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Podaru IA, Stănescu PO, Ginghină R, Stoleriu Ş, Trică B, Şomoghi R, Teodorescu M. Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-Laponite XLG Nanocomposite Hydrogels: Characterization, Properties and Comparison with Divinyl Monomer-Crosslinked Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194216. [PMID: 36236165 PMCID: PMC9571604 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work investigates, for the first time, the synthesis and properties of some nanocomposite (NC) hydrogels obtained by the aqueous solution free radical polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) in the presence of Laponite XLG (XLG) as a crosslinker, in comparison with the corresponding hydrogels prepared by using two conventional crosslinking divinyl monomers: N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and tri(ethylene glycol) divinyl ether (DVE). The structure and properties of the hydrogels were studied by FTIR, TEM, XRD, SEM, swelling and rheological and compressive mechanical measurements. The results showed that DVE and XLG are much better crosslinking agents for the synthesis of PNVP hydrogels than MBA, leading to larger gel fractions and more homogeneous network hydrogels. The hydrogels crosslinked by either DVE or XLG displayed comparable viscoelastic and compressive mechanical properties under the experimental conditions employed. The properties of the XLG-crosslinked hydrogels steadily improved as the clay content increased. The addition of XLG as a second crosslinker together with a divinyl monomer strongly enhanced the material properties in comparison with the hydrogels crosslinked by only one of the crosslinkers involved. The FTIR analyses suggested that the crosslinking of the NC hydrogels was the result of two different interactions occurring between the clay platelets and the PNVP chains. Laponite XLG displayed a uniform distribution within the NC hydrogels, the clay being mostly exfoliated. However, a small number of platelet agglomerations were still present. The PNVP hydrogels described here may find applications for water purification and in the biomedical field as drug delivery systems or wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionela Alice Podaru
- Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Armament Systems and Mechatronics Department, Military Technical Academy “Ferdinand I”, 39–49 G. Cosbuc Blvd., 050141 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul O. Stănescu
- Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Ginghină
- Chemical Technologies for CBRN Defense Department, Research and Innovation Center for CBRN Defense and Ecology, 225 Olteniţei Ave., 041327 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ştefania Stoleriu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Trică
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Şomoghi
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Petroleum Technology and Petrochemistry, Petroleum and Gas University of Ploiesti, 39 Bucuresti Blvd., 100680 Ploiesti, Romania
| | - Mircea Teodorescu
- Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1–7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-7-4590-7871
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Dynamic assembly and biocatalysis-selected gelation endow self-compartmentalized multienzyme superactivity. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sun G, Huang Y, Li D, Fan Q, Xu J, Shao J. Blue Light Induced Photopolymerization and Cross-Linking Kinetics of Poly(acrylamide) Hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11676-11684. [PMID: 32969661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Blue light induced photopolymerization and photo-cross-linking kinetics of acrylamide (AM), with camphorquinone/diphenyl iodonium hexafluorophosphate (CQ/DPI) as photoinitiators, were investigated. The effects of a number of parameters, including mass fraction of CQ, DPI, and AM (wCQ, wDPI, and wAM) and light intensity (I), on photopolymerization efficiency and photogelation process were systematically studied by photo-differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and photo-rheometry. Photo-DSC indicated that the maximum photopolymerization rate (Rp, max) was proportional to wCQ0.5, wDPI0.5, I0.5, and wAM, while Photo-Rheometry showed linear relationships between gel time tgel and wCQ and I, respectively, and power law relationships between tgel and wDPI and wAM, respectively. In addition, both peak cross-linking rate Rc,max, and delay time td, which were both linearly proportional to wCQ0.5, wDPI0.5, and I0.5, showed power law relationships with wAM. Furthermore, exponential patterns were observed between all these factors, wCQ, wDPI, wAM, and I and plateau modulus G'∞. Combining such correlations obtained from experimental data, an empirical model was established describing the projected mechanical properties of poly(acrylamide) hydrogels from blue light initiated photopolymerization and photo-cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Sun
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yi Huang
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
| | - Qinguo Fan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Shao
- Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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Kohl K. Comparison of Dynamic Light Scattering and Rheometrical Methods to Determine the Gel Point of a Radically Polymerized Hydrogel under Mechanical Shear. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11050462. [PMID: 32354108 PMCID: PMC7281437 DOI: 10.3390/mi11050462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The phase transition of nanocomposite hydrogels made of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and clay (Laponite® XLS) was investigated under mechanical shear influencing the gelation. The hydrogels were synthesized by free radical polymerization. For the processing of cross-linked gels, the phase transition (liquid–solid) and its dependence on mechanical stress are of paramount importance. On the one hand, the determination of the gel point (tg) is possible with rheometry and, on the other hand, with dynamic light scattering (DLS). With rotational rheometry, by identifying the abrupt increase of viscosity, the gel point is evaluated. The DSL is an alternative method to rheometry, to investigate hydrogels under the action of the shear flow, to make results comparable to the rheometric investigations, with and without shear. Experimental parameters were chosen based on preparatory work to obtain comparable results regarding the determination of the gel point of a radically polymerized NIPAm hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katinka Kohl
- Chair of Magnetofluiddynamics, Measuring and Automation Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Zhu P, Deng Y, Wang C. Graphene/cyclodextrin-based nanocomposite hydrogel with enhanced strength and thermo-responsive ability. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:804-811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gao W, Xing L, Zhang Q, Chen K, Liu P, Chen L, Yang N, Zhang X, Wang K, Wei Y. Nanocomposite hydrogel incorporated with polymerizable liquid crystal surfactant: Shape transition from layered to honeycomb pore structure and thermo/swelling behavior. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)–clay hydrogels: Control of mechanical properties and structure by the initiating conditions of polymerization. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Strachota B, Matějka L, Zhigunov A, Konefał R, Spěváček J, Dybal J, Puffr R. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-clay based hydrogels controlled by the initiating conditions: evolution of structure and gel formation. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:9291-9306. [PMID: 26428943 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01996f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The formation of the hydrogel poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-clay (LAPONITE®) by redox polymerization was investigated, and the main factors governing the gel build-up were determined. The significant effect of the redox initiating system ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS) and tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) on gel formation and structure was established, making it possible to control the structure of the gel. Moreover, the pre-reaction stage involving the quality of the clay exfoliation in an aqueous suspension and the interaction of reaction components with the clay play a role in controlling the polymerization and gel structure. The molecular and phase structure evolution during polymerization was followed in situ by the following independent techniques: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), chemorheology, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV/Vis). The combination of these methods enabled us to describe in detail particular progress stages during the gel formation and determine the correlation of the corresponding processes on a time and conversion scale. The mechanism of gel formation was refined based on these experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Strachota
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Libor Matějka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Alexander Zhigunov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Rafał Konefał
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Spěváček
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Dybal
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Rudolf Puffr
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Stempfle B, Große A, Ferse B, Arndt KF, Wöll D. Anomalous diffusion in thermoresponsive polymer-clay composite hydrogels probed by wide-field fluorescence microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:14056-61. [PMID: 25358126 DOI: 10.1021/la503571j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive materials exhibit an enormous potential for tissue engineering, separation systems, and drug delivery. We investigated the diffusion of laponite clay nanoparticles, which serve as physical cross-linkers to achieve improved material properties in poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-clay composite hydrogels close to the gel point. The networks are formed through physical interactions between PNIPAM chains and clay nanoparticles after these two components are mixed. In contrast to previous studies, a covalent labeling strategy was chosen to minimize the amount of free dyes in solution. Single-particle tracking of the labeled clay nanoparticles showed that their diffusion is anomalous at all temperatures used in this study, reflecting the viscoelastic behavior as a cross-linker. Stepwise heating from 24 to 38 °C resulted in a slight increase of the diffusion coefficient and the anomality parameter α up to the volume phase transition temperature of ca. 31 °C, which was followed by a significant drop of both parameters, reflecting strongly hindered motion of the collapsed nanoparticle aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Stempfle
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Konstanz , Universitätsstr.10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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Semiconductor nanoparticle-based hydrogels prepared via self-initiated polymerization under sunlight, even visible light. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1399. [PMID: 23466566 PMCID: PMC3590559 DOI: 10.1038/srep01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, people have used photosynthesized wood, bamboo, and cotton as building and clothing materials. The advantages of photo polymerization include the mild and easy process. However, the direct use of available sunlight for the preparation of materials is still a challenge due to its rather dilute intensity. Here, we show that semiconductor nanoparticles can be used for initiating monomer polymerization under sunlight and for cross-linking to form nanocomposite hydrogels with the aid of clay nanosheets. Hydrogels are an emerging multifunctional platform because they can be easily prepared using solar energy, retain semiconductor nanoparticle properties after immobilization, exhibit excellent mechanical strength (maximum compressive strength of 4.153 MPa and tensile strength 1.535 MPa) and high elasticity (maximum elongation of 2784%), and enable recyclable photodegradation of pollutants. This work suggests that functional nanoparticles can be immobilized in hydrogels for their collective application after combining their mechanical and physiochemical properties.
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Sato K, Yamamoto S, Ishimaru S. Gel Formation and Characterization of Clay–[Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)] Nanocomposites with Some Clay Minerals Prepared by Photopolymerization. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kana Sato
- Department of Green and Sustainable Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University
| | - Shota Yamamoto
- Department of Green and Sustainable Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University
| | - Shin’ichi Ishimaru
- Department of Green and Sustainable Chemistry, School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University
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Vyshivannaya OV, Laptinskaya TV, Makhaeva EE, Khokhlov AR. Dynamic light scattering in semi-interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyacrylamide and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam). POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x12080135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ferse B, Graf M, Krahl F, Arndt KF. Photopolymerization as Alternative Concept for Synthesis of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Clay Nanocomposite Hydrogels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hu X, Xiong L, Wang T, Zhu M, Liu X, Tong Z. Ultrahigh Tensibility and Stimuli-Response of Polymer-Hectorite Nanocomposite Hydrogels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Characterization of spatial inhomogeneities and dynamic properties of random cross-linked polystyrene networks by dynamic light scattering. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Haraguchi K, Takada T. Synthesis and Characteristics of Nanocomposite Gels Prepared by In Situ Photopolymerization in an Aqueous System. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902693x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Haraguchi
- Material Chemistry Laboratory, Kawamura Institute of Chemical Research, 631 Sakado, Sakura, Chiba 285-0078, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takada
- Material Chemistry Laboratory, Kawamura Institute of Chemical Research, 631 Sakado, Sakura, Chiba 285-0078, Japan
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Hu X, Wang T, Xiong L, Wang C, Liu X, Tong Z. Preferential adsorption of poly(ethylene glycol) on hectorite clay and effects on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/hectorite nanocomposite hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:4233-4238. [PMID: 19994842 DOI: 10.1021/la903298n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/Laponite nanocomposite hydrogel (NC gel) was synthesized via in situ polymerization in the Laponite suspension containing PEG. The adsorption of PEG on Laponite platelets was characterized by zeta-potential, which decreased with the PEG adsorption. The tensile strength decreased and elongation at break increased with increasing PEG concentration. The effective network chain density of PNIPAm/Laponite NC gels determined from the equilibrium modulus G(e) decreased upon adsorption of PEG on the Laponite. All of these results revealed the preferential adsorption of PEG on the Laponite platelets occupying the active sites for the PNIPAm chain anchoring, which hindered their cross-linking effect in the NC gels. However, the temperature sensitive swelling behavior still remained in the PNIPAm/Laponite NC gels containing PEG with higher swelling volume below the LCST due to the lower cross-linker density. By adjusting the amount of added PEG, we can easily control the properties of the PNIPAm/Laponite NC gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Hu
- Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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