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Kim YG, Park S, Kim SH. Centrifugation-Assisted Growth of Single-Crystalline Grains in Microcapsules. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2782-2791. [PMID: 36648203 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal crystals have been tailored in a format of microspheres to use them as a building block to construct macroscopic photonic surfaces. However, the polycrystalline grains grown from the spherical surface usually exhibit low reflectivity. Although single-crystalline microspheres have been produced, it is difficult to control the crystal orientation. Here, we design spherical microcapsules with density anisotropy that contain single-crystalline grains along the heavy side. The microcapsules spontaneously align to have a heavy side down under the action of gravity and display a bright and uniform reflection color from the entire surface of the grains. Key to the success is the use of gentle centrifugal force to initiate nucleation and grow single-crystalline grains from the heavy side through depletion attraction. The microcapsules have density anisotropy due to the heterogeneity of the shell thickness, which causes them to self-align under centrifugation. At the same time, particles are accumulated on the heavy side, which produces many tiny grains on the heavy side immediately after the centrifugation. With controlled depletion attraction among particles, only a few grains survive during postincubation through Ostwald ripening, and one or a few giant single-crystalline grains are finally produced along the heavy side of each microcapsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Geon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kim YG, Park S, Choi YH, Han SH, Kim SH. Elastic Photonic Microcapsules Containing Colloidal Crystallites as Building Blocks for Macroscopic Photonic Surfaces. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12438-12448. [PMID: 33988026 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal crystals develop structural colors through wavelength-selective diffraction. Recently, a granular format of colloidal crystals has emerged as building blocks to construct macroscopic photonic surfaces or architectures with high reconfigurability through the secondary assembly. Here, we design elastic photonic microcapsules containing colloidal crystallites along the inner wall as a building block. Water-in-oil-in-water double-emulsion templates are microfluidically prepared to have an aqueous dispersion of polystyrene particles in the inner droplet and polydimethylsiloxane prepolymers in the shell. Colloidal particles are enriched in the presence of depletant and salt by osmotic compression, with the crystallization at the inner interface by depletion attraction. The number of nucleation sites depends on the rate of the enrichment, which enables control over the size and surface coverage of the crystallites with osmotic conditions. The enrichment is ceased by transferring the droplets into an isotonic solution, and the oil shell is cured to form an elastic membrane. As the elastic microcapsules have a large void in the core, they are deformable without structural damage in the crystallites. Therefore, the microcapsules can be closely packed to form macroscopic surfaces while achieving a high quality of structural colors with a collection of crystallites aligned along the flattened membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Geon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Hun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Hu Y, Li C, Wang J, Jia X, Zhu J, Wang Q, Wang H, Yang Y. Osmosis manipulable morphology and photonic property of microcapsules with colloidal nano-in-micro structure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 574:337-346. [PMID: 32335483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Full visible spectrum photonic droplets and consequent microcapsules with nano-in-micro structure were prepared through microfluidic technique. Photo-curable resin and suspension of monodispersed soft nanogels were used as shell and core of the microcapsules, respectively. Upon UV irradiation, the droplets can be subsequently transformed into photonic microcapsules with an ultrathin polymeric shell. The shell thickness of the photonic microcapsules was found to be approximately 700 nm. Due to the ultrathin shell and soft core, the photonic microcapsules with nano-in-micro structure display dramatic changes both in shapes and photonic property under the impact of osmosis effect or temperature stimulus. Typically, the shell and core parts of nano-in-micro structure could respectively undergo a size expansion/even rupture and a size decrease/buckling under hypotonic and hypertonic condition. Correspondingly, the peak value of the reflection spectra of the microcapsules showed a redshift and blue shift, respectively. The mechanism to the structure and optical properties variation involves the osmotic pressure induced the volume-fraction change of the nanogel-based photonic dispersion and the shell buckling of the core/shell microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandu Hu
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chengnian Li
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianying Wang
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolu Jia
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yajiang Yang
- Hubei Key Lab of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Wang L, Wang J. Self-assembly of colloids based on microfluidics. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16708-16722. [PMID: 31469374 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06817a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of colloids provides a powerful way for the construction of complex multi-scale materials. Microfluidic techniques possess great potential to precisely control the assembly of micro- and nano-scale building blocks via the rational design of various microfluidic environments. In this review, we first discuss the self-assembly of colloids without templates by using the laminar microfluidic technique. The self-assembly of colloids based on a droplet as a template was subsequently summarized and discussed via droplet microfluidic technique. Moreover, the evaporation-driven self-assembly of colloids in microfluidic channels has been discussed and analysed. Finally, the representative applications in this field have been pointed out. The aim of this review is to summarize the state-of-art on the self-assembly of colloids based on various microfluidic techniques, exhibit their representative applications, and point out the current challenges in this field, hoping to inspire and guide future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- MIIT Key laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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Choi TM, Je K, Park JG, Lee GH, Kim SH. Photonic Capsule Sensors with Built-In Colloidal Crystallites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1803387. [PMID: 30589466 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Technologies to monitor microenvironmental conditions and its spatial distribution are in high demand, yet remain unmet need. Herein, photonic microsensors are designed in a capsule format that can be injected, suspended, and implanted in any target volume. Colorimetric sensors are loaded in the core of microcapsules by assembling core-shell colloids into crystallites through the depletion attraction. The shells of the colloids are made of a temperature-responsive hydrogel, which enables the crystallites to rapidly and widely tune the structural color in response to a change in temperature while maintaining close-packed arrays. The spherical symmetry of the microcapsules renders them optically isotropic, i.e., displaying orientation-independent color. In addition, as a solid membrane is used to protect the delicate crystallites from external stresses, their high stability is assured. More importantly, each microcapsule reports the temperature of its microenvironment so that a suspension of capsules can provide information on the spatial distribution of the temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Min Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Kwanghwi Je
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jin-Gyu Park
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Gun Ho Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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Hussain M, Xie J, Hou Z, Shezad K, Xu J, Wang K, Gao Y, Shen L, Zhu J. Regulation of Drug Release by Tuning Surface Textures of Biodegradable Polymer Microparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:14391-14400. [PMID: 28367618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Generally, size, uniformity, shape, and surface chemistry of biodegradable polymer particles will significantly affect the drug-release behavior in vitro and in vivo. In this study, uniform poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and PLGA-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG) microparticles with tunable surface textures were generated by combining the interfacial instabilities of emulsion droplet and polymer-blending strategy. Monodisperse emulsion droplets containing polymers were generated through the microfluidic flow-focusing technique. The removal of organic solvent from the droplets triggered the interfacial instabilities (spontaneous increase in interfacial area), leading to the formation of uniform polymer particles with textured surfaces. With the introduction of homopolymer PLGA to PLGA-b-PEG, the hydrophobicity of the polymer system was tailored, and a qualitatively different interfacial behavior of the emulsion droplets during solvent removal was observed. Uniform polymer particles with tunable surface roughness were thus generated by changing the ratio of PLGA-b-PEG in the polymer blends. More interestingly, surface textures of the particles determined the drug-loading efficiency and release kinetics of the encapsulated hydrophobic paclitaxel, which followed a diffusion-directed drug-release pattern. The polymer particles with different surface textures demonstrated good cell viability and biocompatibility, indicating the promising role of the particles in the fields of drug or gene delivery for tumor therapy, vaccines, biodiagnostics, and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zaiyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Khurram Shezad
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yujie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (HUST), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
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Hu Y, Pérez-Mercader J. Controlled Synthesis of Uniform, Micrometer-Sized Ruthenium-Functionalized Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Gel Particles and their Application to the Catalysis of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuandu Hu
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02142 USA
| | - Juan Pérez-Mercader
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02142 USA
- Santa Fe Institute; Santa Fe NM 87501 USA
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Jia X, Wang K, Wang J, Hu Y, Shen L, Zhu J. Full-color photonic hydrogels for pH and ionic strength sensing. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yassine O, Zaher A, Li EQ, Alfadhel A, Perez JE, Kavaldzhiev M, Contreras MF, Thoroddsen ST, Khashab NM, Kosel J. Highly Efficient Thermoresponsive Nanocomposite for Controlled Release Applications. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28539. [PMID: 27335342 PMCID: PMC4917869 DOI: 10.1038/srep28539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient magnetic release from nanocomposite microparticles is shown, which are made of Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel with embedded iron nanowires. A simple microfluidic technique was adopted to fabricate the microparticles with a high control of the nanowire concentration and in a relatively short time compared to chemical synthesis methods. The thermoresponsive microparticles were used for the remotely triggered release of Rhodamine (B). With a magnetic field of only 1 mT and 20 kHz a drug release of 6.5% and 70% was achieved in the continuous and pulsatile modes, respectively. Those release values are similar to the ones commonly obtained using superparamagnetic beads but accomplished with a magnetic field of five orders of magnitude lower power. The high efficiency is a result of the high remanent magnetization of the nanowires, which produce a large torque when exposed to a magnetic field. This causes the nanowires to vibrate, resulting in friction losses and heating. For comparison, microparticles with superparamagnetic beads were also fabricated and tested; while those worked at 73 mT and 600 kHz, no release was observed at the low field conditions. Cytotoxicity assays showed similar and high cell viability for microparticles with nanowires and beads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Yassine
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Zaher
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Er Qiang Li
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alfadhel
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose E. Perez
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mincho Kavaldzhiev
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria F. Contreras
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sigurdur T. Thoroddsen
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jurgen Kosel
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Wang X, Li Z, Yang Y, Gong X, Liao Y, Xie X. Photomechanically Controlled Encapsulation and Release from pH-Responsive and Photoresponsive Microcapsules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5456-5463. [PMID: 25924083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Poly(acrylic acid)/azobenzene microcapsules were obtained through distillation precipitation polymerization and the selective removal of silica templates by hydrofluoric acid etching. The uniform, robust, and monodisperse microcapsules, confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, had reversible photoisomerization under ultraviolet (UV) and visible light. Under UV irradiation, azobenzene cross-linking sites in the main chain transformed from the trans to cis isomer, which induced the shrinkage of microcapsules. These photomechanical effects of azobenzene moieties were applied to the encapsulation and release of model molecules. After loading with rhodamine B (RhB), the release behaviors were completely distinct. Under steady UV irradiation, the shrinkage adjusted the permeability of the capsule, providing a novel way to encapsulate RhB molecules. Under alternate UV/visible light irradiation, a maximal release amount was reached due to the continual movement of shell networks by cyclic trans-cis photoisomerization. Also, microcapsules had absolute pH responsiveness. The diffusion rate and the final release percentage of RhB both increased with pH. The release behaviors under different irradiation modes and pH values were in excellent agreement with the Baker-Lonsdale model, indicating a diffusion-controlled release behavior. Important applications are expected in the development of photocontrolled encapsulation and release systems as well as in pH-sensitive materials and membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Wang
- †Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- ‡Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- ‡Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yingkui Yang
- §Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xinghou Gong
- ‡Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yonggui Liao
- †Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- †Key Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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