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Dedieu P, Morand G, Loubière K, Ognier S, Tatoulian M. Microreactor designed for efficient plasma-liquid segmented flows. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3898-3908. [PMID: 38984493 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00315b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Microreactors were designed for gas-liquid plasma chemical processes and operated under segmented flows in a high aspect ratio (8.76) rectangular microchannel. First, the hydrodynamics of the gas-liquid flows generated at a T-junction was investigated for fifteen solvents commonly used in organic synthesis. The classical literature scaling laws were revised to describe the dependence of bubble and slug lengths, and bubble residence time on the liquid nature by introducing their liquid vapour pressure. Liquid film thickness and liquid residence time were estimated from residence time distribution experiments. Secondly, plasma could be successfully generated in these segmented flows for all the liquids. Due to the plasma dissipation of thermal energy, gas phase temperature increased and induced the lengthening of bubbles and the decrease in bubble residence time. The flow pattern was also impacted by the gas temperature increase. A flow map describing the evolution of the flow pattern under plasma conditions was built, enabling prediction of the flow pattern based on the liquid boiling point and dielectric constant. These microreactors have demonstrated great potential, and by adapting the synthesis solvent or the operating plasma conditions, they could find promising applications in gas-liquid plasma chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Dedieu
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, UMR 8247, 2PM Group, Chimie ParisTech-PSL, PSL Université Paris, CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gabriel Morand
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, UMR 8247, 2PM Group, Chimie ParisTech-PSL, PSL Université Paris, CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Karine Loubière
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR 5503, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, 4 Allée Emile Monso, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Ognier
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, UMR 8247, 2PM group, Sorbonne Université, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Michael Tatoulian
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, UMR 8247, 2PM Group, Chimie ParisTech-PSL, PSL Université Paris, CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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Mashiyama S, Hemmi R, Sato T, Kato A, Taniguchi T, Yamada M. Pushing the limits of microfluidic droplet production efficiency: engineering microchannels with seamlessly implemented 3D inverse colloidal crystals. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:171-181. [PMID: 38050757 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00913k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Although droplet microfluidics has been studied for the past two decades, its applications are still limited due to the low productivity of microdroplets resulting from the low integration of planar microchannel structures. In this study, a microfluidic system implementing inverse colloidal crystals (ICCs), a spongious matrix with regularly and densely formed three-dimensional (3D) interconnected micropores, was developed to significantly increase the throughput of microdroplet generation. A new bottom-up microfabrication technique was developed to seamlessly integrate the ICCs into planar microchannels by accumulating non-crosslinked spherical PMMA microparticles as sacrificial porogens in a selective area of a mold and later dissolving them. We have demonstrated that the densely arranged micropores on the spongious ICC of the microchannel function as massively parallel micronozzles, enabling droplet formation on the order of >10 kHz. Droplet size could be adjusted by flow conditions, fluid properties, and micropore size, and biopolymer particles composed of polysaccharides and proteins were produced. By further parallelization of the unit structures, droplet formation on the order of >100 kHz was achieved. The presented approach is an upgrade of the existing droplet microfluidics concept, not only in terms of its high throughput, but also in terms of ease of fabrication and operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Mashiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Runa Hemmi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Takeru Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Atsuya Kato
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Masumi Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
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Wu B, Xu X, Li G, Yang X, Du F, Tan W, Wang J, Dong S, Luo J, Wang X, Cao Z. High-Throughput Microfluidic Production of Droplets and Hydrogel Microspheres through Monolithically Integrated Microchannel Plates. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13586-13595. [PMID: 37624148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a highly effective microfluidic emulsion system using an integrated microchannel plate (MCP), a porous glass membrane that is readily available and densely packs millions of through-microchannels, for high-throughput production of monodisperse droplets. The physical controls of droplet formation, including viscosity, flow rate, and pore size, have been extensively explored for optimum emulsification conditions. The performance of the device has been validated where monodisperse droplets with a narrow coefficient of variance (<5%) can be achieved at a dispersed phase flux of 3 mL h-1 from a piece of 4 × 4 mm2 MCP. The average droplet size is two times the nominal membrane pore diameter and thus can be easily controlled by choosing the appropriate membrane type. The preparation of hydrogel microspheres has also been demonstrated with a high throughput of 1.5 × 106 particles min-1. These microspheres with a uniform size range and rough surface morphology provide suitable bioenvironments and serve as ideal carriers for cell culture. Mouse fibroblasts are shown to be cultured on these 3D scaffolds with an average cell viability of over 96%. The cell attachment rate can reach up to 112 ± 7% in 24 h and the proliferation ability increases with the number of culture days. Furthermore, the device has been applied in the droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for absolute quantification of lung cancer-related PLAU genes. The detection limit achieved was noted to be 0.5 copies/μL with a dynamic range of 105 ranging from 1 × 102 to 1 × 106 copies/μL. Given the easy fabrication, robust performance, and simple operation, the emulsion system sets the stage for the laboratory's droplet-based assays and applications in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxuan Wu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Guangyang Li
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xi Yang
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Feiya Du
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, P. R. China
| | - Shurong Dong
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, P. R. China
| | - Jikui Luo
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Cao
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, P. R. China
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4
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Li B, Ma X, Cheng J, Tian T, Guo J, Wang Y, Pang L. Droplets microfluidics platform-A tool for single cell research. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1121870. [PMID: 37152651 PMCID: PMC10154550 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1121870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are the most basic structural and functional units of living organisms. Studies of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell-cell interactions can help scientists understand the mysteries of living systems. However, there is considerable heterogeneity among cells. Great differences between individuals can be found even within the same cell cluster. Cell heterogeneity can only be clearly expressed and distinguished at the level of single cells. The development of droplet microfluidics technology opens up a new chapter for single-cell analysis. Microfluidic chips can produce many nanoscale monodisperse droplets, which can be used as small isolated micro-laboratories for various high-throughput, precise single-cell analyses. Moreover, gel droplets with good biocompatibility can be used in single-cell cultures and coupled with biomolecules for various downstream analyses of cellular metabolites. The droplets are also maneuverable; through physical and chemical forces, droplets can be divided, fused, and sorted to realize single-cell screening and other related studies. This review describes the channel design, droplet generation, and control technology of droplet microfluidics and gives a detailed overview of the application of droplet microfluidics in single-cell culture, single-cell screening, single-cell detection, and other aspects. Moreover, we provide a recent review of the application of droplet microfluidics in tumor single-cell immunoassays, describe in detail the advantages of microfluidics in tumor research, and predict the development of droplet microfluidics at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixuan Li
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xi Ma
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianghong Cheng
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Wang,
| | - Long Pang
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
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5
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Pieroth S, Heras‐Bautista CO, Hamad S, Brockmeier K, Hescheler J, Pfannkuche K, Schmidt AM. Poly(acrylamide) Spheroids with Tunable Elasticity for Scalable Cell Culture Applications. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Pieroth
- Chemistry Department Institute for Physical Chemistry University of Cologne 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Carlos O. Heras‐Bautista
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology Institute for Neurophysiology University of Cologne Medical Faculty and University Hospital 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Sarkawt Hamad
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology Institute for Neurophysiology University of Cologne Medical Faculty and University Hospital 50931 Cologne Germany
- Biology Department Faculty of Science Soran University Soran Kurdistan Region JGXP+9QW Iraq
- Marga‐and‐Walter‐Boll Laboratory for Cardiac Tissue Engineering University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Konrad Brockmeier
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Hospital of Cologne 50937 Cologne Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology Institute for Neurophysiology University of Cologne Medical Faculty and University Hospital 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Kurt Pfannkuche
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology Institute for Neurophysiology University of Cologne Medical Faculty and University Hospital 50931 Cologne Germany
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Hospital of Cologne 50937 Cologne Germany
- Marga‐and‐Walter‐Boll Laboratory for Cardiac Tissue Engineering University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Annette M. Schmidt
- Chemistry Department Institute for Physical Chemistry University of Cologne 50939 Cologne Germany
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6
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Hinderink EB, de Ruiter J, de Leeuw J, Schroën K, Sagis LM, Berton-Carabin CC. Early film formation in protein-stabilised emulsions: Insights from a microfluidic approach. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Schroen K, Berton-Carabin C, Renard D, Marquis M, Boire A, Cochereau R, Amine C, Marze S. Droplet Microfluidics for Food and Nutrition Applications. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:863. [PMID: 34442486 PMCID: PMC8400250 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics revolutionizes the way experiments and analyses are conducted in many fields of science, based on decades of basic research. Applied sciences are also impacted, opening new perspectives on how we look at complex matter. In particular, food and nutritional sciences still have many research questions unsolved, and conventional laboratory methods are not always suitable to answer them. In this review, we present how microfluidics have been used in these fields to produce and investigate various droplet-based systems, namely simple and double emulsions, microgels, microparticles, and microcapsules with food-grade compositions. We show that droplet microfluidic devices enable unprecedented control over their production and properties, and can be integrated in lab-on-chip platforms for in situ and time-resolved analyses. This approach is illustrated for on-chip measurements of droplet interfacial properties, droplet-droplet coalescence, phase behavior of biopolymer mixtures, and reaction kinetics related to food digestion and nutrient absorption. As a perspective, we present promising developments in the adjacent fields of biochemistry and microbiology, as well as advanced microfluidics-analytical instrument coupling, all of which could be applied to solve research questions at the interface of food and nutritional sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schroen
- Food Process and Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands; (K.S.); (C.B.-C.)
| | - Claire Berton-Carabin
- Food Process and Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands; (K.S.); (C.B.-C.)
- INRAE, BIA Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France; (D.R.); (A.B.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Denis Renard
- INRAE, BIA Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France; (D.R.); (A.B.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | | | - Adeline Boire
- INRAE, BIA Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France; (D.R.); (A.B.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Rémy Cochereau
- INRAE, BIA Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France; (D.R.); (A.B.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Chloé Amine
- INRAE, BIA Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France; (D.R.); (A.B.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
| | - Sébastien Marze
- INRAE, BIA Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, F-44316 Nantes, France; (D.R.); (A.B.); (R.C.); (C.A.)
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8
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Liu Y, Sun L, Zhang H, Shang L, Zhao Y. Microfluidics for Drug Development: From Synthesis to Evaluation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7468-7529. [PMID: 34024093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug development is a long process whose main content includes drug synthesis, drug delivery, and drug evaluation. Compared with conventional drug development procedures, microfluidics has emerged as a revolutionary technology in that it offers a miniaturized and highly controllable environment for bio(chemical) reactions to take place. It is also compatible with analytical strategies to implement integrated and high-throughput screening and evaluations. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the entire microfluidics-based drug development system, from drug synthesis to drug evaluation. The challenges in the current status and the prospects for future development are also discussed. We believe that this review will promote communications throughout diversified scientific and engineering communities that will continue contributing to this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Luoran Shang
- Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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9
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A Review on the Hydrodynamics of Taylor Flow in Microchannels: Experimental and Computational Studies. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Taylor flow is a strategy-aimed flow to transfer conventional single-phase into a more efficient two-phase flow resulting in an enhanced momentum/heat/mass transfer rate, as well as a multitude of other advantages. To date, Taylor flow has focused on the processes involving gas–liquid and liquid–liquid two-phase systems in microchannels over a wide range of applications in biomedical, pharmaceutical, industrial, and commercial sectors. Appropriately micro-structured design is, therefore, a key consideration for equipment dealing with transport phenomena. This review paper highlights the hydrodynamic aspects of gas–liquid and liquid–liquid two-phase flows in microchannels. It covers state-of-the-art experimental and numerical methods in the literature for analyzing and simulating slug flows in circular and non-circular microchannels. The review’s main objective is to identify the considerable opportunity for further development of microflows and provide suggestions for researchers in the field. Available correlations proposed for the transition of flow patterns are presented. A review of the literature of flow regime, slug length, and pressure drop is also carried out.
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10
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He S, Joseph N, Feng S, Jellicoe M, Raston CL. Application of microfluidic technology in food processing. Food Funct 2021; 11:5726-5737. [PMID: 32584365 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01278e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic technology is interdisciplinary with a diversity of applications including in food processing. The rapidly growing global population demands more advanced technologies in food processing to produce more functional and safer food, and for such processing microfluidic devices are a popular choice. This review critically critiques the state-of-the-art designs of microfluidic devices and their applications in food processing, and identifies the key research trends and future research directions for maximizing the value of microfluidic technology. Capillary, planar, and terrace droplet generation systems are currently used in the design of microfluidic devices, each with their strengths and weaknesses as applied in food processing, for emulsification, food safety measurements, and bioactive compound extraction. Conventional channel-based microfluidic devices are prone to clogging, and have high labor costs and low productivity, and their "directional pressure" restricts scaling-up capabilities. These disadvantages can be overcome by using "inside-out centrifugal force" and the new generation continuous flow thin-film microfluidic Vortex Fluidic Device (VFD) which facilitates translating laboratory processing into commercial products. Also highlighted is controlling protein-polysaccharide interactions and the applications of the produced ingredients in food formulations as targets for future development in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China. and Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
| | - Nikita Joseph
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
| | - Shilun Feng
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Matt Jellicoe
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
| | - Colin L Raston
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
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11
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Two-phase flow and mass transfer in microchannels: A review from local mechanism to global models. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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The Importance of Interfacial Tension in Emulsification: Connecting Scaling Relations Used in Large Scale Preparation with Microfluidic Measurement Methods. CHEMENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering4040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper starts with short descriptions of emulsion preparation methods used at large and smaller scales. We give scaling relations as they are generally used, and focus on the central role that interfacial tension plays in these relations. The actual values of the interfacial tension are far from certain given the dynamic behavior of surface-active components, and the lack of measurement methods that can be applied to conditions as they occur during large-scale preparation. Microfluidic techniques are expected to be very instrumental in closing this gap. Reduction of interfacial tension resulting from emulsifier adsorption at the oil-water interface is a complex process that consists of various steps. We discuss them here, and present methods used to probe them. Specifically, methods based on microfluidic tools are of great interest to study short droplet formation times, and also coalescence behavior of droplets. We present the newest insights in this field, which are expected to bring interfacial tension observations to a level that is of direct relevance for the large-scale preparation of emulsions, and that of other multi-phase products.
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13
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Zhang JM, Ji Q, Duan H. Three-Dimensional Printed Devices in Droplet Microfluidics. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E754. [PMID: 31690055 PMCID: PMC6915402 DOI: 10.3390/mi10110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics has become the most promising subcategory of microfluidics since it contributes numerous applications to diverse fields. However, fabrication of microfluidic devices for droplet formation, manipulation and applications is usually complicated and expensive. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) provides an exciting alternative to conventional techniques by simplifying the process and reducing the cost of fabrication. Complex and novel structures can be achieved via 3DP in a simple and rapid manner, enabling droplet microfluidics accessible to more extensive users. In this article, we review and discuss current development, opportunities and challenges of applications of 3DP to droplet microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Qinglei Ji
- Department of Production Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Machine Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Huiling Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- CAPT, HEDPS and IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center of MoE, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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14
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Zhu Q, Pan Y, Jia X, Li J, Zhang M, Yin L. Review on the Stability Mechanism and Application of Water‐in‐Oil Emulsions Encapsulating Various Additives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1660-1675. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomei Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural Univ. Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin Univ. of Science & Technology)Ministry of Education Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Yijun Pan
- Dept. of Food Science, RutgersThe State Univ. of New Jersey 65 Dudley Rd. New Brunswick NJ08901 USA
| | - Xin Jia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural Univ. Beijing China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthBeijing Technology and Business Univ. Beijing China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin Univ. of Science & Technology)Ministry of Education Tianjin 300457 China
| | - Lijun Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural Univ. Beijing China
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Zhang Y, Kobayashi I, Wada Y, Neves MA, Uemura K, Nakajima M. Asymmetric straight-through microchannel arrays made of aluminum for producing monodisperse O/W emulsions. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2019.1612488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Zhang
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Isao Kobayashi
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Marcos A. Neves
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Uemura
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakajima
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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16
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Feng Y, Lee Y. Microfluidic assembly of food-grade delivery systems: Toward functional delivery structure design. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Charpentier JB, Bizet L, Saouab A. Gravity induced fluid fragmentation in an asymmetric microfluidic Y junction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 532:300-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Water-in-oil emulsification in a bifurcated tree-like network: Flow distribution properties and their impact on the emulsion polydispersity. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bonat Celli G, Abbaspourrad A. Tailoring Delivery System Functionality Using Microfluidics. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2018; 9:481-501. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-030117-012545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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van Rijn CJM, van Heugten WGN. Droplet Formation by Confined Liquid Threads inside Microchannels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10035-10040. [PMID: 28869379 PMCID: PMC5618148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A confined liquid thread can form monodisperse droplets near the exit of a microchannel, provided the continuous phase is able to enter the microchannel. A general model that accurately predicts the droplet size including the breakup position inside the microchannel is presented and is verified with experimental observations; breakup occurs as long as the capillary number (Ca) of the liquid thread is below a critical capillary number (Cacr); for cylindrical microchannels, it is derived that Cacr = 1/16. Below Cacr, the formed droplets at the exit of the microchannel have a diameter approximately two times the diameter of the liquid thread; around and above Cacr, the liquid thread remains stable and the formed droplets grow infinitely large. The presented controlled droplet generation method is a useful tool for producing monodisperse emulsions and has great potential for the food and pharmaceutical industry.
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Khalid N, Kobayashi I, Neves MA, Uemura K, Nakajima M. Microchannel emulsification: A promising technique towards encapsulation of functional compounds. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2364-2385. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1323724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nauman Khalid
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Marcos A. Neves
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Mitsutoshi Nakajima
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and
New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced
Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingliang Xie
- Institute of Nuclear and
New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced
Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou P, Tarlet D, Wei M, Fan Y, Luo L. Novel multi-scale parallel mini-channel contactor for monodisperse water-in-oil emulsification. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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van Zwieten R, Verhaagen B, Schroën K, Fernández Rivas D. Emulsification in novel ultrasonic cavitation intensifying bag reactors. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 36:446-453. [PMID: 28069232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cavitation Intensifying Bags (CIBs), a novel reactor type for use with ultrasound, have been recently proposed as a scaled-up microreactor with increased energy efficiencies. We now report on the use of the CIBs for the preparation of emulsions out of hexadecane and an SDS aqueous solution. The CIBs have been designed in such a way that cavitation effects created by the ultrasound are increased. It was found that the CIBs were 60 times more effective in breaking up droplets than conventional bags, therewith showing a proof of principle for the CIBs for the preparation of emulsions. Droplets of 0.2μm could easily be obtained. To our knowledge, no other technology results in the same droplet size more easily in terms of energy usage. Without depending on the wettability changes of the membrane, the CIBs score similarly as membrane emulsification, which is the most energy friendly emulsification method known in literature. Out of the frequencies used, 37kHz was found to require the lowest treatment time. The treatment time decreased at higher temperatures. While the energy usage in the current non-optimised experiments was on the order of 107-109J/m3, which is comparable to that of a high-pressure homogenizer, we expect that the use of CIBs for the preparation of fine emulsions can still be improved considerably. The process presented can be applied for other uses such as water treatment, synthesis of nanomaterials and food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph van Zwieten
- Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Karin Schroën
- Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - David Fernández Rivas
- BuBclean, 7622PH Borne, The Netherlands; Mesoscale Chemical Systems Group, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
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Zhu P, Wang L. Passive and active droplet generation with microfluidics: a review. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 17:34-75. [PMID: 27841886 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01018k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 510] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Precise and effective control of droplet generation is critical for applications of droplet microfluidics ranging from materials synthesis to lab-on-a-chip systems. Methods for droplet generation can be either passive or active, where the former generates droplets without external actuation, and the latter makes use of additional energy input in promoting interfacial instabilities for droplet generation. A unified physical understanding of both passive and active droplet generation is beneficial for effectively developing new techniques meeting various demands arising from applications. Our review of passive approaches focuses on the characteristics and mechanisms of breakup modes of droplet generation occurring in microfluidic cross-flow, co-flow, flow-focusing, and step emulsification configurations. The review of active approaches covers the state-of-the-art techniques employing either external forces from electrical, magnetic and centrifugal fields or methods of modifying intrinsic properties of flows or fluids such as velocity, viscosity, interfacial tension, channel wettability, and fluid density, with a focus on their implementations and actuation mechanisms. Also included in this review is the contrast among different approaches of either passive or active nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingan Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. and HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqiu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. and HKU-Zhejiang Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-ZIRI), 311300, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Linking Findings in Microfluidics to Membrane Emulsification Process Design: The Importance of Wettability and Component Interactions with Interfaces. MEMBRANES 2016; 6:membranes6020026. [PMID: 27187484 PMCID: PMC4931521 DOI: 10.3390/membranes6020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In microfluidics and other microstructured devices, wettability changes, as a result of component interactions with the solid wall, can have dramatic effects. In emulsion separation and emulsification applications, the desired behavior can even be completely lost. Wettability changes also occur in one phase systems, but the effect is much more far-reaching when using two-phase systems. For microfluidic emulsification devices, this can be elegantly demonstrated and quantified for EDGE (Edge-base Droplet GEneration) devices that have a specific behavior that allows us to distinguish between surfactant and liquid interactions with the solid surface. Based on these findings, design rules can be defined for emulsification with any micro-structured emulsification device, such as direct and premix membrane emulsification. In general, it can be concluded that mostly surface interactions increase the contact angle toward 90°, either through the surfactant, or the oil that is used. This leads to poor process stability, and very limited pressure ranges at which small droplets can be made in microfluidic systems, and cross-flow membrane emulsification. In a limited number of cases, surface interactions can also lead to lower contact angles, thereby increasing the operational stability. This paper concludes with a guideline that can be used to come to the appropriate combination of membrane construction material (or any micro-structured device), surfactants and liquids, in combination with process conditions.
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Muijlwijk K, Hinderink E, Ershov D, Berton-Carabin C, Schroën K. Interfacial tension measured at high expansion rates and within milliseconds using microfluidics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 470:71-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Muijlwijk K, Berton-Carabin C, Schroën K. Cross-flow microfluidic emulsification from a food perspective. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Effects of surface treatment and storage conditions of silicon microchannel emulsification plates on their surface hydrophilicity and preparation of soybean oil-in-water emulsion droplets. J FOOD ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Microfluidic emulsification devices: from micrometer insights to large-scale food emulsion production. Curr Opin Food Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Chiu TK, Lei KF, Hsieh CH, Hsiao HB, Wang HM, Wu MH. Development of a microfluidic-based optical sensing device for label-free detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) through their lactic acid metabolism. SENSORS 2015; 15:6789-806. [PMID: 25808775 PMCID: PMC4435186 DOI: 10.3390/s150306789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a microfluidic-based optical sensing device for label-free detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), a rare cell species in blood circulation. Based on the metabolic features of cancer cells, live CTCs can be quantified indirectly through their lactic acid production. Compared with the conventional schemes for CTC detection, this label-free approach could prevent the biological bias due to the heterogeneity of the surface antigens on cancer cells. In this study, a microfluidic device was proposed to generate uniform water-in-oil cell-encapsulating micro-droplets, followed by the fluorescence-based optical detection of lactic acid produced within the micro-droplets. To test its feasibility to quantify cancer cells, experiments were carried out. Results showed that the detection signals were proportional to the number of cancer cells within the micro-droplets, whereas such signals were insensitive to the existence and number of leukocytes within. To further demonstrate its feasibility for cancer cell detection, the cancer cells with known cell number in a cell suspension was detected based on the method. Results revealed that there was no significant difference between the detected number and the real number of cancer cells. As a whole, the proposed method opens up a new route to detect live CTCs in a label-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Keng Chiu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Kin-Fong Lei
- Graduate Institute of Medical Mechatronics, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkuo, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Bo Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Ming Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
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WANG Z, NEVES MA, ISODA H, NAKAJIMA M. Preparation and Characterization of Micro/Nano-emulsions Containing Functional Food Components. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.11301/jsfe.16.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng WANG
- Alliance for Research on North Africa, University of Tsukuba
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Marcos A. NEVES
- Alliance for Research on North Africa, University of Tsukuba
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Hiroko ISODA
- Alliance for Research on North Africa, University of Tsukuba
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Mitsutoshi NAKAJIMA
- Alliance for Research on North Africa, University of Tsukuba
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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35
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36
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Sahin S, Sawalha H, Schroën K. High throughput production of double emulsions using packed bed premix emulsification. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Vladisavljević GT, Khalid N, Neves MA, Kuroiwa T, Nakajima M, Uemura K, Ichikawa S, Kobayashi I. Industrial lab-on-a-chip: design, applications and scale-up for drug discovery and delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1626-63. [PMID: 23899864 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics is an emerging and promising interdisciplinary technology which offers powerful platforms for precise production of novel functional materials (e.g., emulsion droplets, microcapsules, and nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles- and drug molecules) as well as high-throughput analyses (e.g., bioassays, detection, and diagnostics). In particular, multiphase microfluidics is a rapidly growing technology and has beneficial applications in various fields including biomedicals, chemicals, and foods. In this review, we first describe the fundamentals and latest developments in multiphase microfluidics for producing biocompatible materials that are precisely controlled in size, shape, internal morphology and composition. We next describe some microfluidic applications that synthesize drug molecules, handle biological substances and biological units, and imitate biological organs. We also highlight and discuss design, applications and scale up of droplet- and flow-based microfluidic devices used for drug discovery and delivery.
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38
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Nazir A, Schroën K, Boom R. The effect of pore geometry on premix membrane emulsification using nickel sieves having uniform pores. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Nazir A, Boom RM, Schroën K. Droplet break-up mechanism in premix emulsification using packed beds. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Wang K, Xie L, Lu Y, Luo G. Generation of monodispersed microdroplets by temperature controlled bubble condensation processes. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:73-76. [PMID: 23160234 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40159b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This work introduces a microfluidic method for the generation of monodispersed microdroplets by using temperature controlled bubble condensation processes. In this method, the dispersed phase is first vaporized in the feeding pipe and ruptured to monodispersed bubbles in a coflowing stream. These bubbles are then condensed in the downstream pipe, where monodispersed microdroplets are obtained. This method ensures the narrow distribution of droplet diameters and prepares microdroplets less than 200 μm in sub-millimeter fluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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41
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Zhang J, Tan J, Wang K, Lu Y, Luo G. Chlorohydrination of Allyl Chloride to Dichloropropanol in a Microchemical System. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301816k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Zhang
- The State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Tan
- The State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Wang
- The State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yangcheng Lu
- The State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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42
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Krebs T, Schroen K, Boom R. A microfluidic method to study demulsification kinetics. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:1060-1070. [PMID: 22215134 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc20930f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of experiments studying droplet coalescence in a dense layer of emulsion droplets using microfluidic circuits. The microfluidic structure allows direct observation of collisions and coalescence events between oil droplets dispersed in water. The coalescence rate of a flowing hexadecane-in-water emulsion was measured as a function of the droplet velocity and droplet concentration from image sequences measured with a high-speed camera. A trajectory analysis of colliding droplet pairs allows evaluation of the film drainage profile and coalescence time t(c.) The coalescence times obtained for thousands of droplet pairs enable us to calculate coalescence time distributions for each set of experimental parameters, which are the mean droplet approach velocity (v(0)), the mean dispersed phase fraction (φ) and the mean hydraulic diameter of a droplet pair (d(p)). The expected value E(t(c)) of the coalescence time distributions scales as E(t(c)) is proportional to (v(0))(-0.105±0.043)(d(p))(0.562±0.287), but is independent of φ. We discuss the potential of the procedure for the prediction of emulsion stability in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Krebs
- Institute for Sustainable Process Technology, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
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43
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Glawdel T, Elbuken C, Ren CL. Droplet formation in microfluidic T-junction generators operating in the transitional regime. I. Experimental observations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:016322. [PMID: 22400672 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.016322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This is the first part of a two-part study on the generation of droplets at a microfluidic T-junction operating in the transition regime where confinement of the droplet creates a large squeezing pressure that influences droplet formation. In this regime, the operation of the T-junction depends on the geometry of the intersection (height-to-width ratio, inlet width ratio), capillary number, flow ratio, and viscosity ratio of the two phases. Here in paper I we presented our experimental observations through the analysis of high-speed videos of the droplet formation process. Various parameters are tracked during the formation cycle such as the shape of the droplet (penetration depth and neck), interdroplet spacing, production rate, and flow of both phases across several T-junction designs and flow conditions. Generally, the formation process is defined by a two-stage model consisting of an initial filling stage followed by a necking stage. However, video evidence suggests the inclusion of a third stage, which we term the lag stage, at the beginning of the formation process that accounts for the retraction of the interface back into the injection channel after detachment. Based on the observations made in this paper, a model is developed to describe the formation process in paper II, which can be used to understand the design and operation of T-junction generators in the transition regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Glawdel
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L3G1
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44
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Seemann R, Brinkmann M, Pfohl T, Herminghaus S. Droplet based microfluidics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2012; 75:016601. [PMID: 22790308 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/1/016601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Droplet based microfluidics is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field of research combining soft matter physics, biochemistry and microsystems engineering. Its applications range from fast analytical systems or the synthesis of advanced materials to protein crystallization and biological assays for living cells. Precise control of droplet volumes and reliable manipulation of individual droplets such as coalescence, mixing of their contents, and sorting in combination with fast analysis tools allow us to perform chemical reactions inside the droplets under defined conditions. In this paper, we will review available drop generation and manipulation techniques. The main focus of this review is not to be comprehensive and explain all techniques in great detail but to identify and shed light on similarities and underlying physical principles. Since geometry and wetting properties of the microfluidic channels are crucial factors for droplet generation, we also briefly describe typical device fabrication methods in droplet based microfluidics. Examples of applications and reaction schemes which rely on the discussed manipulation techniques are also presented, such as the fabrication of special materials and biophysical experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Seemann
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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45
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Nazir A, Schroën K, Boom R. High-throughput premix membrane emulsification using nickel sieves having straight-through pores. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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46
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47
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Neethirajan S, Kobayashi I, Nakajima M, Wu D, Nandagopal S, Lin F. Microfluidics for food, agriculture and biosystems industries. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:1574-86. [PMID: 21431239 DOI: 10.1039/c0lc00230e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics, a rapidly emerging enabling technology has the potential to revolutionize food, agriculture and biosystems industries. Examples of potential applications of microfluidics in food industry include nano-particle encapsulation of fish oil, monitoring pathogens and toxins in food and water supplies, micro-nano-filtration for improving food quality, detection of antibiotics in dairy food products, and generation of novel food structures. In addition, microfluidics enables applications in agriculture and animal sciences such as nutrients monitoring and plant cells sorting for improving crop quality and production, effective delivery of biopesticides, simplified in vitro fertilization for animal breeding, animal health monitoring, vaccination and therapeutics. Lastly, microfluidics provides new approaches for bioenergy research. This paper synthesizes information of selected microfluidics-based applications for food, agriculture and biosystems industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Neethirajan
- Biological and Nanoscale Systems Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
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Gu H, Duits MHG, Mugele F. Droplets formation and merging in two-phase flow microfluidics. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:2572-97. [PMID: 21731459 PMCID: PMC3127135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12042572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-phase flow microfluidics is emerging as a popular technology for a wide range of applications involving high throughput such as encapsulation, chemical synthesis and biochemical assays. Within this platform, the formation and merging of droplets inside an immiscible carrier fluid are two key procedures: (i) the emulsification step should lead to a very well controlled drop size (distribution); and (ii) the use of droplet as micro-reactors requires a reliable merging. A novel trend within this field is the use of additional active means of control besides the commonly used hydrodynamic manipulation. Electric fields are especially suitable for this, due to quantitative control over the amplitude and time dependence of the signals, and the flexibility in designing micro-electrode geometries. With this, the formation and merging of droplets can be achieved on-demand and with high precision. In this review on two-phase flow microfluidics, particular emphasis is given on these aspects. Also recent innovations in microfabrication technologies used for this purpose will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Physics of Complex Fluids, Faculty of Science and Technology, IMPACT and MESA + Institutes, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (M.H.G.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Michel H. G. Duits
- Physics of Complex Fluids, Faculty of Science and Technology, IMPACT and MESA + Institutes, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (M.H.G.D.); (F.M.)
| | - Frieder Mugele
- Physics of Complex Fluids, Faculty of Science and Technology, IMPACT and MESA + Institutes, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands; E-Mails: (M.H.G.D.); (F.M.)
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Steegmans MLJ, De Ruiter J, Schroën KGPH, Boom RM. A descriptive force-balance model for droplet formation at microfluidic Y-junctions. AIChE J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Steegmans MLJ, Schroën KGPH, Boom RM. Microfluidic Y-junctions: A robust emulsification system with regard to junction design. AIChE J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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