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Amino-functionalized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots and silver-graphene based nanocomposites: Ultrafast charge transfer and a proof-of-concept study for bioimaging applications. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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2
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Benko Z, Zhang J, Zhao RY. Development of A Fission Yeast Cell-Based Platform for High Throughput Screening of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors. Curr HIV Res 2021; 17:429-440. [PMID: 31782368 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x17666191128102839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) is one of the most potent classes of drugs in combinational antiretroviral therapies (cART). When a PI is used in combination with other anti- HIV drugs, cART can often suppress HIV-1 below detection thus prolonging the patient's lives. However, the challenge often faced by patients is the emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance. Thus, PIs with high genetic-barrier to drug-resistance are needed. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop a novel and simple fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) cell-based system that is suitable for high throughput screening (HTS) of small molecules against HIV-1 protease (PR). METHODS A fission yeast RE294-GFP strain that stably expresses HIV-1 PR and green fluorescence protein (GFP) under the control of an inducible nmt1 promoter was used. Production of HIV-1 PR induces cellular growth arrest, which was used as the primary endpoint for the search of PIs and was quantified by an absorbance-based method. Levels of GFP production were used as a counter-screen control to eliminate potential transcriptional nmt1 inhibitors. RESULTS Both the absorbance-based HIV-1 PR assay and the GFP-based fluorescence assay were miniaturized and optimized for HTS. A pilot study was performed using a small drug library mixed with known PI drugs and nmt1 inhibitors. With empirically adjusted and clearly defined double-selection criteria, we were able to correctly identify the PIs and to exclude all hidden nmt1 inhibitors. CONCLUSION We have successfully developed and validated a fission yeast cell-based HTS platform for the future screening and testing of HIV-1 PR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsigmond Benko
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Richard Y Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.,Department of Microbiology- Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.,Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.,Institute of Global Health, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
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3
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Zhai YY, Liu Q, Cai WP, Cao SH, Zhang LX, Li YQ. Metallic Nanofilm Enhanced Fluorescence Cell Imaging: A Study of Distance-Dependent Intensity and Lifetime by Optical Sectioning Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2760-2768. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yun Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei-Peng Cai
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shuo-Hui Cao
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Li-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yao-Qun Li
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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4
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Patil MK, Kotresh MG, Inamdar SR. A combined solvatochromic shift and TDDFT study probing solute-solvent interactions of blue fluorescent Alexa Fluor 350 dye: Evaluation of ground and excited state dipole moments. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 215:142-152. [PMID: 30822733 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report, the effect of solvents on absorption and fluorescence spectra of Alexa Fluor-350 labelled fluorescent dye examined both experimentally and computationally. The steady state absorption and fluorescence measurements are carried out in a series of solvents to explore their solvatochromism and to determine its dipole moments. To this end, different empirical solvatochromic models like Bilot-Kawaski, Lippert-Mataga, Bakhshiev, Kawaski-Chamma-Viallet and Reichardt models are assessed against Alexa Fluor 350 dye to determine the singlet excited and ground state dipole moments. Computational studies were carried out to optimize ground and excited geometries using density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), respectively, in vacuum. Additionally, this study encompasses estimation of the electronic transition energies from the ground to first excited state of dye employing TD-DFT. Further, TD-DFT has been combined with integral equation formalism of the polarizable continuum model (IEF-PCM) to calculate various solute-solvent interaction potentials which are then compared with experimental values. The highest occupied molecular orbital energy (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (LUMO), the energy gap, chemical hardness (η), softness (σ), electronegativity (χ) and chemical potential (μ) were estimated. Mulliken atomic charge, natural population analysis (NPA) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) map are correlated using density functional theory. The experimentally obtained ground and excited state dipole moments are compared with the ones obtained from computational and the results are discussed. NBO analysis is carried out to investigate the intramolecular charge transfer interactions and stabilization energy within the studied molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjun K Patil
- Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, UGC-CPEPA-Department of Physics, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - M G Kotresh
- Department of Physics, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Bellary 583104, India
| | - Sanjeev R Inamdar
- Laser Spectroscopy (DRDO/KU) Programme, UGC-CPEPA-Department of Physics, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
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Cheng YH, Tam TSC, Chau SL, Lai SKM, Tang HW, Lok CN, Lam CW, Ng KM. Plasmonic gold nanoparticles as multifaceted probe for tissue imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2761-2764. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00356h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles as a sensitive probe for versatile tissue imaging techniques forming high quality chromogenic, fluorescence, and mass spectrometric images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
| | - Toby Siu-Chung Tam
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
| | - Siu-Leung Chau
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
| | - Samuel Kin-Man Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
| | - Ho-Wai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
| | - Chun-Nam Lok
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
| | - Ching-Wan Lam
- Department of Pathology
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
| | - Kwan-Ming Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong S.A.R
- P. R. China
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6
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Zhang Z, Shen W, Xue J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Yan P, Liu J, Tang J. Recent advances in synthetic methods and applications of silver nanostructures. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:54. [PMID: 29457198 PMCID: PMC5817054 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As the advanced functional materials, silver nanoparticles are potentially useful in various fields such as photoelectric, bio-sensing, catalysis, antibacterial and other fields, which are mainly based on their various properties. However, the properties of silver nanoparticles are usually determined by their size, shape, and surrounding medium, which can be modulated by various synthesis methods. In this review, the fabrication methods for synthesizing silver nanoparticles of different shapes and specific size are illustrated in detail. Besides, the corresponding properties and applications of silver nanoparticles are also discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science and Technology Cooperation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Xue
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanmeng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peipei Yan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jixian Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 People’s Republic of China
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Wang XJ, Qu YR, Zhao YL, Chu HB. Effect of the Composition of Lanthanide Complexes on Their Luminescence Enhancement by Ag@SiO₂ Core-Shell Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8020098. [PMID: 29425191 PMCID: PMC5853729 DOI: 10.3390/nano8020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metal-enhanced luminescence of lanthanide complexes by noble metal nanoparticles has attracted much attention because of its high efficiency in improving the luminescent properties of lanthanide ions. Herein, nine kinds of europium and terbium complexes—RE(TPTZ)(ampca)3·3H2O, RE(TPTZ)(BA)3·3H2O, RE(phen)(ampca)3·3H2O, RE(phen)(PTA)1.5·3H2O (RE = Eu, Tb) and Eu(phen)(BA)3·3H2O (TPTZ = 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine, ampca = 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxylic acid, BA = benzoic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, PTA = phthalic acid)—have been synthesized. Meanwhile, seven kinds of core-shell Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles of two different core sizes (80–100 nm and 40–60 nm) and varied shell thicknesses (5, 12, 20, 30 and 40 nm) have been prepared. The combination of these nine types of lanthanide complexes and seven kinds of Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles provides an opportunity for a thorough investigation of the metal-enhanced luminescence effect. Luminescence spectra analysis showed that the luminescence enhancement factor not only depends on the size of the Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles, but also strongly relates to the composition of the lanthanide complexes. Terbium complexes typically possess higher enhancement factors than their corresponding europium complexes with the same ligands, which may result from better spectral overlap between the emission bands of Tb complexes and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption bands of Ag@SiO2. For the complexes with the same lanthanide ion but varied ligands, the complexes with high enhancement factors are typically those with excitation wavelengths located nearby the SPR absorption bands of Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles. These findings suggest a combinatorial chemistry strategy is necessary to obtain an optimal metal-enhanced luminescence effect for lanthanide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot 010021, China.
| | - Yan-Rong Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot 010021, China.
| | - Yong-Liang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot 010021, China.
| | - Hai-Bin Chu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot 010021, China.
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8
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Yang H, Qi X, Zhang B, Wang H, Xie L. Fluorescence plasmonic enhancement of FITC labeled PS nanoparticles coupled to silver island films. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:5387-5392. [PMID: 27409315 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.005387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical properties of a fluorescence molecule can be drastically changed by surface plasmons excited in neighboring metallic nanostructures. Here we investigated the fluorescence enhancement behavior of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled polystyrene nanoparticles coupled to silver island films (SIFs) via a 15 nm polymethyl methacrylate separation layer theoretically and experimentally. Up to 24-fold fluorescence enhancement was experimentally achieved when the annealing time of the 25 nm Ag films was 50 min, which is in good agreement with the theoretical simulation result based on the finite-difference time-domain method. Furthermore, significant fluorescence spectral distortion on SIFs was also observed compared with samples on glass slides, which is sufficiently related to the scattering properties of SIFs and the lifetimes of FITC.
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9
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Cunningham B, Zhang M, Zhuo Y, Kwon L, Race C. Recent Advances in Biosensing With Photonic Crystal Surfaces: A Review. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2016; 16:3349-3366. [PMID: 27642265 PMCID: PMC5021450 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2015.2429738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystal surfaces that are designed to function as wavelength-selective optical resonators have become a widely adopted platform for label-free biosensing, and for enhancement of the output of photon-emitting tags used throughout life science research and in vitro diagnostics. While some applications, such as analysis of drug-protein interactions, require extremely high resolution and the ability to accurately correct for measurement artifacts, others require sensitivity that is high enough for detection of disease biomarkers in serum with concentrations less than 1 pg/ml. As the analysis of cells becomes increasingly important for studying the behavior of stem cells, cancer cells, and biofilms under a variety of conditions, approaches that enable high resolution imaging of live cells without cytotoxic stains or photobleachable fluorescent dyes are providing new tools to biologists who seek to observe individual cells over extended time periods. This paper will review several recent advances in photonic crystal biosensor detection instrumentation and device structures that are being applied towards direct detection of small molecules in the context of high throughput drug screening, photonic crystal fluorescence enhancement as utilized for high sensitivity multiplexed cancer biomarker detection, and label-free high resolution imaging of cells and individual nanoparticles as a new tool for life science research and single-molecule diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.T. Cunningham
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - M. Zhang
- Dept. of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Y. Zhuo
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - L. Kwon
- Dept. of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - C. Race
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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10
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Light-Enhanced Fluorescence of Multi-Level Cavitands Possessing Pyridazine Upper rim. J Fluoresc 2015; 26:679-88. [PMID: 26715516 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-015-1754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Completely different fluorescence behaviour of cavitands based on a same calix[4]resorcinarene compound was observed. While the fluorescence intensity of the parent compound, tetramethyl-cavitand (1) slowly faded as a result of UV-light exposure, the emission of the three-level cavitand with pyridazine moieties at the upper rim (5a) was enhanced by the excitation in the UV-region. The structure of fluorescence emission (characterized by excitation-emission matrices) and the absorption of 5a remained unaltered. The analysis of fluorescence decay curves reveals the presence of two separated components assigned to two individual emitting species. The measured significant increase of the average lifetime and quantum yield is the consequence of the UV-light induced transition between the different states of 5a. These observations can be explained by the structural difference between 5a and 1. As a counterpart of the naked cavitand (1) with methyl substituents at the upper rim only, 5a has three additional moieties benzene, triazole and pyridazine levels. Computational studies proved the existence of two conformational isomers of 5a. Upon ultraviolet light excitation a "dark" to "light" conformational transition occurs between the two isomers. This hypothesis was confirmed by anisotropy decay measurements.
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Chen W, Long KD, Yu H, Tan Y, Choi JS, Harley BA, Cunningham BT. Enhanced live cell imaging via photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence microscopy. Analyst 2015; 139:5954-63. [PMID: 25265458 DOI: 10.1039/c4an01508h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence (PCEF) microscopy as a surface-specific fluorescence imaging technique to study the adhesion of live cells by visualizing variations in cell-substrate gap distance. This approach utilizes a photonic crystal surface incorporated into a standard microscope slide as the substrate for cell adhesion, and a microscope integrated with a custom illumination source as the detection instrument. When illuminated with a monochromatic light source, angle-specific optical resonances supported by the photonic crystal enable efficient excitation of surface-confined and amplified electromagnetic fields when excited at an on-resonance condition, while no field enhancement occurs when the same photonic crystal is illuminated in an off-resonance state. By mapping the fluorescence enhancement factor for fluorophore-tagged cellular components between on- and off-resonance states and comparing the results to numerical calculations, the vertical distance of labelled cellular components from the photonic crystal substrate can be estimated, providing critical and quantitative information regarding the spatial distribution of the specific components of cells attaching to a surface. As an initial demonstration of the concept, 3T3 fibroblast cells were grown on fibronectin-coated photonic crystals with fluorophore-labelled plasma membrane or nucleus. We demonstrate that PCEF microscopy is capable of providing information about the spatial distribution of cell-surface interactions at the single-cell level that is not available from other existing forms of microscopy, and that the approach is amenable to large fields of view, without the need for coupling prisms, coupling fluids, or special microscope objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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12
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Cade NI, Fruhwirth GO, Krasavin AV, Ng T, Richards D. Fluorescence axial nanotomography with plasmonics. Faraday Discuss 2015; 178:371-81. [PMID: 25712026 DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00198b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel imaging technique with super-resolution axial sensitivity, exploiting the changes in fluorescence lifetime above a plasmonic substrate. Using conventional confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging, we show that it is possible to deliver down to 6 nm axial position sensitivity of fluorophores in whole biological cell imaging. We employ this technique to map the topography of the cellular membrane, and demonstrate its application in an investigation of receptor-mediated endocytosis in carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas I Cade
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
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Liu Q, Cao SH, Cai WP, Liu XQ, Weng YH, Xie KX, Huo SX, Li YQ. Surface Plasmon Coupled Emission in Micrometer-Scale Cells: A Leap from Interface to Bulk Targets. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:2921-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp512031r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shuo-Hui Cao
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei-Peng Cai
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu-Hua Weng
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kai-Xin Xie
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Si-Xin Huo
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yao-Qun Li
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Deng W, Xie F, Baltar HTMCM, Goldys EM. Metal-enhanced fluorescence in the life sciences: here, now and beyond. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:15695-708. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50206f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Darvill D, Centeno A, Xie F. Plasmonic fluorescence enhancement by metal nanostructures: shaping the future of bionanotechnology. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:15709-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50415h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cunningham BT, Zangar RC. Photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence for early breast cancer biomarker detection. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2012; 5:617-28. [PMID: 22736539 PMCID: PMC3844005 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystal surfaces offer a compelling platform for improving the sensitivity of surface-based fluorescent assays used in disease diagnostics. Through the complementary processes of photonic crystal enhanced excitation and enhanced extraction, a periodic dielectric-based nanostructured surface can simultaneously increase the electric field intensity experienced by surface-bound fluorophores and increase the collection efficiency of emitted fluorescent photons. Through the ability to inexpensively fabricate photonic crystal surfaces over substantial surface areas, they are amenable to single-use applications in biological sensing, such as disease biomarker detection in serum. In this review, we will describe the motivation for implementing high-sensitivity, multiplexed biomarker detection in the context of breast cancer diagnosis. We will summarize recent efforts to improve the detection limits of such assays though the use of photonic crystal surfaces. Reduction of detection limits is driven by low autofluorescent substrates for photonic crystal fabrication, and detection instruments that take advantage of their unique features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Cunningham
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA.
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17
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Deng W, Goldys EM. Plasmonic approach to enhanced fluorescence for applications in biotechnology and the life sciences. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:10152-10163. [PMID: 22568517 DOI: 10.1021/la300332x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
One of the most rapidly growing areas of physics and nanotechnology is concerned with plasmonic effects on the nanometer scale; these have applications in sensing and imaging technologies. Nanoplasmonic colloids such as Ag and Au have been attracting active interest, and there has been a recent explosion in the use of these metallic nanostructures to modify the spectral properties of fluorophores favorably and to enhance the fluorescence emission intensity. In this feature article, we summarize our work over a range of nanoplasmonics-assisted biological applications such as flow cytometry, immunoassays, cell imaging and bioassays where we use custom-designed plasmonic nanostructures (Ag and Au) to enhance fluorescence signatures. This fluorophore-metal effect offers unique advantages in providing improved photostability and enhanced fluorescence signals. We discuss the plasmonic enhancement of lanthanide fluorophores whose long and microsecond lifetimes offer the advantage of background-free fluorescence detection, but low photon cycling rates lead to poor brightness. We also show that plasmonic colloids are capable of enhancing the emission of fluorescent nanoparticles, including upconverting nanocrystals and lanthanide nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- MQ BioFocus Research Centre, Macquarie University, North Ryde 2113 NSW, Australia
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Zhang J, Fu Y, Li G, Zhao RY. Metal plasmon-coupled fluorescence imaging and label free coenzyme detection in cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 425:696-700. [PMID: 22713456 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a key metabolite in cellular energy conversion. Flavin can also bind with some enzymes in the metabolic pathway and the binding sites may be changed due to the disease progression. Thus, there is interest on studying its expression level, distribution, and redox state within the cells. FAD is naturally fluorescent, but it has a modest extinction coefficient and quantum yield. Hence the intrinsic emission from FAD is generally too weak to be isolated distinctly from the cellular backgrounds in fluorescence cell imaging. In this article, the metal nanostructures on the glass coverslips were used as substrates to measure FAD in cells. Particulate silver films were fabricated with an optical resonance near the absorption and the emission wavelengths of FAD which can lead to efficient coupling interactions. As a result, the emission intensity and quantum yield by FAD were greatly increased and the lifetime was dramatically shortened resulting in less interference from the longer lived cellular background. This feature may overcome the technical limits that hinder the direct observation of intrinsically fluorescent coenzymes in the cells by fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence cell imaging on the metallic particle substrates may provide a non-invasive strategy for collecting the information of coenzymes in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Rycenga M, Cobley CM, Zeng J, Li W, Moran CH, Zhang Q, Qin D, Xia Y. Controlling the synthesis and assembly of silver nanostructures for plasmonic applications. Chem Rev 2011; 111:3669-712. [PMID: 21395318 PMCID: PMC3110991 DOI: 10.1021/cr100275d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1327] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Rycenga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Claire M. Cobley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Weiyang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Christine H. Moran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Dong Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Younan Xia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
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20
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Maiti S, Dutta S, Das PK. Unmodified "GNP-oligonucleotide" nanobiohybrids: a simple route for emission enhancement of DNA intercalators. Chemistry 2011; 17:7538-48. [PMID: 21567505 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present herein a simple method for enhancing the emission of DNA intercalators in homogeneous nanobiohybrids of unlabeled oligonucleotides and unmodified gold nanoparticles (GNPs). Pristine single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) has been wrapped around unmodified GNPs to induce metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of DNA intercalators, such as ethidium bromide and propidium iodide. The thickness of the ss-DNA layer on the gold nanosurface determines the extent of MEF, since this depends on the position of the intercalator in relation to the metal surface. Presumably, at a suitable thickness of this DNA layer, more of the intercalator is localized at the optimum distance from the nanoparticle to give rise to MEF. Importantly, no external spacer or coating agent was needed to induce the MEF effect of the GNPs. The concentration ratios of Au to DNA in the nanohybrids, as well as the capping agents applied to the GNPs, play key roles in enhancing the emission of the intercalators. The dimensions of both components of the nanobiohybrids, that is, the size of the GNPs and the length of the oligonucleotide, have considerable influences on the emission enhancement of the intercalators. Emission intensity increased with increasing size of the GNPs and length of the oligonucleotide only when the DNA efficiently wrapped the nanoparticles. An almost 100 % increment in the quantum yield of ethidium bromide was achieved with the GNP-DNA nanobiohybrid compared with that with DNA alone (in the absence of GNP), and the fluorescence emission was enhanced by 50 % even at an oligonucleotide concentration of 2 nM. The plasmonic effect of the GNPs in the emission enhancement was also established by the use of similar nanobioconjugates of ss-DNA with nonmetallic carbon nanoparticles and TiO(2) nanoparticles, with which no increase in the fluorescence emission of ethidium bromide was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
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Hong G, Tabakman SM, Welsher K, Chen Z, Robinson JT, Wang H, Zhang B, Dai H. Near-Infrared-Fluorescence-Enhanced Molecular Imaging of Live Cells on Gold Substrates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hong G, Tabakman SM, Welsher K, Chen Z, Robinson JT, Wang H, Zhang B, Dai H. Near-Infrared-Fluorescence-Enhanced Molecular Imaging of Live Cells on Gold Substrates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:4644-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Wang Q, Song F, Lin S, Liu J, Zhao H, Zhang C, Ming C, Pun EYB. Optical properties of silver nanoprisms and their influences on fluorescence of europium complex. OPTICS EXPRESS 2011; 19:6999-7006. [PMID: 21503014 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.006999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of truncated triangular silver nanoprisms and their influences on the fluorescence of europium complex Eu(TTFA)(3) were investigated in theory and experiment separately. In theory, we found that the fluorescence of Eu ions would be greatly enhanced by these nanoprisms, the enhancement factor of the fluorescence depended on the concentrations of nanoprisms. They were verified in the experiment. The influence of silver nanoprisms on the radiative and nonradiative decay rates of Eu ions were also deduced, and found that the silver nanoprisms greatly reduced the energy loss caused by the nonradiative decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingru Wang
- Photonics Center, College of Physics Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Fu Y, Zhang J, Lakowicz JR. Metallic-Nanostructure-Enhanced Fluorescence of Single Flavin Cofactor and Single Flavoenzyme Molecules. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2011; 115:7202-7208. [PMID: 21552478 PMCID: PMC3087598 DOI: 10.1021/jp109617h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme cofactors are intrinsically fluorescent and participate directly in the single molecule enzymology studies. Due to photobleaching, one cannot follow kinetics continuously by cofactor fluorescence for more than several minutes typically. Modification of spectral properties of fluorophores, such as the amplification of emission intensity, can be achieved through coupling with surface plasmons in close proximity to metallic nanostructures. This process, referred to as metal-enhanced fluorescence, offers promise for a range of applications, including bioassays, sensor technology, microarrays, and single-molecule studies. Here, we demonstrated up to a 100-fold increase in the emission of the single cofactors and flavoenzymes near silver nanostructures. Amplified fluorescence of different types of flavins and flavoenzymes has been interpreted by using time-resolved single molecule fluorescence data. The results show considerable promise for the studies of enzyme kinetics using the intrinsic fluorescence from the cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fu
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Jian Zhang
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Joseph R. Lakowicz
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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Cade NI, Fruhwirth G, Archibald SJ, Ng T, Richards D. A cellular screening assay using analysis of metal-modified fluorescence lifetime. Biophys J 2010; 98:2752-7. [PMID: 20513420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Current methods for screening cell receptor internalization often require complex image analysis with limited sensitivity. Here we describe a novel bioassay based on detection of changes in global fluorescence lifetime above a gold substrate, with superresolution axial sensitivity and no need for image analysis. We show that the lifetime of enhanced green fluorescent protein expressed in a cellular membrane is greatly reduced in close proximity to the gold, resulting in a distance-dependent lifetime distribution throughout the cell. We demonstrate the application of this phenomenon in a screening assay by comparing the efficacies of two small molecule inhibitors interfering with the internalization process of a G protein-coupled receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas I Cade
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Qiu T, Jiang J, Zhang W, Lang X, Yu X, Chu PK. High-sensitivity and stable cellular fluorescence imaging by patterned silver nanocap arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:2465-2470. [PMID: 20666434 DOI: 10.1021/am100534h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Patterned silver nanocap arrays (PSNAs) prepared on porous anodic alumina templates by a simple coating technique yield enhanced sensitivity and stability in cellular fluorescence imaging. Microstructural analysis, surface-enhanced Raman scattering mapping, and finite difference time domain simulation indicate that the hot spots are evenly distributed on the substrate. Ag1522 or Chinese Hamster Ovary cells are labeled by phalloidin-fluorscein isothiocyanate (P-FITC) on the cytoskeletons and the fluorescence signals from the fluorophores bound on the cell cytoskeletons on the PSNAs are enhanced 8-fold compared to those on glass used in conventional imaging. In addition to the intensity enhancement, the photostability is improved dramatically. Spectral analysis suggests that the PSNAs can create more excitons in the light-emitting P-FITC because of plasmon resonance energy transfer from the silver nanocaps to the nearby P-FITC. They can also act as plasmonic antennae by converting a part of the nonradiative near-field emission from the fluorophores to the far field consequently enhancing the emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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Zhong W. Nanomaterials in fluorescence-based biosensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:47-59. [PMID: 19221721 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Revised: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-based detection is the most common method utilized in biosensing because of its high sensitivity, simplicity, and diversity. In the era of nanotechnology, nanomaterials are starting to replace traditional organic dyes as detection labels because they offer superior optical properties, such as brighter fluorescence, wider selections of excitation and emission wavelengths, higher photostability, etc. Their size- or shape-controllable optical characteristics also facilitate the selection of diverse probes for higher assay throughput. Furthermore, the nanostructure can provide a solid support for sensing assays with multiple probe molecules attached to each nanostructure, simplifying assay design and increasing the labeling ratio for higher sensitivity. The current review summarizes the applications of nanomaterials--including quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, and silica nanoparticles--in biosensing using detection techniques such as fluorescence, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), fluorescence lifetime measurement, and multiphoton microscopy. The advantages nanomaterials bring to the field of biosensing are discussed. The review also points out the importance of analytical separations in the preparation of nanomaterials with fine optical and physical properties for biosensing. In conclusion, nanotechnology provides a great opportunity to analytical chemists to develop better sensing strategies, but also relies on modern analytical techniques to pave its way to practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwan Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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