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Popova TO, Borisov OV, Zhulina EB. Polyelectrolyte Brushes with Protein-Like Nanocolloids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1232-1246. [PMID: 38176061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Electrostatic interaction of ampholytic nanocolloidal particles (NPs), which mimic globular proteins, with polyelectrolyte brushes is analyzed within mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann approximation. In accordance with experimental findings, the theory predicts that an electrostatic driving force for the particle uptake by the brush may emerge when the net charge of the particle in the buffer and the charge of the brush are of the same sign. The origin of this driving force is change in the ionization state of weak cationic and anionic groups on the NP surface provoked by interaction with the brush. In experimental systems, the ionic interactions are complemented by excluded-volume, hydrophobic, and other types of interactions that all together control NP uptake by or expulsion from the brush. Here, we focus on the NP-brush ionic interactions. It is demonstrated that deviation between the buffer pH and the NP isoelectric point, considered usually as the key control parameter, does not uniquely determine the insertion free energy patterns. The latter depends also on the proportion of cationic and anionic groups in the NPs and their specific ionization constants as well as on salt concentration in the buffer. The analysis of the free energy landscape proves that a local minimum in the free energy inside the brush appears, provided the NP charge reversal occurs upon insertion into the brush. This minimum corresponds either to a thermodynamically stable or to a metastable state, depending on the pH offset from the IEP and salt concentration, and is separated from the bulk of the solution by a free energy barrier. The latter, being fairly independent of salt concentration in height, may strongly impede the NP absorption kinetically even when it is thermodynamically favorable. Hence, change reversal is a necessary but insufficient condition for the uptake of the NPs by similarly charged polyelectrolyte brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana O Popova
- ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Oleg V Borisov
- ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour UMR 5254, Pau 64053, France
| | - Ekaterina B Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Popova TO, Zhulina EB, Borisov OV. Interaction of Polyanionic and Polycationic Brushes with Globular Proteins and Protein-like Nanocolloids. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:597. [PMID: 38132536 PMCID: PMC10741738 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of experimental studies have demonstrated that globular proteins can be absorbed from the solution by both polycationic and polyanionic brushes when the net charge of protein globules is of the same or of the opposite sign with respect to that of brush-forming polyelectrolyte chains. Here, we overview the results of experimental studies on interactions between globular proteins and polycationic or polyanionic brushes, and present a self-consistent field theoretical model that allows us to account for the asymmetry of interactions of protein-like nanocolloid particles comprising weak (pH-sensitive) cationic and anionic groups with a positively or negatively charged polyelectrolyte brush. The position-dependent insertion free energy and the net charge of the particle are calculated. The theoretical model predicts that if the numbers of cationic and anionic ionizable groups of the protein are approximately equal, then the interaction patterns for both cationic and anionic brushes at equal offset on the "wrong side" from the isoelectric point (IEP), i.e., when the particle and the brush charge are of the same sign, are similar. An essential asymmetry in interactions of particles with polycationic and polyanionic brushes is predicted when fractions of cationic and anionic groups differ significantly. That is, at a pH above IEP, the anionic brush better absorbs negatively charged particles with a larger fraction of ionizable cationic groups and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana O. Popova
- Chemical Engineering Center, National Research University ITMO, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Institute of Macromolecular Compoundsof the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina B. Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compoundsof the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Oleg V. Borisov
- Chemical Engineering Center, National Research University ITMO, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Institute of Macromolecular Compoundsof the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour UMR 5254, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie Pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, 64053 Pau, France
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Merzougui CE, Aimar P, Bacchin P, Causserand C. pH-Dependent Adsorption of Human Serum Albumin Protein on a Polystyrene-Block-Poly(acrylic acid)-Coated PVDF Membrane. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:886. [PMID: 38132890 PMCID: PMC10744623 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13120886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the investigation of human serum albumin (HSA) adsorption on a poy-styrene-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA)-coated PVDF membrane, which is a potential smart material for biomedical applications. First, copolymer coating on the membrane surface was successfully performed, due to the hydrophobic interaction of the PS anchoring group with the PVDF membrane. This was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization of the membrane. Then, HSA adsorption onto the coated membrane was assessed and was proved to be strongly dependent on the pH of the protein solution. Indeed, both FTIR mapping and mass balance calculation using UV-visible spectroscopy displayed a greater HSA adsorption on the membrane at pH 5, even though it still took place at higher pH, but to a lower extent. Afterwards, an ionic strength influence study evinced the role of electrostatic interactions between HSA and the PAA layer on HSA adsorption. Dead-end filtration of HSA through the coated membrane confirmed the pH dependence of HSA adsorption on the coated membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charaf-Eddine Merzougui
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (P.A.); (P.B.)
| | | | | | - Christel Causserand
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (P.A.); (P.B.)
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4
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In situ investigation of lysozyme adsorption into polyelectrolyte brushes by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Merzougui CE, Roblin P, Aimar P, Venault A, Chang Y, Causserand C, Bacchin P. Pearl-necklace assembly of human serum albumin with the poly(acrylic acid) polyelectrolyte investigated using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9964-9974. [PMID: 33034602 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this comprehensive study, the interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was explored using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) combined with chromatography. The results revealed the formation of a complex between HSA macromolecules and PAA chains but solely under some specific conditions of the ionic strength and pH of the medium. In fact, this binding was found to take place only at pH close to 5 and at low ionic strength (0.15 M). Otherwise, for a higher pH and a salt concentration of 0.75 M the HSA-PAA complex tends to dissociate completely showing the reversibility of the complexation. The assessment of the influence of the HSA/PAA molar ratio on the radius of gyration of the complex suggests that 4 HSA molecules could bind to each 100 kDa PAA chain. In addition, the Porod volume evaluation for the same range of the HSA/PAA ratio confirms this assumption. Finally, an all-atom SAXS modelling study using the BUNCH program was conducted to find a compatible model that fits the HSA-PAA complex scattering data. This model allows us to portray the HSA/PAA complex as a pearl-necklace assembly with 4 HSA molecules on the 100 kDa PAA chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charaf E Merzougui
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Pierre Roblin
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Pierre Aimar
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Antoine Venault
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, Taiwan
| | - Yung Chang
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li, Taiwan
| | - Christel Causserand
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Patrice Bacchin
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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Senechal V, Saadaoui H, Vargas-Alfredo N, Rodriguez-Hernandez J, Drummond C. Weak polyelectrolyte brushes: re-entrant swelling and self-organization. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:7727-7738. [PMID: 32735003 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the combined influence of pH and ionic strength on the properties of brushes of a weak polyion, poly(acrylic acid), in conditions of grafting density close to the mushroom-brush crossover. By combining atomic force microscopy AFM and quartz crystal microbalance, we show that at low ionic strengths the conformational change of grafted polyions is non-monotonic with increasing pH due to the counterintuitive variation of the ionization degree. Thus, reentrant swelling of the polymer chains is observed with increasing pH. This effect is more important at low polymer grafting densities, when it is accompanied by in-plane heterogeneous distribution at intermediate pH values. In addition, we observed self-assembly on the polymer brush (formation of holes and islands) at pH values below pKa, due to the short-range attractive interaction between uncharged grafted chains. The sensitivity of the ionization of grafted chains to the physicochemical environment was also studied by measuring the interaction force between a silica tip and polymer brushes by atomic force microscopy. The dependence of the ionization of polyions on the presence of the tip points toward important charge regulation effects, in particular at pH values corresponding to partial ionization of the polyion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Senechal
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France. and Université de Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Hassan Saadaoui
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France. and Université de Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nelson Vargas-Alfredo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Drummond
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France. and Université de Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France
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7
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Ferrand-Drake del Castillo G, Hailes RLN, Dahlin A. Large Changes in Protonation of Weak Polyelectrolyte Brushes with Salt Concentration-Implications for Protein Immobilization. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5212-5218. [PMID: 32515599 PMCID: PMC7467743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time that the protonation behavior of weak polyelectrolyte brushes depends very strongly on ionic strength. The pKa changes by one pH step per order of magnitude in salt concentration. For low salt concentrations (∼1 mM), a very high pH is required to deprotonate a polyacidic brush and a very low pH is required to protonate a polybasic brush. This has major consequences for interactions with other macromolecules, as the brushes are actually almost fully neutral when believed to be charged. We propose that many previous studies on electrostatic interactions between polyelectrolytes and proteins have, in fact, looked at other types of intermolecular forces, in particular, hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Dahlin
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University
of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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8
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Czeslik C, Wittemann A. Adsorption mechanism, secondary structure and local distribution of proteins at polyelectrolyte brushes. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-019-04590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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9
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High-pressure study of magnetic nanoparticles with a polyelectrolyte brush as carrier particles for enzymes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 182:110344. [PMID: 31284146 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The recovery of enzymes from a reaction medium can be achieved in a convenient way by using magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) as carriers. Here, we present MNP with a polyelectrolyte brush composed of poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) to provide a benign environment for the immobilized enzyme molecules. Yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) has been tested for enzymatic activity when it is free in solution or adsorbed on the PEI brush-MNP. Furthermore, the effect of pressure on the enzymatic activity has been studied to reveal activation volumes, which are a sensitive probe of the transition state geometry. The results of this study indicate that the secondary structure of ADH is pressure-stable up to 9 kbar. The enzymatic activity of ADH can be analyzed using Michaelis-Menten kinetics free in solution and adsorbed on the PEI brush-MNP. Remarkably, no significant changes of the Michaelis constant and the activation volume are observed upon adsorption. Thus, it can be assumed that the turnover number of ADH is also the same in the free and adsorbed state. However, the maximum enzymatic rate is reduced when ADH is adsorbed, which must be explained by a lower effective enzyme concentration due to steric hindrance of the enzyme inside the PEI brush of the MNP. In this way, the pressure experiments carried out in this study enable a distinction between steric and kinetic effects on the enzymatic rate of adsorbed ADH.
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10
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Gong K, Pan C, He K, Zhu H, Chen L, Hou M, Wang Y. Influence of poly(acrylic acid) grafting density on switchable protein adsorption/desorption of poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline)/poly(acrylic acid) mixed brushes. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Kang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Haikun Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China
- Colllege of Materials and Chemical EngineeringWest Anhui University Luan 237012 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 People's Republic of China
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11
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Levin A, Cinar S, Paulus M, Nase J, Winter R, Czeslik C. Analyzing protein-ligand and protein-interface interactions using high pressure. Biophys Chem 2019; 252:106194. [PMID: 31177023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2019.106194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
All protein function is based on interactions with the environment. Proteins can bind molecules for their transport, their catalytic conversion, or for signal transduction. They can bind to each other, and they adsorb at interfaces, such as lipid membranes or material surfaces. An experimental characterization is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms, but also to make use of proteins in biotechnology or biomedicine. When protein interactions are studied under high pressure, volume changes are revealed that directly describe spatial contributions to these interactions. Moreover, the strength of protein interactions with ligands or interfaces can be tuned in a smooth way by pressure modulation, which can be utilized in the design of drugs and bio-responsive interfaces. In this short review, selected studies of protein-ligand and protein-interface interactions are presented that were carried out under high pressure. Furthermore, a perspective on bio-responsive interfaces is given where protein-ligand binding is applied to create functional interfacial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Levin
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Süleyman Cinar
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Paulus
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät Physik/Delta, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julia Nase
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät Physik/Delta, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roland Winter
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Claus Czeslik
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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12
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Chowdhury P, Hazra A, Kr. Mondal M, Roy B, Roy D, Prasad Bayen S, Pal S. Facile synthesis of polyacrylate directed silver nanoparticles for pH sensing through naked eye. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1607376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh Chowdhury
- Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Abhijit Hazra
- Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Maloy Kr. Mondal
- Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Bishnupada Roy
- Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Debiprasad Roy
- Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Shyama Prasad Bayen
- Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Sumana Pal
- Polymer & Nano Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
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13
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Mantz A, Rosenthal A, Farris E, Kozisek T, Bittrich E, Nazari S, Schubert E, Schubert M, Stamm M, Uhlmann P, Pannier AK. Free Polyethylenimine Enhances Substrate-Mediated Gene Delivery on Titanium Substrates Modified With RGD-Functionalized Poly(acrylic acid) Brushes. Front Chem 2019; 7:51. [PMID: 30792979 PMCID: PMC6374293 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Substrate mediated gene delivery (SMD) is a method of immobilizing DNA complexes to a substrate via covalent attachment or nonspecific adsorption, which allows for increased transgene expression with less DNA compared to traditional bolus delivery. It may also increase cells receptivity to transfection via cell-material interactions. Substrate modifications with poly(acrylic) acid (PAA) brushes may improve SMD by enhancing substrate interactions with DNA complexes via tailored surface chemistry and increasing cellular adhesion via moieties covalently bound to the brushes. Previously, we described a simple method to graft PAA brushes to Ti and further demonstrated conjugation of cell adhesion peptides (i.e., RGD) to the PAA brushes to improve biocompatibility. The objective of this work was to investigate the ability of Ti substrates modified with PAA-RGD brushes (PAA-RGD) to immobilize complexes composed of branched polyethyleneimine and DNA plasmids (bPEI-DNA) and support SMD in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. Transfection in NIH/3T3 cells cultured on bPEI-DNA complexes immobilized onto PAA-RGD substrates was measured and compared to transfection in cells cultured on control surfaces with immobilized complexes including Flat Ti, PAA brushes modified with a control peptide (RGE), and unmodified PAA. Transfection was two-fold higher in cells cultured on PAA-RGD compared to those cultured on all control substrates. While DNA immobilization measured with radiolabeled DNA indicated that all substrates (PAA-RGD, unmodified PAA, Flat Ti) contained nearly equivalent amounts of loaded DNA, ellipsometric measurements showed that more total mass (i.e., DNA and bPEI, both complexed and free) was immobilized to PAA and PAA-RGD compared to Flat Ti. The increase in adsorbed mass may be attributed to free bPEI, which has been shown to improve transfection. Further transfection investigations showed that removing free bPEI from the immobilized complexes decreased SMD transfection and negated any differences in transfection success between cells cultured on PAA-RGD and on control substrates, suggesting that free bPEI may be beneficial for SMD in cells cultured on bPEI-DNA complexes immobilized on PAA-RGD grafted to Ti. This work demonstrates that substrate modification with PAA-RGD is a feasible method to enhance SMD outcomes on Ti and may be used for future applications such as tissue engineering, gene therapy, and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Mantz
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Alice Rosenthal
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eric Farris
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Tyler Kozisek
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Eva Bittrich
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
| | - Saghar Nazari
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Schubert
- Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Mathias Schubert
- Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Terahertz Materials Analysis Center (THeMAC), Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Manfred Stamm
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Dresden, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Angela K. Pannier
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
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14
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Levin A, Czeslik C. Interaction of calmodulin with poly(acrylic acid) brushes: Effects of high pressure, pH-value and ligand binding. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:478-484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Bratek-Skicki A, Eloy P, Morga M, Dupont-Gillain C. Reversible Protein Adsorption on Mixed PEO/PAA Polymer Brushes: Role of Ionic Strength and PEO Content. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3037-3048. [PMID: 29406751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteins at interfaces are a key for many applications in the biomedical field, in biotechnologies, in biocatalysis, in food industry, etc. The development of surface layers that allow to control and manipulate proteins is thus highly desired. In previous works, we have shown that mixed polymer brushes combining the protein-repellent properties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and the stimuli-responsive adsorption behavior of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) could be synthesized and used to achieve switchable protein adsorption. With the present work, we bring more insight into the rational design of such smart thin films by unravelling the role of PEO on the adsorption/desorption of proteins. The PEO content of the mixed PEO/PAA brushes was regulated, on the one hand, by using PEO with different molar masses and, on the other hand, by varying the ratio of PEO and PAA in the solutions used to synthesize the brushes. The influence of ionic strength on the protein adsorption behavior was also further examined. The behavior of three proteins-human serum albumin, lysozyme, and human fibrinogen, which have very different size, shape, and isoelectric point-was investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance, atomic force microscopy, and streaming potential measurements were used to characterize the mixed polymer brushes and, in particular, to estimate the fraction of each polymer within the brushes. Protein adsorption and desorption conditions were selected based on previous studies. While brushes with a lower PEO content allowed the higher protein adsorption to occur, fully reversible adsorption could only be achieved when the PEO surface density was at least 25 PEO units per nm2. Taken together, the results increase the ability to finely tune protein adsorption, especially with temporal control. This opens up possibilities of applications in biosensor design, separation technologies, nanotransport, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bratek-Skicki
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences , Université catholique de Louvain , Place Louis Pasteur (L4.01.10) , 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8 , PL30239 Krakow , Poland
| | - Pierre Eloy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences , Université catholique de Louvain , Place Louis Pasteur (L4.01.10) , 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
| | - Maria Morga
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8 , PL30239 Krakow , Poland
| | - Christine Dupont-Gillain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences , Université catholique de Louvain , Place Louis Pasteur (L4.01.10) , 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
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16
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Pan C, Liu X, Gong K, Mumtaz F, Wang Y. Dopamine assisted PMOXA/PAA brushes for their switchable protein adsorption/desorption. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:556-567. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02209c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PMOXA/PAA mixed brushes with switchable protein adsorption/desorption properties were prepared by sequentially grafting PMOXA-NH2 and PAA-SH onto PDA-coated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoru Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Fatima Mumtaz
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- P. R. China
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17
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Vander Straeten A, Bratek-Skicki A, Germain L, D'Haese C, Eloy P, Fustin CA, Dupont-Gillain C. Protein-polyelectrolyte complexes to improve the biological activity of proteins in layer-by-layer assemblies. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:17186-17192. [PMID: 29095455 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04345g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A standard method of protein immobilization is proposed, based on the use of protein-polyelectrolyte complexes (PPCs) as building blocks for layer-by-layer assembly. Thicker multilayers, with a higher polyelectrolyte fraction, are obtained with PPCs compared to single protein molecules. Biological activity is not only maintained, but specific activity is also higher, as demonstrated for lysozyme-poly(styrene sulfonate) complexes. This is attributed to the more hydrated state of the assemblies. This new method of protein immobilization opens up perspectives for biotechnology and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vander Straeten
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur, 1 bte L4.01.10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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18
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Cinar S, Czeslik C. Bioresponsive interfaces composed of calmodulin and poly(ethylene glycol): Toggling the interfacial film thickness by protein-ligand binding. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 158:9-15. [PMID: 28658645 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Responsive interfaces are often realized by polymer films that change their structure and properties upon changing the pH-value, ionic strength or temperature. Here, we present a bioresponsive interfacial structure that is based on a protein, calmodulin (CaM), which undergoes a huge conformational change upon ligand binding. At first, we characterize the conformational functionality of a double Cys mutant of CaM by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The CaM mutant is then used to cross-link poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains, which are bound covalently to a supporting planar Si surface. These films are characterized by X-ray reflectometry (XR) in a humidity chamber providing full hydration. It is well known that Ca2+-saturated holo-CaM binds trifluoperazine (TFP) and changes its conformation from an open, dumbbell-shaped to a closed, globular one in solution. At the interface, we observe an increase of the PEG-CaM film thickness, when TFP is binding and inducing the closed conformation, whereas the removal of Ca2+-ions and a concomitant release of TFP is associated with a decrease of the film thickness. This toggling of the film thickness is largely reversible. In this way, a structural change of the interface is achieved via protein functionality which has the advantage of being selective for ligand molecules without changing the environmental conditions in a harsh way via physico-chemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Cinar
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Claus Czeslik
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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19
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Sénéchal V, Saadaoui H, Rodriguez-Hernandez J, Drummond C. Electrowetting of Weak Polyelectrolyte-Coated Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:4996-5005. [PMID: 28497970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymer coatings are commonly used to modify interfacial properties like wettability, lubrication, or biocompatibility. These properties are determined by the conformation of polymer molecules at the interface. Polyelectrolytes are convenient elementary bricks to build smart materials, given that polyion chain conformation is very sensitive to different environmental variables. Here we discuss the effect of an applied electric field on the properties of surfaces coated with poly(acrylic acid) brushes. By combining atomic force microscopy, quartz crystal microbalance, and contact angle experiments, we show that it is possible to precisely tune polyion chain conformation, surface adhesion, and surface wettability using very low applied voltages if the polymer grafting density and environmental conditions (pH and ionic strength) are properly formulated. Our results indicate that the effective ionization degree of the grafted weak polyacid can be finely controlled with the externally applied field, with important consequences for the macroscopic surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Sénéchal
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Hassan Saadaoui
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France
| | | | - Carlos Drummond
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux , F-33600 Pessac, France
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20
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Fang F, Zhu XY, Chen C, Li J, Chen DJ, Huang XJ. Anionic glycosylated polysulfone membranes for the affinity adsorption of low-density lipoprotein via click reactions. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:379-387. [PMID: 27884777 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An anionic glycosylated polysulfone (PSf) membrane was prepared as a high-affinity adsorbent for low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The UV-induced grafting of acrylic acid to the membrane was followed by amidation and a 'thiol-yne' click reaction to achieve glycosylation and sulfonation. Membrane modification was confirmed by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These tests revealed that the chemical compositions of the membranes' surfaces were easily regulated by controlling the 'thiol-yne' click reaction through the feed ratio of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-β-d-glucopyranose and sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate. LDL adsorption and desorption rates were estimated using an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay, which revealed that the obtained anionic glycosylated PSf membrane had a higher affinity for LDL than either glycosylated or sulfonated membranes alone. The combination of glycosyl and sulfonyl groups enhanced the membranes' affinities for LDL. The modified PSf membrane had an excellent biocompatibility and adsorbed a large amount of LDL, making it a promising material for LDL apheresis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) adsorbents normally contain negative charged ligand to induce electrostatic interaction with the positively charged regions of LDL. Furthermore, saccharide is another common component which share in most of the LDL-adsorbents and the LDL-receptor (LDLR). Such structural similarity impels us to investigate the synergistic effect of anionic and saccharide on LDL recognition. For this purpose, an anionic glycosylated membrane of which surface composition can be controlled by click reaction with mutable glycosyl/sulfonyl ratios was prepared. The obtained membrane showed better LDL adsorption/desorption property and the adsorption amount for LDL at an optimum feed ratio. This finding highlights the role of synergistic effect of anionic and saccharide, which offer a new strategy for designing LDL adsorbent with high efficiency.
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21
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Gao K, Kearney LT, Howarter JA. Planar Phase Separation of Weak Polyelectrolyte Brushes in Poor Solvent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- School of Materials Engineering; Purdue University; 701 W Stadium Ave West Lafayette Indiana 47907
| | - Logan T. Kearney
- School of Materials Engineering; Purdue University; 701 W Stadium Ave West Lafayette Indiana 47907
| | - John A. Howarter
- School of Materials Engineering; Purdue University; 701 W Stadium Ave West Lafayette Indiana 47907
- Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering; Purdue University; 500 Central Dr West Lafayette Indiana 47907
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22
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Akkilic N, Molenaar R, Claessens MMAE, Blum C, de Vos WM. Monitoring the Switching of Single BSA-ATTO 488 Molecules Covalently End-Attached to a pH-Responsive PAA Brush. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8803-8811. [PMID: 27525503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel combination of a responsive polymer brush and a fluorescently labeled biomolecule, where the position of the biomolecule can be switched from inside to outside the brush and vice versa by a change in pH. For this, we grafted ultrathin, amino-terminated poly(acrylic acid) brushes to glass and silicon substrates. Individual bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules labeled with fluorophore ATTO 488 were covalently end-attached to the polymers in this brush using a bis-N-succinimidyl-(pentaethylene glycol) linker. We investigated the dry layer properties of the brush-protein ensemble, and it is swelling behavior using spectroscopic ellipsometry. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy enabled us to study the distance-dependent switching of the fluorescently labeled protein molecules. The fluorescence emission from the labeled proteins ceased (out-state) when the polymer chains stretched away from the interface under basic pH conditions, and fluorescence recurred (in-state) when the chains collapsed under acidic conditions. Moreover, TIRF allowed us to study the fluorescence switching behavior of fluorescently labeled BSA molecules down to the single-molecule level, and we demonstrate that this switching is fast but that the exact intensity during the in-state is the result of a more random process. Control experiments verify that the switching behavior is directly correlated to the responsive behavior of the polymer brush. We propose this system as a platform for switchable sensor applications but also as a method to study the swelling and collapse of individual polymer chains in a responsive polymer brush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namik Akkilic
- Membrane Science and Technology, and ‡Nanobiophysics, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Molenaar
- Membrane Science and Technology, and ‡Nanobiophysics, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mireille M A E Claessens
- Membrane Science and Technology, and ‡Nanobiophysics, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Blum
- Membrane Science and Technology, and ‡Nanobiophysics, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wiebe M de Vos
- Membrane Science and Technology, and ‡Nanobiophysics, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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23
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Levin A, Erlkamp M, Steitz R, Czeslik C. Volume profile of α-chymotrypsin during adsorption and enzymatic reaction on a poly(acrylic acid) brush. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9070-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00843g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic rate of α-chymotrypsin that is adsorbed on a poly(acrylic acid) brush can be enhanced by pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Levin
- TU Dortmund University
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- D-44221 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Mirko Erlkamp
- TU Dortmund University
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- D-44221 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Roland Steitz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH
- D-14109 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Claus Czeslik
- TU Dortmund University
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- D-44221 Dortmund
- Germany
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24
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Rios JL, Lu G, Seo NE, Lambert T, Putnam D. Prolonged Release of Bioactive Model Proteins from Anionic Microgels Fabricated with a New Microemulsion Approach. Pharm Res 2015; 33:879-92. [PMID: 26620311 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Therapeutic proteins have become an integral part of health care. However, their controlled delivery remains a challenge. Protein function depends on a delicate three dimensional structure, which can be damaged during the fabrication of controlled release systems. This study presents a microgel-based controlled release system capable of high loading efficiencies, prolonged release and retention of protein function. METHODS A new DMSO/Pluronic microemulsion served as a reaction template for the crosslinking of poly(acrylic acid) and oligo (ethylene glycol) to form microgels. Poly(acylic acid) molecular weights and microgel crosslinking densities were altered to make a series of microgels. Microgel capacity to capture and retain proteins of different sizes and isoelectric points, to control their release rate (over ~30 days) and to maintain the biofunctionality of the released proteins were evaluated. RESULTS Microgels of different sizes and morphologies were synthesized. Loading efficiencies of 100% were achieved with lysozyme in all formulations. The loading efficiency of all other proteins was formulation dependent. Release of lysozyme was achieved for up to 30 days and the released lysozyme retained over 90% of its activity. CONCLUSIONS High loading efficiencies and prolonged release of different proteins was achieved. Furthermore, lysozyme's functionality remained uncompromised after encapsulation and release. This work begins to lay the foundation for a broad platform for the delivery of therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Rios
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 147 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Gongcheng Lu
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 147 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Na Eun Seo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Tamara Lambert
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - David Putnam
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 147 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.
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25
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He SZ, Merlitz H, Sommer JU, Wu CX. Counterion-mediated protein adsorption into polyelectrolyte brushes. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2015; 38:101. [PMID: 26385737 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2015-15101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction of fullerene-like, inhomogeneously charged proteins with polyelectrolyte brushes. A motivation of this work is the experimental observation that proteins, carrying an integral charge, may enter like-charged polymer brushes. Simulations of varying charge distributions on the protein surfaces are performed to unravel the physical mechanism of the adsorption. Our results prove that an overall neutral protein can be strongly driven into polyelectrolyte brush whenever the protein features patches of positive and negative charge. The findings reported here give further evidence that the strong adsorption of proteins is also driven by entropic forces due to counterion release, since charged patches on the surface of the proteins can act as multivalent counterions of the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte chains. A corresponding number of mobile co- and counterions is released from the brush and the vicinity of the proteins so that the entropy of the total system increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Zhen He
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Putian University, 351100, Putian, P.R. China.
- Department of Physics and ITPA, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, P.R. China.
| | - Holger Merlitz
- Department of Physics and ITPA, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, P.R. China
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Sommer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Chen-Xu Wu
- Department of Physics and ITPA, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, P.R. China
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26
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Zeng S, Huang YMM, Chang CEA, Zhong W. Protein binding for detection of small changes on a nanoparticle surface. Analyst 2015; 139:1364-71. [PMID: 24482794 DOI: 10.1039/c3an02155f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein adsorption on nanoparticles is closely associated with the physicochemical properties of particles, in particular, their surface properties. We synthesized two batches of polyacrylic acid-coated nanoparticles under almost identical conditions except for the heating duration and found differences in the head-group structure of the polyacrylic acid. The structure change was confirmed by NMR and MS. The two batches of particles had varied binding affinities to a selected group of proteins. Computational work confirmed that the head group of the polymer on the surface of a nanoparticle could directly interact with a protein, and small structural changes in the head group were sufficient to result in a significant difference in the free energy of binding. Our results demonstrate that protein adsorption is so sensitive to the surface properties of particles that it can reveal even small variations in the structure of a nanoparticle surface ligand, and should be useful for quick assessment of nanoparticle properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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Impact of Enzyme Loading on the Efficacy and Recovery of Cellulolytic Enzymes Immobilized on Enzymogel Nanoparticles. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:2872-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Delcroix MF, Laurent S, Huet GL, Dupont-Gillain CC. Protein adsorption can be reversibly switched on and off on mixed PEO/PAA brushes. Acta Biomater 2015; 11:68-79. [PMID: 25234158 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of proteins on surfaces placed in biological fluids is a ubiquitous and mostly irreversible phenomenon, desirable or not, but often uncontrolled. Adsorption of most proteins on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) brushes is very limited, while the amount of proteins adsorbed on poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes varies with the pH and ionic strength (I) of the protein solution. Mixed brushes of PEO and PAA are designed here to reversibly adsorb and desorb albumin, lysozyme, collagen and immunoglobulin G, four very different proteins in terms of size, solubility and isoelectric point. Protein adsorption and desorption are monitored using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as with quartz crystal microbalance for in situ and real-time measurements. Large amounts of protein are adsorbed and then nearly completely desorbed on mixed PEO/PAA brushes by a simple pH and I trigger. The mixed brushes thus nicely combine the properties of pure PAA and pure PEO brushes. These adsorption/desorption cycles are shown to be repeated with high efficiency. The high-performance smart substrates created here could find applications in domains as diverse as biosensors, drug delivery and nanotransport.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Delcroix
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - S Laurent
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - G L Huet
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - C C Dupont-Gillain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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29
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Hu LL, Hu B, Shen LM, Zhang DD, Chen XW, Wang JH. Polyethyleneimine–iron phosphate nanocomposite as a promising adsorbent for the isolation of DNA. Talanta 2015; 132:857-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Martin N, Ruchmann J, Tribet C. Prevention of aggregation and renaturation of carbonic anhydrase via weak association with octadecyl- or azobenzene-modified poly(acrylate) derivatives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 31:338-349. [PMID: 25495869 DOI: 10.1021/la503643q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The prevention of aggregation during renaturation of urea-denatured carbonic anhydrase B (CAB) via hydrophobic and Coulomb association with anionic polymers was studied in mixed solutions of CAB and amphiphilic poly(acrylate) copolymers. The polymers were derivatives of a parent poly(acrylic acid) randomly grafted with hydrophobic side groups (either 3 mol % octadecyl group, or 1-5 mol % alkylamidoazobenzene photoresponsive groups). CAB:polymer complexes were characterized by light scattering and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in aqueous buffers (pH 7.75 or 5.9). Circular dichroism and enzyme activity assays enabled us to study the kinetics of renaturation. All copolymers, including the hydrophilic PAA parent chain, provided a remarkable protective effect against CAB aggregation during renaturation, and most of them (but not the octadecyl-modified one) markedly enhanced the regain of activity as compared to CAB alone. The significant role of Coulomb binding in renaturation and comparatively the lack of efficacy of hydrophobic association was highlighted by measurements of activity regain before and after in situ dissociation of hydrophobic complexes (achieved by phototriggering the polarity of azobenzene-modified polymers under exposure to UV light). In the presence of polymers (CAB:polymer of 1:1 w/w ratio) at concentration ∼0.6 g L(-1), the radii of the largest complexes were similar to the radii of the copolymers alone, suggesting that the binding of CAB involves one or a few polymer chain(s). These complexes dissociated by dilution (0.01 g L(-1)). It is concluded that prevention of irreversible aggregation and activity recovery were achieved when marginally stable complexes are formed. Reaching a balanced stability of the complex plays the main role in CAB renaturation, irrespective of the nature of the binding (by Coulomb association, with or without contribution of hydrophobic association).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Martin
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University , 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
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Sudre G, Hourdet D, Creton C, Cousin F, Tran Y. Probing pH-responsive interactions between polymer brushes and hydrogels by neutron reflectivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9700-9706. [PMID: 25099624 DOI: 10.1021/la501568p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of specific interactions on the structure of interfaces between a brush and a hydrogel on the polymer chain length scale. We used a model system for which the interactions between the brush and the gel are switchable. We synthesized weak polyelectrolyte brushes of poly(acrylic acid) and hydrogels of polyacrylamide and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) which interact solely when the poly(acrylic acid) is mainly in its acidic form. The monomer density profiles of the poly(acrylic acid) brush immersed in pure deuterium oxide (D2O) or in contact with a D2O-swollen gel were determined by neutron reflectivity. At pH 2 when the brush is in its neutral form, it interacts with the gel by hydrogen bonds while at pH 9 when the brush is a polyelectrolyte it is not interacting with the gel. Our results show that the presence of interactions with the gel at pH 2 increases the swelling ratio of the brush relative to that in pure D2O, meaning that the brushes exhibit conformations which are more extended from the surface than in the absence of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sudre
- Laboratoire de Science et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, UMR 7615 CNRS/UPMC/ESPCI ParisTech, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris Cedex 5, France
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32
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Delcroix MF, Demoustier-Champagne S, Dupont-Gillain CC. Quartz crystal microbalance study of ionic strength and pH-dependent polymer conformation and protein adsorption/desorption on PAA, PEO, and mixed PEO/PAA brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:268-277. [PMID: 24328402 DOI: 10.1021/la403891k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The conformation of polymer chains grafted on a substrate influences protein adsorption. In a previous study, adsorption/desorption of albumin was demonstrated on mixed poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes, triggered by solutions of adequate pH and ionic strength (I). In the present work, homolayers of PEO or PAA are submitted to saline solutions with pH from 3 to 9 and I from 10(-5) to 10(-1) M, and their conformation is evaluated in real time using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Shrinkage/swelling of PAA chains and hydration and salt condensation in the brush are evidenced. The adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) onto such brushes is also monitored in these different saline solutions, leading to a deep understanding of the influence of polymer chain conformation, modulated by pH and I, on protein adsorption. A detailed model of the conformation of PEO/PAA mixed brushes depending on pH and I is then proposed, providing a rationale for the identification of conditions for the successive adsorption and desorption of proteins on such mixed brushes. The adsorption/desorption of albumin on PEO/PAA is demonstrated using QCM-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Delcroix
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain , Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Qu Z, Chen K, Gu H, Xu H. Covalent Immobilization of Proteins on 3D Poly(acrylic acid) Brushes: Mechanism Study and a More Effective and Controllable Process. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:370-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bc400530s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Qu
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Medical Device and Technology at Med-X, School of Biomedical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Kaimin Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Medical Device and Technology at Med-X, School of Biomedical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hongchen Gu
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Medical Device and Technology at Med-X, School of Biomedical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Medical Device and Technology at Med-X, School of Biomedical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
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34
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Dumitru LM, Manoli K, Magliulo M, Sabbatini L, Palazzo G, Torsi L. Plain poly(acrylic acid) gated organic field-effect transistors on a flexible substrate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10819-10823. [PMID: 24144062 DOI: 10.1021/am403008b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the use of a polyanionic proton conductor, poly(acrylic acid), to gate a poly[2,5-bis(3-tetradecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene]-based organic field-effect transistor (OFET). A planar configuration of the OFET is evaluated, and the electrical performance and implementation on a flexible substrate are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liviu M Dumitru
- Department of Chemistry, "Aldo Moro" University , Via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
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35
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Wu ZY, Ma CB, Tang XG, Li R, Liu QX, Chen BT. Double-perovskite magnetic La2NiMnO6 nanoparticles for adsorption of bovine serum albumin applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:207. [PMID: 23639007 PMCID: PMC3655024 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Double-perovskite La2NiMnO6 (LNMO) nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation process, and the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein on these nanoparticles was carried out. The powder samples were annealed at 750, 850, 950, and 1,050°C, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that there are double perovskites and exhibit mixed orientations, without any impurity phases. Transmission electron microscopy results as well as the XRD estimate results show that the crystalline size is about 34 to 40 nm. The adsorption of BSA on the magnetic nanoparticles was analyzed using a UV spectrophotometer at room temperature. The results show that the as-prepared LNMO nanoparticles display a good adsorbing ability for BSA, and the nanoparticle sintered at 850°C has the highest value of 219.6 mg/g, which is much higher than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cai-Bin Ma
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Xiang Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bao-Tian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People’s Republic of China
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36
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37
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Saha B, Saikia J, Das G. Tuning the selective interaction of lysozyme and serum albumin on a carboxylate modified surface. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23042b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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38
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Delcroix MF, Huet GL, Conard T, Demoustier-Champagne S, Du Prez FE, Landoulsi J, Dupont-Gillain CC. Design of Mixed PEO/PAA Brushes with Switchable Properties Toward Protein Adsorption. Biomacromolecules 2012; 14:215-25. [DOI: 10.1021/bm301637h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. F. Delcroix
- Institute of Condensed Matter
and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - G. L. Huet
- Institute of Condensed Matter
and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - T. Conard
- IMEC,
Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Demoustier-Champagne
- Institute of Condensed Matter
and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - F. E. Du Prez
- Polymer Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Ghent,
Belgium
| | - J. Landoulsi
- Laboratoire de
Réactivité
de Surface, UMR 7197 CNRS, Université Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris VI, 4 Place Jussieu, Case 178, 75252
Paris, France
| | - C. C. Dupont-Gillain
- Institute of Condensed Matter
and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1 (L7.04.01), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Koo J, Czeslik C. High pressure sample cell for total internal reflection fluorescence spectroscopy at pressures up to 2500 bar. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:085109. [PMID: 22938334 DOI: 10.1063/1.4746385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) spectroscopy is a surface sensitive technique that is widely used to characterize the structure and dynamics of molecules at planar liquid-solid interfaces. In particular, biomolecular systems, such as protein adsorbates and lipid membranes can easily be studied by TIRF spectroscopy. Applying pressure to molecular systems offers access to all kinds of volume changes occurring during assembly of molecules, phase transitions, and chemical reactions. So far, most of these volume changes have been characterized in bulk solution, only. Here, we describe the design and performance of a high pressure sample cell that allows for TIRF spectroscopy under high pressures up to 2500 bar (2.5 × 10(8) Pa), in order to expand the understanding of volume effects from the bulk phase to liquid-solid interfaces. The new sample cell is based on a cylindrical body made of Nimonic 90 alloy and incorporates a pressure transmitting sample cuvette. This cuvette is composed of a fused silica prism and a flexible rubber gasket. It contains the sample solution and ensures a complete separation of the sample from the liquid pressure medium. The sample solution is in contact with the inner wall of the prism forming the interface under study, where fluorescent molecules are immobilized. In this way, the new high pressure TIRF sample cell is very useful for studying any biomolecular layer that can be deposited at a planar water-silica interface. As examples, high pressure TIRF data of adsorbed lysozyme and two phospholipid membranes are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juny Koo
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät Chemie, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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40
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Wörz A, Berchtold B, Moosmann K, Prucker O, Rühe J. Protein-resistant polymer surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30820g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Henzler K, Haupt B, Rosenfeldt S, Harnau L, Narayanan T, Ballauff M. Interaction strength between proteins and polyelectrolyte brushes: a small angle X-ray scattering study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:17599-605. [PMID: 21892474 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20663j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present an investigation of β-lactoglobulin adsorption onto spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (SPBs) by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The SPB consists of a polystyrene core onto which long chains of poly(styrene sulfonate) are grafted. The amount and the distribution of proteins adsorbed in the brush layer at low ionic strength can be derived from SAXS. The analysis of the SAXS data reveals additionally that some of the protein molecules form aggregates of about six monomers in the adsorbed state. Furthermore, the position and the amount of slightly bound protein can be detected by the combination of the SAXS results and the SPB loading after extensive ultrafiltration. The total amount of adsorbed protein is compared to data derived from isothermal titration calorimetry. The comparison of both sets of data demonstrates that the protein molecules in the inner layers of the spherical polyelectrolyte brush are firmly bound. Proteins located in the outer layers are only weakly bound and can be washed out by prolonged ultrafiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Henzler
- Soft Matter and Functional Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
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42
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Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles and their magnetic properties and adsorption of bovine serum albumin. POWDER TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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43
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Dubey G, Mequanint K. Conjugation of fibronectin onto three-dimensional porous scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:1114-25. [PMID: 21073985 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering scaffolds provide the three-dimensional (3-D) geometry and mechanical framework required for regulating cell behavior and facilitating tissue maturation. Unfortunately, most synthetic scaffolds lack the biological recognition motifs required for seeded cell interaction. In order to impart this recognition, synthetic scaffolds should possess appropriate biological functionality. Here, for the first time, we present a comprehensive study of fibronectin (FN) conjugation onto highly porous 3-D poly(carbonate) urethane scaffolds through grafted poly(acrylic acid) spacers on the urethane backbone. Scanning electron microscopy was used to ensure that the porous structures of the scaffolds were preserved throughout the multiple conjugation steps, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the reaction progress. Toluidine blue staining revealed that increasing acrylic acid concentration and grafting time increased the number of poly(acrylic acid) groups incorporated. High resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of the scaffolds demonstrated an increase in nitrogen and sulfur due to FN conjugation. Immunofluorescence microscopy studies showed an even distribution of conjugated FN on the 3-D scaffolds. Cell culture studies using human coronary artery smooth muscle cells demonstrated that FN-conjugated scaffolds had improved cell attachment and infiltration depth compared with scaffolds without FN conjugation and with those scaffolds on which FN was merely adsorbed.
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44
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Heuck CC. Polyacrylate adsorbents for the selective adsorption of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins from plasma or blood. GERMAN MEDICAL SCIENCE : GMS E-JOURNAL 2011; 9:Doc02. [PMID: 21289994 PMCID: PMC3028661 DOI: 10.3205/000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Polyacrylate (PAA) adsorbents selectively bind low density lipoproteins (LDL) from human plasma and blood, whereas very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) are only minimally adsorbed. The adsorption of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins to PAA adsorbents is related to the molecular weight (mw) of the polyanion ligand. Ca(++) and Mg(++) inhibit the binding of LDL to PAA adsorbents. The chemical composition of the organic hardgels of the adsorbents does not have an influence on adsorption. The selective adsorption of LDL to PAA adsorbents can be explained to result from their low negative surface charge density and the specific colloid-chemical properties of the surface-bound PAA, which do not prevent LDL from binding to charge-like domains of the ligand. By contrast, VLDL and high density lipoproteins (HDL) are repelled from the adsorbents due to their higher negative surface charge density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus-Chr. Heuck
- Heinrich Heine University, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Claus-Chr. Heuck, Heinrich Heine University, Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany, Tel.: +49-211 811 9655, E-mail:
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45
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Yu Q, Chen H, Zhang Y, Yuan L, Zhao T, Li X, Wang H. pH-reversible, high-capacity binding of proteins on a substrate with nanostructure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17812-17815. [PMID: 21038872 DOI: 10.1021/la103647s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, a pH-switchable system for protein adsorption and release is introduced. By combining the pH sensitivity of poly(methacrylic acid) (poly(MAA) chains and the nanoeffects of 3D nanostructured silicon nanowire arrays (SiNWAs), a poly(MAA)-modified SiNWAs material showed an extremely high capacity for binding lysozyme at pH 4 (an ∼80-fold increase compared with that of smooth Si-poly(MAA)). Moreover, ∼90% of the adsorbed lysozyme was released from SiNWAs-poly(MAA) by increasing the pH from 4 to 9, without a loss of enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
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46
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Jain P, Vyas MK, Geiger JH, Baker GL, Bruening ML. Protein purification with polymeric affinity membranes containing functionalized poly(acid) brushes. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1019-26. [PMID: 20187657 DOI: 10.1021/bm9014792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Porous nylon membranes modified with poly(acid) brushes and their derivatives can rapidly purify proteins via ion-exchange and metal-ion affinity interactions. Membranes containing poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl succinate) (poly(MES)) brushes bind 118 +/- 8 mg of lysozyme per cm(3) of membrane and facilitate purification of lysozyme from chicken egg white. Moreover, functionalization of the poly(MES) brushes with nitrilotriacetate (NTA)-Ni(2+) complexes yields membranes that bind poly(histidine)-tagged (His-tagged) ubiquitin with a capacity of 85 +/- 2 mg of protein per cm(3) of membrane. Most importantly, the membranes modified with poly(MES)-NTA-Ni(2+) allow isolation of His-tagged cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein directly from a cell extract in <10 min, and the protein purity is comparable to that achieved with commercial affinity columns. Therefore, porous nylon membranes containing functionalized poly(MES) brushes are attractive candidates for rapid, high-capacity purification of His-tagged proteins from cell extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Jain
- Department of Chemistry Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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47
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Chen ML, Chen ML, Chen XW, Wang JH. Functionalization of MWNTs with Hyperbranched PEI for Highly Selective Isolation of BSA. Macromol Biosci 2010; 10:906-15. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200900444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Reichhart C, Czeslik C. A quantitative study of the enzymatic activity of horseradish peroxidase at a planar poly(acrylic acid) brush. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 75:612-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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49
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de Vos WM, Leermakers FAM, de Keizer A, Cohen Stuart MA, Kleijn JM. Field theoretical analysis of driving forces for the uptake of proteins by like-charged polyelectrolyte brushes: effects of charge regulation and patchiness. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:249-59. [PMID: 19697905 DOI: 10.1021/la902079u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
At the moment two competing explanations exist for the experimental finding that net negatively charged proteins adsorb on or absorb in negatively charged polyelectrolyte brushes. One explanation is based on the possibility of charge regulation. The idea is that a protein can reverse its charge when it is in the presence of the high electrostatic potential of the brush and then can be inserted. The other explanation relies on the charge anisotropy of proteins, that is, that it carries positively charged and negatively charged patches. The positively charged region gains more energy from interacting with the negative brush than the negative charged patch loses, especially when the charge densities and electrostatic potentials are high, thus providing a net attraction. We present a model in which both mechanisms are combined. We confirm that both charge anisotropy and charge regulation effects on their own can be responsible for protein uptake at the "wrong" side of the isoelectric point (IEP). In addition, we find that the respective effects are additive. Indeed, taking both effects into account results in a stronger attraction between a PE brush and protein at the IEP, and the attraction is found further above the IEP than the individual effects would have made possible. Still, for patchiness to have a strong contribution, the patches need very high charge densities. Therefore, we argue that for most types of protein charge reversal will be the main driving force for adsorption on the wrong side of the IEP, while patchiness will contribute less.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebe M de Vos
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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50
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Evers F, Reichhart C, Steitz R, Tolan M, Czeslik C. Probing adsorption and aggregation of insulin at a poly(acrylic acid) brush. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:4375-82. [DOI: 10.1039/b925134k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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