1
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Hurtado C, MacGregor M, Chen K, Ciampi S. Schottky Diode Leakage Current Fluctuations: Electrostatically Induced Flexoelectricity in Silicon. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403524. [PMID: 39119931 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Nearly four decades have passed since IBM scientists pioneered atomic force microscopy (AFM) by merging the principles of a scanning tunneling microscope with the features of a stylus profilometer. Today, electrical AFM modes are an indispensable asset within the semiconductor and nanotechnology industries, enabling the characterization and manipulation of electrical properties at the nanoscale. However, electrical AFM measurements suffer from reproducibility issues caused, for example, by surface contaminations, Joule heating, and hard-to-minimize tip drift and tilt. Using as experimental system nanoscale Schottky diodes assembled on oxide-free silicon crystals of precisely defined surface chemistry, it is revealed that voltage-dependent adhesion forces lead to significant rotation of the AFM platinum tip. The electrostatics-driven tip rotation causes a strain gradient on the silicon surface, which induces a flexoelectric reverse bias term. This directional flexoelectric internal-bias term adds to the external (instrumental) bias, causing both an increased diode leakage as well as a shift of the diode knee voltage to larger forward biases. These findings will aid the design and characterization of silicon-based devices, especially those that are deliberately operated under large strain or shear, such as in emerging energy harvesting technologies including Schottky-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hurtado
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
| | - Melanie MacGregor
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
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2
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Duan W, Zhao J, Gao Y, Xu K, Huang S, Zeng L, Shen JW, Zheng Y, Wu J. Porous silicon-based sensing and delivery platforms for wound management applications. J Control Release 2024; 371:530-554. [PMID: 38857787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Wound management remains a great challenge for clinicians due to the complex physiological process of wound healing. Porous silicon (PSi) with controlled pore morphology, abundant surface chemistry, unique photonic properties, good biocompatibility, easy biodegradation and potential bioactivity represent an exciting class of materials for various biomedical applications. In this review, we focus on the recent progress of PSi in the design of advanced sensing and delivery systems for wound management applications. Firstly, we comprehensively introduce the common type, normal healing process, delaying factors and therapeutic drugs of wound healing. Subsequently, the typical fabrication, functionalization and key characteristics of PSi have been summarized because they provide the basis for further use as biosensing and delivery materials in wound management. Depending on these properties, the rise of PSi materials is evidenced by the examples in literature in recent years, which has emphasized the robust potential of PSi for wound monitoring, treatment and theranostics. Finally, challenges and opportunities for the future development of PSi-based sensors and delivery systems for wound management applications are proposed and summarized. We hope that this review will help readers to better understand current achievements and future prospects on PSi-based sensing and delivery systems for advanced wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Lab of Nanomedicine and Omic-based Diagnostics, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Lab of Nanomedicine and Omic-based Diagnostics, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yue Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Keying Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Sheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Longhuan Zeng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Jia-Wei Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China.
| | - Yongke Zheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Lab of Nanomedicine and Omic-based Diagnostics, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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3
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Hurtado C, Andreoli T, Le Brun AP, MacGregor M, Darwish N, Ciampi S. Galinstan Liquid Metal Electrical Contacts for Monolayer-Modified Silicon Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:201-210. [PMID: 38101331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Galinstan is the brand name for a low-melting gallium-based alloy, which is a promising nontoxic alternative to mercury, the only elemental metal found in the liquid state at room temperature. Liquid alloys such as Galinstan have found applications as electromechanical actuators, sensors, and soft contacts for molecular electronics. In this work, we validate the scope of Galinstan top contacts to probe the electrical characteristics of Schottky junctions made on Si(111) and Si(211) crystals modified with Si-C-bound organic monolayers. We show that the surface-to-volume ratio of the Galinstan drop used as a macroscopic contact defines the junction stability. Further, we explore chemical strategies to increase Galinstan surface tension to obtain control over the junction area, hence improving the repeatability and reproducibility of current-voltage (I-V) measurements. We explore Galinstan top contacts as a means to monitor changes in rectification ratios caused by surface reactions and use these data, most notably the static junction leakage, toward making qualitative predictions on the DC outputs recorded when these semiconductor systems are incorporated in Schottky-based triboelectric nanogenerators. We found that the introduction of iron particles leads to poor data repeatability for capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements but has only a small negative impact in a dynamic current measurement (I-V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hurtado
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Tony Andreoli
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Anton P Le Brun
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Melanie MacGregor
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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4
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Li T, Peiris CR, Aragonès AC, Hurtado C, Kicic A, Ciampi S, MacGregor M, Darwish T, Darwish N. Terminal Deuterium Atoms Protect Silicon from Oxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47833-47844. [PMID: 37768872 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the hybrid silicon-molecular electronics technology has been gaining significant attention for applications in sensors, photovoltaics, power generation, and molecular electronics devices. However, Si-H surfaces, which are the platforms on which these devices are formed, are prone to oxidation, compromising the mechanical and electronic stability of the devices. Here, we show that when hydrogen is replaced by deuterium, the Si-D surface becomes significantly more resistant to oxidation when either positive or negative voltages are applied to the Si surface. Si-D surfaces are more resistant to oxidation, and their current-voltage characteristics are more stable than those measured on Si-H surfaces. At positive voltages, the Si-D stability appears to be related to the flat band potential of Si-D being more positive compared to Si-H surfaces, making Si-D surfaces less attractive to oxidizing OH- ions. The limited oxidation of Si-D surfaces at negative potentials is interpreted by the frequencies of the Si-D bending modes being coupled to that of the bulk Si surface phonon modes, which would make the duration of the Si-D excited vibrational state significantly less than that of Si-H. The strong surface isotope effect has implications in the design of silicon-based sensing, molecular electronics, and power-generation devices and the interpretation of charge transfer across them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiexin Li
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Chandramalika R Peiris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Albert C Aragonès
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTC), Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Hurtado
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Melanie MacGregor
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Tamim Darwish
- National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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5
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Shin J, Eo JS, Jeon T, Lee T, Wang G. Advances of Various Heterogeneous Structure Types in Molecular Junction Systems and Their Charge Transport Properties. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202399. [PMID: 35975456 PMCID: PMC9596861 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Molecular electronics that can produce functional electronic circuits using a single molecule or molecular ensemble remains an attractive research field because it not only represents an essential step toward realizing ultimate electronic device scaling but may also expand our understanding of the intrinsic quantum transports at the molecular level. Recently, in order to overcome the difficulties inherent in the conventional approach to studying molecular electronics and developing functional device applications, this field has attempted to diversify the electrical characteristics and device architectures using various types of heterogeneous structures in molecular junctions. This review summarizes recent efforts devoted to functional devices with molecular heterostructures. Diverse molecules and materials can be combined and incorporated in such two- and three-terminal heterojunction structures, to achieve desirable electronic functionalities. The heterojunction structures, charge transport mechanisms, and possible strategies for implementing electronic functions using various hetero unit materials are presented sequentially. In addition, the applicability and merits of molecular heterojunction structures, as well as the anticipated challenges associated with their implementation in device applications are discussed and summarized. This review will contribute to a deeper understanding of charge transport through molecular heterojunction, and it may pave the way toward desirable electronic functionalities in molecular electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Shin
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Korea
- Department of ChemistryRice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTexas77005United States
| | - Jung Sun Eo
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Korea
| | - Takgyeong Jeon
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Korea
| | - Takhee Lee
- Department of Physics and AstronomyInstitute of Applied PhysicsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Korea
| | - Gunuk Wang
- KU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul02841Korea
- Department of Integrative Energy EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul02841Korea
- Center for Neuromorphic EngineeringKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul02792Korea
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6
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Li T, Dief EM, Kalužná Z, MacGregor M, Foroutan-Nejad C, Darwish N. On-Surface Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Does It Click with Ruthenium Catalysts? LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5532-5541. [PMID: 35470670 PMCID: PMC9097529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its simplicity, selectivity, high yield, and the absence of byproducts, the "click" azide-alkyne reaction is widely used in many areas. The reaction is usually catalyzed by copper(I), which selectively produces the 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole regioisomer. Ruthenium-based catalysts were later developed to selectively produce the opposite regioselectivity─the 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole isomer. Ruthenium-based catalysis, however, remains only tested for click reactions in solution, and the suitability of ruthenium catalysts for surface-based click reactions remains unknown. Also unknown are the electrical properties of the 1,4- and 1,5-regioisomers, and to measure them, both isomers need to be assembled on the electrode surface. Here, we test whether ruthenium catalysts can be used to catalyze surface azide-alkyne reactions to produce 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole, and compare their electrochemical properties, in terms of surface coverages and electron transfer kinetics, to those of the compound formed by copper catalysis, 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole isomer. Results show that ruthenium(II) complexes catalyze the click reaction on surfaces yielding the 1,5-disubstituted isomer, but the rate of the reaction is remarkably slower than that of the copper-catalyzed reaction, and this is related to the size of the catalyst involved as an intermediate in the reaction. The electron transfer rate constant (ket) for the ruthenium-catalyzed reaction is 30% of that measured for the copper-catalyzed 1,4-isomer. The lower conductivity of the 1,5-isomer is confirmed by performing nonequilibrium Green's function computations on relevant model systems. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of ruthenium-based catalysis of surface click reactions and point toward an electrical method for detecting the isomers of click reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiexin Li
- School
of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Essam M. Dief
- School
of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Zlatica Kalužná
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224Warsaw, Poland
- University
of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Pasteura 5, 00-092Warsaw, Poland
| | - Melanie MacGregor
- Flinders
Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Bedford
Park, South Australia5042, Australia
| | - Cina Foroutan-Nejad
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224Warsaw, Poland
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech
Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, CZ-16610Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School
of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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7
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Shin JH, Han GY, Kim HJ. Latent, Cross-Linkable Triazole Platform on a Carbon Fiber Surface for Enhancing Interfacial Cross-Linking within Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12803-12815. [PMID: 35474824 PMCID: PMC9026132 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A long-running need in carbon fiber composite production is to ameliorate interfacial adhesion between the polymer and carbon fibers. Here, we present a convenient and feasible strategy for controlling the carbon fiber's surface in a continuous process: syntheses of click-modified silanes via copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction and grafting them onto fiber surfaces which prepare a latent curable platform under mild processes without postmodification. As 1,2,3-triazole moieties from the click reaction were added to the epoxy/dicyandiamide system, they triggered additional reactions in the later conversion stage; approximately, a 20% increase in the total reaction enthalpy compared to the system with no additives was obtained. We expected the enhanced cross-linking between the surface and matrix to expand the interfacial area, leading to reinforcements on interfacial adhesion and stress-transfer abilities within composites. The merit of the approach is well-demonstrated by conductive atomic force microscopy, showing that the interphase can be extended up to 6-fold when the triazole platform acts as curatives and serve as bridges after the epoxy cure. Consequently, the composite's interfacial shear strength and interlaminar shear strength were increased up to 78 and 72%, respectively. This work affords a reactive platform where a custom-tailored fiber/matrix interface can be designed by virtue of versatility in clickable reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ho Shin
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic
of Korea
| | - Gi-Yeon Han
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joong Kim
- Department
of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic
of Korea
- Research
Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 Republic of
Korea
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8
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Li T, Peiris C, Dief EM, MacGregor M, Ciampi S, Darwish N. Effect of Electric Fields on Silicon-Based Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:2986-2992. [PMID: 35220713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electric fields can induce bond breaking and bond forming, catalyze chemical reactions on surfaces, and change the structure of self-assembled monolayers on electrode surfaces. Here, we study the effect of electric fields supplied either by an electrochemical potential or by conducting atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) on Si-based monolayers. We report that typical monolayers on silicon undergo partial desorption followed by the oxidation of the underneath silicon at +1.5 V vs Ag/AgCl. The monolayer loses 28% of its surface coverage and 55% of its electron transfer rate constant (ket) when +1.5 V electrochemical potential is applied on the Si surface for 10 min. Similarly, a bias voltage of +5 V applied by C-AFM induces complete desorption of the monolayer at specific sites accompanied by an average oxide growth of 2.6 nm when the duration of the bias applied is 8 min. Current-voltage plots progressively change from rectifying, typical of metal-semiconductor junctions, to insulating as the oxide grows. These results define the stability of Si-based organic monolayers toward electric fields and have implication in the design of silicon-based monolayers, molecular electronics devices, and on the interpretation of charge-transfer kinetics across them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiexin Li
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chandramalika Peiris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Essam M Dief
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melanie MacGregor
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Western Australia, Australia
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9
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Zhang S, Lyu X, Hurtado Torres C, Darwish N, Ciampi S. Non-Ideal Cyclic Voltammetry of Redox Monolayers on Silicon Electrodes: Peak Splitting is Caused by Heterogeneous Photocurrents and Not by Molecular Disorder. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:743-750. [PMID: 34989574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, research on redox-active monolayers has consolidated their importance as advanced functional material. For widespread monolayer systems, such as alkanethiols on gold, non-ideal multiple peaks in cyclic voltammetry are generally taken as indication of heterogeneous intermolecular interactions─namely, disorder in the monolayer. Our findings show that, contrary to metals, peak multiplicity of silicon photoelectrodes is not diagnostic of heterogeneous intermolecular microenvironments but is more likely caused by photocurrent being heterogeneous across the monolayer. This work is an important step toward understanding the cause of electrochemical non-idealities in semiconductor electrodes so that these can be prevented and the redox behavior of molecular monolayers, as photocatalytic systems, can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Xin Lyu
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Carlos Hurtado Torres
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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10
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Abstract
This review highlights the hydroelementation reactions of conjugated and separated diynes, which depending on the process conditions, catalytic system, as well as the type of reagents, leads to the formation of various products: enynes, dienes, allenes, polymers, or cyclic compounds. The presence of two triple bonds in the diyne structure makes these compounds important reagents but selective product formation is often difficult owing to problems associated with maintaining appropriate reaction regio- and stereoselectivity. Herein we review this topic to gain knowledge on the reactivity of diynes and to systematise the range of information relating to their use in hydroelementation reactions. The review is divided according to the addition of the E-H (E = Mg, B, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, N, P, O, S, Se, Te) bond to the triple bond(s) in the diyne, as well as to the type of the reagent used, and the product formed. Not only are the hydroelementation reactions comprehensively discussed, but the synthetic potential of the obtained products is also presented. The majority of published research is included within this review, illustrating the potential as well as limitations of these processes, with the intent to showcase the power of these transformations and the obtained products in synthesis and materials chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan.
| | - Jakub Szyling
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan. .,Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Faculty of Chemistry, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adrian Franczyk
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan.
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
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11
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Gan S, Zeng Y, Lu C, Ma C, Wang F, Yang G, Zhang Y, Nie J. Rationally designed conjugated microporous polymers for efficient photocatalytic chemical transformations of isocyanides. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01393b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Click-based conjugated microporous polymers have been rationally designed and prepared for efficient N–H insertion like reaction of aryl isocyanides and photosynthesis of thiocarbamates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolin Gan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Cuifen Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Feiyi Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Guichun Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yuexing Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Junqi Nie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
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12
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Belotti M, Lyu X, Xu L, Halat P, Darwish N, Silvester DS, Goh C, Izgorodina EI, Coote ML, Ciampi S. Experimental Evidence of Long-Lived Electric Fields of Ionic Liquid Bilayers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17431-17440. [PMID: 34657417 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate that ionic liquids can form long-lived double layers, generating electric fields detectable by straightforward open circuit potential (OCP) measurements. In imidazolium-based ionic liquids an external negative voltage pulse leads to an exceedingly stable near-surface dipolar layer, whose field manifests as long-lived (∼1-100 h) discrete plateaus in OCP versus time traces. These plateaus occur within an ionic liquid-specific and sharp potential window, defining a simple experimental method to probe the onset of interfacial ordering phenomena, such as overscreening and crowding. Molecular dynamics modeling reveals that the OCP arises from the alignment of the individual ion dipoles to the external electric field pulse, with the magnitude of the resulting OCP correlating with the product of the projected dipole moment of the cation and the ratio between the cation diffusion coefficient and its volume. Our findings also reveal that a stable overscreened structure is more likely to form if the interface is first forced through crowding, possibly accounting for the scattered literature data on relaxation kinetics of near-surface structures in ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Belotti
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Xin Lyu
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Longkun Xu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Peter Halat
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Debbie S Silvester
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Ching Goh
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | | | - Michelle L Coote
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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13
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Zhang L, Yang X, Li S, Zhang J. Functionalized Silicon Electrodes Toward Electrostatic Catalysis. Front Chem 2021; 9:715647. [PMID: 34386481 PMCID: PMC8353247 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.715647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oriented external electric fields are now emerging as "smart effectors" of chemical changes. The key challenges in experimentally studying electrostatic catalysis are (i) controlling the orientation of fields along the reaction axis and (ii) finely adjusting the magnitudes of electrostatic stimuli. Surface models provide a versatile platform for addressing the direction of electric fields with respect to reactants and balancing the trade-off between the solubility of charged species and the intensity of electric fields. In this mini-review, we present the recent advances that have been investigated of the electrostatic effect on the chemical reaction on the monolayer-functionalized silicon surfaces. We mainly focus on elucidating the mediator/catalysis role of static electric fields induced from either solid/liquid electric double layers at electrode/electrolyte interfaces or space charges in the semiconductors, indicating the electrostatic aspects is of great significance in the semiconductor electrochemistry, redox electroactivity, and chemical bonding. Herein, the functionalization of silicon surfaces allows scientists to explore electrostatic catalysis from nanoscale to mesoscale; most importantly, it provides glimpses of the wide-ranging potentials of oriented electric fields for switching on/off the macroscale synthetic organic electrochemistry and living radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shun Li
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - JianMing Zhang
- Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology (IQST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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14
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Yu X, Zheng H, Lu Y, Shen R, Yan Y, Hao Z, Yang Y, Lin S. Wind driven semiconductor electricity generator with high direct current output based on a dynamic Schottky junction. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19106-19112. [PMID: 35478643 PMCID: PMC9033573 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02308j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
With the fast development of the internet of things (IoTs), distributed sensors are frequently used and small and portable power sources are highly demanded. However, current portable power sources such as lithium batteries have low capacity and need to be replaced or recharged frequently. A portable power source which can continuously generate electrical power in situ will be an ideal solution. Herein, we demonstrate a wind driven semiconductor electricity generator based on a dynamic Schottky junction, which can output a continuous direct current with an average value of 4.4 mA (with a maximum value of 8.4 mA) over 740 seconds. Compared with a previous metal/semiconductor generator, the output current is one thousand times higher. Furthermore, this wind driven generator has been used as a turn counter, due to its stable output, and also to drive a graphene ultraviolet photodetector, which shows a responsivity of 35.8 A W-1 under 365 nm ultraviolet light. Our research provides a feasible method to achieve wind power generation and power supply for distributed sensors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutao Yu
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Haonan Zheng
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yanghua Lu
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Runjiang Shen
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yanfei Yan
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhenzhen Hao
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yiwei Yang
- Electric Power Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid Guangzhou Guangdong 510663 China
| | - Shisheng Lin
- College of Microelectronics, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China .,State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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15
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Dief EM, Vogel YB, Peiris CR, Le Brun AP, Gonçales VR, Ciampi S, Reimers JR, Darwish N. Covalent Linkages of Molecules and Proteins to Si-H Surfaces Formed by Disulfide Reduction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14999-15009. [PMID: 33271017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Thiols and disulfide contacts have been, for decades, key for connecting organic molecules to surfaces and nanoclusters as they form self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on metals such as gold (Au) under mild conditions. In contrast, they have not been similarly deployed on Si owing to the harsh conditions required for monolayer formation. Here, we show that SAMs can be simply formed by dipping Si-H surfaces into dilute solutions of organic molecules or proteins comprising disulfide bonds. We demonstrate that S-S bonds can be spontaneously reduced on Si-H, forming covalent Si-S bonds in the presence of traces of water, and that this grafting can be catalyzed by electrochemical potential. Cyclic disulfide can be spontaneously reduced to form complete monolayers in 1 h, and the reduction can be catalyzed electrochemically to form full surface coverages within 15 min. In contrast, the kinetics of SAM formation of the cyclic disulfide molecule on Au was found to be three-fold slower than that on Si. It is also demonstrated that dilute thiol solutions can form monolayers on Si-H following oxidation to disulfides under ambient conditions; the supply of too much oxygen, however, inhibits SAM formation. The electron transfer kinetics of the Si-S-enabled SAMs on Si-H is comparable to that on Au, suggesting that Si-S contacts are electrically transmissive. We further demonstrate the prospect of this spontaneous disulfide reduction by forming a monolayer of protein azurin on a Si-H surface within 1 h. The direct reduction of disulfides on Si electrodes presents new capabilities for a range of fields, including molecular electronics, for which highly conducting SAM-electrode contacts are necessary and for emerging fields such as biomolecular electronics as disulfide linkages could be exploited to wire proteins between Si electrodes, within the context of the current Si-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam M Dief
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Yan B Vogel
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Chandramalika R Peiris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Anton P Le Brun
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Vinicius R Gonçales
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Reimers
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, School of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
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16
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17
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Younus HA, Zhang Y, Vandichel M, Ahmad N, Laasonen K, Verpoort F, Zhang C, Zhang S. Water Oxidation at Neutral pH using a Highly Active Copper-Based Electrocatalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5088-5099. [PMID: 32667741 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode severely limit hydrogen production at the cathode in water splitting systems. Although electrocatalytic systems based on cheap and earth-abundant copper catalysts have shown promise for water oxidation under basic conditions, only very few examples with high overpotential can be operated under acidic or neutral conditions, even though hydrogen evolution in the latter case is much easier. This work presents an efficient and robust Cu-based molecular catalyst, which self-assembles as a periodic film from its precursors under aqueous conditions on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. This film catalyzes the OER under neutral conditions with impressively low overpotential. In controlled potential electrolysis, a stable catalytic current of 1.0 mA cm-2 can be achieved at only 2.0 V (vs. RHE) and no significant decrease in the catalytic current is observed even after prolonged bulk electrolysis. The catalyst displays first-order kinetics and a single site mechanism for water oxidation with a TOF (kcat ) of 0.6 s-1 . DFT calculations on of the periodic Cu(TCA)2 (HTCA=1-mesityl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acid) film reveal that TCA defects within the film create CuI active sites that provide a low overpotential route for OER, which involves CuI , CuII -OH, CuIII =O and CuII -OOH intermediates and is enabled at a potential of 1.54 V (vs. RHE), requiring an overpotential of 0.31 V. This corresponds well with an overpotential of approximately 0.29 V obtained experimentally for the grown catalytic film after 100 CV cycles at pH 6. However, to reach a higher current density of 1 mA cm-2 , an overpotential of 0.72 V is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein A Younus
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Matthias Vandichel
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Republic of Ireland
- School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, GC University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Kari Laasonen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Francis Verpoort
- Laboratory of Organometallics, Catalysis and Ordered Materials, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Nanophotonics and Optoelectronics Research Center, Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094, P. R. China
| | - Shiguo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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18
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Gonçales VR, Lian J, Gautam S, Tilley RD, Gooding JJ. Functionalized Silicon Electrodes in Electrochemistry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2020; 13:135-158. [PMID: 32289237 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091619-092506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Avoiding the growth of SiOx has been an enduring task for the use of silicon as an electrode material in dynamic electrochemistry. This is because electrochemical assays become unstable when the SiOx levels change during measurements. Moreover, the silicon electrode can be completely passivated for electron transfer if a thick layer of insulating SiOx grows on the surface. As such, the field of silicon electrochemistry was mainly developed by electron-transfer studies in nonaqueous electrolytes and by applications employing SiOx-passivated silicon-electrodes where no DC currents are required to cross the electrode/electrolyte interface. A solution to this challenge began by functionalizing Si-H electrodes with monolayers based on Si-O-Si linkages. These monolayers have proven very efficient to avoid SiOx formation but are not stable for a long-term operation in aqueous electrolytes due to hydrolysis. It was only with the development of self-assembled monolayers based on Si-C linkages that a reliable protection against SiOx formation was achieved, particularly with monolayers based on α,ω-dialkynes. This review discusses in detail how this surface chemistry achieves such protection, the electron-transfer behavior of these monolayer-modified silicon surfaces, and the new opportunities for electrochemical applications in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius R Gonçales
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - Jiaxin Lian
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - Shreedhar Gautam
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australia Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; ,
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19
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Ching JY, Huang BJ, Hsu YT, Khung YL. Anti-Adhesion Behavior from Ring-Strain Amine Cyclic Monolayers Grafted on Silicon (111) Surfaces. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8758. [PMID: 32472042 PMCID: PMC7260185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65710-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this manuscript, a series of amine tagged short cyclic molecules (cyclopropylamine, cyclobutylamine, cyclopentylamine and cyclohexylamine) were thermally grafted onto p-type silicon (111) hydride surfaces via nucleophilic addition. The chemistries of these grafting were verified via XPS, AFM and sessile droplet measurements. Confocal microscopy and cell viability assay was performed on these surfaces incubated for 24 hours with triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB 231), gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS) endometrial adenocarcinoma (Hec1A). All cell types had shown a significant reduction when incubated on these ring-strain cyclic monolayer surfaces than compared to standard controls. The expression level of focal adhesion proteins (vinculin, paxilin, talin and zyxin) were subsequently quantified for all three cell types via qPCR analysis. Cells incubate on these surface grafting were observed to have reduced levels of adhesion protein expression than compared to positive controls (collagen coating and APTES). A potential application of these anti-adhesive surfaces is the maintenance of the chondrocyte phenotype during in-vitro cell expansion. Articular chondrocytes cultured for 6 days on ring strained cyclopropane-modified surfaces was able to proliferate but had maintained a spheroid/aggregated phenotype with higher COL2A1 and ACAN gene expression. Herein, these findings had help promote grafting of cyclic monolayers as an viable alternative for producing antifouling surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yuan Ching
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Brian J Huang
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.,Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yit Lung Khung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
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20
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Komeda J, Shiotsuki R, Rapakousiou A, Sakamoto R, Toyoda R, Iwase K, Tsuji M, Kamiya K, Nishihara H. 'Click' conjugated porous polymer nanofilm with a large domain size created by a liquid/liquid interfacial protocol. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3677-3680. [PMID: 32118239 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00360c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A liquid/liquid interfacial method is used to synthesize a conjugated porous polymer nanofilm with a large domain size. Copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between a triangular terminal alkyne and azide monomers at a water/dichloromethane interface generates a 1,2,3-triazole-linked polymer nanofilm featuring a large aspect ratio and robustness against heat and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Komeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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21
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Nobusawa K, Sabani NB, Takei F, Nakatani K, Yamashita I. Hydrolytically Stable Monolayers Derived from Epoxy Silane. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Nobusawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Norhayati Binti Sabani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Fumie Takei
- National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakatani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamashita
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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22
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Mateos-Gil J, Calbo J, Rodríguez-Pérez L, Ángeles Herranz M, Ortí E, Martín N. Carbon Nanotubes Conjugated with Triazole-Based Tetrathiafulvalene-Type Receptors for C 60 Recognition. Chempluschem 2020; 84:730-739. [PMID: 31944013 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fullerene receptors prepared by a twofold CuI -catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction with π-extended tetrathiafulvalene (exTTF) have been covalently linked to single-walled carbon nanotubes and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The nanoconjugates obtained were characterized by several analytical, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques (TEM, FTIR, Raman, TGA and XPS), and evaluated as C60 receptors by using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The complexation between the exTTF-triazole receptor in the free state and C60 was also studied by UV-Vis and 1 H NMR titrations, and compared with analogous triazole-based tweezer-type receptors containing the electron-acceptor 11,11,12,12-tetracyano-9,10-anthraquinodimethane and benzene rings instead of exTTF motifs, providing in all cases very similar values for the association constant (log Ka ≈3.0-3.1). Theoretical density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the enhanced interaction between the host and the guest upon increasing the size of the π-conjugated arms of the tweezer is compensated by an increase in the energy penalty needed to distort the geometry of the host to wrap C60 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Mateos-Gil
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Current address: Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ma Ángeles Herranz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia c/Faraday 9, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Ramos-Soriano J, Reina JJ, Illescas BM, de la Cruz N, Rodríguez-Pérez L, Lasala F, Rojo J, Delgado R, Martín N. Synthesis of Highly Efficient Multivalent Disaccharide/[60]Fullerene Nanoballs for Emergent Viruses. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15403-15412. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ramos-Soriano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC − Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - José J. Reina
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC − Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Beatriz M. Illescas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia de la Cruz
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC − Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Lasala
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rojo
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC − Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Américo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital, 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanoscience, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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24
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Taunk A, Chen R, Iskander G, Ho KKK, Almohaywi B, Black DS, Willcox MDP, Kumar N. The Role of Orientation of Surface Bound Dihydropyrrol-2-ones (DHP) on Biological Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:E2676. [PMID: 31340597 PMCID: PMC6680537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) signaling system is important for bacterial growth, adhesion, and biofilm formation resulting in numerous infectious diseases. Dihydropyrrol-2-ones (DHPs) represent a novel class of antimicrobial agents that inhibit QS, and are less prone to develop bacterial resistance due to their non-growth inhibition mechanism of action which does not cause survival pressure on bacteria. DHPs can prevent bacterial colonization and quorum sensing when covalently bound to substrates. In this study, the role of orientation of DHP compounds was investigated after covalent attachment by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling reaction to amine-functionalized glass surfaces via various positions of the DHP scaffold. The functionalized glass surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements and tested for their in vitro biological activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. DHPs attached via the N-1 position resulted in the highest antibacterial activities against S. aureus, while no difference was observed for DHPs attached either via the N-1 position or the C-4 phenyl ring against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Taunk
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Renxun Chen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - George Iskander
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Kitty K K Ho
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Basmah Almohaywi
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | | | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
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25
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Piya R, Zhu Y, Soeriyadi AH, Silva SM, Reece PJ, Gooding JJ. Micropatterning of porous silicon Bragg reflectors with poly(ethylene glycol) to fabricate cell microarrays: Towards single cell sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 127:229-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Zarei L, Tavallaie R, Choudhury MH, Parker SG, Bakthavathsalam P, Ciampi S, Gonçales VR, Gooding JJ. DNA-Hybridization Detection on Si(100) Surfaces Using Light-Activated Electrochemistry: A Comparative Study between Bovine Serum Albumin and Hexaethylene Glycol as Antifouling Layers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14817-14824. [PMID: 30185042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Light can be used to spatially resolve electrochemical measurements on a semiconductor electrode. This phenomenon has been explored to detect DNA hybridization with light-addressable potentiometric sensors and, more recently, with light-addressable amperometric sensors based on organic-monolayer-protected Si(100). Here, a contribution to the field is presented by comparing sensing performances when bovine serum albumin (BSA) and hexaethylene glycol (OEG6) are employed as antifouling layers that resist nonspecific adsorption to the DNA-modified interface on Si(100) devices. What is observed is that both sensors based on BSA or OEG6 initially allow electrochemical distinction among complementary, noncomplementary, and mismatched DNA targets. However, only surfaces based on OEG6 can sustain electroactivity over time. Our results suggest that this relates to accelerated SiO x formation occasioned by BSA proteins adsorbing on monolayer-protected Si(100) surfaces. Therefore, DNA biosensors were analytically explored on low-doped Si(100) electrodes modified on the molecular level with OEG6 as an antifouling layer. First, light-activated electrochemical responses were recorded over a range of complementary DNA target concentrations. A linear semilog relation was obtained from 1.0 × 10-11 to 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.942. Then, measurements with three independent surfaces indicated a relative standard deviation of 4.5%. Finally, selectivity tests were successfully performed in complex samples consisting of a cocktail mixture of four different DNA sequences. Together, these results indicate that reliable and stable light-activated amperometric DNA sensors can be achieved on Si(100) by employing OEG6 as an antifouling layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Zarei
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Roya Tavallaie
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Moinul H Choudhury
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Stephen G Parker
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Padmavathy Bakthavathsalam
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- Department of Chemistry , Curtin University , Bentley , Western Australia 6102 , Australia
| | - Vinicius R Gonçales
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
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27
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Acik G, Cansoy CE, Tasdelen MA. Synthesis of fluorinated polypropylene using CuAAC click chemistry. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Acik
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringYalova University Yalova TR‐77100 Turkey
- Faculty of Sciences and LettersPiri Reis University Tuzla, Istanbul 34940 Turkey
| | - C. Elif Cansoy
- Faculty of Sciences and LettersPiri Reis University Tuzla, Istanbul 34940 Turkey
| | - M. A. Tasdelen
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringYalova University Yalova TR‐77100 Turkey
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28
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Veerbeek J, Steen R, Vijselaar W, Rurup WF, Korom S, Rozzi A, Corradini R, Segerink L, Huskens J. Selective Functionalization with PNA of Silicon Nanowires on Silicon Oxide Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11395-11404. [PMID: 30179484 PMCID: PMC6158678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowire chips can function as sensors for cancer DNA detection, whereby selective functionalization of the Si sensing areas over the surrounding silicon oxide would prevent loss of analyte and thus increase the sensitivity. The thermal hydrosilylation of unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds onto H-terminated Si has been studied here to selectively functionalize the Si nanowires with a monolayer of 1,8-nonadiyne. The silicon oxide areas, however, appeared to be functionalized as well. The selectivity toward the Si-H regions was increased by introducing an extra HF treatment after the 1,8-nonadiyne monolayer formation. This step (partly) removed the monolayer from the silicon oxide regions, whereas the Si-C bonds at the Si areas remained intact. The alkyne headgroups of immobilized 1,8-nonadiyne were functionalized with PNA probes by coupling azido-PNA and thiol-PNA by click chemistry and thiol-yne chemistry, respectively. Although both functionalization routes were successful, hybridization could only be detected on the samples with thiol-PNA. No fluorescence was observed when introducing dye-labeled noncomplementary DNA, which indicates specific DNA hybridization. These results open up the possibilities for creating Si nanowire-based DNA sensors with improved selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Veerbeek
- Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and BIOS Lab on a
Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, TechMed Centre and
Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Steen
- Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and BIOS Lab on a
Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, TechMed Centre and
Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Vijselaar
- Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and BIOS Lab on a
Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, TechMed Centre and
Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - W. Frederik Rurup
- Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and BIOS Lab on a
Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, TechMed Centre and
Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Saša Korom
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Rozzi
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberto Corradini
- Department
of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Loes Segerink
- Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and BIOS Lab on a
Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, TechMed Centre and
Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular NanoFabrication group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, and BIOS Lab on a
Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, TechMed Centre and
Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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29
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Szabó L, Imanishi S, Kawashima N, Hoshino R, Hirose D, Tsukegi T, Ninomiya K, Takahashi K. Interphase Engineering of a Cellulose-Based Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite by Applying Click Chemistry. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:720-729. [PMID: 30258744 PMCID: PMC6151626 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Given our possible future dependence on carbon fiber reinforced composites, the introduction of a renewable matrix might be advantageous for the vision of a sustainable world. Cellulose is a superior green candidate and provides exceptional freedom in composite design as the free OH groups can be conveniently functionalized to give tailor-made materials. To obtain a high-performing carbon fiber reinforced cellulose propionate composite, we accurately tailored the interfacial adhesion by invoking click chemistry. The synthetic strategy involved grafting of a phenylacetylene structure onto the carbon fiber surface, onto which O-acylated 6-azido-6-deoxycellulose and a number of aromatic azides could be covalently attached. Single-fiber fragmentation tests indicated that the lipophilicity and size of the substituent on the deposited structure played a crucial role in determining molecular entanglement and mechanical interlocking effects, as penetration into the cellulose propionate matrix was of utmost importance. Enhanced interfacial shear strength was obtained for the carbon fiber covalently functionalized with the cellulose derivative. Nevertheless, the greatest increase was observed for the derivative substituted with a compact and highly lipophilic CF3 substituent. In a broader sense, our study provides a synthetic platform to bind cellulose derivatives to graphitic surfaces and paves the ways towards the preparation of innovative cellulose-based carbonaceous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Szabó
- Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920–1192Japan
| | - Sari Imanishi
- Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920–1192Japan
| | - Naohiro Kawashima
- Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920–1192Japan
| | - Rina Hoshino
- Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920–1192Japan
| | - Daisuke Hirose
- Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920–1192Japan
| | - Takayuki Tsukegi
- Innovative Composite CenterKanazawa Institute of Technology2-2 YatsukahoHakusan924–0838Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ninomiya
- Institute for Frontier Science InitiativeKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920–1192Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Institute of Science and EngineeringKanazawa UniversityKakuma-machiKanazawa920–1192Japan
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30
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Ahmad SAA, Ciampi S, Parker SG, Gonçales VR, Gooding JJ. Forming Ferrocenyl Self‐Assembled Monolayers on Si(100) Electrodes with Different Alkyl Chain Lengths for Electron Transfer Studies. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrul A. A. Ahmad
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Institute of Advanced Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- Department of Chemistry Curtin University Bentley, Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Stephen G. Parker
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Vinicius R. Gonçales
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales 2052 Australia
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31
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Veerbeek J, Huskens J. Maskless Spatioselective Functionalization of Silicon Nanowires. CHEMNANOMAT : CHEMISTRY OF NANOMATERIALS FOR ENERGY, BIOLOGY AND MORE 2018; 4:874-881. [PMID: 31032177 PMCID: PMC6473541 DOI: 10.1002/cnma.201800072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Spatioselective functionalization of silicon nanowires was achieved without using a masking material. The designed process combines metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) to fabricate silicon nanowires and hydrosilylation to form molecular monolayers. After MACE, a monolayer was formed on the exposed nanowire surfaces. A second MACE step was expected to elongate the nanowires, thus creating two different segments. When monolayers of 1-undecene or 1-tetradecyne were formed on the upper segment, however, the second MACE step did not extend the nanowires. In contrast, nanowires functionalized with 1,8-nonadiyne were elongated, but at an approximately 8 times slower etching rate. The elongation resulted in a contrast difference in high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) images, which indicated the formation of nanowires that were covered with a monolayer only at the top parts. Click chemistry was successfully used for secondary functionalization of the monolayer with azide-functionalized nanoparticles. The spatioselective presence of 1,8-nonadiyne gave a threefold higher particle density on the upper segment functionalized with 1,8-nonadiyne than on the lower segment without monolayer. These results indicate the successful spatioselective functionalization of silicon nanowires fabricated by MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Veerbeek
- Molecular NanoFabricationMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O. Box 2177500 AEEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular NanoFabricationMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O. Box 2177500 AEEnschedeThe Netherlands
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32
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Nguyen DT, Freitag M, Körsgen M, Lamping S, Rühling A, Schäfer AH, Siekman MH, Arlinghaus HF, van der Wiel WG, Glorius F, Ravoo BJ. Versatile Micropatterns of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes on Gold Surfaces: Increased Thermal and Pattern Stability with Enhanced Conductivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11465-11469. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Thao Nguyen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Martin Körsgen
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Sebastian Lamping
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Andreas Rühling
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | | | - Martin H. Siekman
- NanoElectronics Group; MESA Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Heinrich F. Arlinghaus
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Wilfred G. van der Wiel
- NanoElectronics Group; MESA Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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33
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Nguyen DT, Freitag M, Körsgen M, Lamping S, Rühling A, Schäfer AH, Siekman MH, Arlinghaus HF, van der Wiel WG, Glorius F, Ravoo BJ. Vielseitige Mikrostrukturen aus N-heterocyclischen Carbenen auf Goldoberflächen: Erhöhte thermische und Strukturstabilität mit erhöhter Leitfähigkeit. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Thao Nguyen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Martin Körsgen
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Lamping
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Andreas Rühling
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | | | - Martin H. Siekman
- NanoElectronics Group; MESA Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede Niederlande
| | - Heinrich F. Arlinghaus
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Wilfred G. van der Wiel
- NanoElectronics Group; MESA Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente; P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede Niederlande
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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34
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Switchable Interfaces: Redox Monolayers on Si(100) by Electrochemical Trapping of Alcohol Nucleophiles. SURFACES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/surfaces1010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Organic electrosynthesis is going through its renaissance but its scope in surface science as a tool to introduce specific molecular signatures at an electrode/electrolyte interface is under explored. Here, we have investigated an electrochemical approach to generate in situ surface-tethered and highly-reactive carbocations. We have covalently attached an alkoxyamine derivative on an Si(100) electrode and used an anodic bias stimulus to trigger its fragmentation into a diffusive nitroxide (TEMPO) and a surface-confined carbocation. As a proof-of-principle we have used this reactive intermediate to trap a nucleophile dissolved in the electrolyte. The nucleophile was ferrocenemethanol and its presence and surface concentration after its reaction with the carbocation were assessed by cyclic voltammetry. The work expands the repertoire of available electrosynthetic methods and could in principle lay the foundation for a new form of electrochemical lithography.
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35
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Rodríguez-Pérez L, Ramos-Soriano J, Pérez-Sánchez A, Illescas BM, Muñoz A, Luczkowiak J, Lasala F, Rojo J, Delgado R, Martín N. Nanocarbon-Based Glycoconjugates as Multivalent Inhibitors of Ebola Virus Infection. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9891-9898. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ramos-Soriano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Pérez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz M. Illescas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Muñoz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Lasala
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rojo
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC−Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanoscience, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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36
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Taneda H, Shundo A, Matsuno H, Tanaka K. Design of a Well-Defined Polyrotaxane Structure on a Glassy Polymer Surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:709-714. [PMID: 28945378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The polymer dynamics at the water interface play a crucial role in the manifestation of biorelated functions. One of the strategies for this is to form inclusion complexes of polymer chains with cyclic compounds. However, such an idea has been limited to bulk materials so far. Here we propose a preparation pathway for a polyrotaxane structure composed of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and α-cyclodextrin (CD) at the outermost surface of a glassy poly(methyl methacrylate) film on the basis of the combination of a click reaction and the Langmuir-Blodgett method. The chain motion of PEO at the water interface could be regulated by threading of CD molecules on PEO and thereby the biological responses such as protein adsorption and platelet adhesion altered depending on the extent of complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenobu Taneda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Atsuomi Shundo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Automotive Science, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hisao Matsuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Automotive Science, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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37
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Münch AS, Wölk M, Malanin M, Eichhorn KJ, Simon F, Uhlmann P. Smart functional polymer coatings for paper with anti-fouling properties. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:830-843. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02886e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of functionalized cellulose films on SiO2 to introduce protein repellent properties evaluated by spectroscopic in situ ellipsometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Wölk
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- D-01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Mikhail Malanin
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- D-01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | | | - Frank Simon
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- D-01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- D-01069 Dresden
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
- Hamilton Hall
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38
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Reproducible flaws unveil electrostatic aspects of semiconductor electrochemistry. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2066. [PMID: 29233986 PMCID: PMC5727234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting or manipulating charge-transfer at semiconductor interfaces, from molecular electronics to energy conversion, relies on knowledge generated from a kinetic analysis of the electrode process, as provided by cyclic voltammetry. Scientists and engineers encountering non-ideal shapes and positions in voltammograms are inclined to reject these as flaws. Here we show that non-idealities of redox probes confined at silicon electrodes, namely full width at half maximum <90.6 mV and anti-thermodynamic inverted peak positions, can be reproduced and are not flawed data. These are the manifestation of electrostatic interactions between dynamic molecular charges and the semiconductor’s space-charge barrier. We highlight the interplay between dynamic charges and semiconductor by developing a model to decouple effects on barrier from changes to activities of surface-bound molecules. These findings have immediate general implications for a correct kinetic analysis of charge-transfer at semiconductors as well as aiding the study of electrostatics on chemical reactivity. Most electrical devices must pass charges across semiconductor interfaces, yet redox-active molecular behavior obscures comprehension of these processes. Here, the authors develop a model to describe redox processes on semiconductor surfaces and gauge these interactions electrochemically.
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Gao Y, Yi R, Li YC, Song J, Chen S, Huang Q, Mallouk TE, Wang D. General Method of Manipulating Formation, Composition, and Morphology of Solid-Electrolyte Interphases for Stable Li-Alloy Anodes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17359-17367. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ran Yi
- Department
of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yuguang C. Li
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jiangxuan Song
- Department
of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- State
Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shuru Chen
- Department
of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Qingquan Huang
- Department
of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Thomas E. Mallouk
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department
of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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40
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Vogel YB, Darwish N, Kashi MB, Gooding JJ, Ciampi S. Hydrogen evolution during the electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles at Si(100) photoelectrodes impairs the analysis of current-time transients. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Choudhury MH, Ciampi S, Lu X, Kashi MB, Zhao C, Gooding JJ. Spatially confined electrochemical activity at a non-patterned semiconductor electrode. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Rapakousiou A, Sakamoto R, Shiotsuki R, Matsuoka R, Nakajima U, Pal T, Shimada R, Hossain A, Masunaga H, Horike S, Kitagawa Y, Sasaki S, Kato K, Ozawa T, Astruc D, Nishihara H. Liquid/Liquid Interfacial Synthesis of a Click Nanosheet. Chemistry 2017; 23:8443-8449. [PMID: 28419580 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A liquid/liquid interfacial synthesis is employed, for the first time, to synthesize a covalent two-dimensional polymer nanosheet. Copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) between a three-way terminal alkyne and azide at a water/dichloromethane interface generates a 1,2,3-triazole-linked nanosheet. The resultant nanosheet, with a flat and smooth texture, has a maximum domain size of 20 μm and minimum thickness of 5.3 nm. The starting monomers in the organic phase and the copper catalyst in the aqueous phase can only meet at the liquid/liquid interface as a two-dimensional reaction space; this allows them to form the two-dimensional polymer. The robust triazole linkage generated by irreversible covalent-bond formation allows the nanosheet to resist hydrolysis under both acidic and alkaline conditions, and to endure pyrolysis up to more than 300 °C. The coordination ability of the triazolyl group enables the nanosheet to act as a reservoir for metal ions, with an affinity order of Pd2+ >Au3+ >Cu2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Rapakousiou
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,IMDEA Nanociencia Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, C/Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ryota Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ryo Shiotsuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuoka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ukyo Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tigmansu Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rintaro Shimada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Amran Hossain
- Venture Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Hashigami cho 1, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Satoshi Horike
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Sono Sasaki
- Faculty of Fiber Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Hashikami-cho 1, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Takeaki Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Didier Astruc
- ISM, UMR CNRS No. 5255, University of Bordeaux, 33405, Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hiroshi Nishihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Gao F, Aminane S, Bai S, Teplyakov AV. Chemical Protection of Material Morphology: Robust and Gentle Gas-Phase Surface Functionalization of ZnO with Propiolic Acid. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017; 29:4063-4071. [PMID: 29151674 PMCID: PMC5690571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemical functionalization of ZnO surface with an alkyne functional group was successfully achieved by exposing ZnO nanopowder to gas-phase propiolic acid in vacuum, which left the alkyne group available for subsequent chemical modification via the azide-alkyne cycloaddition "click" reaction with benzyl azide. The highly selective formation of a bidentate carboxylate linkage and the reaction of benzyl azide were confirmed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Most importantly, scanning electron microscopy revealed that the surface morphology was perfectly preserved by this gas-phase modification, as opposed to the alternative protocols based on liquid phase processing. This simple and precise design can serve as a universal method for the modular functionalization of zinc oxide surface following the initial surface preparation and be further applied to thin films, nanostructures, and powders, where preserving surface morphology during chemical modification is especially important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Soraya Aminane
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris Cedex 05 75005, France
| | - Shi Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Andrew V. Teplyakov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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44
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Aragonès AC, Darwish N, Ciampi S, Sanz F, Gooding JJ, Díez-Pérez I. Single-molecule electrical contacts on silicon electrodes under ambient conditions. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15056. [PMID: 28406169 PMCID: PMC5399279 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal in molecular electronics is to use individual molecules as the active electronic component of a real-world sturdy device. For this concept to become reality, it will require the field of single-molecule electronics to shift towards the semiconducting platform of the current microelectronics industry. Here, we report silicon-based single-molecule contacts that are mechanically and electrically stable under ambient conditions. The single-molecule contacts are prepared on silicon electrodes using the scanning tunnelling microscopy break-junction approach using a top metallic probe. The molecular wires show remarkable current–voltage reproducibility, as compared to an open silicon/nano-gap/metal junction, with current rectification ratios exceeding 4,000 when a low-doped silicon is used. The extension of the single-molecule junction approach to a silicon substrate contributes to the next level of miniaturization of electronic components and it is
anticipated it will pave the way to a new class of robust single-molecule circuits. The next level of miniaturization of electronic circuits calls for a connection between current single-molecule and traditional semiconductor processing technologies. Here, the authors show a method to prepare metal/molecule/silicon diodes that present high current rectification ratios exceeding 4,000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert C Aragonès
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry &Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTC), University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-BBN), Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nadim Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science &Engineering, Curtin University, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science &Engineering, Curtin University, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Fausto Sanz
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry &Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTC), University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-BBN), Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Ismael Díez-Pérez
- Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry &Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTC), University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-BBN), Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, Poeta Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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45
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Wu F, Zhang DW, Wang J, Watkinson M, Krause S. Copper Contamination of Self-Assembled Organic Monolayer Modified Silicon Surfaces Following a "Click" Reaction Characterized with LAPS and SPIM. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:3170-3177. [PMID: 28285531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A copper(I)-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction combined with microcontact printing was used successfully to pattern alkyne-terminated self-assembled organic monolayer-modified silicon surfaces. Despite the absence of a copper peak in X-ray photoelectron spectra, copper contamination was found and visualized using light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) and scanning photo-induced impedance microscopy (SPIM) after the "click"-modified silicon surfaces were rinsed with hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution, which was frequently used to remove copper residues in the past. Even cleaning with an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution did not remove the copper residue completely. Different strategies for avoiding copper contamination, including the use of bulky chelators for the copper(I) catalyst and rinsing with different reagents, were tested. Only cleaning of the silicon surfaces with an EDTA solution containing trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) after the click modification proved to be an effective method as confirmed by LAPS and SPIM results, which showed the expected potential shift due to the surface charge introduced by functional groups in the monolayer and allowed, for the first time, imaging the impedance of an organic monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - De-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Jiangyou 621908, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
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46
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Yang Y, Ciampi S, Gooding JJ. Coupled Thermodynamic and Kinetic Changes in the Electrochemistry of Ferrocenyl Monolayers Induced by Light. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:2497-2503. [PMID: 28212037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on the light-induced systematic changes to the thermodynamics and kinetics of ferrocene units attached to a n-type silicon(100) photoelectrode. Both the reaction rate and the energetics of the charge transfer are simultaneously affected by changes in the intensity of the incident light. Cyclic voltammetry shows that increases in the intensity of illumination can drive the redox process toward less positive potentials, with a downhill shift in E1/2 of ca. 160 mV by increasing the light intensity from 3 to 94 mW cm-2. However, this thermodynamic shift is paralleled by an increase in the kinetics of the charge transfer. This latter observation-light-induced kinetic effects at monolayers on silicon electrodes-is made possible only by the stability of the surface chemistry construct. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance measurements showed that the electrodes exhibit faster electron-transfer kinetics under illumination than previously reported for ferrocene-terminated highly doped silicon (around 1 order of magnitude faster). An explanation for the kinetic effects is proposed on the basis of the consistent increase in photogenerated charge carriers inside silicon and the enlarged potential difference between the valence band of silicon and the surface-attached ferrocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales , Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University , Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales , Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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47
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Younus HA, Ahmad N, Chughtai AH, Vandichel M, Busch M, Van Hecke K, Yusubov M, Song S, Verpoort F. A Robust Molecular Catalyst Generated In Situ for Photo- and Electrochemical Water Oxidation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:862-875. [PMID: 27921384 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water splitting is the key step towards artificial photosystems for solar energy conversion and storage in the form of chemical bonding. The oxidation of water is the bottle-neck of this process that hampers its practical utility; hence, efficient, robust, and easy to make catalytic systems based on cheap and earth-abundant materials are of exceptional importance. Herein, an in situ generated cobalt catalyst, [CoII (TCA)2 (H2 O)2 ] (TCA=1-mesityl-1,2,3-1H-triazole-4-carboxylate), that efficiently conducts photochemical water oxidation under near-neutral conditions is presented. The catalyst showed high stability under photolytic conditions for more than 3 h of photoirradiation. During electrochemical water oxidation, the catalytic system assembled a catalyst film, which proved not to be cobalt oxide/hydroxide as normally expected, but instead, and for the first time, generated a molecular cobalt complex that incorporated the organic ligand bound to cobalt ions. The catalyst film exhibited a low overpotential for electrocatalytic water oxidation (360 mV) and high oxygen evolution peak current densities of 9 and 2.7 mA cm-2 on glassy carbon and indium-doped tin oxide electrodes, respectively, at only 1.49 and 1.39 V (versus a normal hydrogen electrode), respectively, under neutral conditions. This finding, exemplified on the in situ generated cobalt complex, might be applicable to other molecular systems and suggests that the formation of a catalytic film in electrochemical water oxidation experiments is not always an indication of catalyst decomposition and the formation of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein A Younus
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials, Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 36514, Egypt
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials, Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Adeel H Chughtai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials, Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Matthias Vandichel
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technology Park 903, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
- Department of Physics and Competence Center for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Fysikgränd 3, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Michael Busch
- Department of Physics and Competence Center for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, Fysikgränd 3, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mekhman Yusubov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Shaoxian Song
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Francis Verpoort
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials, Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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48
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Veerbeek J, Firet NJ, Vijselaar W, Elbersen R, Gardeniers H, Huskens J. Molecular Monolayers for Electrical Passivation and Functionalization of Silicon-Based Solar Energy Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:413-421. [PMID: 27935276 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-based solar fuel devices require passivation for optimal performance yet at the same time need functionalization with (photo)catalysts for efficient solar fuel production. Here, we use molecular monolayers to enable electrical passivation and simultaneous functionalization of silicon-based solar cells. Organic monolayers were coupled to silicon surfaces by hydrosilylation in order to avoid an insulating silicon oxide layer at the surface. Monolayers of 1-tetradecyne were shown to passivate silicon micropillar-based solar cells with radial junctions, by which the efficiency increased from 8.7% to 9.9% for n+/p junctions and from 7.8% to 8.8% for p+/n junctions. This electrical passivation of the surface, most likely by removal of dangling bonds, is reflected in a higher shunt resistance in the J-V measurements. Monolayers of 1,8-nonadiyne were still reactive for click chemistry with a model catalyst, thus enabling simultaneous passivation and future catalyst coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Veerbeek
- Molecular NanoFabrication and ‡Mesoscale Chemical Systems groups, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke J Firet
- Molecular NanoFabrication and ‡Mesoscale Chemical Systems groups, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Vijselaar
- Molecular NanoFabrication and ‡Mesoscale Chemical Systems groups, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Elbersen
- Molecular NanoFabrication and ‡Mesoscale Chemical Systems groups, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Han Gardeniers
- Molecular NanoFabrication and ‡Mesoscale Chemical Systems groups, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular NanoFabrication and ‡Mesoscale Chemical Systems groups, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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49
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Image detection of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS). Electrochem commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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50
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Behara DK, Sharma GP, Upadhyay AP, Gyanprakash M, Pala RGS, Sivakumar S. Synchronization of charge carrier separation by tailoring the interface of Si–Au–TiO2 heterostructures via click chemistry for PEC water splitting. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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