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Dean SL, Morrow TJ, Patrick S, Li M, Clawson G, Mayer TS, Keating CD. Biorecognition by DNA oligonucleotides after exposure to photoresists and resist removers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:11535-11545. [PMID: 23952639 PMCID: PMC3832179 DOI: 10.1021/la402362u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Combining biological molecules with integrated circuit technology is of considerable interest for next generation sensors and biomedical devices. Current lithographic microfabrication methods, however, were developed for compatibility with silicon technology rather than bioorganic molecules, and consequently it cannot be assumed that biomolecules will remain attached and intact during on-chip processing. Here, we evaluate the effects of three common photoresists (Microposit S1800 series, PMGI SF6, and Megaposit SPR 3012) and two photoresist removers (acetone and 1165 remover) on the ability of surface-immobilized DNA oligonucleotides to selectively recognize their reverse-complementary sequence. Two common DNA immobilization methods were compared: adsorption of 5'-thiolated sequences directly to gold nanowires and covalent attachment of 5'-thiolated sequences to surface amines on silica coated nanowires. We found that acetone had deleterious effects on selective hybridization as compared to 1165 remover, presumably due to incomplete resist removal. Use of the PMGI photoresist, which involves a high temperature bake step, was detrimental to the later performance of nanowire-bound DNA in hybridization assays, especially for DNA attached via thiol adsorption. The other three photoresists did not substantially degrade DNA binding capacity or selectivity for complementary DNA sequences. To determine whether the lithographic steps caused more subtle damage, we also tested oligonucleotides containing a single base mismatch. Finally, a two-step photolithographic process was developed and used in combination with dielectrophoretic nanowire assembly to produce an array of doubly contacted, electrically isolated individual nanowire components on a chip. Postfabrication fluorescence imaging indicated that nanowire-bound DNA was present and able to selectively bind complementary strands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey L. Dean
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Thomas J. Morrow
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Sue Patrick
- Department of Pathology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mingwei Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Gary Clawson
- Department of Pathology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Theresa S. Mayer
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christine D. Keating
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Sun K, Xie Y, Ye D, Zhao Y, Cui Y, Long F, Zhang W, Jiang X. Mussel-inspired anchoring for patterning cells using polydopamine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2131-2136. [PMID: 22085048 DOI: 10.1021/la2041967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This Article introduces a simple method of cell patterning, inspired by the mussel anchoring protein. Polydopamine (PDA), artificial polymers made from self-polymerization of dopamine (a molecule that resembles mussel-adhesive proteins), has recently been studied for its ability to make modifications on surfaces in aqueous solutions. We explored the interfacial interaction between PDA and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) using microcontact printing (μCP). We patterned PDA on several substrates such as glass, polystyrene, and poly(dimethylsiloxane) and realized spatially defined anchoring of mammalian cells as well as bacteria. We applied our system in investigating the relationship between areas of mammalian nuclei and that of the cells. The combination of PDA and PEG enables us to make cell patterns on common laboratorial materials in a mild and convenient fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Sun
- Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100080, China
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Guo J, Liu LJ, Yuan L, Wang N, De W. Expression and localization of paxillin in rat pancreas during development. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:4479-87. [PMID: 22110278 PMCID: PMC3218138 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i40.4479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression and localization of paxillin in rat pancreas during development.
METHODS: Pancreata from Sprague Dawley rat fetuses, embryos, young animals, and adult animals were used in this study. Expression levels of paxillin in pancreata of different development stages were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. To identify the cell location of paxillin in the developing rat pancreas, immunohistochemistry and double-immunofluorescent staining were performed using antibodies for specific cell markers and paxillin, respectively.
RESULTS: The highest paxillin mRNA level was detected at E15.5 (embryo day 15.5) following a decrease in the later developmental periods (P < 0.05 vs E18.5, P0 and adult, respectively), and a progressively increased paxillin protein expression through the transition from E15.5 to adult was detected. The paxillin positive staining was mainly localized in rat islets of Langerhans at each stage tested during pancreas development.
CONCLUSION: The dynamic expression of paxillin in rat pancreas from different stages indicates that paxillin might be involved in some aspects of pancreatic development.
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High spatial resolution label-free detection of antigen–antibody binding on patterned surface by imaging ellipsometry. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 360:826-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Chen Y, Lei L, Zhang K, Shi J, Wang L, Li H, Zhang XM, Wang Y, Chan HLW. Optofluidic microcavities: Dye-lasers and biosensors. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2010; 4:043002. [PMID: 24753719 PMCID: PMC3977751 DOI: 10.1063/1.3499949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Optofluidic microcavities are integrated elements of microfluidics that can be explored for a large variety of applications. In this review, we first introduce the physics basis of optical microcavities and microflow control. Then, we describe four types of optofluidic dye lasers developed so far based on both simple and advanced device fabrication technologies. To illustrate the application potential of such devices, we present two types of laser intracavity measurements for chemical solution and single cell analyses. In addition, the possibility of single molecule detection is discussed. All these recent achievements demonstrated the great importance of the topics in biology and several other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China ; Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France ; Centre for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - L Lei
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China ; Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France
| | - K Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Shi
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France
| | - L Wang
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France
| | - H Li
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-UPMC, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France ; Centre for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - X M Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - H L W Chan
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Luo C, Ni X, Liu L, Nomura SIM, Chen Y. Degassing-assisted patterning of cell culture surfaces. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 105:854-9. [PMID: 19862679 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We developed an alternative patterning technique which is capable of producing both topographic and biochemical features for cell culture studies. This technique is based on microaspiration induced with a degassed poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) mold. After degassing in a rough vacuum chamber and placed on a sample surface, liquid solution can be aspired through channels and cavities created in the PDMS mold. Depending on the composition of the solution and the associated drying or incubation processes, a variety of surface patterns can be produced without applying external pressure. For demonstration, we fabricated agarose gel microwells and biomolecule patterns either on a glass plate or in a cell culture Petri dish, both applicable for cell culture studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiong Luo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan
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Velve-Casquillas G, Le Berre M, Piel M, Tran PT. Microfluidic tools for cell biological research. NANO TODAY 2010; 5:28-47. [PMID: 21152269 PMCID: PMC2998071 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technology is creating powerful tools for cell biologists to control the complete cellular microenvironment, leading to new questions and new discoveries. We review here the basic concepts and methodologies in designing microfluidic devices, and their diverse cell biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Phong T. Tran
- Institut Curie, UMR 144 CNRS, Paris 75005, France
- University of Pennsylvania, Cell and Developmental Biology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Xu R, Xia B, Geng J, Shi J, Shi H, Yuan L, De W. Expression and localization of Wolfram syndrome 1 gene in the developing rat pancreas. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:5425-31. [PMID: 19916172 PMCID: PMC2778098 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.5425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression and function of Wolfram syndrome 1 gene (WFS1) during the development of normal pancreas.
METHODS: Pancreas from Sprague-Dawley rat fetuses, embryos, young and adult animals were used in this study. Expression levels of WFS1 in pancreas of different development stages were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reation (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. To identify the cell location of WFS1 in the developing rat pancreas, double-immunofluorescent staining was performed using antibodies to specific cell markers and WFS1, respectively.
RESULTS: Compared to E15.5, the highest level of WFS1 mRNA was detected at E18.5, the level of WFS1 mRNA in E15.5 and P0 was less, and at a lowest at adult (P < 0.05 vs P0 and adult), respectively. Compare to E15.5, the highest level of WFS1 was at P14 and lowest at P21 (P < 0.05 vs P14 and P21), respectively. The WFS1 positive staining is expressed in the normal developing rat pancreas mainly in the islet beta-cells and mesenchyme at each stage tested.
CONCLUSION: These results indicate that WFS1 may be involved in some aspects of pancreatic development and further research on WFS1 may provide new evidences to prove the interactions between mesenchyma and epithelia at the same time.
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