1
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Doshi SM, Barry A, Schneider A, Parambil N, Mulzer C, Yahyazadehfar M, Samadi-Dooki A, Foltz B, Warrington K, Wessel R, Zhang L, Simone C, Blackman GS, Lamontia MA, Gillespie JW. Adhesion Characterization and Enhancement between Polyimide-Silica Composite and Nodulated Copper for Applications in Next-Generation Microelectronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2692-2703. [PMID: 38173339 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
As the need for high-speed electronics continues to rise rapidly, printed wiring board (PWB) requirements become ever-more demanding. A typical PWB is fabricated by bonding dielectric films such as polyimide to electrically conductive copper foil such as rolled annealed (RA) copper and is expected to become thinner, flexible, durable, and compatible with high-frequency 5G performance. Polyimide films inherently feature a higher coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) than copper foils; this mismatch causes residual thermal stresses. To attenuate the mismatch, silica nanoparticles may be used to reduce the CTE of PI. A nodulated copper surface can be used to enhance the Cu/PI adhesion by additional bonding mechanisms that could include a type of mechanical bonding, which is a focus of this study. In this investigation, a 90° peel test was used to measure the peel strength in copper/polyimide/copper laminates containing nodulated copper and polyimide reinforced with 0, 20, and 40 wt % silica nanoparticles. The influence of silica nanoparticles on the peel strength was quantitatively evaluated. Laminates incorporating polyimide films lacking silica nanoparticles had a ∼3.75× higher peel strength compared with laminates reinforced with 40% silica. Their failure surfaces were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to identify the mode of failure and to understand bonding mechanisms. The key bonding mechanism, mechanical interlocking, was achieved when the polyimide surrounded or engulfed the copper nodules when the laminate was created. Post-testing failure surface analysis revealed the presence of copper on the polyimide side and polyimide on the copper side, indicating mixed mode failure. An analytical model was developed to determine the impact of applied pressure, temperature, and time on the polyimide penetration and mechanical interlocking around the copper nodules. The model was validated by measuring the peel strength on another set of specimens fabricated using increased temperature and pressure that showed a 3× increase in peel strength compared to lower temperature/pressure processing conditions. This enhanced adhesion resulted from the lower polymer material viscosity at higher temperatures, which fosters deeper and more complete penetration around the copper nodules during processing at higher pressures for longer durations. The methodology of combining peel testing, viscosity and CTE measurement, SEM/EDX, surface chemical analysis, and penetration depth calculation developed herein enables the calculation of the desired processing parameters to enhance functionality and improve adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar M Doshi
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Alexander Barry
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Alexander Schneider
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Nithin Parambil
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Catherine Mulzer
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Mobin Yahyazadehfar
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Aref Samadi-Dooki
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Benjamin Foltz
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Keith Warrington
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Richard Wessel
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Christopher Simone
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Gregory S Blackman
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - Mark A Lamontia
- DuPont Specialty Products USA LLC, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, United States
| | - John W Gillespie
- Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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2
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Rivollier N, Schwiddessen R, Cabrera G, Combeaud C, Schorr S, Dennler G. Montmorillonite Exfoliation in LLDPE and Factors Affecting Its Orientation: From Monolayer to Multi-Nano-Layer Polymer Films. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:200. [PMID: 38256999 PMCID: PMC10820231 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The motivations of the present work are to investigate the exfoliation of montmorillonite within a linear low-density polyethylene matrix and to control its orientation during the cast extrusion process. The first part is focused on the exfoliation of the montmorillonite through the melt extrusion process. The accuracy and relevance of each method used to determine the exfoliation state of montmorillonite have been examined, thanks to X-ray diffraction, transmission electronic microscopy, and rheology. All these methods have presented limitations, but the combination of all leads to a better estimation of the exfoliation state. Finally, the orientation of the montmorillonite is quantified systematically by X-ray texture analysis and correlated with process parameters to discern which one is affecting their orientation. The results have demonstrated an enhancement of the "in-plane" orientation of the montmorillonite with the exfoliation, especially at high concentration and when combined with cast extrusion. Finally, in the multi-nano-layer polymer film configuration, the reduction of the individual layers 29 nm thickness leads to some orientation improvements. However, these improvements are almost at the same level as the concentration effect in a monolayer system. This work gives an overview of all the parameters needed to achieve a significant organo-modified montmorillonite "in-plane" orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Rivollier
- Industrial Technical Centre for Plastics and Composites (IPC), 01100 Bellignat, France
- Institute of Geological Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstr. 74-100, 12249 Berlin, Germany
| | - René Schwiddessen
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Department of Structure and Dynamic of Energy Materials, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Geraldine Cabrera
- Industrial Technical Centre for Plastics and Composites (IPC), 01100 Bellignat, France
| | - Christelle Combeaud
- MINES Paris, PSL University, Center for Materials Forming (CEMEF), UMR CNRS 7635, 1 Rue Claude Daunesse, CS 10207, 06904 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Susan Schorr
- Institute of Geological Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstr. 74-100, 12249 Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Department of Structure and Dynamic of Energy Materials, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gilles Dennler
- Industrial Technical Centre for Plastics and Composites (IPC), 01100 Bellignat, France
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3
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Mahmoud A, Gajbhiye R, Elkatatny S. Application of Organoclays in Oil-Based Drilling Fluids: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:29847-29858. [PMID: 37636975 PMCID: PMC10448693 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Organoclays (OCs), formed by surface modification of clay minerals using organic compounds, are typical additives for providing rheology for oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs). There are different studies on the effect of OCs on the rheological properties of oil-based systems under high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) conditions, but finding new OCs as rheology control agents is attractive for drilling fluid engineers. This work reviews different OCs used in OBDFs, namely, organo-montmorillonite (OMMT), organo-sepiolite (OSEP), and organo-palygorskite (OPAL). Furthermore, the structure of OCs in OBDFs, their rheological properties, and the thermal stability of OCs were investigated. Besides, the role of fibrous and layered OCs in enhancing the rheological properties of OBDFs is illustrated. Finally, the synergistic use of different OCs to enhance the thermal stability and rheological properties of the OBDFs is presented. The study highlights research gaps and recommendations for research approaches and potential areas that need further investigation. The application of OCs in OBDFs is a wide field and has huge potential to be developed. The use of OCs in OBDFs will promote development in the oil and gas industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoud
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahul Gajbhiye
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salaheldin Elkatatny
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Vinod A, Tadmor R, Katoshevski D, Gutmark EJ. Gels That Serve as Mucus Simulants: A Review. Gels 2023; 9:555. [PMID: 37504435 PMCID: PMC10379079 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucus is a critical part of the human body's immune system that traps and carries away various particulates such as anthropogenic pollutants, pollen, viruses, etc. Various synthetic hydrogels have been developed to mimic mucus, using different polymers as their backbones. Common to these simulants is a three-dimensional gel network that is physically crosslinked and is capable of loosely entrapping water within. Two of the challenges in mimicking mucus using synthetic hydrogels include the need to mimic the rheological properties of the mucus and its ability to capture particulates (its adhesion mechanism). In this paper, we review the existing mucus simulants and discuss their rheological, adhesive, and tribological properties. We show that most, but not all, simulants indeed mimic the rheological properties of the mucus; like mucus, most hydrogel mucus simulants reviewed here demonstrated a higher storage modulus than its loss modulus, and their values are in the range of that found in mucus. However, only one mimics the adhesive properties of the mucus (which are critical for the ability of mucus to capture particulates), Polyvinyl alcohol-Borax hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Appu Vinod
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Rafael Tadmor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - David Katoshevski
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ephraim J Gutmark
- Department of Aerospace Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
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5
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Razavi-Nouri M. Effect of NBR and organoclay contents on physical gelation of the uncured EVA/NBR/OMMT nanocomposites. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-023-01163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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6
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Wu G, Lei L, Wu Y, Yu F, Li J, He H. Preparation and Characterization of Polypropylene/Sepiolite Nanocomposites for Potential Application in Automotive Lightweight Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040802. [PMID: 36850086 PMCID: PMC9958923 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP)/sepiolite nanocomposites were prepared using the melt blending technique. The effects of nano-sepiolite content on the mechanical property, thermal property, crystallinity, morphology and rheological property of PP/sepiolite nanocomposites were investigated. The organic modified sepiolites (OSep) were dispersed evenly in PP matrix after surface treatment. The addition of OSep improved the storage modulus and thermal stability, showing a strong interaction between OSep and PP matrix. With the increase of OSep content, the fluidity of PP/OSep composites first increased due to the lubrication of surface modifiers and then decreased due to the interaction between OSep and PP. The size of the toughening agent elastomer first increased and then decreased, and the impact notched strength of PP/Osep composites first decreased and then increased. The loading of OSep also reduced the crystallinity and shrinkage rate of PP. PP/OSep nanocomposites have potential applications in high-performance automotive lightweight materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Liang Lei
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yijian Wu
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Fei Yu
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Hui He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence:
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7
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Wen J, Cui Y, Huang D, Li Y, Yu X, Zhang X, Meng X, Zhou Q. Mechanical, rheological, and carbon dioxide barrier properties of polyvinylidene fluoride/
TiO
2
composites for flexible riser applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Wen
- College of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum‐Beijing Beijing China
| | - Yi Cui
- College of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum‐Beijing Beijing China
| | - Dong Huang
- College of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum‐Beijing Beijing China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Deepwater Engineering CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd Beijing China
| | - Xichong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Deepwater Engineering CNOOC Research Institute Co., Ltd Beijing China
| | - Xinpeng Zhang
- College of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum‐Beijing Beijing China
| | - Xiaoyu Meng
- College of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum‐Beijing Beijing China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- College of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum‐Beijing Beijing China
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8
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Zhang Y, Guo W. Effects of core‐shell structured rubber on biobased polyamide 56 with stiffness and toughness balance. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Zhang
- Institute of Biobased Materials, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Weihong Guo
- Institute of Biobased Materials, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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9
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Schifino G, Gasparini C, Drudi S, Giannelli M, Sotgiu G, Posati T, Zamboni R, Treossi E, Maccaferri E, Giorgini L, Mazzarro R, Morandi V, Palermo V, Bertoldo M, Aluigi A. Keratin/Polylactic acid/graphene oxide composite nanofibers for drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121888. [PMID: 35716978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work keratin/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 50/50 wt blend nanofibers with different loadings of graphene-oxide (GO) were prepared by electrospinning and tested as delivery systems of Rhodamine Blue (RhB), selected as a model of a drug. The effect of GO on the electrospinnability and drug release mechanism and kinetics was investigated. Rheological measurements carried out on the blend solutions revealed unsatisfactory compatibility between keratin and PLA under quiet condition. Accordingly, poor interfacial adhesion between the two phases was observed by SEM analysis of a film prepared by solution casting. On the contrary, keratin chains seem to rearrange under the flux conditions of the electrospinning process thus promoting better interfacial interactions between the two polymers, thereby enhancing their miscibility, which resulted in homogeneous and defect-free nanofibers. The loading of GO into the keratin/PLA solution contributes to increase its viscosity, its shear thinning behavior, and its conductivity. Accordingly, thinner and more homogeneous nanofibers resulted from solutions with a relatively high conductivity coupled with a pronounced shear thinning behavior. FTIR and DSC analyses have underlined, that while the PLA/GO interfacial interactions significantly compete with the PLA/keratin ones, there are no significant effects of GO on the structural organization of keratin in blend with the PLA. However, GO offers several advantages from the application point of view by slightly improving the mechanical properties of the electrospun mats and by slowing down the release of the model drug through the reduction of the matrix swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioacchino Schifino
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Gasparini
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Drudi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Giannelli
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Sotgiu
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Kerline srl, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tamara Posati
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Zamboni
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Kerline srl, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuele Treossi
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuele Maccaferri
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Loris Giorgini
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Raffaello Mazzarro
- National Research Council, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorio Morandi
- National Research Council, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Bertoldo
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Aluigi
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences - School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, Piazza del Rinascimento 6, 61029 Urbino, Italy; Kerline srl, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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10
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Alaee P, Kamkar M, Arjmand M. Fumed Silica-Based Suspensions for Shear Thickening Applications: A Full-Scale Rheological Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5006-5019. [PMID: 35413198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding shear thickening fluids (STFs) is critically important in a broad spectrum of fields ranging from biology to military. STFs are referred to the suspension of solid particles in an inert carrier liquid. Customizing the thickening behavior is vital for obtaining desired properties. Hence, comprehending shear thickening mechanisms is necessary to fully understand the factors affecting the shear thickening response of the STFs. Herein, we systematically investigate the effects of a wide range of parameters, from inherent properties of the constituents, including size and surface chemistry of the suspended particles, to practical conditions such as temperature and shear history, on the shear thickening behavior of fumed silica nanoparticles (NPs)-based suspensions in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) medium. Accordingly, increasing the hydrophobicity of the silica NPs or decreasing the NP size transforms the suspensions from sol to gel. The sol systems exhibit a strong shear thickening response, while shear thinning behavior is prominent in the strong gel systems. Hybridization of different silica NPs is also leveraged to tune the shear thickening behavior. In addition, we showcase the decisive role of operating temperature or shear history on the shear thickening behavior of suspensions. For instance, in terms of the shear history, above a critical value of preshear, the shear thickening behavior occurs at lower shear rates for STFs containing hydrophilic NPs. It is believed that the provided insights in this study can pave the way for developing advanced STFs with prescribed features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Alaee
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1 V1 V7, Canada
| | - Milad Kamkar
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1 V1 V7, Canada
| | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Nanomaterials and Polymer Nanocomposites Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1 V1 V7, Canada
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11
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Tu C, Nagata K, Yan S. Dependence of Electrical Conductivity on Phase Morphology for Graphene Selectively Located at the Interface of Polypropylene/Polyethylene Composites. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030509. [PMID: 35159854 PMCID: PMC8838630 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conductive composites of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) filled with thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRG) were prepared using two different processing sequences. One was a one-step processing method in which the TRG was simultaneously melt blended with PE and PP, called TRG/PP/PE. The second was a two-step processing method in which the TRG and the PP were mixed first, and then the (TRG/PP) masterbatch was blended with PE, called (TRG/PP)/PE. The phase morphology and localization of the TRG in TRG/PP/PE and (TRG/PP)/PE composites with different PP/PE compositions were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The TRG was found to be selectively dispersed in the PE phase of the TRG/PP/PE composites, resulting in a low percolation threshold near 2.0 wt%. In the (TRG/PP)/PE composites, the TRG was selectively located at the PP/PE blend interface, resulting in a percolation threshold that was lower than 1.0 wt%. With the addition of 2.0 wt% TRG, the (TRG/PP)/PE composites exhibited a wide range of electrical conductivities at PP/PE weight ratios of 10 w/90 w to 80 w/20 w. Moreover, electrical and rheological measurements of the composites revealed that the co-continuous phase structure is the most efficient candidate for the fabrication of conductive composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (C.T.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Nagata
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-735-5257
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (C.T.); (S.Y.)
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12
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Rheological mechanism of polymer nanocomposites filled with spherical nanoparticles: Insight from molecular dynamics simulation. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Zhao M, Baker J, Jiang Z, Zhu Z, Wu HM, Wu JL, Kang WH, Sue HJ. Preparation of Well-Exfoliated Poly(ethylene- co-vinyl acetate)/α-Zirconium Phosphate Nanocomposites. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:4550-4561. [PMID: 33826349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (PEVAc) nanocomposites containing exfoliated α-zirconium phosphate (ZrP) have been prepared using a simple solution mixing method to improve their barrier and mechanical properties. ZrP was pre-exfoliated with a surfactant, followed by additional targeted surface functionalization and surfactant exchange to allow for hydrogen bonding of ZrP with the acetate functionality on PEVAc and to improve ZrP surface hydrophobicity. The solvent is found to play an important role in stabilizing ZrP exfoliation in the presence of PEVAc to retain full exfoliation and homogeneous dispersion upon the removal of the solvent. The PEVAc/ZrP nanocomposite exhibits greatly improved oxygen barrier, melt strength, and mechanical properties. The usefulness of the present study for the preparation of olefinic polymer nanocomposites is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhen Zhao
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Joseph Baker
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zewen Zhu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hong-Mao Wu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Polyolefin Department of Formosa Plastics Corporation, Mailiao, Yunlin County 63801, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Long Wu
- Polyolefin Department of Formosa Plastics Corporation, Mailiao, Yunlin County 63801, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hao Kang
- Polyolefin Department of Formosa Plastics Corporation, Mailiao, Yunlin County 63801, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jue Sue
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Liu L, Pu X, Tao H, Chen K, Guo W, Luo D, Ren Z. Pickering emulsion stabilized by organoclay and intermediately hydrophobic nanosilica for high-temperature conditions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Park IH, Lee JY, Ahn SJ, Choi HJ. Melt Rheology and Mechanical Characteristics of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Alkylated Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2402. [PMID: 33086526 PMCID: PMC7603137 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites were synthesized by a solution blending and coagulation method using alkylated graphene oxide (AGO) as a reinforcing agent. Turbiscan confirmed that the alkylation of GO led to enhanced compatibility between the matrix and the filler. The improved dispersity of the filler resulted in superior interfacial adhesion between the PLA chains and AGO basal plane, leading to enhanced mechanical and rheological properties compared to neat PLA. The tensile strength and elongation at break, i.e., ductility, increased by 38% and 42%, respectively, at the same filler content nanocomposite (PLA/AGO 1 wt %) compared to nonfiller PLA. Rheological analysis of the nanocomposites in the molten state of the samples was performed to understand the filler network formed inside the matrix. The storage modulus increased significantly from PLA/AGO 0.5 wt % (9.6 Pa) to PLA/AGO 1.0 wt % (908 Pa). This indicates a percolation threshold between the two filler contents. A steady shear test was performed to examine the melt flow characteristics of PLA/AGO nanocomposites at 170 °C, and the viscosity was predicted using the Carreau-Yasuda model.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Hye Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (I.H.P.); (J.Y.L.)
| | - Jae Yoon Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (I.H.P.); (J.Y.L.)
| | - Seung Jae Ahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea;
| | - Hyoung Jin Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea; (I.H.P.); (J.Y.L.)
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16
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Lv Y, Chen J, Xu W, Kong M. Multiscale analysis on multiextruded poly(lactic acid)/organoclay nanocomposites: Insights into the underlying mechanisms of thermomechanical degradation. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Lv
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jiaxing Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Wenqing Xu
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Miqiu Kong
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Sichuan University Chengdu China
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17
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Hong W, Lin J, Tian X, Wang L. Viscoelasticity of Nanosheet-Filled Polymer Composites: Three Regimes in the Enhancement of Moduli. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:6437-6447. [PMID: 32609516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We employed nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the viscoelastic properties of nanosheet (NS)-filled polymer composites. The effects of NS loadings and NS-polymer interaction on viscoelasticity were examined. The simulation results show that the NS-filled polymer composites exhibit an enhanced storage modulus and loss modulus as the NSs are loaded. There are three regimes of the enhanced process based on the NS loadings. At lower NS loadings, the motion of polymers slows down owing to the interaction between NSs and polymers, and the polymer chains generally follow the Rouse dynamics. As the NS loadings increase, the polymer chains are confined between NSs, leading to a substantial increment in dynamic moduli. At higher NS loadings, a transient network is formed, which strengthens the dynamic moduli further. In addition, the attractive NS-polymer interaction can improve the dispersion of NSs and increase the storage and loss moduli. The present work could provide essential information for designing high-performance hybrid polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaping Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaohui Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liquan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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18
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Rheology and foaming behaviour of styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene nanocomposites. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Razavi-Nouri M, Sabet A, Mohebbi M. Thermal, tensile and rheological properties of dynamically cross-linked organoclay filled poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber nanocomposites: Effect of peroxide content. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Razavi-Nouri M, Sabet A, Mohebbi M. Effect of organoclay content on mechanical and rheological properties of dynamically cross-linked acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)/organoclay nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-03060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Thomas SP. Rheological and thermal studies of polystyrene calcium phosphate nanocomposites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selvin P. Thomas
- Advanced Materials Laboratory of Yanbu Research Center and Department of Chemical Engineering Technology; Royal Commission for Yanbu-Colleges and Institutes; Yanbu Industrial City Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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22
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Zhang H, Xi S, Han Y, Liu L, Dong B, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Min W, Huang Q, Li Y, Liu J. Determining electrospun morphology from the properties of protein-polymer solutions. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:3455-3462. [PMID: 29682643 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm02203d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Integrating natural macromolecules, e.g. proteins, is a progressive trend in the fabrication of biocompatible sub-micrometer fibers with tunable diameters using the electrospinning technique. The correlation between solution properties and electrospun morphology is critical; it is quite clear for synthetic linear polymer solutions but remains uncertain for solutions with protein. Here, we report the determination of electrospun morphology in protein-polymer solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and zein, a storage protein from corn. The viscosity of the zein/PEO mixed solutions can be well described using the Lederer-Roegiers equation and decreases with the increase of the fraction of zein. The surface tension sharply decreases above a critical concentration at the saturation of the interfacial monolayer. Correspondingly, the different electrospun morphologies-from bead, coexisting bead and fiber, to fiber and ribbon-were mapped onto a ternary phase diagram and a viscosity contour plot. Such coupling provides a clear way to determine the electrospun morphology from solution properties. The occurrence of electrospun fibers partially follows two empirical rules, while the critical point revealed from surface tension has the best approximation. The diameters of electrospun fibers were found to have a scaling relationship against concentration, zero-shear viscosity and surface tension of solutions. These scaling exponents were compared with those from typical polymer solutions. The analysis suggests that aqueous ethanol gives different solvent qualities to zein and PEO solutions, resulting in the irregular shape in the phase diagram that correlates solution properties and electrospun morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P. R. China.
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23
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Song YH, Zeng LB, Zheng Q. Understanding the reinforcement and dissipation of natural rubber compounds filled with hybrid filler composed of carbon black and silica. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Mofokeng TG, Ray SS, Ojijo V, Salehiyan R. Tuning the nano/micro-structure and properties of melt-processed ternary composites of polypropylene/ethylene vinyl acetate blend and nanoclay: The influence of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tladi Gideon Mofokeng
- DST-CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; Pretoria 0001 South Africa
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Johannesburg; Doornforntein 2028, Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- DST-CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; Pretoria 0001 South Africa
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Johannesburg; Doornforntein 2028, Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Vincent Ojijo
- DST-CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; Pretoria 0001 South Africa
| | - Reza Salehiyan
- DST-CSIR National Centre for Nanostructured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; Pretoria 0001 South Africa
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25
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Kumar S, Samal SK, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. Synthesis and characterization of itaconic-based epoxy resins. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudheer Kumar
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM); Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET); B/25, CNI Complex, Patia Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
| | - Sushanta K. Samal
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM); Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET); B/25, CNI Complex, Patia Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
| | - Smita Mohanty
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM); Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET); B/25, CNI Complex, Patia Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
| | - Sanjay K. Nayak
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials (LARPM); Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET); B/25, CNI Complex, Patia Bhubaneswar 751024 Odisha India
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26
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Song Y, Zeng L, Guan A, Zheng Q. Time-concentration superpositioning principle accounting for reinforcement and dissipation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes filled polystyrene melts. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Song Y, Zeng L, Zheng Q. Reconsideration of the Rheology of Silica Filled Natural Rubber Compounds. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:5867-5875. [PMID: 28520426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is substantial progress along with giant debate in reinforcement mechanisms in relation to structured filler network and heterogeneously retarded polymer dynamics, while the dissipation behaviors have never been clarified for nanoparticle filled polymers. Herein dynamic rheological behaviors of silica filled natural rubber were investigated. Master curves of linear rheology in the hydrodynamic regime and those of the nonlinear Payne effect at a predetermined frequency were created, disclosing a leading role of dynamically retarded bulk rubbery phase to the hydrodynamic regime and a leading role of molecular disentanglement in the bulk phase to the Payne effect. The methodology is able to account for both reinforcement and dissipation of the compounds as a function of filler content. Furthermore, a frequency-dependent hydrodynamic to non-hydrodynamic transition is revealed, revealing the importance of the relaxation of chains in the bulk phase to both reinforcement and dissipation of the compounds. It is suggested that the dynamics of the bulk phase play a critical role for the rheology in the hydrodynamic regime while the fractal filler aggregates become dominative only in the terminal non-hydrodynamic regime where the bulk phase relaxes sufficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihu Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lingbin Zeng
- Shanghai Aerospace System Engineering Institute , Shanghai 201110, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
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28
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Kumar SK, Benicewicz BC, Vaia RA, Winey KI. 50th Anniversary Perspective: Are Polymer Nanocomposites Practical for Applications? Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanat K. Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Brian C. Benicewicz
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Richard A. Vaia
- Materials and Manufacturing
Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Karen I. Winey
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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29
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Namvari M, Du L, Stadler FJ. Graphene oxide-based silsesquioxane-crosslinked networks – synthesis and rheological behavior. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02764h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Click reaction between octa(3-azidopropyl)polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS–(N3)8) and heavily alkyne-decorated graphene oxide (GO) has led to crosslinking POSS with GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Namvari
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
| | - Lei Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
| | - Florian J. Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
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30
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Lee JY, Takeichi T, Saito R. Study on synthesis and the reaction mechanism of polybenzoxazine-silica nanocomposites provided from perhydropolysilazane. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Influence of melt-mixing processing sequence on electrical conductivity of polyethylene/polypropylene blends filled with graphene. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1774-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Kausar A, Siddiq M. Epoxy composites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotube/poly(ethylene glycol)methylether-coated aramid fiber. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2015-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A novel type of aramid fibers coated with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (PEGME)-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was designed using electrophoresis. Owing to the good interaction of MWCNT-PEGME with the matrix, the coated fibers were well dispersed in epoxy resin. Thin films of epoxy/aramid-MWCNT-PEGME were prepared by placing the modified aramid fibers in molds, and the epoxy resin was infused into them. 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylmethane was dissolved in epoxy before the resin was poured over the aramid fibers coated with MWCNT-PEGME. According to fracture surface studies, the modified fibers were completely miscible with the epoxy resin and the filler was dispersed well in the space between the aramid fibers. The tensile strength of neat resin was increased from 658 to 1198 MPa in 40 wt.% of fiber-loaded epoxy/aramid-MWCNT-PEGME 40 composite. The maximum flexural strength was also found to be higher for epoxy/aramid-MWCNT-PEGME 40 (1593 MPa). The glass transition temperature (Tg) was studied using differential scanning calorimetry, in the range of 164–173°C. The tensile strength, modulus, flexural strength, and Tg of epoxy/aramid fiber composites with unmodified fibers were found to be lower than those of epoxy/aramid-MWCNT-PEGME composites.
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33
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Lin GG, Jian YFJ, Huang CT. Melt Creep Recovery of Polyamide 6 and Polypropylene Nanocomposites Blended with Layered Silicate. INT POLYM PROC 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Nanocomposites of polyamide six (PA6) reinforced with organoclay were prepared in this study through melt mixing. The blended montmorillonite clay was organically modified with octadecylamine. The loadings of the clay were 1 wt%, 5 wt%, and 9 wt%. The obtained nanocomposites exhibited exfoliation (1 wt%) and intercalation (other compositions) structures. By contrast, if they were mixed with unmodified clay, the PA6 molecules could not enter the silicate interlayer. For polypropylene (PP), forming nanocomposites with organoclay was difficult but made feasible by incorporating the maleated PP. The results of dynamic rheological tests demonstrated that an end-tethered storage modulus was observed for the PA6/organoclay nanocomposites. However, the PP/organoclay exhibited terminal-zone behavior. In addition, the shear creep recovery was conducted on the molten polymer composites. The results indicated that the molten PA6/organoclay nanocomposite exhibited a higher creep-recovery ratio, a measure of the elastic property, than that of pristine PA6. The time constant in the Voigt-Kelvin constitutive model for the PA6/organoclay melts was lower than that of the pristine PA6 due to the superior elastic moduli, because it is defined as the ratio of viscosity to the modulus. However, the recovery ratios for most of the PP nanocomposites were found to be less than that for the pristine PP, indicating the fair reinforcing effect of the organoclay.
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Affiliation(s)
- G.-G. Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , Energy and Opto-Electronic Materials Research Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City , ROC
| | - Y.-F. Jang Jian
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , Energy and Opto-Electronic Materials Research Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City , ROC
| | - C.-T. Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , Energy and Opto-Electronic Materials Research Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City , ROC
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34
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Piao SH, Kwon SH, Choi HJ. Stimuli-Responsive Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites under Electric Fields. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E52. [PMID: 28787852 PMCID: PMC5456539 DOI: 10.3390/ma9010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This short Feature Article reviews electric stimuli-responsive polymer/clay nanocomposites with respect to their fabrication, physical characteristics and electrorheological (ER) behaviors under applied electric fields when dispersed in oil. Their structural characteristics, morphological features and thermal degradation behavior were examined by X-ray diffraction pattern, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Particular focus is given to the electro-responsive ER characteristics of the polymer/clay nanocomposites in terms of the yield stress and viscoelastic properties along with their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Hao Piao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea.
| | - Seung Hyuk Kwon
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea.
| | - Hyoung Jin Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea.
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35
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36
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Suter JL, Groen D, Coveney PV. Mechanism of Exfoliation and Prediction of Materials Properties of Clay-Polymer Nanocomposites from Multiscale Modeling. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:8108-13. [PMID: 26575149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We describe the mechanism that leads to full exfoliation and dispersion of organophilic clays when mixed with molten hydrophilic polymers. This process is of fundamental importance for the production of clay-polymer nanocomposites with enhanced materials properties. The chemically specific nature of our multiscale approach allows us to probe how chemistry, in combination with processing conditions, produces such materials properties at the mesoscale and beyond. In general agreement with experimental observations, we find that a higher grafting density of charged quaternary ammonium surfactant ions promotes exfoliation, by a mechanism whereby the clay sheets slide transversally over one another. We can determine the elastic properties of these nanocomposites; exfoliated and partially exfoliated morphologies lead to substantial enhancement of the Young's modulus, as found experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Suter
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Groen
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter V Coveney
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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37
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Grison K, Pistor V, Scienza LC, Zattera AJ. The physical perspective on the solid and molten states associated with the mechanical properties of eco-friendly HDPE/ Pinus taedawood-plastic composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Grison
- University of Caxias Do Sul - UCS/Post-graduate Program in Processes and Technology Engineering; Caxias Do Sul - RS Brazil
| | - Vinicius Pistor
- Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS/Porto Alegre - RS; 91501-970 Brazil
| | | | - Ademir José Zattera
- University of Caxias Do Sul - UCS/Post-graduate Program in Processes and Technology Engineering; Caxias Do Sul - RS Brazil
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38
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Lim SK, Lee JY, Choi HJ, Chin IJ. On Interaction Characteristics of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Containing Polymer Nanohybrids. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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Preparation of acryl amide/2-acryl amido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid/silane modified montmorillonite water-soluble nanocomposites: study of thermal and rheological properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Mao Z, Li J, Pan F, Zeng X, Zhang L, Zhong Y, Sui X, Xu H. High-Temperature Auto-Cross-Linking Cyclotriphosphaznene: Synthesis and Application in Flame Retardance and Antidripping Poly(ethylene terephthalate). Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie504510t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Mao
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiandong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Linping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Sui
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile (Ministry of Education), Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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Zhang X, Yan X, He Q, Wei H, Long J, Guo J, Gu H, Yu J, Liu J, Ding D, Sun L, Wei S, Guo Z. Electrically conductive polypropylene nanocomposites with negative permittivity at low carbon nanotube loading levels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:6125-6138. [PMID: 25719265 DOI: 10.1021/am5082183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanocomposites were prepared by coating CNTs on the surface of gelated/swollen soft PP pellets. The electrical conductivity (σ) studies revealed a percolation threshold of only 0.3 wt %, and the electrical conductivity mechanism followed a 3-d variable range hopping (VRH) behavior. At lower processing temperature, the CNTs formed the network structure more easily, resulting in a higher σ. The fraction of γ-phase PP increased with increasing the pressing temperature. The CNTs at lower loading (0.1 wt %) served as nucleating sites and promoted the crystallization of PP. The CNTs favored the disentanglement of polymer chains and thus caused an even lower melt viscosity of nanocomposites than that of pure PP. The calculated optical band gap of CNTs was observed to increase with increasing the processing temperature, i.e., 1.55 eV for nanocomposites prepared at 120 °C and 1.70 eV prepared at 160 and 180 °C. Both the Drude model and interband transition phenomenon have been used for theoretical analysis of the real permittivity of the nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- †Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Xingru Yan
- †Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Qingliang He
- †Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- ∇Engineered Multifunctional Composites, LLC, Beaumont, Texas 77713, United States
| | - Huige Wei
- †Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | | | - Jiang Guo
- †Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Hongbo Gu
- ∥Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingfang Yu
- ⊥Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jingjing Liu
- ⊥Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Daowei Ding
- †Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- ∇Engineered Multifunctional Composites, LLC, Beaumont, Texas 77713, United States
| | - Luyi Sun
- ⊥Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | | | - Zhanhu Guo
- †Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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42
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Hermoso J, Martinez-Boza F, Gallegos C. Influence of aqueous phase volume fraction, organoclay concentration and pressure on invert-emulsion oil muds rheology. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Jang HY, Zhang K, Chon BH, Choi HJ. Enhanced oil recovery performance and viscosity characteristics of polysaccharide xanthan gum solution. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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44
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Synthesis and Properties of High Strength Thin Film Composites of Poly(ethylene Oxide) and PEO-PMMA Blend with Cetylpyridinium Chloride Modified Clay. INT J POLYM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion-conducting thin film composites of polymer electrolytes were prepared by mixing high MW poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a polymer matrix, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) modified MMT as filler, and different content of LiClO4by using solution cast method. The crystallinity, ionic conductivity (σ), and mechanical properties of the composite electrolytes and blend composites were evaluated by using XRD, AC impedance, and UTM studies, respectively. The modification of clay by CPC showed enhancement in thed-spacing. The loading of clay has effect on crystallinity of PEO systems. Blend composites showed better mechanical properties. Young’s modulus and elongation at break values showed increase with salt and clay incorporation in pure PEO. The optimum composition composite of PEO with 3.5 wt% of salt and 3.3 wt% of CPMMT exhibited better performance.
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45
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Gao S, Zhong J, Xue G, Wang B. Ion conductivity improved polyethylene oxide/lithium perchlorate electrolyte membranes modified by graphene oxide. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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46
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Toughening of polylactide with epoxy-functionalized methyl methacrylate–butyl acrylate copolymer. Polym Bull (Berl) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-014-1228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Gao C, Zhang S, Wang F, Wen B, Han C, Ding Y, Yang M. Graphene networks with low percolation threshold in ABS nanocomposites: selective localization and electrical and rheological properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:12252-12260. [PMID: 24969179 DOI: 10.1021/am501843s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (ABS)/graphene nanocomposites were prepared through a facile coagulation method. Because the chemical reduction of graphene oxide was in situ conducted in the presence of ABS at the dispersion stage, the aggregation of the graphene nanosheets was avoided. It was shown by transmission electron microscopy that the graphene nanosheets were selectively located and homogeneously dispersed in the styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) phase. The electrical conductivity and linear viscoelastic behavior of the nanocomposites were systematically studied. With increasing filler content, graphene networks were established in the SAN phase. Consequently, the nanocomposites underwent a transition from electrical insulator to conductor at a percolation threshold of 0.13 vol %, which is smaller than that of other ABS composites. Such a low percolation threshold results from extreme geometry, selective localization, and homogeneous dispersion of the graphene nanosheets in SAN phase. Similarly, the rheological response of the nanocomposites also showed a transition to solid-like behavior. Due to the thermal reduction of graphene nanosheets and structure improvement of graphene networks, enhanced electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites was obtained after annealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Zhongguancun North First Street 2, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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48
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Mejía A, García N, Guzmán J, Tiemblo P. Extrusion Processed Polymer Electrolytes based on Poly(ethylene oxide) and Modified Sepiolite Nanofibers: Effect of Composition and Filler Nature on Rheology and Conductivity. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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49
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Bhardwaj U, Dhar P, Kumar A, Katiyar V. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-Cellulose Based Nanobiocomposites for Food Packaging Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2014-1162.ch019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Prodyut Dhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Vimal Katiyar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
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50
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Effect of silane as surface modifier and coupling agent on rheological and protective performance of epoxy/nano-glassflake coating systems. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-014-0250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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