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Liu BQ, Xu YH, Liu F, Xie CC, Liang SJ, Chen QM, Li WW. Double-Cable Conjugated Polymers with Fullerene Pendant for Single-Component Organic Solar Cells. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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5
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Zhang C, Yang T, Yin HJ, Gao LH, Wang KZ. Electrodeposited thiophene-containing organic small molecule-modified ITO electrode with highly efficient photoelectric conversion and photoelectrochemical oxygen reduction. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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6
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Watpathomsub S, Luangchaiyaporn J, Sariciftci NS, Thamyongkit P. Efficient heterogeneous catalysis by pendant metalloporphyrin-functionalized polythiophenes for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01381a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pendant metalloporphyrin-functionalized polythiophenes serve as efficient catalysts for the practical heterogeneous electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide under ambient conditions in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supranee Watpathomsub
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok 10330
- Thailand
| | | | - Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Johannes Kepler University
- Linz 4040
- Austria
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7
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Electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical and surface photovoltage study of ambipolar C60-EDOT and C60-Carbazole based conducting polymers. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Georgescu BE, Branger C, Iordache TV, Iovu H, Vitrik OB, Dyshlyuk AV, Sarbu A, Brisset H. Application of unusual on/off electrochemical properties of a molecularly imprinted polymer based on an EDOT–thiophene precursor for the detection of ephedrine. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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9
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Li C, Yu C, Lai W, Liang S, Jiang X, Feng G, Zhang J, Xu Y, Li W. Multifunctional Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Conjugated Polymers with Perylene Bisimide Side Chains. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39:e1700611. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Changshi Yu
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Beijing Jiaotong University; Beijing 100044 P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Lai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Shijie Liang
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Beijing Jiaotong University; Beijing 100044 P. R. China
| | - Xudong Jiang
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Beijing Jiaotong University; Beijing 100044 P. R. China
| | - Guitao Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yunhua Xu
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; Beijing Jiaotong University; Beijing 100044 P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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10
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Savitha G, Moussallem C, Allain M, Gohier F, Frère P. Low Band Gap Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Systems Based on 3-Alkoxy or 3-Pyrrolidino-4-cyanothiophene and Benzothiadiazole Units. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1935-1943. [PMID: 28488416 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
3-Hexyloxy-4-cyanothiophene, 3-pyrrolidil-4-cyanothiophene, and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) units are used with benzothiadiazole as building blocks for the development of three new conjugated donor-acceptor-donor (DAD) derivatives. The DAD molecules have the central acceptor part, which is formed by combining electron-withdrawing cyano groups and the benzothiadiazole moiety, in common. Theoretical calculations and UV/Vis and electrochemical data reveal the key role of the end-capped donor to tune the electronic properties of the derivatives. A study of the electropolymerization process of the three derivatives shows the strong influence of the donor parts on both the reactivity of the precursors and the electronic properties of the resulting polymers. Derivatives end-capped with pyrrolidinocyano thiophene or EDOT units lead to films of polymers presenting low band gaps of around 0.9-1.4 eV. Upon oxidation, the two polymers present different behavior. In the presence of the pyrrolidinocyano thiophene moieties, oxidation leads to a blueshift of the absorption bands, whereas with EDOT units a classical redshift, giving high absorption in the near-IR region, is observed for the oxidized states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurunathan Savitha
- Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, France.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, 600036, Chennai, Taminaldu (India
| | - Chady Moussallem
- Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, France.,Centre AZM pour la recherche en biotechnologie et applications, Université Libanaise, Laboratoire EDST, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Magali Allain
- Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Frédéric Gohier
- Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, France
| | - Pierre Frère
- Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, France
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11
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Effect of π-conjugation on electrochemical properties of poly(terthiophene)s 3′-substituted with fullerene C 60. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Kumagawa Y, Akiyama T, Nishimura Y, Goto K, Suzuki A, Oku T. Fabrication and Photocurrent Generation Properties of Insoluble Hierarchical Polythiophene Thin Films Prepared by Sequential Electrochemical Polymerization. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20160025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kumagawa
- Department of Materials Science, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture
| | - Tsuyoshi Akiyama
- Department of Materials Science, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture
| | - Yuki Nishimura
- Department of Materials Science, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture
| | - Koji Goto
- Department of Materials Science, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Department of Materials Science, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture
| | - Takeo Oku
- Department of Materials Science, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture
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13
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Electrochemical and photoelectronic studies on C60-pyrrolidine-functionalised poly(terthiophene). Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Yassin A, Oçafrain M, Blanchard P, Mallet R, Roncali J. Synthesis of Hybrid Electroactive Materials by Low-Potential Electropolymerization of Gold Nanoparticles Capped with Tailored EDOT-Thiophene Precursor Units. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Yassin A, Mallet R, Leriche P, Roncali J. Production of Nanostructured Conjugated Polymers by Electropolymerization of Tailored Tetrahedral Precursors. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Hosseini M, Rivera-Nazario DM, Echegoyen LA. Self-assembled monolayers of C60-triphenylamine dyads as photo-switched interfacial layers for potential application in photovoltaic cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:3712-3720. [PMID: 24524362 DOI: 10.1021/am500049q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
C60-Triphenylamine dyads were synthesized for incorporation as photoswitched interfacial layers in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of these dyads on gold (through S-Au and C60-Au interactions) were prepared through one or two adsorption processes, and their packing densities were fully characterized. Analysis using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements indicated that all SAMs exhibit dense coverage on the gold surfaces. Electrochemical desorption in KOH confirmed that the cis-1 dyad is anchored to the gold surface through its thiol group. Impedance measurements in the absence and presence of UV irradiation were performed to observe the photoswitched properties of these surface confined dyads. Upon UV light exposure of the SAMs, the charge-transfer resistance decreased when Fe(CN)6(3-/4-) was used as the probe redox couple and increased with Ru(NH3)6(3+/2+), confirming the generation of positive charges on the surface upon UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Hosseini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso , 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
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17
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Gu C, Zhang Z, Sun S, Pan Y, Zhong C, Lv Y, Li M, Ariga K, Huang F, Ma Y. In situ electrochemical deposition and doping of C60 films applied to high-performance inverted organic photovoltaics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5727-5731. [PMID: 22976046 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201202569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel C(60)-based cross-linked films formed by electrodeposition are produced and used as the electron-collection layer in inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs). The electrodeposited films exhibit a low work function of 4.2 eV and the PSCs perform well, with power conversion efficiencies of up to 6.31%. This new kind of electrodeposited film affords more opportunities to develop modified electrodes with a low work function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular, Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, PR of China
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18
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Novel ferrocene derivatized poly(2,5-dithienylpyrrole)s: Optoelectronic properties, electrochemical copolymerization. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Dong L, Li W, Li WS. Construction of a long range p/n heterojunction with a pair of nanometre-wide continuous D/A phases. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:3447-3461. [PMID: 21785797 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10410a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A p/n heterojunction is the basic setup for light-electric conversion. It has been widely accepted that the ideal configuration for organic photovoltaics is formed by the joint of a pair of long-range continuous but nanometre-wide phases consisting of electron-donating (D) and -accepting (A) components, respectively. Such a p/n heterojunction can provide not only a large D/A interface essential to efficient photoinduced charge separation, but also the transportation pathways for both electrons and holes. This review article summarizes the present approaches including D-A double cables, diblock copolymers, and small molecular D-A dyads and multiads, to construct such an ideal p/n heterojunction. Each approach is introduced by a few selected representative works, with highlights on their molecular design strategies and the relationship of chemical structure-packing order-property. Such information would be useful for the next research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Dong
- Faculty of Material and Photoelectronic Physics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
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Tran TK, Bricaud Q, Oçafrain M, Blanchard P, Roncali J, Lenfant S, Godey S, Vuillaume D, Rondeau D. Thiolate Chemistry: A Powerful and Versatile Synthetic Tool for Immobilization/Functionalization of Oligothiophenes on a Gold Surface. Chemistry 2011; 17:5628-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Han A, Bai J, Murata Y, Komatsu K. Synthesis and characterization of the fullerene-terthiophene dyads. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.20659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Luo X, Liu X, Chen B, Deng J, Yang W. Optically active composite nanoparticles with chemical bonds between core and shell. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Gu C, Fei T, Zhang M, Li C, Lu D, Ma Y. Electrochemical polymerization films for highly efficient electroluminescent devices and RGB color pixel. Electrochem commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2010.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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24
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Abasıyanık MF, Şenel M. Immobilization of glucose oxidase on reagentless ferrocene-containing polythiophene derivative and its glucose sensing application. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Piron F, Leriche P, Grosu I, Roncali J. Electropolymerizable 3Dπ-conjugated architectures with ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) end-groups as precursors of electroactive conjugated networks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01873b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Berton N, Fabre-Francke I, Bourrat D, Chandezon F, Sadki S. Poly(bisthiophene-carbazole-fullerene) Double-Cable Polymer As New Donor−acceptor Material: Preparation and Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:14087-93. [DOI: 10.1021/jp905876h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Berton
- INAC, UMR 5819-SPrAM (CEA-CNRS-Univ. J. Fourier-Grenoble I), Laboratoire d’Electronique Moléculaire Organique et Hybride, CEA Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Isabelle Fabre-Francke
- INAC, UMR 5819-SPrAM (CEA-CNRS-Univ. J. Fourier-Grenoble I), Laboratoire d’Electronique Moléculaire Organique et Hybride, CEA Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - David Bourrat
- INAC, UMR 5819-SPrAM (CEA-CNRS-Univ. J. Fourier-Grenoble I), Laboratoire d’Electronique Moléculaire Organique et Hybride, CEA Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Frédéric Chandezon
- INAC, UMR 5819-SPrAM (CEA-CNRS-Univ. J. Fourier-Grenoble I), Laboratoire d’Electronique Moléculaire Organique et Hybride, CEA Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Saïd Sadki
- INAC, UMR 5819-SPrAM (CEA-CNRS-Univ. J. Fourier-Grenoble I), Laboratoire d’Electronique Moléculaire Organique et Hybride, CEA Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Sugiyasu K, Takeuchi M. Conducting Polymer Networks Cross-Linked by “Isolated” Functional Dyes: Design, Synthesis, and Electrochemical Polymerization of Doubly Strapped Light-Harvesting Porphyrin/Oligothiophene Monomers. Chemistry 2009; 15:6350-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mishra A, Ma CQ, Bäuerle P. Functional Oligothiophenes: Molecular Design for Multidimensional Nanoarchitectures and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2009; 109:1141-276. [DOI: 10.1021/cr8004229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1228] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amaresh Mishra
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Chang-Qi Ma
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Moggia F, Fages F, Brisset H, Chaix C, Mandrand B, Levillain E, Roncali J. Design, synthesis and electrochemical properties of a thiophene derivative functionalized with a siderophore-like chelator. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Benanti TL, Kalaydjian A, Venkataraman D. Protocols for Efficient Postpolymerization Functionalization of Regioregular Polythiophenes. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma801798p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Travis L. Benanti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Antranig Kalaydjian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - D. Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Tran T, Oçafrain M, Karpe S, Blanchard P, Roncali J, Lenfant S, Godey S, Vuillaume D. Structural Control of the Horizontal Double Fixation of Oligothiophenes on Gold. Chemistry 2008; 14:6237-46. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Saito K, Rettenbacher AS, Smith, Jr DW, Fukuzumi S. Bis-ortho-diynyl-arene C60 adducts on SnO2 films for photoelectrochemical cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b717906e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Peng C, Zhou X, Chen GZ, Moggia F, Fages F, Brisset H, Roncali J. Internally referenced analysis of charge-transfer reactions in a new ferrocenyl bithiophenic conducting polymer through cyclic voltammetry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:6606-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b817101g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Wang GW, Li JX, Xu Y. Synthesis of C60-fused tetrahydrothiophene derivatives via nucleophilic cycloaddition of thiocyanates. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:2995-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b807394e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
This review is focused on charge-transfer reactions at carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. The spectroelectrochemistry of fullerenes deals with the spin states of fullerenes, the role of mono-anions and the reactivity of higher charged states in C60. The optical (Vis-NIR) spectroelectrochemistry of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) follows changes in the allowed optical transitions among the Van Hove singularities. The Raman spectroelectrochemistry of SWNT benefits from strong resonance enhancement of the Raman scattering. Here, both semiconducting and metallic SWNTs are analyzed using the radial breathing mode (RBM) and G-modes as well as the second order (D, G') and intermediate frequency modes. Raman spectroelectrochemistry of SWNT allows the addressing of index-identified tubes and even single isolated nanotubes. Optical and Raman spectroelectrochemistry of fullerene peapods, C60@SWNT and C70@SWNT indicates effective shielding of the intratubular fullerene (peas). The most striking effect in the spectroelectrochemistry of peapods is the so-called "anodic Raman enhancement" of intratubular C60. Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) give a specific spectroscopic response in Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry for the inner and the outer tube. They are better distinguishable by Raman spectroelectrochemistry which allows a precise tracing of the specific doping response of outer/inner tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Kavan
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejskova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
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36
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Brisset H, Navarro AE, Moggia F, Jousselme B, Blanchard P, Roncali J. Electrosynthesis of a functional conducting polymer incorporating ferrocene unit from an EDOT-based bithiophenic precursor. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giacalone
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica "E. Paterno", Università degli Studi di Palermo, Parco d'Orleans II, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Chen RF, Zheng C, Fan QL, Huang W. Structural, electronic, and optical properties of 9-heterofluorenes: A quantum chemical study. J Comput Chem 2007; 28:2091-101. [PMID: 17450547 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Density-functional theory studies were applied to investigate the structural, electronic, and optical properties of 9-heterofluorenes achieved by substituting the carbon at 9 position of fluorene with silicon, germanium, nitrogen, phosphor, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or boron. These heterofluorenes and their oligomers up to pentamers are highly aromatic and electrooptically active. The alkyl and aryl substituents of the heteroatom have limited influence, but the oxidation of the atom has significant influence on their molecular structures and properties. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest occupied molecular orbital (LUMO) interaction theory was successfully applied to analyze the energy levels and the frontier wave functions of these heterofluorenes. Most heterofluorenes belong to type B of interaction with low-lying LUMO and have the second kind of wave function. Carbazole and selenafluorene have type C of interaction with high-lying HOMO and the third kind of wave function. Types C and D of heterofluorenes, such as carbazole, oxygafluorene, sulfurafluorene, and selenafluorene also have high triplet state energies. The extrapolated HOMO and LUMO for polyheterofluorenes indicate that polyselenonafluorene has the lowest LUMO; polycarbazole has the highest HOMO; polyselenafluorene has the highest bandgap (E(g)); and polyborafluorene has the lowest E(g). Heterofluorenes and their oligomers and polymers are of great experimental interests, especially those having extraordinary properties revealed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Feng Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Cravino A. Conjugated polymers with tethered electron-accepting moieties as ambipolar materials for photovoltaics. POLYM INT 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Semenikhin OA, Hossain MMD, Workentin MS. Photoelectrochemistry of Conducting Polymers Modified with Electron-Acceptor Moieties. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:20189-96. [PMID: 17034195 DOI: 10.1021/jp0631580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical behavior of two polymers of the polythiophene series containing electron-acceptor groups in the main chain was studied and compared to that of the nonmodified polymer, poly(2,2'-bithiophene), PBT. The acceptor groups were 2,2'-bipyridine and biphenyl, which are electron-deficient as compared to the bithiophene unit. All three polymers demonstrated a pronounced photovoltaic effect, which for PBT was consistent with data reported earlier. The introduction of the electron-acceptor moieties was found to significantly enhance the magnitude of the steady-state photocurrent as well as to drastically alter the dependencies of the photocurrent on the polymer film thickness and the external bias. These observations indicated that the mechanism of photocurrent generation in the modified polymers differs from that in nonmodified polymer and involves the electron transfer to the electron-acceptor moieties in the polymer main chain. The values of the external quantum efficiency were estimated in a liquid-cell arrangement to be 0.27 and 0.19% for modified and nonmodified polymers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A Semenikhin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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Chu CC, Ho TI, Wang L. Synthesis and Characterization of C60-Anchored Multiarmed Polymers with Well-Defined Structures. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060718k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chien Chu
- Center for Condensed Matter Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106
| | - Tong-Ing Ho
- Center for Condensed Matter Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106
| | - Leeyih Wang
- Center for Condensed Matter Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, and Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106
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Zhang C, Choi S, Haliburton J, Cleveland T, Li R, Sun SS, Ledbetter A, Bonner CE. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of a −Donor−Bridge−Acceptor−Bridge- Type Block Copolymer via Alkoxy- and Sulfone- Derivatized Poly(phenylenevinylenes). Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma060179j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
| | - Soobum Choi
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
| | - James Haliburton
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
| | - Taina Cleveland
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
| | - Sam-Shajing Sun
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
| | - Abram Ledbetter
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
| | - Carl E. Bonner
- Center for Materials Research and Chemistry Department, Norfolk State University, 700 Park Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia 23504
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Abstract
The aim of this focus article is to emphasize those aspects of fullerene chemistry which currently represent important challenges for the development and future applications of these new carbon allotropes, as well as to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the fullerenes Nobel Prize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Fan LJ, Jones WE. Studies of photoinduced electron transfer and energy migration in a conjugated polymer system for fluorescence "turn-on" chemosensor applications. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:7777-82. [PMID: 16610873 PMCID: PMC2556035 DOI: 10.1021/jp056381q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of poly[p-(phenyleneethynylene)-alt-(thienyleneethynylene)] (PPETE) polymers with variable percent loadings of the N,N,N'-trimethylethylenediamino group on the polymer backbone were synthesized and fully characterized. Photophysical studies show that changes in the loading of the amino group receptor on the backbone do not affect the polymer electronic structure in either the ground or excited states. The fluorescence quantum yields were found to be directly related to the loading of the amino groups and can be modeled by a Stern-Volmer type relationship. Photophysical studies related the total quenching efficiency to the inherent rate of photoinduced electron transfer (PET), the lifetime of the exciton, the rate of excitation energy migration along the polymer backbone, and the total loading of the receptor on the polymer. The role of the loading dependence on the application of these polymers as fluorescence "turn-on" sensors for toxic metal cations in dilute solution was also studied. Results showed that the fluorescence enhancement upon binding various cations was maintained even when the amino receptor loading along the polymer backbone was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Fan
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York, 13902
| | - Wayne E. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York, 13902
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Water-compatible electrogenerated poly(thiophenes) derived from linked EDOT-based bithiophenic precursors. Electrochem commun 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2006.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Camaioni N, Fabbrini G, Menna E, Maggini M, Ridolfi G, Zanelli A. Synthesis and photoresponse of a fullerene–bis(styryl)benzene dyad. NEW J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b517933e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang Z, Deng J, Zhao W, Wang J, Yang W. Synthesis of optically active poly(N-propargylsulfamides) with helical conformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Wang GW, Li JX, Li YJ, Liu YC. Novel Reactions of [60]Fullerene with Amino Acid Esters and Carbon Disulfide. J Org Chem 2005; 71:680-4. [PMID: 16408980 DOI: 10.1021/jo052116p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Novel reactions of C60 with amino acid ester hydrochlorides and CS2 in the presence of Et3N affording fullerene derivatives 2 and 3 containing biologically active amino acids, thioamide, and thiourea units have been investigated. The thioamide groups in compounds 2 are sensitive to moisture and can easily be hydrolyzed to amide groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Wu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
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Casado J, Ortiz RP, Ruiz Delgado MC, Hernandez V, López Navarrete JT, Raimundo JM, Blanchard P, Allain M, Roncali J. Alternated Quinoid/Aromatic Units in Terthiophenes Building Blocks for Electroactive Narrow Band Gap Polymers. Extended Spectroscopic, Solid State, Electrochemical, and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:16616-27. [PMID: 16853114 DOI: 10.1021/jp0520300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis of three novel pi-conjugated heterocyclic mixed trimers that contain two electron-donating 3,4-ethylenedioxy-2-thienyl (EDOT) units covalently attached to a central proquinoid electron-accepting thienopyrazine moiety (two of these narrow-HOMO-LUMO gap D-A-D compounds also bear hexyl side chains attached either to the outermost alpha positions of the EDOT end rings or to the beta positions of the pyrazine fused ring). The modification of the terthiophene structure upon EDO, pyrazine, and hexyl substitutions has been treated in detail with spectroscopic and theoretical arguments. Solid-state properties reveal the occurrence of short intramolecular contacts between heteroatoms of adjacent rings. The analysis of the structure of the pi-conjugated backbone of each molecule is consistent with a partial quinoid-like pattern which partially reverts to be subtly more aromatic depending on the topology of the positive inductive effect of the hexyl chains. This quinoidization is a consequence of the appearance of a D(EDOT)-->A(PyT)<--D(EDOT) intramolecular charge transfer which further polarizes the structure. The same chemical concepts have been applied to address their electrochemical behavior. The three mixed trimers exhibit amphoteric properties due to the combination of electron acceptor and donor groups. Given their relative low HOMO-LUMO energy gap, these trimers promise to be good candidates for obtaining polymers with significant low energy gap combining electroactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Casado
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
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Roncali J, Blanchard P, Frère P. 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) as a versatile building block for advanced functional π-conjugated systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b415481a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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