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Giofrè S, Renda A, Sesana S, Formicola B, Vergani B, Leone BE, Denti V, Paglia G, Groppuso S, Romeo V, Muzio L, Balboni A, Menegon A, Antoniou A, Amenta A, Passarella D, Seneci P, Pellegrino S, Re F. Dual Functionalized Liposomes for Selective Delivery of Poorly Soluble Drugs to Inflamed Brain Regions. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112402. [PMID: 36365220 PMCID: PMC9698607 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual functionalized liposomes were developed to cross the blood−brain barrier (BBB) and to release their cargo in a pathological matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-rich microenvironment. Liposomes were surface-functionalized with a modified peptide deriving from the receptor-binding domain of apolipoprotein E (mApoE), known to promote cargo delivery to the brain across the BBB in vitro and in vivo; and with an MMP-sensitive moiety for an MMP-triggered drug release. Different MMP-sensitive peptides were functionalized at both ends with hydrophobic stearate tails to yield MMP-sensitive lipopeptides (MSLPs), which were assembled into mApoE liposomes. The resulting bi-functional liposomes (i) displayed a < 180 nm diameter with a negative ζ-potential; (ii) were able to cross an in vitro BBB model with an endothelial permeability of 3 ± 1 × 10−5 cm/min; (iii) when exposed to functional MMP2 or 9, efficiently released an encapsulated fluorescein dye; (iv) showed high biocompatibility when tested in neuronal cultures; and (v) when loaded with glibenclamide, a drug candidate with poor aqueous solubility, reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines from activated microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Giofrè
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Renda
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Silvia Sesana
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Beatrice Formicola
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Barbara Vergani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Biagio Eugenio Leone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Vanna Denti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paglia
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Serena Groppuso
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, INSPE-Institute of Experimental Neurology, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Romeo
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, INSPE-Institute of Experimental Neurology, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Muzio
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, INSPE-Institute of Experimental Neurology, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Balboni
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Centre, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Menegon
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Experimental Imaging Centre, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Antoniou
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Amenta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierfausto Seneci
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze farmaceutiche, DISFARM, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (F.R.); Tel.: +39-0250314467 (S.P.); +39-0264488311 (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Re
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (F.R.); Tel.: +39-0250314467 (S.P.); +39-0264488311 (F.R.)
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2
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Kim JA, Park D, Kim JC. pH-sensitive self-assembling property of poly(ethyleneimine)/cinnamic acid mixture and its effect on pH-dependent release of monoolein cubic phase. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2017.1342250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ah Kim
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Danbi Park
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Department of Medical Biomaterials Engineering, College of Biomedical Science and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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van 't Hag L, Gras SL, Conn CE, Drummond CJ. Lyotropic liquid crystal engineering moving beyond binary compositional space - ordered nanostructured amphiphile self-assembly materials by design. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:2705-2731. [PMID: 28280815 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ordered amphiphile self-assembly materials with a tunable three-dimensional (3D) nanostructure are of fundamental interest, and crucial for progressing several biological and biomedical applications, including in meso membrane protein crystallization, as drug and medical contrast agent delivery vehicles, and as biosensors and biofuel cells. In binary systems consisting of an amphiphile and a solvent, the ability to tune the 3D cubic phase nanostructure, lipid bilayer properties and the lipid mesophase is limited. A move beyond the binary compositional space is therefore required for efficient engineering of the required material properties. In this critical review, the phase transitions upon encapsulation of more than 130 amphiphilic and soluble additives into the bicontinuous lipidic cubic phase under excess hydration are summarized. The data are interpreted using geometric considerations, interfacial curvature, electrostatic interactions, partition coefficients and miscibility of the alkyl chains. The obtained lyotropic liquid crystal engineering design rules can be used to enhance the formulation of self-assembly materials and provides a large library of these materials for use in biomedical applications (242 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie van 't Hag
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Oka T, Hasan M, Islam MZ, Moniruzzaman M, Yamazaki M. Low-pH-Induced Lamellar to Bicontinuous Primitive Cubic Phase Transition in Dioleoylphosphatidylserine/Monoolein Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12487-12496. [PMID: 28967756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic interactions (EIs) play important roles in the structure and stability of inverse bicontinuous cubic (QII) phases of lipid membranes. We examined the effect of pH on the phase of dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS)/monoolein (MO) membranes at low ionic strengths using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). We found that the phase transitions from lamellar liquid-crystalline (Lα) to primitive cubic (QIIP) phases in DOPS/MO (2/8 molar ratio) membranes occurred in buffers containing 50 mM NaCl at and below the final pH of 2.75 as the pH of the membrane suspension was decreased from a neutral value. The kinetic pathway of this transition was revealed using time-resolved SAXS with a stopped-flow apparatus. The first step is a rapid transition from the Lα phase to the hexagonal II (HII) phase, and the second step is a slow transition from the HII phase to the QIIP phase. We determined the rate constants of the first step, k1, and of the second step, k2, by analyzing the time course of SAXS intensities quantitatively. The k1 value increased with temperature. The analysis of this result provided the values of its apparent activation energy, which were constant over temperature but increased with pH. This can be explained by an EI effect on the free energy of the transition state. In contrast, the k2 value decreased with temperature, indicating that the true activation energy increased with temperature. These experimental results were analyzed using the theory of the activation energy of phase transitions of lipid membranes when the free energy of the transition state depends on temperature. On the basis of these results, we discussed the mechanism of this phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Oka
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Moynul Hasan
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Md Zahidul Islam
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamazaki
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Meikle T, Drummond C, Separovic F, Conn C. Membrane-Mimetic Inverse Bicontinuous Cubic Phase Systems for Encapsulation of Peptides and Proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.abl.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Mathews PD, Mertins O. Dispersion of chitosan in liquid crystalline lamellar phase: Production of biofriendly hydrogel of nano cubic topology. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 157:850-857. [PMID: 27987999 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bicontinuous cubic phases were produced with introduction of chitosan in phospholipid/water hydrogel, providing composites of defined molecular organization. The ratio of lipid/water was constant and swelling of lipids bilayer is delimited by incorporation of polymer molecules into the structure. By means of synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering we identified topologies of coexisting cubic phases. The expected liquid crystalline Lα lamellar phase was suppressed by 0.2wt% chitosan leading to formation of diamond Pn3m and gyroid Ia3d cubic topology, with close lattice distances. An increment to 0.4wt% chitosan caused large increase in Pn3m lattice distance. However a higher 0.6wt% evolved this phase to a newly acquired primitive Im3m topology. The structuring process of the three-dimensional complex network is principally governed by demands of chitosan physical requirements over lipids bilayers interfacial curvature. The composite hydrogel of specific topologies presents reduced time release of gallic acid and may find application as new material for time-sustained delivery of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Mathews
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Omar Mertins
- Department of Biophysics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, 04023-062 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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7
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Oka T, Saiki T, Alam JM, Yamazaki M. Activation Energy of the Low-pH-Induced Lamellar to Bicontinuous Cubic Phase Transition in Dioleoylphosphatidylserine/Monoolein. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1327-1337. [PMID: 26766583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic interaction is an important factor for phase transitions between lamellar liquid-crystalline (Lα) and inverse bicontinuous cubic (QII) phases. We investigated the effect of temperature on the low-pH-induced Lα to double-diamond cubic (QII(D)) phase transition in dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS)/monoolein (MO) using time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering with a stopped-flow apparatus. Under all conditions of temperature and pH, the Lα phase was directly transformed into an intermediate inverse hexagonal (HII) phase, and subsequently the HII phase slowly converted to the QII(D) phase. We obtained the rate constants of the initial step (i.e., the Lα to HII phase transition) and of the second step (i.e., the HII to QII(D) phase transition) using the non-negative matrix factorization method. The rate constant of the initial step increased with temperature. By analyzing this result, we obtained the values of its apparent activation energy, Ea (Lα → HII), which did not change with temperature but increased with an increase in pH. In contrast, the rate constant of the second step decreased with temperature at pH 2.6, although it increased with temperature at pH 2.7 and 2.8. These results indicate that the value of Ea (HII → QII(D)) at pH 2.6 increased with temperature, but the values of Ea (HII → QII(D)) at pH 2.7 and 2.8 were constant with temperature. The values of Ea (HII → QII(D)) were smaller than those of Ea (Lα → HII) at the same pH. We analyzed these results using a modified quantitative theory on the activation energy of phase transitions of lipid membranes proposed initially by Squires et al. (Squires, A. M.; Conn, C. E.; Seddon, J. M.; Templer, R. H. Soft Matter 2009, 5, 4773). On the basis of these results, we discuss the mechanism of this phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Oka
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Dept. Physics, Graduate School of Science, §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Takahiro Saiki
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Dept. Physics, Graduate School of Science, §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Jahangir Md Alam
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Dept. Physics, Graduate School of Science, §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamazaki
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Dept. Physics, Graduate School of Science, §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Oka T. Transformation between Inverse Bicontinuous Cubic Phases of a Lipid from Diamond to Gyroid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11353-11359. [PMID: 26425878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The transformation between inverse bicontinuous cubic phases of a lipid from diamond (QII(D)) to gyroid (QII(G)) in the single crystal region of monoolein was studied. X-ray diffraction data indicate that the single orientation of the QII(D) phase was converted into an almost single orientation of the QII(G) phase. The [111] and [11̅0] directions of a single crystal of the QII(D) phase corresponded to the [202] and [04̅0] directions of the QII(G) phase, respectively. This orientation relationship indicated that one direction in the four-branched water channels of the QII(D) phase was preserved in the three-branched water channels of the QII(G) phase. Using this relationship, a transformation model was constructed in which one direction of the water channels was preserved while another direction appeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Oka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Liu Q, Wang J, Dong YD, Boyd BJ. Using a selective cadmium-binding peplipid to create responsive liquid crystalline nanomaterials. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 449:122-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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10
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Chong K, Tan OLL, Almsherqi ZA, Lin Q, Kohlwein SD, Deng Y. Isolation of mitochondria with cubic membrane morphology reveals specific ionic requirements for the preservation of membrane structure. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:689-696. [PMID: 25226828 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biological membranes with cubic symmetry are a hallmark of virus-infected or diseased cells. The mechanisms of formation and specific cellular functions of cubic membranes, however, are unclear. The best-documented cubic membrane formation occurs in the free-living giant amoeba Chaos carolinense. In that system, mitochondrial inner membranes undergo a reversible structural change from tubular to cubic membrane organization upon starvation of the organism. As a prerequisite to further analyze the structural and functional features of cubic membranes, we adapted protocols for the isolation of mitochondria from starved amoeba and have identified buffer conditions that preserve cubic membrane morphology in vitro. The requirement for high concentration of ion-chelating agents in the isolation media supports the importance of a balanced ion milieu in establishing and maintaining cubic membranes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketpin Chong
- Cubic Membrane Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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Oka T, Tsuboi TA, Saiki T, Takahashi T, Alam JM, Yamazaki M. Initial step of pH-jump-induced lamellar to bicontinuous cubic phase transition in dioleoylphosphatidylserine/monoolein. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:8131-8140. [PMID: 24949525 DOI: 10.1021/la5021719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic interactions (EI) are an important factor for phase transitions between lamellar liquid-crystalline (L(α)) and inverse bicontinuous cubic (Q(II)) phases. We investigated the low pH-induced L(α) to double-diamond cubic (Q(II)(D)) phase transition in dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS)/monoolein (MO) using time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering. Using a stopped-flow apparatus, a suspension of liposomes (multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) or large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs)) of 20%-DOPS/80%-MO membrane at neutral pH was rapidly mixed with a low pH buffer, and then the structural change of the membranes in the resultant suspension was observed as a function of time (i.e., pH-jump experiment). At the initial step, the L(α) phase was directly transformed into the hexagonal II (H(II)) phase, and subsequently, the H(II) phase slowly converted into the Q(II)(D) phase. We obtained the rate constants of the initial step (i.e., the L(α) to H(II) phase transition) and of the second step (i.e., the H(II) to Q(II)(D) phase transition) using the non-negative matrix factorization method. The rate constant of the initial step was independent of the MLV concentration, indicating that single MLVs can convert into the HII phase without any interaction with other MLVs. On the other hand, the rate constant of the initial step increased with a decrease in pH, 0.041 s(-1) at pH 2.6 and 0.013 s(-1) at pH 2.8, and also exhibited a size dependence; for smaller vesicles such as LUVs and smaller MLVs with diameters of ~1 μm, the rate constant was smaller. They were reasonably explained by the classical nucleation theory. These results provide the first experimental evidence of the total kinetics of EI-induced L(α)/Q(II) phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Oka
- Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, ‡Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, and §Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University , Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Nilsson C, Edwards K, Eriksson J, Larsen SW, Østergaard J, Larsen C, Urtti A, Yaghmur A. Characterization of oil-free and oil-loaded liquid-crystalline particles stabilized by negatively charged stabilizer citrem. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:11755-11766. [PMID: 22831645 DOI: 10.1021/la3021244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of the negatively charged food-grade emulsifier citrem on the internal nanostructures of oil-free and oil-loaded aqueous dispersions of phytantriol (PHYT) and glyceryl monooleate (GMO). To our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature on the utilization of this charged stabilizing agent in the formation of aqueous dispersions consisting of well-ordered interiors (either inverted-type hexagonal (H(2)) phases or inverted-type microemulsion systems). Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) were used to characterize the dispersed and the corresponding nondispersed phases of inverted-type nonlamellar liquid-crystalline phases and microemulsions. The results suggest a transition between different internal nanostructures of the aqueous dispersions after the addition of the stabilizer. In addition to the main function of citrem as a stabilizer that adheres to the surface of the dispersed particles, it has a significant impact on the internal nanostructures, which is governed by the following factors: (1) its penetration between the hydrophobic tails of the lipid molecules and (2) its degree of incorporation into the lipid-water interfacial area. In the presence of citrem, the formation of aqueous dispersions with functionalized hydrophilic domains by the enlargement of the hydrophilic nanochannels of the internal H(2) phase in hexosomes and the hydrophilic core of the L(2) phase in emulsified microemulsions (EMEs) could be particularly attractive for solubilizing and controlling the release of positively charged drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Nilsson
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alam MM, Oka T, Ohta N, Yamazaki M. Kinetics of low pH-induced lamellar to bicontinuous cubic phase transition in dioleoylphosphatidylserine∕monoolein. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:145102. [PMID: 21495771 DOI: 10.1063/1.3575240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been well recognized that the modulation of electrostatic interactions due to surface charges can induce transitions between lamellar liquid-crystalline (L(α)) and inverse bicontinuous double-diamond cubic (Q(II)(D)) phases in biological lipids. To reveal their kinetic pathway and mechanism, we investigated the low pH-induced L(α) to Q(II)(D) phase transitions in 20%-dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS)/80%-monoolein (MO) using time-resolved small-angle x-ray scattering and a rapid mixing method. At a final pH of 2.6-2.9, the L(α) phase was transformed completely into the hexagonal II (H(II)) phase within 2-10 s after mixing a low pH buffer with a suspension of multilamellar vesicles of 20%-DOPS∕80%-MO (the initial step). Subsequently, the H(II) phase slowly converted into the Q(II)(D) phase and completely disappeared within 15-30 min (the second step). The rate constants of the second step were obtained using the singular value decomposition analysis. On the basis of these data, we discuss the underlying mechanism of the kinetic pathway of the low pH-induced L(α) to Q(II)(D) phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahay Md Alam
- Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Abstract
Biomembranes are traditionally viewed as flat phospholipid-bilayer sheets delineating the cell boundaries and dividing the cell into multiple subcellular organelles with specialized functions. However, biological membranes may also fold up into three-dimensional nanoperiodic arrangements, termed cubic membranes. This type of geometry is mathematically well described and extensively studied in lipidic cubic phase systems. This chapter will (1) summarize similarities and dissimilarities between cubic membranes and cubic phases; (2) provide an update on the experimental data describing the role of lipids, proteins and electrostatic charges on the biogenesis of cubic membranes; and (3) discuss their potential function in intracellular macromolecular transport and as optical filters, as well as potential practical applications such as gene delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria A Almsherqi
- Cubic Membrane Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Felix Margadant
- Cubic Membrane Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuru Deng
- Cubic Membrane Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Almsherqi ZA, Landh T, Kohlwein SD, Deng Y. Chapter 6: cubic membranes the missing dimension of cell membrane organization. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2009; 274:275-342. [PMID: 19349040 PMCID: PMC7105030 DOI: 10.1016/s1937-6448(08)02006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes are among the most fascinating assemblies of biomolecules: a bilayer less than 10 nm thick, composed of rather small lipid molecules that are held together simply by noncovalent forces, defines the cell and discriminates between “inside” and “outside”, survival, and death. Intracellular compartmentalization—governed by biomembranes as well—is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells, which allows them to fulfill multiple and highly specialized anabolic and catabolic functions in strictly controlled environments. Although cellular membranes are generally visualized as flat sheets or closely folded isolated objects, multiple observations also demonstrate that membranes may fold into “unusual”, highly organized structures with 2D or 3D periodicity. The obvious correlation of highly convoluted membrane organizations with pathological cellular states, for example, as a consequence of viral infection, deserves close consideration. However, knowledge about formation and function of these highly organized 3D periodic membrane structures is scarce, primarily due to the lack of appropriate techniques for their analysis in vivo. Currently, the only direct way to characterize cellular membrane architecture is by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, deciphering the spatial architecture solely based on two-dimensionally projected TEM images is a challenging task and prone to artifacts. In this review, we will provide an update on the current progress in identifying and analyzing 3D membrane architectures in biological systems, with a special focus on membranes with cubic symmetry, and their potential role in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Proteomics and lipidomics approaches in defined experimental cell systems may prove instrumental to understand formation and function of 3D membrane morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria A Almsherqi
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597 Singapore
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Silva JN, Oliveira MR, Coutinho P. Characterization of mixed DODAB/monoolein aggregates using Nile Red as a solvatochromic and anisotropy fluorescent probe. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yamazaki M. Chapter 7 Transformation Between Liposomes and Cubic Phases of Biological Lipid Membranes Induced by Modulation of Electrostatic Interactions. ADVANCES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS AND LIPOSOMES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1554-4516(09)09007-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Okamoto Y, Masum SM, Miyazawa H, Yamazaki M. Low-pH-induced transformation of bilayer membrane into bicontinuous cubic phase in dioleoylphosphatidylserine/monoolein membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:3400-3406. [PMID: 18302439 DOI: 10.1021/la7036795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cubic biomembranes, nonbilayer membranes with connections in three-dimensional space that have a cubic symmetry, have been observed in various cells. Interconversion between the bilayer liquid-crystalline (L(alpha)) phase and cubic phases attracted much attention in terms of both biological and physicochemical aspects. Herein we report the pH effect on the phase and structure of dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS)/monoolein (MO) membranes under a physiological ion concentration condition, which was revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurement. At neutral pH, DOPS/MO membranes containing high concentrations of DOPS were in the L(alpha) phase. First, the pH effect on the phase and structure of the multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) of the DOPS/MO membranes preformed at neutral pH was investigated by adding various low-pH buffers into the MLV suspension. For 20%-DOPS/80%-MO MLVs, at and below pH 2.9, a transition from the L(alpha) to cubic (Q(224)) phase occurred within 1 h. This phase transition was reversible; a subsequent increase in pH to a neutral one in the membrane suspension transformed the cubic phase into the original L(alpha) phase. Second, we found that a decrease in pH transformed large unilamellar vesicles of DOPS/MO membranes into the cubic phase under similar conditions. We have proposed the mechanism of the low-pH-induced phase transition and also made a quantitative analysis on the critical pH of the phase transition. This finding is the first demonstration that a change in pH can induce a reversible phase transition between the L(alpha) and cubic phases of lipid membranes within 1 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Okamoto
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, and Integrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
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Yaghmur A, Laggner P, Zhang S, Rappolt M. Tuning curvature and stability of monoolein bilayers by designer lipid-like peptide surfactants. PLoS One 2007; 2:e479. [PMID: 17534429 PMCID: PMC1868779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the effect of loading four different charged designer lipid-like short anionic and cationic peptide surfactants on the fully hydrated monoolein (MO)-based Pn3m phase (Q(224)). The studied peptide surfactants comprise seven amino acid residues, namely A(6)D, DA(6), A(6)K, and KA(6). D (aspartic acid) bears two negative charges, K (lysine) bears one positive charge, and A (alanine) constitutes the hydrophobic tail. To elucidate the impact of these peptide surfactants, the ternary MO/peptide/water system has been investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), within a certain range of peptide concentrations (R
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Yaghmur
- Institute of Biophysics and Nanosystems Research (IBN), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria.
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Tamba Y, Ohba S, Kubota M, Yoshioka H, Yoshioka H, Yamazaki M. Single GUV method reveals interaction of tea catechin (-)-epigallocatechin gallate with lipid membranes. Biophys J 2007; 92:3178-94. [PMID: 17293394 PMCID: PMC1852348 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.106.097105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea catechins, which are flavonoids and the main components of green tea extracts, are thought to have antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Several studies indicate that lipid membranes are one of the targets of the antibacterial activity of catechins. Studies using a suspension of large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) indicate that catechin causes gradual leakage of internal contents from LUVs. However, the detailed characteristics of the interaction of catechins with lipid membranes remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the interaction of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), a major catechin in tea extract, with single giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) of egg phosphatidylcholine (egg PC) using phase-contrast fluorescence microscopy and the single GUV method. We prepared GUVs of lipid membranes of egg PC in a physiological ion concentration ( approximately 150 mM NaCl) using the polyethylene glycol-lipid method. Low concentrations of EGCg at and above 30 muM induced rapid leakage of a fluorescent probe, calcein, from the inside of single egg PC-GUVs; after the leakage, the GUVs changed into small lumps of lipid membranes. On the other hand, phase-contrast microscopic images revealed the detailed process of the EGCg-induced burst of GUVs, the decrease in their diameter, and their transformation into small lumps. The dependence of the fraction of burst GUVs on EGCg concentration was almost the same as that of the fraction of leaked GUV. This correlation strongly indicates that the leakage of calcein from the inside to the outside of the GUV occurred as a result of the burst of the GUV. The fraction of completely leaked GUV and the fraction of the burst GUV increased with time and also increased with increasing EGCg concentration. We compared the EGCg-induced leakage from single GUVs with EGCg-induced leakage from a LUV suspension. The analysis of the EGCg-induced shape changes shows that the binding of EGCg to the external monolayer of the GUV increases its membrane area, inducing an increase in its surface pressure. Small angle x-ray scattering experiments indicate that the intermembrane distance of multilamellar vesicles of PC membrane greatly decreased at EGCg concentrations above the threshold, suggesting that neighboring membranes came in close contact with each other. On the basis of these results, we discuss the mechanism of the EGCg-induced bursting of vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Tamba
- Innovative Joint Research Center, Shizuoka University, Oya, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
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Almsherqi ZA, Kohlwein SD, Deng Y. Cubic membranes: a legend beyond the Flatland* of cell membrane organization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 173:839-44. [PMID: 16785319 PMCID: PMC2063909 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200603055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cubic membranes represent highly curved, three-dimensional nanoperiodic structures that correspond to mathematically well defined triply periodic minimal surfaces. Although they have been observed in numerous cell types and under different conditions, particularly in stressed, diseased, or virally infected cells, knowledge about the formation and function of nonlamellar, cubic structures in biological systems is scarce, and research so far is restricted to the descriptive level. We show that the “organized smooth endoplasmic reticulum” (OSER; Snapp, E.L., R.S. Hegde, M. Francolini, F. Lombardo, S. Colombo, E. Pedrazzini, N. Borgese, and J. Lippincott-Schwartz. 2003. J. Cell Biol. 163:257–269), which is formed in response to elevated levels of specific membrane-resident proteins, is actually the two-dimensional representation of two subtypes of cubic membrane morphology. Controlled OSER induction may thus provide, for the first time, a valuable tool to study cubic membrane formation and function at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria A Almsherqi
- Cubic Membrane Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
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Awad TS, Okamoto Y, Masum SM, Yamazaki M. Formation of cubic phases from large unilamellar vesicles of dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol/monoolein membranes induced by low concentrations of Ca2+. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:11556-61. [PMID: 16316079 DOI: 10.1021/la051782i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We developed a new method for the transformation of large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) into the cubic phase. We found that the addition of low concentrations of Ca(2+) to suspensions of multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) of membranes of monoolein (MO) and dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) mixtures (DOPG/MO) changed their L(alpha) phase to the cubic phases. For instance, the addition of 15-25 mM Ca(2+) to 30%-DOPG/70%-MO-MLVs induced the Q(229) phase, whereas the addition of > or =28 mM Ca(2+) induced the Q(224) phase. LUVs of DOPG/MO membranes containing > or =25 mol % DOPG were prepared easily. Low concentrations of Ca(2+) transformed these LUVs in excess buffer into the Q(224) or the Q(229) phase, depending on the Ca(2+) concentration. For example, 15 and 50 mM Ca(2+) induced the Q(224) and Q(229) phase in the 30%-DOPG/70%-MO-LUVs at 25 degrees C, respectively. This finding is the first demonstration of transformation of LUVs of lipid membranes into the cubic phase under excess water condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek S Awad
- Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shizuoka University, Japan
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The Single GUV Method for Probing Biomembrane Structure and Function. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2005. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2005.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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