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Gao H, Song X, Chen Q, Yuan R, Xiang Y. Target-promoted specific activation of m6A-DNAzyme for SPEXPAR-amplified and highly sensitive non-label electrochemical assay of FTO demethylase. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1247:340902. [PMID: 36781254 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The demethylase of fat mass and obesity related protein (FTO) is critical to regulate the dynamic N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of eukaryotic mRNAs, and its overexpression has found to be closely related to the initiation of several cancers. On the basis of a target-promoted specific activation of DNAzyme strategy coupled with self-primer exponential amplification reaction (SPEXPAR) cycles and DNA supersandwich assemblies, the highly sensitive and label-free electrochemical FTO assay approach is established. The modification of the catalytic core nucleobase of the DNAzyme probe by m6A can inhibit its cleavage activity. The presence of target FTO catalyzes the elimination of the methyl group to restore the DNAzyme activity, which cleaves the hairpin substrates to trigger the SPEXPAR for yielding many ssDNAs. The capture of these DNAs on the sensor electrode leads to the initiation of supersandwich assembly formation of long dsDNAs. Tremendous electrochemical signal probe of [Ru(NH3)6]Cl3 are then absorbed on these dsDNAs to produce highly amplified catalytic currents with the assistance of K3[Fe(CN)6] for detecting trace FTO with 63.1 fM detection limit. Furthermore, the sensor can be employed for selective assay of FTO in cell lysates, revealing the great potential of this sensing strategy for biomedical and biological study applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Xinmei Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Qirong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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2
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Arivazhagan M, Maduraiveeran G. Gold dispersed hierarchical flower-like copper oxide microelectrodes for the sensitive detection of glucose and lactic acid in human serum and urine. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4538-4548. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00527a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report self-supported gold dispersed copper oxide microflowers (Au@CuO MFs) on copper microelectrodes (CME) as a sensitive platform for the sensing of glucose and lactic acid in human serum...
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3
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Wu Y, Ali S, White RJ. Electrocatalytic Mechanism for Improving Sensitivity and Specificity of Electrochemical Nucleic Acid-Based Sensors with Covalent Redox Tags-Part I. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3833-3841. [PMID: 33296188 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The design and development of advanced electrocatalysis have been extensively explored for efficient energy conversion and electrochemical biosensing. Both ferricyanide (Fe(CN)63-) and methylene blue (MB) have been widely used in the development of electrochemical biosensing strategies. However, the electrocatalytic mechanism between nucleic acid-tethered MB and Fe(CN)63- remains unexplored. In this manuscript, we aim to provide readers in our community molecular insights into the electrocatalytic mechanism. The exploration of the electrocatalytic mechanism starts with a kinetic zone diagram for a one-electron homogeneous electrocatalytic reaction. Two factors-the excess factor γ and the kinetic parameter λ-are important for a homogeneous electrocatalytic reaction; as such, we studied both. The excess factor parameter was controlled by applying Fe(CN)63- with various concentrations (50, 100, and 200 μM), and the kinetic parameter effect on the electrocatalytic process was examined by varying scan rates of cyclic voltammetry (CV) or frequencies of square-wave voltammetry (SWV). Moreover, we discovered that the probe dynamics of the nucleic acid tether is the third rate-limiting factor for the electrocatalytic reaction. As the probe dynamics switch of electrode-bound nucleic acid is often utilized as a mechanism in electrochemical nucleic acid-based sensors, we believe the electrocatalysis between nucleic acid-tethered MB and Fe(CN)63- is capable of enhancing sensitivity and specificity of electrochemical nucleic acid-based sensors with covalent redox tags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
| | - Sufyaan Ali
- Walnut Hills High School, Cincinnati, Ohio 45207, United States
| | - Ryan J. White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172, United States
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4
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Abi A, Safavi A. Determination of the binding site size of hexaammineruthenium(iii) inside monolayers of DNA on gold. Analyst 2020; 146:547-557. [PMID: 33165468 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01685c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hexaammineruthenium(iii), RuHex3+, is a DNA-binding metal complex that is widely used as a redox marker for the indirect determination of DNA coverage at the electrode surface. The conversion of electrochemically quantifiable surface excess of RuHex3+ into DNA surface coverage requires the knowledge of the binding site size of RuHex3+ (s). Traditionally, s on surface-immobilized DNA has been assumed to be equivalent to that on solution-phase DNA, which was experimentally determined in previous studies. Nevertheless, the different local microenvironments existing inside DNA monolayers in comparison to that in bulk solutions cast doubt on the validity of this assumption. In this report, we used electrochemical techniques to investigate s on surface-immobilized DNA. The values of s inside the DNA monolayers were found to be significantly smaller than that reported on solution-phase DNA. Besides, s was found to depend on the DNA packing density and became larger by increasing the DNA surface coverage or hybridizing the surface-tethered DNAs with complementary strands. Our data indicate that the RuHex3+ method, in which an s value of 3 nucleotides is used for the conversion of RuHex3+ to DNA surface coverage, does not always give reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Abi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7194684795, Iran.
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Zhou YG, Kermansha L, Zhang L, Mohamadi RM. Miniaturized Electrochemical Sensors to Facilitate Liquid Biopsy for Detection of Circulating Tumor Markers. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6229-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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6
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Nucleic acid-based electrochemical nanobiosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 102:479-489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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7
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Ning X, Li L, Chen J, Shan D, Gao R, Lu X. Three-dimensional porous self-assembled chestnut-like nickel-cobalt oxide structure as an electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of hydrazine in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1022:28-36. [PMID: 29729735 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional NiCo2O4 is a kind of superior sensing material owing to its high electron transfer capability, large available surface area and numbers of active sites. In this work, NiCo2O4 of the three-dimensional chestnut-like structure were easily achieved through a one step hydrothermal process. Afterwards, the morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Based on the three-dimensional porous chestnut-like NiCo2O4, an electrochemical sensor for hydrazine (N2H4) detection is fabricated. This electrochemical platform can realize good selectivity, excellent stability, high sensitivity (∼2154.4 μA mM-1 cm-2), and low detection limit (0.3 μM), as well as a wide linear range from 1 μM to 1096 μM. The synergistic effect of nickel-cobalt in such mixed transition metal oxides which Co in Co3O4 is partially replaced by Ni are beneficial for enhancing sensing properties. This study proves that three-dimensional porous chestnut-like NiCo2O4 is electrochemically active for catalytic performance which is particular and promising material for good application in the practical detection of N2H4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Xingming Ning
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Linfang Li
- Key Laboratory Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Duoliang Shan
- Key Laboratory Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Ruiqin Gao
- Key Laboratory Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Key Laboratory Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
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8
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Mahshid SS, Vallée-Bélisle A, Kelley SO. Biomolecular Steric Hindrance Effects Are Enhanced on Nanostructured Microelectrodes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9751-9757. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sadat Mahshid
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Science, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2 Canada
| | | | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Science, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2 Canada
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9
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Polypeptide with electroactive endgroups as sensing platform for the abused drug ‘methamphetamine’ by bioelectrochemical method. Talanta 2016; 161:789-796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Das J, Ivanov I, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. DNA Clutch Probes for Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11009-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3M2
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Labib M, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Electrochemical Methods for the Analysis of Clinically Relevant Biomolecules. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9001-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 555] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Labib
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | | | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
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12
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Sage AT, Besant JD, Mahmoudian L, Poudineh M, Bai X, Zamel R, Hsin M, Sargent EH, Cypel M, Liu M, Keshavjee S, Kelley SO. Fractal circuit sensors enable rapid quantification of biomarkers for donor lung assessment for transplantation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500417. [PMID: 26601233 PMCID: PMC4643795 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Biomarker profiling is being rapidly incorporated in many areas of modern medical practice to improve the precision of clinical decision-making. This potential improvement, however, has not been transferred to the practice of organ assessment and transplantation because previously developed gene-profiling techniques require an extended period of time to perform, making them unsuitable in the time-sensitive organ assessment process. We sought to develop a novel class of chip-based sensors that would enable rapid analysis of tissue levels of preimplantation mRNA markers that correlate with the development of primary graft dysfunction (PGD) in recipients after transplant. Using fractal circuit sensors (FraCS), three-dimensional metal structures with large surface areas, we were able to rapidly (<20 min) and reproducibly quantify small differences in the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and ATP11B mRNA in donor lung biopsies. A proof-of-concept study using 52 human donor lungs was performed to develop a model that was used to predict, with excellent sensitivity (74%) and specificity (91%), the incidence of PGD for a donor lung. Thus, the FraCS-based approach delivers a key predictive value test that could be applied to enhance transplant patient outcomes. This work provides an important step toward bringing rapid diagnostic mRNA profiling to clinical application in lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Sage
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Justin D. Besant
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Laili Mahmoudian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mahla Poudineh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Ricardo Zamel
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Michael Hsin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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13
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An electrochemical clamp assay for direct, rapid analysis of circulating nucleic acids in serum. Nat Chem 2015; 7:569-75. [PMID: 26100805 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs), which are present at significant levels in the blood of cancer patients, can reveal the mutational spectrum of a tumour without the need for invasive sampling of the tissue. However, this requires differentiation between the nucleic acids that originate from healthy cells and the mutated sequences shed by tumour cells. Here we report an electrochemical clamp assay that directly detects mutated sequences in patient serum. This is the first successful detection of cfNAs without the need for enzymatic amplification, a step that normally requires extensive sample processing and is prone to interference. The new chip-based assay reads out the presence of mutations within 15 minutes using a collection of oligonucleotides that sequester closely related sequences in solution, and thus allow only the mutated sequence to bind to a chip-based sensor. We demonstrate excellent levels of sensitivity and specificity and show that the clamp assay accurately detects mutated sequences in a collection of samples taken from lung cancer and melanoma patients.
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Rackus DG, Dryden MDM, Lamanna J, Zaragoza A, Lam B, Kelley SO, Wheeler AR. A digital microfluidic device with integrated nanostructured microelectrodes for electrochemical immunoassays. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:3776-84. [PMID: 26247922 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00660k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured microelectrodes (NMEs) are three-dimensional electrodes that have superb sensitivity for electroanalysis. Here we report the integration of NMEs with the versatile fluid-handling system digital microfluidics (DMF), for eventual application to distributed diagnostics outside of the laboratory. In the new methods reported here, indium tin oxide DMF top plates were modified to include Au NMEs as well as counter and pseudoreference electrodes. The new system was observed to outperform planar sensing electrodes of the type that are typically integrated with DMF. A rubella virus (RV) IgG immunoassay was developed to evaluate the diagnostic potential for the new system, relying on magnetic microparticles coated with RV particles and analysis by differential pulse voltammetry. The limit of detection of the assay (0.07 IU mL(-1)) was >100× below the World Health Organization defined cut-off for rubella immunity. The sensitivity of the integrated device and its small size suggest future utility for distributed diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius G Rackus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
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