1
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Synthesis of cyclodextrin derivatives for enantiodifferentiating photocyclodimerization of 2-anthracenecarboxylate. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:2494-2516. [PMID: 36045225 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-022-00722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical methods are increasingly being used in organic synthesis. They are especially useful for preparing many compounds that are not readily accessible through thermal or enzymatic reactions. The supramolecular strategy has proved highly promising in recent years for manipulating the stereochemical outcome of chiral photoreactions through relatively strong and long-lasting noncovalent interactions in both ground and excited states. Among the numerous chiral photochemical reactions, photocyclodimerization of 2-anthracenecarboxylate (AC) is the most comprehensively studied supramolecular chiral photoreaction and has essentially become a benchmark reaction for evaluating supramolecular photochirogenesis. Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives were the earliest and are the most widely applied chiral host for mediating photoreactions. Herein, we use CD-mediated photocyclodimerization of AC as an example to introduce the operation process of supramolecular chiral photoreactions. The protocol includes the following contents: (i) the preparation, purification and characterization of β-CD derivatives; (ii) methods for investigating the host-guest inclusion behavior between AC and β-CD derivatives; (iii) the photochemical reaction operation flow under different solvent and temperature conditions; (iv) chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses of the product distribution and enantioselectivity. The protocol is introduced by using representative examples of the synthesis of β-CD derivatives and the manipulation of environmental factors that give excellent regio- and enantioselectivities in the photocyclodimerization of AC. The synthesis and purification of β-CD derivatives require 3-5 d of work. The photoirradiation of AC with β-CD derivatives can be done within 1 h. The product analysis requires 5 h.
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2
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Jayawardana SG, Madura EC, García-López V. Photocatalytic molecular containers enable unique reactivity modes in confinement. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Zhao H, Shen FF, Sun JF, Gao ZZ. Cucurbit[8]uril-controlled [2 + 2] photodimerization of styrylpyridinium molecule. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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4
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Eckdahl CT, Ou C, Padgaonkar S, Hersam MC, Weiss EA, Kalow JA. Back electron transfer rates determine the photoreactivity of donor-acceptor stilbene complexes in a macrocyclic host. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6201-6210. [PMID: 35419576 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00472k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Host-guest 2 : 1 complexation of photoreactive alkene guests improves the selectivity of [2 + 2] photodimerizations by templating alkene orientation prior to irradiation. Host-guest chemistry can also provide 1 : 1 : 1 complexes through the inclusion of electronically complementary donor and acceptor guests, but the photoreactivity of such complexes has not been investigated. We imagined that such complexes could enable selective cross-[2 + 2] photocycloadditions between donor and acceptor stilbenes. In pursuit of this strategy, we investigated a series of stilbenes and found 1 : 1 : 1 complexes with cucurbit[8]uril that exhibited charge-transfer (CT) absorption bands in the visible and near-IR regions. Irradiation of the CT band of an azastilbene, 4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylate, and cucurbit[8]uril ternary complex led to a selective cross-[2 + 2] photocycloaddition, while other substrate pairs exhibited no productive chemistry upon CT excitation. Using transient absorption spectroscopy, we were able to understand the variable photoreactivity of different stilbene donor-acceptor complexes. We found that back electron transfer following CT excitation of the photoreactive complex is positioned deep in the Marcus inverted region due to electrostatic stabilization of the ground state, allowing [2 + 2] to effectively compete with this relaxation pathway. Control reactions revealed that the cucurbit[8]uril host not only serves to template the reaction from the ground state, but also protects the long-lived radical ions formed by CT from side reactions. This protective role of the host suggests that donor-acceptor host-guest ternary complexes could be used to improve existing CT-initiated photochemistry or access new reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carrie Ou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Suyog Padgaonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Emily A Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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5
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Zhang J, Sun J, Yang B, Gao Z. Constructing Synergistic Covalent and Supramolecular Polymers by Combining Photodimerization with Host‐guest Interactions. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology 579 Qianwangang Road Qingdao 266590 PR China
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Ji‐Fu Sun
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology 579 Qianwangang Road Qingdao 266590 PR China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Zhong‐Zheng Gao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology 579 Qianwangang Road Qingdao 266590 PR China
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6
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Liu J, Lambert H, Zhang YW, Lee TC. Rapid Estimation of Binding Constants for Cucurbit[8]uril Ternary Complexes Using Electrochemistry. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4223-4230. [PMID: 33595296 PMCID: PMC8023530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Supramolecular complexes
are of fundamental interests in biomedicines
and adaptive materials, and thus facile methods to determine their
binding affinity show usefulness in the design of novel drugs and
materials. Herein, we report a novel approach to estimate the binding
constants KG2 of cucurbit[8]uril-methyl
viologen-based ternary complexes (CB8-MV2+-G2) using electrochemistry,
achieving high precision (±0.03) and practical accuracy (±0.32)
in logKG2 and short measurement time (<10
min). In particular, we have uncovered a linear correlation (R2 > 0.8) between the reduction potential
of
CB8-MV2+-G2 ternary complexes and their reported binding
constants from isothermal titration calorimetry, which allow a calibration
curve to be plotted based on 25 sample complexes. Mechanistic investigation
using experimental and computational approaches reveals that this
correlation stems from the dynamic host-guest exchange events occurring
after the electron transfer step. Binding constants of unknown ternary
complexes, where G2 = hydrocarbons, were estimated, illustrating potential
applications for sparsely soluble second guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London (UCL), Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hugues Lambert
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London (UCL), Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom.,Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - Tung-Chun Lee
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London (UCL), Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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7
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Wang Q, Liu MC, Sun WQ, Lin RL, Liu JX. Electron transfer photochromism of solid-state supramolecules constructed by cucurbit[ n]uril ( n = 5–8) and 1-(4-carboxybenzyl)-4-[2-(4-pyridyl)-vinyl]-pyridinium chloride. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04292k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state supramolecular complexes of a bispyridinium ethylene derivative with cucurbit[n = 5–8]uril exhibit fast responsive photochromic properties, which are caused by the electron transfer from the host to the guest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Mei-Chen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Wen-Qi Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Rui-Lian Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Jing-Xin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
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8
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Yadav S, Kannan P, Qiu G. Cavity-based applications of metallo-supramolecular coordination cages (MSCCs). Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00681e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This review describes cavity-based applications of cage-like SCCs such as molecular recognition and separation, stabilization of reactive species by encapsulation, as drug delivery systems and as molecular flasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Yadav
- College of Biological
- Chemical Science and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001
- P. R. China
| | - Palanisamy Kannan
- College of Biological
- Chemical Science and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001
- P. R. China
| | - Guanyinsheng Qiu
- College of Biological
- Chemical Science and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001
- P. R. China
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9
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10
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Niu J, Chen Y, Liu Y. Supramolecular hydrogel with tunable multi-color and white-light fluorescence from sulfato-β-cyclodextrin and aminoclay. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:3493-3496. [PMID: 30932126 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00450e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A multi-color-tunable supramolecular hydrogel is constructed from aminoclay (AC), sulfato-β-cyclodextrin (SCD), and 4-methyl-styrylpyridinium (SP), in which the SCD⊃SP complex emits monomer fluorescence, and AC provides a restricted environment for excimer emission. The emission color of the supramolecular hydrogel can be tuned from yellow → white → blue by adjusting the SCD/SP molar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Niu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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11
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Ma L, An Y, Sun L, Wang Y, Hahn FE, Han Y. Supramolecular Control of Photocycloadditions in Solution: In Situ Stereoselective Synthesis and Release of Cyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Li‐Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yao‐Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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12
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Ma L, An Y, Sun L, Wang Y, Hahn FE, Han Y. Supramolecular Control of Photocycloadditions in Solution: In Situ Stereoselective Synthesis and Release of Cyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3986-3991. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Li‐Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yao‐Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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13
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Vedernikov AI, Lobova NA, Kuz’mina LG, Fomina MV, Strelenko YA, Howard JAK, Gromov SP. Self-assembly of cucurbiturils and cyclodextrins to supramolecular millstones with naphthalene derivatives capable of translocations in the host cavities. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04685a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Naphthylpyridine derivatives and cavitands form inclusive complexes of different structure and stoichiometry; the guests are capable of translocations within cucurbit[7,8]uril cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem I. Vedernikov
- Photochemistry Center of RAS
- FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421
- Russian Federation
| | - Natalia A. Lobova
- Photochemistry Center of RAS
- FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421
- Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila G. Kuz’mina
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - Marina V. Fomina
- Photochemistry Center of RAS
- FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421
- Russian Federation
| | - Yuri A. Strelenko
- N. D. Zelinskiy Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | | | - Sergey P. Gromov
- Photochemistry Center of RAS
- FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics”
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421
- Russian Federation
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14
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Kang B, Lee JY, Kang S. Theoretically Predicted New Multicyclic Compound by Stilbene Dimer. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baotao Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; University of Jinan; Jinan 250022 China
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 South Korea
| | - Sunwoo Kang
- Display Research Center; Samsung Display Co.; Yongin South Korea
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15
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Wei X, Wu W, Matsushita R, Yan Z, Zhou D, Chruma JJ, Nishijima M, Fukuhara G, Mori T, Inoue Y, Yang C. Supramolecular Photochirogenesis Driven by Higher-Order Complexation: Enantiodifferentiating Photocyclodimerization of 2-Anthracenecarboxylate to Slipped Cyclodimers via a 2:2 Complex with β-Cyclodextrin. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3959-3974. [PMID: 29437396 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chiral slipped 5,8:9',10'-cyclodimers were preferentially produced over classical 9,10:9',10'-cyclodimers upon supramolecular photocyclodimerization of 2-anthracenecarboxylate (AC) mediated by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). This photochirogenic route to the slipped cyclodimers, exclusively head-to-tail (HT) and highly enantioselective, has long been overlooked in foregoing studies but is dominant in reality and is absolutely supramolecularly activated by 2:2 complexation of AC with β-CD. The intricate structural and photophysical aspects of this higher-order complexation-triggered process have been comprehensively elucidated, while the absolute configurations of the slipped cyclodimers have been unambiguously assigned by comparing the experimental and theoretical circular dichroism spectra. In the 2:2 complex, two ACs packed in a dual β-CD capsule are not fully overlapped with each other but are only partially stacked in a slipped anti- or syn-HT manner. Hence, they do not spontaneously cyclodimerize upon photoexcitation but instead emit long-lived excimer fluorescence at wavelengths slightly longer than the monomer fluorescence, indicating that the slipped excimer is neither extremely reactive nor completely relaxed in conformation and energy. Because of the slipped conformation of the AC pair in the soft capsule, the subsequent photocyclodimerization becomes manipulable by various internal or external factors, such as temperature, pressure, added salt, and host modification, enabling us to exclusively obtain the slipped cyclodimers with high regio- and enantioselectivities. In this supramolecularly driven photochirogenesis, the dual β-CD capsule functions as a chiral organophotocatalyst to trigger and accelerate the nonclassical photochirogenic route to slipped cyclodimers by preorganizing the conformation of the encapsulated AC pair, formally mimicking a catalytic antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dayang Zhou
- Comprehensive Analysis Center, ISIR , Osaka University , Mihogaoka , Ibaraki 567-0047 , Japan
| | | | | | - Gaku Fukuhara
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 Ookayama , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8551 , Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Masson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ohio University Athens, Ohio 45701 USA
| | - Mersad Raeisi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ohio University Athens, Ohio 45701 USA
| | - Kondalarao Kotturi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Ohio University Athens, Ohio 45701 USA
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17
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Pattabiraman M, Sivaguru J, Ramamurthy V. Cucurbiturils as Reaction Containers for Photocycloaddition of Olefins. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jayaraman Sivaguru
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green, OH USA
| | - V. Ramamurthy
- Department of Chemistry University of Miami Coral Gables, FL USA
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18
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Li SH, Xu X, Zhou Y, Zhao Q, Liu Y. Reversibly Tunable White-Light Emissions of Styrylpyridiniums with Cucurbiturils in Aqueous Solution. Org Lett 2017; 19:6650-6653. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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19
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Roy B, Devaraj A, Saha R, Jharimune S, Chi KW, Mukherjee PS. Catalytic Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reactions by Using a Discrete Molecular Architecture. Chemistry 2017; 23:15704-15712. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Roy
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
| | - Anthonisamy Devaraj
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
| | - Rupak Saha
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
| | - Suprita Jharimune
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Ulsan; Ulsan 680-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Department; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore- 560012 India
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20
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Becher J, Berdnikova DV, Dzubiel D, Ihmels H, Pithan PM. Interactions between photoacidic 3-hydroxynaphtho[1,2- b]quinolizinium and cucurbit[7]uril: Influence on acidity in the ground and excited state. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:203-212. [PMID: 28228861 PMCID: PMC5301965 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxynaphtho[1,2-b]quinolizinium was synthesized by cyclodehydration route and its optical properties in different media were investigated. The absorption and emission spectra of this compound depend on the pH of the solution. Thus, at higher pH values the deprotonation yields a merocyanine-type dye that exhibits significantly red-shifted absorption bands and causes a dual emisson, i.e., a combination of emission bands of the hydroxyquinolizinium and its deprotonated form. Whereas this compound is a weak acid in the ground state (pKa = 7.9), it has a strongly increased acidity in the excited state (pKa* = 0.4). As a result, the blue-shifted fluorescence of the hydroxyquinolizinium becomes dominant only under strongly acidic conditions. In addition, it is shown that 3-hydroxynaphtho[1,2-b]quinolizinium binds to cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) with moderate affinity (Kb = 1.8 × 104 M-1, pH 5) and that the pKa and pKa* values of this ligand increase by about two to three orders of magnitude, respectively, when bound to CB[7].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Becher
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Daria V Berdnikova
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Darinka Dzubiel
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Heiko Ihmels
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Phil M Pithan
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
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21
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Chen JM, Hou YX, Zhou QK, Zhang H, Liu D. Regiospecific [2+2] photocycloadditions of an unsymmetrical olefin in the solid state based on metal-mediated assemblies. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00573c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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22
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Chen JM, Zhou QK, Hou YX, Liu D. Single-crystal-to-single-crystal conversions of two metal-mediated photoreactive coordination polymers based on stereoselective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01402c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Two stereoselective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions occur in two metal-mediated coordination polymers via single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energetic Materials of Anhui Province
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei 235000
- P. R. China
| | - Qian-Kun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Energetic Materials of Anhui Province
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei 235000
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Energetic Materials of Anhui Province
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei 235000
- P. R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energetic Materials of Anhui Province
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei 235000
- P. R. China
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23
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24
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Gui JC, Yan ZQ, Peng Y, Yi JG, Zhou DY, Su D, Zhong ZH, Gao GW, Wu WH, Yang C. Enhanced head-to-head photodimers in the photocyclodimerization of anthracenecarboxylic acid with a cationic pillar[6]arene. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Ramamurthy V, Sivaguru J. Supramolecular Photochemistry as a Potential Synthetic Tool: Photocycloaddition. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9914-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jayaraman Sivaguru
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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26
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Ahmed SA, Chatterjee A, Maity B, Seth D. Surfactants induced release of a red emitting dye from the nanocavity of a molecular container: A spectroscopic and calorimetric study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2016; 161:59-70. [PMID: 27208747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular interaction of a red emitting dye Nile blue A (NBA) with Cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) in aqueous solution was studied and the release of the dye from the hydrophobic cavity of CB7 was reported. To investigate the supramolecular host-guest complex formation and release of dye, we have used the steady state absorption, fluorescence and time resolved fluorescence emission spectroscopy, (1)H NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The spectral properties of NBA were changed in the presence of CB7. The change in spectral features of NBA in presence of CB7 indicates the formation of supramolecular host-guest complexes. By using the SED equation the diameter of the complex was estimated. The complex formation further affirmed by the (1)H NMR study. Upfield and downfield shifts of the protons of NBA was observed in both the aliphatic and aromatic region. From the ITC measurement, we have drawn up the forces involved for the complexation of NBA with CB7. We have studied the release of NBA from the hydrophobic cavity of CB7 by using ionic, neutral surfactants and ionic liquid with the help of spectroscopic and calorimetric techniques. It is observed that on addition of SDS and ionic liquid (<cmc) ion-pair formation takes place between NBA and surfactant monomer whereas, it was not observed for neutral and cationic surfactant. Above cmc of the surfactants, complex is formed between NBA and micelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeed Ashique Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801103, Bihar, India
| | - Aninda Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801103, Bihar, India
| | - Banibrata Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801103, Bihar, India
| | - Debabrata Seth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801103, Bihar, India.
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27
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Doi T, Kashida H, Asanuma H. Efficiency of [2 + 2] photodimerization of various stilbene derivatives within the DNA duplex scaffold. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:4430-7. [PMID: 25689316 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02520b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A DNA duplex was used as a scaffold to evaluate the intrinsic reactivity of [2 + 2] photodimerization between stilbene derivatives; the duplex pre-organizes the substrates avoiding the need for an association step. Unmodified stilbenes were first introduced at base-pairing positions on complementary DNA strands. The duplex was then irradiated with 340 nm UV light. HPLC analyses revealed that [2 + 2] photodimerization proceeded rapidly without side reactions. Thus, it was confirmed that the DNA duplex could be used as an ideal scaffold for [2 + 2] photodimerization of stilbenes. Next, we examined homo-photodimerization abilities of various stilbene derivatives. Homo-photodimerization of p-cyanostilbene, p-methylstilbazolium, and p-stilbazole occurred efficiently, whereas homo-photodimerization of p-dimethylaminostilbene and p-nitrostilbene did not proceed at all, probably because the reaction was quenched by dimethylamino and nitro groups. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations revealed that excitation energy was correlated with quantum yield. We further investigated hetero-photodimerization. These reactions were made possible by the use of two complementary oligodeoxyribonucleotides tethering different stilbene derivatives. Reactivities in hetero-photodimerization were highly dependent on the combination of derivatives. A high correlation was observed between the quantum yields and energy gaps of HOMO and LUMO between reactive derivatives. Unexpectedly, nitrostilbene, which was non-reactive in homo-photodimerization, cross-reacted with p-methylstilbazolium and p-stilbazole, both of which had close HOMO or LUMO with nitrostilbene. Evaluation of the intrinsic reactivity of homo- and hetero-photodimerization of stilbene derivatives was made possible by the use of DNA as a scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Doi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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28
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Barrow SJ, Kasera S, Rowland MJ, del Barrio J, Scherman OA. Cucurbituril-Based Molecular Recognition. Chem Rev 2015; 115:12320-406. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1188] [Impact Index Per Article: 132.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Barrow
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Setu Kasera
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Rowland
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jesús del Barrio
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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29
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Ushakov EN, Gromov SP. Supramolecular methods for controlling intermolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition reactions of unsaturated compounds in solutions. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Mondal B, Zhang T, Prabhakar R, Captain B, Ramamurthy V. Role of hydrogen bonds in molecular packing of photoreactive crystals: templating photodimerization of protonated stilbazoles in crystalline state with a combination of water molecules and chloride ions. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 13:1509-20. [PMID: 25096970 DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00221k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A difference in photobehavior and molecular packing between hydrated and anhydrous crystals of protonated trans-stilbazoles has been identified. While stilbazoles are not photoreactive in the crystalline state, upon protonation with HCl in the solid state they dimerized to a single dimer (anti-head-tail) when exposed to UV light. In these photoreactive crystals the protonated stilbazole molecules are arranged in a ladder-like format with the rungs made up of water molecules and chloride ions. A combination of water and chloride ion holds the protonated trans-stilbazoles through either N-HO or N-HCl(-) interactions. Anhydrous protonated stilbazole crystals prepared by heating the 'wet' crystals under reduced pressure were inert upon exposure to UV light. As per X-ray crystal structure analyses these light stable crystals did not contain water molecules in their lattice. The current investigation has established that water molecules are essential for photodimerization of crystalline protonated trans-stilbazoles. To compare the reactivity of protonated trans-stilbazoles with that of protonated cis-stilbazoles, photoreactivity and packing arrangement of cis-4-iodo stilbazole·HCl salt was examined. This molecule in the crystalline state only isomerized to the trans isomer and did not dimerize. Thus, while the trans isomer dimerized and did not isomerize, the cis isomer only isomerized and did not dimerize in the crystalline state. To probe the role of cationπ interaction in the packing of protonated trans-stilbazoles, energies of various types of packing in the gas phase were estimated by MP-2 calculations and cationπ interaction was found to be unimportant in the packing of protonated trans-stilbazole crystals investigated here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnali Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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31
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Ramamurthy V, Mondal B. Supramolecular photochemistry concepts highlighted with select examples. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Vallavoju N, Sivaguru J. Supramolecular photocatalysis: combining confinement and non-covalent interactions to control light initiated reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 43:4084-101. [PMID: 24705505 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60471c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Using non-bonding interactions to control photochemical reactions requires an understanding of not only thermodynamics and kinetics of ground state and excited state processes but also the intricate interactions that dictate the dynamics within the system of interest. This review is geared towards a conceptual understanding of how one can control the reactivity and selectivity in the excited state by employing confinement and non-covalent interactions. Photochemical reactivity of organic molecules within confined containers and organized assemblies as well as organic templates that interact through H-bonding and/or cation-carbonyl/cation-π interactions is reviewed with an eye towards understanding supramolecular effects and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Vallavoju
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.
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33
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Han YF, Jin GX, Daniliuc CG, Hahn FE. Reversible Photochemical Modifications in Dicarbene-Derived Metallacycles with Coumarin Pendants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4958-62. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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34
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Han YF, Jin GX, Daniliuc CG, Hahn FE. Reversible photochemische Modifikationen an Metallacyclen aus Dicarbenen mit Cumarinsubstituenten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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35
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Ramamurthy V, Gupta S. Supramolecular photochemistry: from molecular crystals to water-soluble capsules. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:119-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical and photophysical behavior of molecules in supramolecular assemblies are different and more selective than in gas and isotropic solution phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Ramamurthy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Miami
- Coral Gables
- USA
| | - Shipra Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Miami
- Coral Gables
- USA
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36
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Assaf KI, Nau WM. Cucurbiturils: from synthesis to high-affinity binding and catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:394-418. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00273c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 922] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Major developments in the synthesis of cucurbiturils and applications related to their high-affinity binding and catalysis have recently taken place.
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37
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Bhogala BR, Captain B, Ramamurthy V. Comparison of Templating Abilities of Urea and Thioruea During Photodimerization of Bipyridylethyelene and Stilbazole Crystals. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 91:696-704. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Burjor Captain
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables FL
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38
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Zhao G, Wang Z, Wang R, Li J, Zou D, Wu Y. Cucurbit[7]uril promoting PdCl2-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of benzyl halides and arylboronic acids in aqueous media. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Roymon Joseph
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Eric Masson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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40
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Biedermann F, Ross I, Scherman OA. Host–guest accelerated photodimerisation of anthracene-labeled macromolecules in water. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00627e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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41
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Zakharova GV, Zhizhimov DA, Avakyan VG, Sazonov SK, Gromov SP, Chibisov AK. Specificity of photonics of 3,3′-diethyl-5,5′-dichloro-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine dimers in the presence of cucurbit[7]uril. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143914020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Kuz'mina LG, Vedernikov AI, Churakov AV, Lermontova EK, Howard JAK, Alfimov MV, Gromov SP. Influence of the anion nature on styryl dye crystal packing and feasibility of the direct and back [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions without single crystal degradation. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By X-ray diffractometry, [2 + 2]-photocycloaddition reaction and its back reaction were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila G. Kuz'mina
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Artem I. Vedernikov
- Photochemistry Centre
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Elmira Kh. Lermontova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Judith A. K. Howard
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Durham
- Science Laboratories
- Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Michael V. Alfimov
- Photochemistry Centre
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey P. Gromov
- Photochemistry Centre
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119421, Russian Federation
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43
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Yang H, Ma Z, Wang Z, Zhang X. Fabricating covalently attached hyperbranched polymers by combining photochemistry with supramolecular polymerization. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Bibal B, Mongin C, Bassani DM. Template effects and supramolecular control of photoreactions in solution. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4179-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60366k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Raynal M, Ballester P, Vidal-Ferran A, van Leeuwen PWNM. Supramolecular catalysis. Part 2: artificial enzyme mimics. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 43:1734-87. [PMID: 24365792 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60037h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 665] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The design of artificial catalysts able to compete with the catalytic proficiency of enzymes is an intense subject of research. Non-covalent interactions are thought to be involved in several properties of enzymatic catalysis, notably (i) the confinement of the substrates and the active site within a catalytic pocket, (ii) the creation of a hydrophobic pocket in water, (iii) self-replication properties and (iv) allosteric properties. The origins of the enhanced rates and high catalytic selectivities associated with these properties are still a matter of debate. Stabilisation of the transition state and favourable conformations of the active site and the product(s) are probably part of the answer. We present here artificial catalysts and biomacromolecule hybrid catalysts which constitute good models towards the development of truly competitive artificial enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Raynal
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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46
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Taylor R, Coulston RJ, Biedermann F, Mahajan S, Baumberg JJ, Scherman OA. In situ SERS monitoring of photochemistry within a nanojunction reactor. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:5985-90. [PMID: 24188432 PMCID: PMC3883114 DOI: 10.1021/nl403164c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a powerful SERS-nanoreactor concept composed of self-assembled gold nanoparticles (AuNP) linked by the sub-nm macrocycle cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]). The CB[n] functions simultaneously as a nanoscale reaction vessel, sequestering and templating a photoreaction within, and also as a powerful SERS-transducer through the large field enhancements generated within the nanojunctions that CB[n]s define. Through the enhanced Raman fingerprint, the real-time SERS-monitoring of a prototypical stilbene photoreaction is demonstrated. By choosing the appropriate CB[n] nanoreactor, selective photoisomerism or photodimerization is monitored in situ from within the AuNP-CB[n] nanogap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard
W. Taylor
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Roger J. Coulston
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Sumeet Mahajan
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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47
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Yang H, Liu Y, Liu K, Yang L, Wang Z, Zhang X. Rational adjustment of multicolor emissions by cucurbiturils-based host-guest chemistry and photochemistry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:12909-14. [PMID: 23927076 DOI: 10.1021/la4025102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The host-guest chemistry of cucurbiturils and the photochemistry of azastilbene derivatives are combined for the rationally adjusting multicolor emissions through forming different host-guest complexes and their corresponding photochemical products. Cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) can bind with azastilbene derivatives to form supramolecular polymers emitting orange light. The supramolecular polymers further facilitate the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of C═C bonds in azastilbenes by UV irradiation, emitting blue light. Different from CB[8], cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) encapsulates azastilbene derivatives to form a dumbbell-shaped host-guest complex, emitting dark-purple light. This dumbbell-shaped host-guest complex undergoes cis-isomerization after UV irradiation, thus emitting green light. Therefore, this strategy is promising for fabricating advanced stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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48
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[2+2] Photodimerization of bispyridylethylenes by a controlled shift of the protonation equilibrium. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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49
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50
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Han YF, Jin GX, Hahn FE. Postsynthetic Modification of Dicarbene-Derived Metallacycles via Photochemical [2 + 2] Cycloaddition. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9263-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4032067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Feng Han
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433,
P. R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433,
P. R. China
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
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