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Dou J, Tang Y, Lu Z, He G, Xu J, He Y. Neglected but Efficient Electron Utilization Driven by Biochar-Coactivated Phenols and Peroxydisulfate: Polyphenol Accumulation Rather than Mineralization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:5703-5713. [PMID: 36932960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report an unrecognized but efficient nonradical mechanism in biochar-activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) systems. Combining a newly developed fluorescence trapper of reactive oxygen species with steady-state concentration calculations, we showed that raising pyrolysis temperatures of biochar (BC) from 400 to 800 °C remarkably enhanced trichlorophenol degradation but inhibited the catalytic production of radicals (SO4•- and •OH) in water and soil, thereby switching a radical-based activation into an electron-transfer-dominated nonradical pathway (contribution increased from 12.9 to 76.9%). Distinct from previously reported PDS* complex-determined oxidation, in situ Raman and electrochemical results of this study demonstrated that the simultaneous activation of phenols and PDS on the biochar surface triggers the potential difference-driven electron transfer. The formed phenoxy radicals subsequently undergo coupling and polymerization reactions to generate dimeric and oligomeric intermediates, which are eventually accumulated on the biochar surface and removed. Such a unique nonmineralizing oxidation achieved an ultrahigh electron utilization efficiency (ephenols/ePDS) of 182%. Through biochar molecular modeling and theoretical calculations, we highlighted the critical role of graphitic domains rather than redox-active moieties in lowering band-gap energy to facilitate electron transfer. Our work provides insights into outstanding contradictions and controversies related to nonradical oxidation and inspiration for more oxidant-saving remediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Dou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhijiang Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Geology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Guangzhi He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310058, China
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2
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Yuan J, Chen J, Wang Z, Yin R, Zhu X, Yang K, Peng Y, Li J. Identification of Active Sites over Metal-Free Carbon Catalysts for Flue Gas Desulfurization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2575-2583. [PMID: 36722821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based catalysts have been extensively used for flue gas desulfurization (FGD) and have exerted great importance in controlling SO2 emissions over the past decades. However, many fundamental details about the nature of the active sites and desulfurization mechanism still remain unclear. Here, we reported the experimental and theoretical identifications of active sites in FGD on carbon catalysts. Temperature-programmed decomposition allowed us to modulate the number of oxygen functional groups on carbon catalysts and to establish its correlation with desulfurization activity. Selective passivation further demonstrated that the ketonic carbonyl (C═O) groups are the intrinsic active sites for FGD reaction. Combined with transient response experiments, quasi-in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory simulations, it was revealed that desulfurization reaction on carbon catalysts mainly proceeded via the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, during which the nucleophilic ketonic C═O groups served as active sites for chemically absorbing SO2 and their adjacent sp2-hybridized carbon atoms dissociatively activated O2. It also turned out that the formation of H2SO4 is the reaction barrier step. The output of this study should not only advance the understanding of desulfurization at the atomic scale but also provide a general guideline for the rational design of efficient carbon catalysts for FGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yuan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Rongqiang Yin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kun Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yue Peng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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3
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Yuan J, Mi J, Yin R, Yan T, Liu H, Chen X, Liu J, Si W, Peng Y, Chen J, Li J. Identification of Intrinsic Active Sites for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitric Oxide on Metal-Free Carbon Catalysts via Selective Passivation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yuan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - JinXing Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Rongqiang Yin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhe Si
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yue Peng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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4
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Shao P, Jing Y, Duan X, Lin H, Yang L, Ren W, Deng F, Li B, Luo X, Wang S. Revisiting the Graphitized Nanodiamond-Mediated Activation of Peroxymonosulfate: Singlet Oxygenation versus Electron Transfer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16078-16087. [PMID: 34633787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphitized nanodiamonds (ND) exhibit outstanding capability in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the removal of aqueous organic micropollutants (OMPs). However, controversial observation and interpretation regarding the effect of graphitization degree on ND's activity and the role of singlet oxygen (1O2) in OMP degradation need to be clarified. Herein, we investigated graphitized ND-mediated PMS activation. Experiments show that the activity of ND increases first and then decreases with the monotonically increased graphitization degree. Further experimental and theoretical studies unveil that the intensified surface graphitization alters the degradation mechanism from singlet oxygenation to an electron-transfer pathway. Moreover, for the first time, we applied a self-constructed, time-resolved phosphorescence detection system to provide direct evidence for 1O2 production in the PMS-based system. This work not only elucidates the graphitization degree-dependent activation mechanism of PMS but also provides a reliable detection system for in situ analysis of 1O2 in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Jing
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Huiyun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P. R. China
| | - Liming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, P. R. China
| | - Fang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, P. R. China
| | - Buhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P. R. China
| | - Xubiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, P. R. China
| | - Shaobin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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5
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Zhang M, Xu Y, Yang M, Yudasaka M, Okazaki T. Clearance of single-wall carbon nanotubes from the mouse lung: a quantitative evaluation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1551-1559. [PMID: 36132314 PMCID: PMC9419824 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00040j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that absorb light in the near-infrared region, we have developed a method to quantify the biodistribution of CNTs in mouse tissues such as the liver, lungs and spleen. By using this method, the kinetic biodistribution of single-walled CNTs (SWNTs) after intravenous injection into mice for 60 days has been successfully investigated. The results show that the biodistribution of CNTs was diameter-dependent by comparing two different diameters of SWNTs. The SWNTs with larger diameters (1-5 nm) accumulated more in the liver or spleen but less in the lungs than those with smaller diameters (0.7-0.9 nm). The quantities of both SWNTs in the liver and lungs decreased with time and showed no significant change in the spleen, which is also confirmed by histological analysis. In particular, the results have demonstrated that both SWNTs are cleared from the lungs almost completely within 60 days, suggesting that the pulmonary toxicity of SWNTs would be low when low amounts of CNTs (<70 μg g-1 of tissue) enter inside the lungs. In addition, no obvious inflammatory responses are found from the measurement of the cytokines TGF-β1, IL-6, INF-γ, and TNF-α in the plasma and organs after the injection of both SWNTs into mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minfang Zhang
- CNT Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Ying Xu
- CNT Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Mei Yang
- CNT Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Masako Yudasaka
- Research Institute of Nanomaterials, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku-ku Nagoya 468-8502 Japan
| | - Toshiya Okazaki
- CNT Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
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6
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Rao CNR, Pramoda K. Borocarbonitrides, BxCyNz, 2D Nanocomposites with Novel Properties. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. N. R. Rao
- School of Advanced Materials, International Centre for Material Science and New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
| | - K. Pramoda
- School of Advanced Materials, International Centre for Material Science and New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur P. O., Bangalore 560064, India
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7
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Barua M, Sreedhara M, Pramoda K, Rao C. Quantification of surface functionalities on graphene, boron nitride and borocarbonitrides by fluorescence labeling. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Chiu CF, Saidi WA, Kagan VE, Star A. Defect-Induced Near-Infrared Photoluminescence of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Treated with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4859-4865. [PMID: 28288512 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been incorporated in many emerging applications in the biomedical field including chemical sensing, biological imaging, drug delivery, and photothermal therapy. To overcome inherent hydrophobicity and improve their biocompatibility, pristine SWCNTs are often coated with surfactants, polymers, DNA, proteins, or lipids. In this paper, we report the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on SWCNT photoluminescence. A decrease in the SWCNT bandgap emission (E11) and a new red-shifted emission (E11-) were observed in the presence of PUFAs. We attribute the change in SWCNT photoluminescence to the formation of oxygen-containing defects by lipid hydroperoxides through photo-oxidation. The observed changes in near-infrared emission of SWCNTs are important for understanding the interaction between SWCNTs and lipid biocorona. Our results also indicate that photoexcited SWCNTs can catalyze lipid peroxidation similarly to lipoxygenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Fai Chiu
- Departments of †Chemistry, ‡Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, §Environmental and Occupational Health, and ∥Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Wissam A Saidi
- Departments of †Chemistry, ‡Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, §Environmental and Occupational Health, and ∥Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Departments of †Chemistry, ‡Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, §Environmental and Occupational Health, and ∥Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Alexander Star
- Departments of †Chemistry, ‡Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, §Environmental and Occupational Health, and ∥Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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9
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Braun EI, Draper R, Pantano P. Enriched surface acidity for surfactant-free suspensions of carboxylated carbon nanotubes purified by centrifugation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8:26-33. [PMID: 27695672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancr.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that surfactant-suspended carbon nanotube (CNT) samples can be purified by centrifugation to decrease agglomerates and increase individually-dispersed CNTs. However, centrifugation is not always part of protocols to prepare CNT samples used in biomedical applications. Herein, using carboxylated multi-walled CNTs (cMWCNTs) suspended in water without a surfactant, we developed a Boehm titrimetric method for the analysis of centrifuged cMWCNT suspensions and used it to show that the surface acidity of oxidized carbon materials in aqueous cMWCNT suspensions was enriched by ~40% by a single low-speed centrifugation step. This significant difference in surface acidity between un-centrifuged and centrifuged cMWCNT suspensions has not been previously appreciated and is important because the degree of surface acidity is known to affect the interactions of cMWCNTs with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth I Braun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Rockford Draper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA; Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Paul Pantano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA; Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
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10
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Chen C, Suryanto BHR, Zhao C, Jiang X, Yu A. Direct Hydrothermal Synthesis of Carbonaceous Silver Nanocables for Electrocatalytic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3557-3567. [PMID: 25808560 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a facile but efficient hydrothermal method for the direct synthesis of both carbonaceous silver (Ag@C core-shell) nanocables and carbonaceous nanotubes under mild conditions (<180 °C). The carbonaceous tubes can be formed by removal of the silver cores via an etching process under temperature control (60-140 °C). The structure and composition are characterized using various advanced microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The pertinent variables such as temperature, reaction time, and surfactants that can affect the formation and growth of the nanocables and nanotubes are investigated and optimized. It is found that cetyltrimethylammonium bromide plays multiple roles in the formation of Ag@C nanocables and carbonaceous nanotubes including: a shape controller for metallic Ag wires and Ag@C cables, a source of Br(-) ions to form insoluble AgBr and then Ag crystals, an etching agent of silver cores to form carbonaceous tubes, and an inducer to refill silver particles into the carbonaceous tubes to form core-shell structures. The formation mechanism of carbonaceous silver nanostructures depending upon temperature is also discussed. Finally, the electrocatalytic performance of the as-prepared Ag@C nanocables is assessed for the oxidation reduction reaction and found to be very active but much less costly than the commonly used platinum catalysts. The findings should be useful for designing and constructing carbonaceous-metal nanostructures with potential applications in conductive materials, catalysts, and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Chuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Xuchuan Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Aibing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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11
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Córdoba A, Monjo M, Hierro-Oliva M, González-Martín ML, Ramis JM. Bioinspired Quercitrin Nanocoatings: A Fluorescence-Based Method for Their Surface Quantification, and Their Effect on Stem Cell Adhesion and Differentiation to the Osteoblastic Lineage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:16857-16864. [PMID: 26167954 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenol-based coatings have several potential applications in medical devices, such as cardiovascular stents, contrast agents, drug delivery systems, or bone implants, due to the multiple bioactive functionalities of these compounds. In a previous study, we fabricated titanium surfaces functionalized with flavonoids through covalent chemistry, and observed their osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties in vitro. In this work, we report a fluorescence-based method for the quantification of the amount of flavonoid grafted onto the surfaces, using 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate, a boronic ester that spontaneously forms a fluorescent complex with flavonoids. The method is sensitive, simple, rapid, and easy to perform with routine equipment, and could be applied to determine the surface coverage of other plant-derived polyphenol-based coatings. Besides, we evaluated an approach based on reductive amination to covalently graft the flavonoid quercitrin to Ti substrates, and optimized the grafting conditions. Depending on the reaction conditions, the amount of quercitrin grafted was between 64 ± 10 and 842 ± 361 nmol on 6.2 mm Ti coins. Finally, we evaluated the in vitro behavior of bone-marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on the quercitrin nanocoated Ti surfaces. The surfaces functionalized with quercitrin showed a faster stem cell adhesion than control surfaces, probably due to the presence of the catechol groups of quercitrin on the surfaces. A rapid cell adhesion is crucial for the successful performance of an implant. Furthermore, quercitrin-nanocoated surfaces enhanced the mineralization of the cells after 21 days of cell culture. These results indicate that quercitrin nanocoatings could promote the rapid osteointegration of bone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Córdoba
- †Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- ‡Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marta Monjo
- †Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- ‡Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Margarita Hierro-Oliva
- §Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
- ∥Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Luisa González-Martín
- §Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
- ∥Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joana Maria Ramis
- †Group of Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- ‡Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Palma, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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12
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Burgess R, Buono C, Davies PR, Davies RJ, Legge T, Lai A, Lewis R, Morgan DJ, Robinson N, Willock DJ. The functionalisation of graphite surfaces with nitric acid: Identification of functional groups and their effects on gold deposition. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Yan Y, Miao J, Yang Z, Xiao FX, Yang HB, Liu B, Yang Y. Carbon nanotube catalysts: recent advances in synthesis, characterization and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3295-346. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00492b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are promising materials for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Yan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Jianwei Miao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Zhihong Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Fang-Xing Xiao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Hong Bin Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Yanhui Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
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14
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Buono C, Davies PR, Davies RJ, Jones T, Kulhavý J, Lewis R, Morgan DJ, Robinson N, Willock DJ. Spectroscopic and atomic force studies of the functionalisation of carbon surfaces: new insights into the role of the surface topography and specific chemical states. Faraday Discuss 2014; 173:257-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00061g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The utility of carbon materials in applications as diverse as drug delivery and photocatalysis is often undermined by the complexity of their surface chemistry; different sources of carbon give rise to a varied mixture of functional groups and hence different properties. Considerable efforts have been made to identify specific groups at these surfaces and elucidate the complex interactions that take place but even on materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes there remains uncertainty about the nature of the components present and their role in the nucleation of other functional materials at the surface. The present study uses highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) as a model on which the fundamental properties of specific functional groups and their interactions with deposited nanoparticles can be characterised. We have shown that treatment of HOPG surfaces with low concentrations of hydrochloric acid results in significant topographic changes to the surface and a low concentration of oxygen containing species. From selective derivatization and a comparison of their XP spectra, the latter can be unambiguously identified as surface hydroxyls. DFT calculations have shown that these groups are stable in close proximity to each other. Heating to 573 K leads to conversion of the hydroxyls to mixture of two states, one of which is identified as a ketone whilst the other is proposed to be an ether. Gold deposition on the surface from aqueous solutions of chloroauric acid is shown to be strongly influenced by the nature of the oxygen species present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Buono
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - Philip R. Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - Robert J. Davies
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - Thomas Jones
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - Jiří Kulhavý
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - Ryan Lewis
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - David J. Morgan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - Neil Robinson
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
| | - David J. Willock
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute
- School of Chemistry
- Cardiff University
- Cardiff, UK
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15
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Qi W, Liu W, Zhang B, Gu X, Guo X, Su D. Oxidative Dehydrogenation on Nanocarbon: Identification and Quantification of Active Sites by Chemical Titration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:14224-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Qi W, Liu W, Zhang B, Gu X, Guo X, Su D. Oxidative Dehydrierung an Nanokohlenstoff: Identifizierung und Quantifizierung aktiver Zentren durch chemische Titration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Hanelt S, Friedrich JF, Meyer-Plath A. UV Spectrometric Indirect Analysis of Brominated MWCNTs with UV Active Thiols and an Alkene-Reaction Kinetics, Quantification and Differentiation of Adsorbed Bromine and Oxygen. MATERIALS 2013; 6:3035-3063. [PMID: 28811421 PMCID: PMC5521233 DOI: 10.3390/ma6083035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Indirect UV-absorption spectrometry was shown to be a valuable tool for chemical characterization of functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs). It complements data from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) or FTIR analysis since it helps to clarify the type and concentration of functional groups. The principles of indirect application of UV-spectrometry and its mathematical interpretation are discussed. Their facile application, together with their adequate sensitivity and high flexibility, make UV-absorption-based approaches a valuable alternative to fluorescence spectrometry. Here, the approach was applied to the chemical analysis of oxidizing substances on CNTs. For this, pristine CNTs of low but finite oxygen content as well as brominated CNTs were analyzed by reaction in suspension with UV-active thiol reagents and a styrene derivative. It was shown that carefully selected reagents allow differentiation and quantification of bromine and generally oxidizing entities like oxygen. For brominated CNTs, it was shown that physisorbed bromine may dominate the overall bromine content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Hanelt
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division 6.6, Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin 12200, Germany.
| | - Jörg F Friedrich
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division 6.6, Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin 12200, Germany.
| | - Asmus Meyer-Plath
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division 6.6, Unter den Eichen 87, Berlin 12200, Germany.
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18
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Wei L, Jiang W, Goh K, Chen Y. Mechanical reinforcement of polyethylene using n-
alkyl group-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes: Effect of alkyl group carbon chain length and density. POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Wenchao Jiang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Kunli Goh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Yuan Chen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459 Singapore
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19
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Sapsford KE, Algar WR, Berti L, Gemmill KB, Casey BJ, Oh E, Stewart MH, Medintz IL. Functionalizing nanoparticles with biological molecules: developing chemistries that facilitate nanotechnology. Chem Rev 2013; 113:1904-2074. [PMID: 23432378 DOI: 10.1021/cr300143v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 824] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim E Sapsford
- Division of Biology, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
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20
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In-site observation of the crystallization of nylon-6 mediated by the interfacial hydrogen bonds. Colloid Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-012-2815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Chiu CF, Dementev N, Borguet E. Fluorescence Quenching of Dyes Covalently Attached to Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:9579-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jp200152z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk Fai Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Nikolay Dementev
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Eric Borguet
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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22
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Zhang C, Zhu W, Gao L, Chen YM. Pegylated single-walled carbon nanotubes with gelable block copolymers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-011-1068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Subramanian B, Kim N, Lee W, Spivak DA, Nikitopoulos DE, McCarley RL, Soper SA. Surface modification of droplet polymeric microfluidic devices for the stable and continuous generation of aqueous droplets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:7949-57. [PMID: 21608975 PMCID: PMC3443641 DOI: 10.1021/la200298n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics performed in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microfluidic devices resulted in significant wall wetting by water droplets formed in a liquid-liquid segmented flow when using a hydrophobic carrier fluid such as perfluorotripropylamine (FC-3283). This wall wetting led to water droplets with nonuniform sizes that were often trapped on the wall surfaces, leading to unstable and poorly controlled liquid-liquid segmented flow. To circumvent this problem, we developed a two-step procedure to hydrophobically modify the surfaces of PMMA and other thermoplastic materials commonly used to make microfluidic devices. The surface-modification route involved the introduction of hydroxyl groups by oxygen plasma treatment of the polymer surface followed by a solution-phase reaction with heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl trichlorosilane dissolved in fluorocarbon solvent FC-3283. This procedure was found to be useful for the modification of PMMA and other thermoplastic surfaces, including polycyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and polycarbonate (PC). Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the fluorination of these polymers took place with high surface selectivity. This procedure was used to modify the surface of a PMMA droplet microfluidic device (DMFD) and was shown to be useful in reducing the wetting problem during the generation of aqueous droplets in a perfluorotripropylamine (FC-3283) carrier fluid and could generate stable segmented flows for hours of operation. In the case of PMMA DMFD, oxygen plasma treatment was carried out after the PMMA cover plate was thermally fusion bonded to the PMMA microfluidic chip. Because the appended chemistry to the channel wall created a hydrophobic surface, it will accommodate the use of other carrier fluids that are hydrophobic as well, such as hexadecane or mineral oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry and Center for BioModular Multi-scale Systems, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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24
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Ashcraft E, Ji H, Mays J, Dadmun M. Grafting Polymer Loops onto Functionalized Nanotubes: Monitoring Grafting and Loop Formation. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201000557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Chemical and structural characterization of carbon nanotube surfaces. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 396:1003-14. [PMID: 20052581 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Revised: 11/18/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To utilize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in various commercial and scientific applications, the graphene sheets that comprise CNT surfaces are often modified to tailor properties, such as dispersion. In this article, we provide a critical review of the techniques used to explore the chemical and structural characteristics of CNTs modified by covalent surface modification strategies that involve the direct incorporation of specific elements and inorganic or organic functional groups into the graphene sidewalls. Using examples from the literature, we discuss not only the popular techniques such as TEM, XPS, IR, and Raman spectroscopy but also more specialized techniques such as chemical derivatization, Boehm titrations, EELS, NEXAFS, TPD, and TGA. The chemical or structural information provided by each technique discussed, as well as their strengths and limitations. Particular emphasis is placed on XPS and the application of chemical derivatization in conjunction with XPS to quantify functional groups on CNT surfaces in situations where spectral deconvolution of XPS lineshapes is ambiguous.
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26
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Coupled thermogravimetry, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy for quantification of surface functionality on single-walled carbon nanotubes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:1037-44. [PMID: 19838681 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have successfully applied coupled thermogravimetry, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy to the quantification of surface functional groups on single-walled carbon nanotubes. A high-purity single-walled carbon nanotube sample was subjected to a rapid functionalization reaction that attached butyric acid moieties to the nanotube sidewalls. This sample was then subjected to thermal analysis under inert desorption conditions. Resultant infrared and mass spectrometric data were easily utilized to identify the desorption of the butyric acid groups across a narrow temperature range and we were able to calculate the degree of substitution of the attached acid groups within the nanotube backbone as 1.7 carbon atoms per hundred, in very good agreement with independent analytical measurements made by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The thermal analysis technique was also able to discern the presence of secondary functional moieties on the nanotube samples that were not accessible by ICP-OES. This work demonstrates the potential of this technique for assessing the presence of multiple and diverse functional addends on the nanotube sidewalls, beyond just the principal groups targeted by the specific functionalization reaction.
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