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Fonseka NM, Arce FT, Christie HS, Aspinwall CA, Saavedra SS. Nanomechanical Properties of Artificial Lipid Bilayers Composed of Fluid and Polymerizable Lipids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:100-111. [PMID: 34968052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization enhances the stability of a planar supported lipid bilayer (PSLB) but it also changes its chemical and mechanical properties, attenuates lipid diffusion, and may affect the activity of integral membrane proteins. Mixed bilayers composed of fluid lipids and poly(lipids) may provide an appropriate combination of polymeric stability coupled with the fluidity and elasticity needed to maintain the bioactivity of reconstituted receptors. Previously (Langmuir, 2019, 35, 12483-12491) we showed that binary mixtures of the polymerizable lipid bis-SorbPC and the fluid lipid DPhPC form phase-segregated PSLBs composed of nanoscale fluid and poly(lipid) domains. Here we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to compare the nanoscale mechanical properties of these binary PSLBs with single-component PSLBs. The elastic (Young's) modulus, area compressibility modulus, and bending modulus of bis-SorbPC PSLBs increased upon polymerization. Before polymerization, breakthrough events at forces below 5 nN were observed, but after polymerization, the AFM tip could not penetrate the PSLB up to an applied force of 20 nN. These results are attributed to the polymeric network in poly(bis-SorbPC), which increases the bilayer stiffness and resists compression and bending. In binary DPhPC/poly(bis-SorbPC) PSLBs, the DPhPC domains are less stiff, more compressible, and are less resistant to rupture and bending compared to pure DPhPC bilayers. These differences are attributed to bis-SorbPC monomers and oligomers present in DPhPC domains that disrupt the packing of DPhPC molecules. In contrast, the poly(bis-SorbPC) domains are stiffer and less compressible relative to pure PSLBs; this difference is attributed to DPhPC filling the nm-scale pores in the polymerized domains that are created during bis-SorbPC polymerization. Thus, incomplete phase segregation increases the stability of poly(bis-SorbPC) but has the opposite, detrimental effect for DPhPC. Overall, these results provide guidance for the design of partially polymerized bilayers for technological uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Malithi Fonseka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Fernando Teran Arce
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Hamish S Christie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Craig A Aspinwall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- BIO5 Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - S Scott Saavedra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- BIO5 Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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2
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Abstract
Biological membranes composed of a lipid bilayer and associated proteins work as a platform for highly selective and sensitive detection in nature. Substrate-supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are a model system of the biological membrane that are mechanically stable, accessible to highly sensitive analytical techniques, and amenable to micro-fabrication, such as patterning. The surface of SLBs can effectively suppress the non-specific binding of proteins, and enhance selective detection by specific interactions. These features render SLBs highly attractive for the development of devices that utilize artificially mimicked cellular functions. Furthermore, SLBs can be combined with nanoscopic spaces, such as nano-channels and nano-pores, that can reduce the detection volume and suppress the non-specific background noise, enhancing the signal-to-background noise (S/B) ratio. SLBs therefore provide promising platforms for a wide range of biomedical and environmental analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Morigaki
- Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University.,Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University
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3
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Fonseka M, Liang B, Orosz KS, Jones IW, Hall HK, Christie HS, Aspinwall CA, Saavedra SS. Nanodomain Formation in Planar Supported Lipid Bilayers Composed of Fluid and Polymerized Dienoyl Lipids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:12483-12491. [PMID: 31454251 PMCID: PMC7719349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization of synthetic phospholipid monomers has been widely used to enhance the stability of lipid membranes in applications such as membrane-based biosensing, where the inherent instability of fluid-phase lipid bilayers can be problematic. However, lipid polymerization typically decreases membrane fluidity, which may be required to maintain the activity of reconstituted integral proteins and peptides. Prior work has shown that a bilayer composed of binary mixtures of poly(lipid) and fluid lipid exhibits enhanced stability and supports the function of incorporated biomolecules. This work examines the structural basis of these findings using planar supported lipid bilayers (PSLBs) composed of binary mixtures of a polymerizable lipid, 1,2-bis[10-(2',4'-hexadienoloxy)decanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (bis-SorbPC), and a nonpolymerizable lipid, 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC). Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements showed that long-range lateral diffusion was minimally affected when the poly(lipid) mole ratio was ≤0.7. Atomic force microscopy, used to examine phase segregation in these PSLBs, showed that DPhPC forms a continuous lipid matrix that is 0.2-0.4 nm thicker than the island-like poly(bis-SorbPC) domains, with lateral dimensions of ≤200 nm. The nanoscale phase segregation allows for long-range lateral diffusion of lipid probes in the DPhPC matrix. The combination of fluidity and stability in these materials should make them useful in membrane-based biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malithi Fonseka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Boying Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Kristina S. Orosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Ian W. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - H. K. Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Hamish S. Christie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Craig A. Aspinwall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- BIO5 Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - S. Scott Saavedra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- BIO5 Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Kim T, Moon D, Park JH, Yang H, Cho S, Park TH, Ahn DJ. Visual detection of odorant geraniol enabled by integration of a human olfactory receptor into polydiacetylene/lipid nano-assembly. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:7582-7587. [PMID: 30964490 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new polydiacetylene lipid/human olfactory receptor nano-assembly was fabricated for the visual detection of an odorant for the first time. The assembly consisted of phospholipid-mixed polydiacetylenes (PDAs) and human olfactory receptors (hORs) in detergent micelles. To overcome the limitations of bioelectronic noses, hOR-embedded chromatic complexes (PDA/hORs) were developed, introducing PDAs that showed color and fluorescence transitions against various stimuli. The chromatic nanocomplexes reacted with target molecules, showing a fluorescence intensity increase in a dose-dependent manner and target selectivity among various odorants. As a result, a color transition of the assembly from blue to purple occurred, allowing the visual detection of the odorant geraniol. Through circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and a tryptophan fluorescence quenching method, the structural and functional properties of the hORs embedded in the complexes were confirmed. Based on this first work, future array devices, integrating multiple nano-assemblies, can be substantiated and utilized in environmental assessment and analysis of food quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taegon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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5
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Evolution and development of model membranes for physicochemical and functional studies of the membrane lateral heterogeneity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:2012-2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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6
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Temprana CF, Prieto MJ, Igartúa DE, Femia AL, Amor MS, Alonso SDV. Diacetylenic lipids in the design of stable lipopolymers able to complex and protect plasmid DNA. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186194. [PMID: 29020107 PMCID: PMC5636127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Different viral and non-viral vectors have been designed to allow the delivery of nucleic acids in gene therapy. In general, non-viral vectors have been associated with increased safety for in vivo use; however, issues regarding their efficacy, toxicity and stability continue to drive further research. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of the polymerizable diacetylenic lipid 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DC8,9PC) as a strategy to formulate stable cationic lipopolymers in the delivery and protection of plasmid DNA. Cationic lipopolymers were prepared following two different methodologies by using DC8,9PC, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), and the cationic lipids (CL) 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), stearylamine (SA), and myristoylcholine chloride (MCL), in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.2 (DMPC:DC8,9PC:CL). The copolymerization methodology allowed obtaining cationic lipopolymers which were smaller in size than those obtained by the cationic addition methodology although both techniques presented high size stability over a 166-day incubation period at 4°C. Cationic lipopolymers containing DOTAP or MCL were more efficient in complexing DNA than those containing SA. Moreover, lipopolymers containing DOTAP were found to form highly stable complexes with DNA, able to resist serum DNAses degradation. Furthermore, neither of the cationic lipopolymers (with or without DNA) induced red blood cell hemolysis, although metabolic activity determined on the L-929 and Vero cell lines was found to be dependent on the cell line, the formulation and the presence of DNA. The high stability and DNA protection capacity as well as the reduced toxicity determined for the cationic lipopolymer containing DOTAP highlight the potential advantage of using lipopolymers when designing novel non-viral carrier systems for use in in vivo gene therapy. Thus, this work represents the first steps toward developing a cationic lipopolymer-based gene delivery system using polymerizable and cationic lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Facundo Temprana
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas (LBM), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - M. Jimena Prieto
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas (LBM), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
- Grupo vinculado GBEyB, IMBICE, CICPBA, CCT, La Plata – CONICET
| | - Daniela E. Igartúa
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas (LBM), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
- Grupo vinculado GBEyB, IMBICE, CICPBA, CCT, La Plata – CONICET
| | - A. Lis Femia
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas (LBM), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - M. Silvia Amor
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas (LBM), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Silvia del Valle Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas (LBM), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
- Grupo vinculado GBEyB, IMBICE, CICPBA, CCT, La Plata – CONICET
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7
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Kumar Pramanik S, Losada-Pérez P, Reekmans G, Carleer R, D’Olieslaeger M, Vanderzande D, Adriaensens P, Ethirajan A. Physicochemical characterizations of functional hybrid liposomal nanocarriers formed using photo-sensitive lipids. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46257. [PMID: 28406235 PMCID: PMC5390264 DOI: 10.1038/srep46257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With recent advances in the field of diagnostics and theranostics, liposomal technology has secured a fortified position as a potential nanocarrier. Specifically, radiation/photo-sensitive liposomes containing photo-polymerizable cross-linking lipids are intriguing as they can impart the vesicles with highly interesting properties such as response to stimulus and improved shell stability. In this work, 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DTPE) is used as a photo-polymerizable lipid to form functional hybrid-liposomes as it can form intermolecular cross-linking through the diacetylenic groups. Hybrid-liposomes were formulated using mixtures of DTPE and saturated lipids of different chain lengths (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and dimirystoilphosphatidylcholine (DMPC)) at different molar ratios. The physico-chemical characteristics of the liposomes has been studied before and after UV irradiation using a combination of techniques: DSC, QCM-D and solid-state NMR. The results signify the importance of a subtle modification in alkyl chain length on the phase behavior of the hybrid-liposomes and on the degree of crosslinking in the shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar Pramanik
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Patricia Losada-Pérez
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Gunter Reekmans
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Robert Carleer
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marc D’Olieslaeger
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dirk Vanderzande
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Anitha Ethirajan
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1 and Agoralaan D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMEC, associated lab IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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8
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Orosz KS, Jones IW, Keogh JP, Smith CM, Griffin KR, Xu J, Comi TJ, Hall HK, Saavedra SS. Photopolymerization of Dienoyl Lipids Creates Planar Supported Poly(lipid) Membranes with Retained Fluidity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1577-84. [PMID: 26794208 PMCID: PMC4755918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization of substrate-supported bilayers composed of dienoylphosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids is known to greatly enhance their chemical and mechanical stability; however, the effects of polymerization on membrane fluidity have not been investigated. Here planar supported lipid bilayers (PSLBs) composed of dienoyl PCs on glass substrates were examined to assess the degree to which UV-initiated polymerization affects lateral lipid mobility. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) was used to measure the diffusion coefficients (D) and mobile fractions of rhodamine-DOPE in unpolymerized and polymerized PSLBs composed of bis-sorbyl phosphatidylcholine (bis-SorbPC), mono-sorbyl-phosphatidylcholine (mono-SorbPC), bis-dienoyl-phosphatidylcholine (bis-DenPC), and mono-dienoyl phosphatidylcholine (mono-DenPC). Polymerization was performed in both the Lα and Lβ phase for each lipid. In all cases, polymerization reduced membrane fluidity; however, measurable lateral diffusion was retained which is attributed to a low degree of polymerization. The D values for sorbyl lipids were less than those of the denoyl lipids; this may be a consequence of the distal location of polymerizable group in the sorbyl lipids which may facilitate interleaflet bonding. The D values measured after polymerization were 0.1-0.8 of those measured before polymerization, a range that corresponds to fluidity intermediate between that of a Lα phase and a Lβ phase. This D range is comparable to ratios of D values reported for liquid-disordered (Ld) and liquid-ordered (Lo) lipid phases and indicates that the effect of UV polymerization on lateral diffusion in a dienoyl PSLB is similar to the transition from a Ld phase to a Lo phase. The partial retention of fluidity in UV-polymerized PSLBs, their enhanced stability, and the activity of incorporated transmembrane proteins and peptides is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina S. Orosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Ian W. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - John P. Keogh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Christopher M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Kaitlyn R. Griffin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Juhua Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - Troy J. Comi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - H. K. Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
| | - S. Scott Saavedra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721
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9
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Chawla U, Jiang Y, Zheng W, Kuang L, Perera SMDC, Pitman MC, Brown MF, Liang H. A Usual G-Protein-Coupled Receptor in Unusual Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:588-92. [PMID: 26633591 PMCID: PMC5233722 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane-bound receptors and constitute about 50% of all known drug targets. They offer great potential for membrane protein nanotechnologies. We report here a charge-interaction-directed reconstitution mechanism that induces spontaneous insertion of bovine rhodopsin, the eukaryotic GPCR, into both lipid- and polymer-based artificial membranes. We reveal a new allosteric mode of rhodopsin activation incurred by the non-biological membranes: the cationic membrane drives a transition from the inactive MI to the activated MII state in the absence of high [H(+)] or negative spontaneous curvature. We attribute this activation to the attractive charge interaction between the membrane surface and the deprotonated Glu134 residue of the rhodopsin-conserved ERY sequence motif that helps break the cytoplasmic "ionic lock". This study unveils a novel design concept of non-biological membranes to reconstitute and harness GPCR functions in synthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udeep Chawla
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Physics University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (USA)
| | - Yunjiang Jiang
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 (USA)
- Current address: Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech, University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430 (USA)
| | - Wan Zheng
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 (USA)
| | - Liangju Kuang
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 (USA)
| | - Suchithranga M D C Perera
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Physics University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (USA)
| | - Michael C Pitman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Physics University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (USA)
| | - Michael F Brown
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Physics University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (USA).
| | - Hongjun Liang
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 (USA).
- Current address: Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech, University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX 79430 (USA).
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van Weerd J, Karperien M, Jonkheijm P. Supported Lipid Bilayers for the Generation of Dynamic Cell-Material Interfaces. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2743-79. [PMID: 26573989 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Supported lipid bilayers (SLB) offer unique possibilities for studying cellular membranes and have been used as a synthetic architecture to interact with cells. Here, the state-of-the-art in SLB-based technology is presented. The fabrication, analysis, characteristics and modification of SLBs are described in great detail. Numerous strategies to form SLBs on different substrates, and the means to patteren them, are described. The use of SLBs as model membranes for the study of membrane organization and membrane processes in vitro is highlighted. In addition, the use of SLBs as a substratum for cell analysis is presented, with discrimination between cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicry. The study is concluded with a discussion of the potential for in vivo applications of SLBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper van Weerd
- Bioinspired Molecular Engineering; University of Twente; PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
- Dept. of Developmental BioEngineering; MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine; University of Twente; PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+; University of Twente; Enschede 7500 AE The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Dept. of Developmental BioEngineering; MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine; University of Twente; PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Jonkheijm
- Bioinspired Molecular Engineering; University of Twente; PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+; University of Twente; Enschede 7500 AE The Netherlands
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11
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Chawla U, Jiang Y, Zheng W, Kuang L, Perera SMDC, Pitman MC, Brown MF, Liang H. A Usual G-Protein-Coupled Receptor in Unusual Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Wang L, Roth JS, Han X, Evans SD. Photosynthetic Proteins in Supported Lipid Bilayers: Towards a Biokleptic Approach for Energy Capture. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3306-3318. [PMID: 25727786 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201403469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In nature, plants and some bacteria have evolved an ability to convert solar energy into chemical energy usable by the organism. This process involves several proteins and the creation of a chemical gradient across the cell membrane. To transfer this process to a laboratory environment, several conditions have to be met: i) proteins need to be reconstituted into a lipid membrane, ii) the proteins need to be correctly oriented and functional and, finally, iii) the lipid membrane should be capable of maintaining chemical and electrical gradients. Investigating the processes of photosynthesis and energy generation in vivo is a difficult task due to the complexity of the membrane and its associated proteins. Solid, supported lipid bilayers provide a good model system for the systematic investigation of the different components involved in the photosynthetic pathway. In this review, the progress made to date in the development of supported lipid bilayer systems suitable for the investigation of membrane proteins is described; in particular, there is a focus on those used for the reconstitution of proteins involved in light capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Johannes S Roth
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Xiaojun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Stephen D Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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13
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Liang B, Ju Y, Joubert JR, Kaleta EJ, Lopez R, Jones IW, Hall HK, Ratnayaka SN, Wysocki VH, Saavedra SS. Label-free detection and identification of protein ligands captured by receptors in a polymerized planar lipid bilayer using MALDI-TOF MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:2777-89. [PMID: 25694144 PMCID: PMC4417943 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8508-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with affinity capture is a well-established method to extract biological analytes from complex samples followed by label-free detection and identification. Many bioanalytes of interest bind to membrane-associated receptors; however, the matrices and high-vacuum conditions inherent to MALDI-TOF MS make it largely incompatible with the use of artificial lipid membranes with incorporated receptors as platforms for detection of captured proteins and peptides. Here we show that cross-linking polymerization of a planar supported lipid bilayer (PSLB) provides the stability needed for MALDI-TOF MS analysis of proteins captured by receptors embedded in the membrane. PSLBs composed of poly(bis-sorbylphosphatidylcholine) (poly(bis-SorbPC)) and doped with the ganglioside receptors GM1 and GD1a were used for affinity capture of the B subunits of cholera toxin, heat-labile enterotoxin, and pertussis toxin. The three toxins were captured simultaneously, then detected and identified by MS on the basis of differences in their molecular weights. Poly(bis-SorbPC) PSLBs are inherently resistant to nonspecific protein adsorption, which allowed selective toxin detection to be achieved in complex matrices (bovine serum and shrimp extract). Using GM1-cholera toxin subunit B as a model receptor-ligand pair, we estimated the minimal detectable concentration of toxin to be 4 nM. On-plate tryptic digestion of bound cholera toxin subunit B followed by MS/MS analysis of digested peptides was performed successfully, demonstrating the feasibility of using the PSLB-based affinity capture platform for identification of unknown, membrane-associated proteins. Overall, this work demonstrates that combining a poly(lipid) affinity capture platform with MALDI-TOF MS detection is a viable approach for capture and proteomic characterization of membrane-associated proteins in a label-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boying Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | | | - James R. Joubert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Erin J. Kaleta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Rodrigo Lopez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Ian W. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Henry K. Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Saliya N. Ratnayaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | | | - S. Scott Saavedra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Gallagher ES, Adem SM, Baker CA, Ratnayaka SN, Jones IW, Hall HK, Saavedra SS, Aspinwall CA. Highly stabilized, polymer-lipid membranes prepared on silica microparticles as stationary phases for capillary chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1385:28-34. [PMID: 25670414 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability to rapidly screen complex libraries of pharmacological modulators is paramount to modern drug discovery efforts. This task is particularly challenging for agents that interact with lipid bilayers or membrane proteins due to the limited chemical, physical, and temporal stability of conventional lipid-based chromatographic stationary phases. Here, we describe the preparation and characterization of a novel stationary phase material composed of highly stable, polymeric-phospholipid bilayers self-assembled onto silica microparticles. Polymer-lipid membranes were prepared by photochemical or redox initiated polymerization of 1,2-bis[10-(2',4'-hexadieoyloxy)decanoyl]-sn-glycero-2-phosphocholine (bis-SorbPC), a synthetic, polymerizable lipid. The resulting polymerized bis-SorbPC (poly(bis-SorbPC)) stationary phases exhibited enhanced stability compared to particles coated with 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine (unpolymerized) phospholipid bilayers when exposed to chemical (50 mM triton X-100 or 50% acetonitrile) and physical (15 min sonication) insults after 30 days of storage. Further, poly(bis-SorbPC)-coated particles survived slurry packing into fused silica capillaries, compared to unpolymerized lipid membranes, where the lipid bilayer was destroyed during packing. Frontal chromatographic analyses of the lipophilic small molecules acetylsalicylic acid, benzoic acid, and salicylic acid showed >44% increase in retention times (P<0.0001) for all analytes on poly(bis-SorbPC)-functionalized stationary phase compared to bare silica microspheres, suggesting a lipophilic retention mechanism. Phospholipid membrane-functionalized stationary phases that withstand the chemical and physical rigors of capillary LC conditions can substantially increase the efficacy of lipid membrane affinity chromatography, and represents a key advance toward the development of robust membrane protein-functionalized chromatographic stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyssia S Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Seid M Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Washburn University, Topeka, KS 66621, United States
| | - Christopher A Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Saliya N Ratnayaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Ian W Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Henry K Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - S Scott Saavedra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Craig A Aspinwall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
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Temprana CF, Duarte EL, Femia AL, del V. Alonso S, Lamy MT. Structural effect of cationic amphiphiles in diacetylenic photopolymerizable membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2012; 165:589-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Heitz BA, Jones IW, Hall HK, Aspinwall CA, Saavedra SS. Fractional polymerization of a suspended planar bilayer creates a fluid, highly stable membrane for ion channel recordings. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:7086-93. [PMID: 20441163 DOI: 10.1021/ja100245d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Suspended planar lipid membranes (or black lipid membranes (BLMs)) are widely used for studying reconstituted ion channels, although they lack the chemical and mechanical stability needed for incorporation into high-throughput biosensors and biochips. Lipid polymerization enhances BLM stability but is incompatible with ion channel function when membrane fluidity is required. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of a highly stable BLM that retains significant fluidity by using a mixture of polymerizable and nonpolymerizable phospholipids. Alamethicin, a voltage-gated peptide channel for which membrane fluidity is required for activity, was reconstituted into mixed BLMs prepared using bis-dienoyl phosphatidylcholine (bis-DenPC) and diphytanoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPhPC). Polymerization yielded BLMs that retain the fluidity required for alamethicin activity yet are stable for several days as compared to a few hours prior to polymerization. Thus, these polymerized, binary composition BLMs feature both fluidity and long-term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Heitz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Temprana CF, Amor MS, Femia AL, Gasparri J, Taira MC, del Valle Alonso S. Ultraviolet irradiation of diacetylenic liposomes as a strategy to improve size stability and to alter protein binding without cytotoxicity enhancement. J Liposome Res 2010; 21:141-50. [PMID: 20560742 DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2010.492477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-modification effects, induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in diacetylenic liposomes, were analyzed upon contact with cells, biological membranes, and proteins. Liposomes formulated with mixtures of unsaturated 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and saturated 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, in a 1:1 molar ratio, were compared with those that were UV-irradiated and analyzed in several aspects. Membrane polymerization inherence on size stability was studied as well as its impact on mitochondrial and microsomal membrane peroxidation induction, hemolytic activity, and cell viability. Moreover, in order to gain insight about the possible irradiation effect on interfacial membrane properties, interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme (Lyso), and apolipoprotein (apoA-I) was studied. Improved size stability was found for polymerized liposomes after a period of 30 days at 4°C. In addition, membrane irradiation had no marked effect on cell viability, hemolysis, or induction of microsomal and mitochondrial membrane peroxidation. Interfacial membrane characteristics were found to be altered after polymerization, since a differential protein binding for polymerized or nonpolymerized membranes was observed for BSA and Lyso, but not for apoA-I. The substantial contribution of this work is the finding that even when maintaining the same lipid composition, changes induced by UV irradiation are sufficient to increase size stability and establish differences in protein binding, in particular, reducing the amount of bound Lyso and BSA, without increasing formulation cytotoxicity. This work aimed at showing that the usage of diacetylenic lipids and UV modification of membrane interfacial properties should be strategies to be taken into consideration when designing new delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Facundo Temprana
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas (LBM), Departmento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
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Temprana CF, Duarte EL, Taira MC, Lamy MT, del Valle Alonso S. Structural characterization of photopolymerizable binary liposomes containing diacetylenic and saturated phospholipids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:10084-92. [PMID: 20355709 DOI: 10.1021/la100214v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of liposomes to encapsulate materials has received widespread attention for drug delivery, transfection, diagnostic reagent, and as immunoadjuvants. Phospholipid polymers form a new class of biomaterials with many potential applications in medicine and research. Of interest are polymeric phospholipids containing a diacetylene moiety along their acyl chain since these kinds of lipids can be polymerized by Ultra-Violet (UV) irradiation to form chains of covalently linked lipids in the bilayer. In particular the diacetylenic phosphatidylcholine 1,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DC8,9PC) can form intermolecular cross-linking through the diacetylenic group to produce a conjugated polymer within the hydrocarbon region of the bilayer. As knowledge of liposome structures is certainly fundamental for system design improvement for new and better applications, this work focuses on the structural properties of polymerized DC8,9PC:1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) liposomes. Liposomes containing mixtures of DC8,9PC and DMPC, at different molar ratios, and exposed to different polymerization cycles, were studied through the analysis of the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of a spin label incorporated into the bilayer, and the calorimetric data obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies. Upon irradiation, if all lipids had been polymerized, no gel-fluid transition would be expected. However, even samples that went through 20 cycles of UV irradiation presented a DSC band, showing that around 80% of the DC8,9PC molecules were not polymerized. Both DSC and ESR indicated that the two different lipids scarcely mix at low temperatures, however few molecules of DMPC are present in DC8,9PC rich domains and vice versa. UV irradiation was found to affect the gel-fluid transition of both DMPC and DC8,9PC rich regions, indicating the presence of polymeric units of DC8,9PC in both areas. A model explaining lipids rearrangement is proposed for this partially polymerized system.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Facundo Temprana
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal (B1876BXD), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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