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Warne CM, Fadlallah S, Allais F, Guebitz GM, Pellis A. Controlled Enzymatic Synthesis of Polyesters Based on a Cellulose-Derived Triol Monomer: A Design of Experiment Approach. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301841. [PMID: 38545821 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Regioselective enzymatic polycondensation of the bio-based cellulose derived polyol, Triol-citro, and dimethyl adipate using Candida antarctica Lipase B (CaLB) was investigated. A Design of Experiment approach with MODDE® Pro 13 was used to determine important factors in the branching behavior of this polymer, and reactant ratio, temperature, reaction time and enzyme wt % were the studied factors. Multifunctional polyesters with pendant hydroxy groups were synthesized and fully characterized using 2D NMR techniques to determine degree of branching. Branching was minimal, with a maximum of 16 % observed, and monomer ratio, temperature and reaction time were all determined to be significant factors. In this work, Mn of up to 13 kDa were achieved, while maintaining degree of branching below 15 %, resulting in a linear polyester with the potential to be further functionalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cicely M Warne
- ACIB GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Sami Fadlallah
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech, Pomacle, 51110, France
| | - Florent Allais
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), CEBB, AgroParisTech, Pomacle, 51110, France
| | - Georg M Guebitz
- ACIB GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Alessandro Pellis
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- University of Genova, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova, GE, Italy
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2
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Rosalia M, Rubes D, Serra M, Genta I, Dorati R, Conti B. Polyglycerol Sebacate Elastomer: A Critical Overview of Synthetic Methods and Characterisation Techniques. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1405. [PMID: 38794598 PMCID: PMC11124930 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly (glycerol sebacate) is a widely studied elastomeric copolymer obtained from the polycondensation of two bioresorbable monomers, glycerol and sebacic acid. Due to its biocompatibility and the possibility to tailor its biodegradability rate and mechanical properties, PGS has gained lots of interest in the last two decades, especially in the soft tissue engineering field. Different synthetic approaches have been proposed, ranging from classic thermal polyesterification and curing to microwave-assisted organic synthesis, UV crosslinking and enzymatic catalysis. Each technique, characterized by its advantages and disadvantages, can be tailored by controlling the crosslinking density, which depends on specific synthetic parameters. In this work, classic and alternative synthetic methods, as well as characterisation and tailoring techniques, are critically reviewed with the aim to provide a valuable tool for the reproducible and customized production of PGS for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Rosalia
- Department of Drug Science, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.R.); (M.S.); (I.G.); (R.D.); (B.C.)
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3
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Raboni F, Galatini A, Banfi L, Riva R, Pellis A. Chemo-Enzymatic Derivatization of Glycerol-Based Oligomers: Structural Elucidation and Potential Applications. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300839. [PMID: 38265820 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Switching from oil-based to bio-based feedstocks to ensure the green transition to a sustainable and circular future is one of the most pressing challenges faced by many industries worldwide. For the cosmetics and personal and house care industries there is a strong drive to accelerate this transition from the customers that starts favoring the purchase of naturally derived and bio-degradable products over the traditionally available products. In this work we developed a series of fully biobased macromolecules constituted of a glycerol-based oligoester backbone. Based on the subsequent derivatization with fatty acids or peptides, the resulting products may find application as emulsifiers, wetting agents, and potential vectors for the delivery of bioactive peptides. All steps of the resulting macromolecules were conducted following the green chemistry principles with no toxic or environmentally damaging compounds that were used in the overall production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Raboni
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Galatini
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Banfi
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova, Italy
| | - Renata Riva
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pellis
- Università degli Studi di Genova, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova, Italy
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4
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Hevilla V, Sonseca Á, Fernández-García M. Straightforward Enzymatic Methacrylation of Poly(Glycerol Adipate) for Potential Applications as UV Curing Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3050. [PMID: 37514438 PMCID: PMC10383392 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic one-pot synthesis procedures in a one-step and two-step monomers addition were developed to obtain poly(glycerol adipate) macromers with methacrylate end-functional groups under the presence of 1 and 3 wt% of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB). Glycerol, divinyl adipate, and vinyl methacrylate were enzymatically reacted (vinyl methacrylate was either present from the beginning in the monomers solution or slowly dropped after 6 h of reaction) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 40 °C over 48 h. Macromers with a methacrylate end groups fraction of ≈52% in a simple one-pot one-step procedure were obtained with molecular weights (Mn) of ≈7500-7900 g/mol. The obtained products under the one-pot one-step and two steps synthesis procedures carried out using 1 and 3 wt% of a CALB enzymatic catalyst were profusely characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), MALDI-TOF MS, and SEC. The methacrylate functional macromers obtained with the different procedures and 1 wt% of CALB were combined with an Irgacure® 369 initiator to undergo homopolymerization under UV irradiation for 10 and 30 min, in order to test their potential to obtain amorphous networks within minutes with similar properties to those typically obtained by complex acrylation/methacrylation procedures, which need multiple purification steps and harsh reagents such as acyl chlorides. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that it has been demonstrated that the obtention of methacrylate-functional predominantly linear macromers based on poly(glycerol adipate) is able to be UV crosslinked in a simple one-step procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Hevilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for "Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy" (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda Sonseca
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for "Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy" (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Wang H, Li H, Lee CK, Mat Nanyan NS, Tay GS. Recent Advances in the Enzymatic Synthesis of Polyester. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235059. [PMID: 36501454 PMCID: PMC9740404 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyester is a kind of polymer composed of ester bond-linked polybasic acids and polyol. This type of polymer has a wide range of applications in various industries, such as automotive, furniture, coatings, packaging, and biomedical. The traditional process of synthesizing polyester mainly uses metal catalyst polymerization under high-temperature. This condition may have problems with metal residue and undesired side reactions. As an alternative, enzyme-catalyzed polymerization is evolving rapidly due to the metal-free residue, satisfactory biocompatibility, and mild reaction conditions. This article presented the reaction modes of enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization and enzyme-catalyzed polycondensation and their combinations, respectively. In addition, the article also summarized how lipase-catalyzed the polymerization of polyester, which includes (i) the distinctive features of lipase, (ii) the lipase-catalyzed polymerization and its mechanism, and (iii) the lipase stability under organic solvent and high-temperature conditions. In addition, this article also focused on the advantages and disadvantages of enzyme-catalyzed polyester synthesis under different solvent systems, including organic solvent systems, solvent-free systems, and green solvent systems. The challenges of enzyme optimization and process equipment innovation for further industrialization of enzyme-catalyzed polyester synthesis were also discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
| | - Hongpeng Li
- Tangshan Jinlihai Biodiesel Co. Ltd., Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Chee Keong Lee
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
| | - Noreen Suliani Mat Nanyan
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
| | - Guan Seng Tay
- Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Green Biopolymer, Coatings & Packaging Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang USM 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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6
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Shukla K. A study on the synthesis of various polyesters from glycerol. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Wrzecionek M, Kolankowski K, Gadomska-Gajadhur A. Synthesis of Poly(glycerol butenedioate)-PGB-Unsaturated Polyester toward Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:25171-25178. [PMID: 35910158 PMCID: PMC9330079 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new polyester poly(glycerol butenedioate) (PGB) was obtained in the bulk polycondensation of glycerin and maleic anhydride. Glycerol polyesters are new biomaterials commonly used in tissue engineering. PGB, containing the α,β-unsaturated moiety, could be very interesting due to potential modifications such as additions or oxidation. Such modifications are not possible on the heretofore known glycerol polyesters due to their structure without α,β-unsaturated moieties. In this work, the developed process was optimized by applying the design of experiments. The optimization criterium was the minimization of the E/Z isomer ratio. Applying the two-stage process, the E/Z isomer ratio was reduced from 5.5 to 0.5 compared to the one-stage process. The degree of branching was also reduced from 17 to 9%, as well as the degree of esterification from 0.89 to 0.72. The obtained structure can be used in modifying or cross-linking via Michael additions.
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8
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Glycerol-based enzymatically synthesized renewable polyesters: Control of molecular weight, degree of branching and functional endgroups. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Lang K, Quichocho HB, Black SP, Bramson MTK, Linhardt RJ, Corr DT, Gross RA. Lipase-Catalyzed Poly(glycerol-1,8-octanediol-sebacate): Biomaterial Engineering by Combining Compositional and Crosslinking Variables. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2150-2159. [PMID: 35468284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined poly(glycerol-1,8-octanediol-sebacate) (PGOS) copolymers with low-level substitution of O (1,8-octanediol) for G (glycerol) units (G/O ratios 0.5:0.5, 0.66:0.33, 0.75:0.25, 0.8:0.2, and 0.91:0.09) prepared in bulk by immobilized Candida antarctica Lipase B (N435) catalysis. The central question explored was the extent that exchanging less than half of poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) glycerol units with 1,8-octanediol can be used as a strategy to fine-tune biomaterial properties. Synthesized copolymers having G/O ratios of 0.66:0.33, 0.75:0.25, 0.8:0.2, and 0.91:0.09 have similar molecular weights, where Mw varied from 52,800 to 63,800 g/mol, Mn varied from 5100 to 6450 g/mol, and ĐM (molecular mass dispersity, Mw/Mn) values were also similar (8.4-11.4). All of the copolymers were branched, and dendritic glycerol units reached 11% for PGOS-0.91:0.09:1.0. Analysis of DSC second heating scans revealed that copolymers with higher 1,8-octanediol contents have relatively higher Tm and ΔHf values. Over the copolymer compositional range studied herein, Tm and ΔHf values varied from 5.3 to 21.1 °C and 8.0 to 23.1 J/g, respectively. Stress-strain curves of PGOS copolymers cured at 140 °C for 48 h exhibited either a unimodal, bimodal, or trimodal response to tensile loading. Varying G/O from 10:1 to 2:1 resulted in significant increases in the peak stress (0.26-4.01 MPa), preyield modulus (0.65-62.59 MPa), failure to strain (64-110%), and failure toughness (0.1-0.56 MPa). This demonstrates that altering the G/O ratio over a narrow compositional range provides biomaterials with widely different yet tunable mechanical properties. Further investigation of PGOS-0.75:0.25:1.0 films revealed that varying the cure conditions from 120 to 160 °C for periods of 24-72 h provides access to biomaterials with a failure strain range from 15 to 224% and Young's modulus from 1.17 to 10.85 MPa. Hence, using the dual variables of compositional variation and changes in cure conditions provides an exciting platform for PGS analogues to optimize material-tissue interactions. Increased contents of 1,8-octanediol slowed in vitro degradation. Slowed degradation of PGOS relative to PGS will be valuable for use in slower healing wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kening Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Ha'Ani-Belle Quichocho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Sarah P Black
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Michael T K Bramson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - David T Corr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Richard A Gross
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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10
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Ning Z, Lang K, Xia K, Linhardt RJ, Gross RA. Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(glycerol sebacate). Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:398-408. [PMID: 34936341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrated that immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (N435) catalysis in bulk leads to higher molecular weight poly(glycerol sebacate), PGS, than self-catalyzed condensation polymerization. Since the glass-transition temperature, fragility, modulus, and strength for rubbery networks are inversely dependent on the concentration of chain ends, higher molecular weight PGS prepolymers will enable the preparation of cross-linked PGS matrices with unique mechanical properties. The evolution of molecular species during the prepolymerization step conducted at 120 °C for 24 h, prior to enzyme addition, revealed regular decreases in sebacic acid and glycerol-sebacate dimer with corresponding increases in oligomers with chain lengths from 3 to 7 units such that a homogeneous liquid substrate has resulted. At 67 h, for N435-catalyzed PGS synthesis, the carboxylic acid conversion reached 82% without formation of a gel fraction, and number-average molecular weight (Mn) and weight-average molecular weight (Mw) values reached 6000 and 59 400 g/mol, respectively. In contrast, self-catalyzed PGS condensation polymerizations required termination at 55 h to avoid gelation, reached 72% conversion, and Mn and Mw values of 2600 and 13 800 g/mol, respectively. We also report the extent that solvent fractionation can enrich PGS in higher molecular weight chains. The use of methanol as a nonsolvent increased Mn and Mw by 131.7 and 18.3%, respectively, and narrower dispersity (Đ) decreased by 47.7% relative to the nonfractionated product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyuan Ning
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Kening Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Ke Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Richard A Gross
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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11
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Enzymatic synthesis of glycerol, azido-glycerol and azido-triglycerol based amphiphilic copolymers and their relevance as nanocarriers: A review. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Goddard AR, Apebende EA, Lentz JC, Carmichael K, Taresco V, Irvine DJ, Howdle SM. Synthesis of water-soluble surfactants using catalysed condensation polymerisation in green reaction media. Polym Chem 2021; 12:2992-3003. [PMID: 34122625 PMCID: PMC8145305 DOI: 10.1039/d1py00415h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable and biobased surfactants are required for a wide range of everyday applications. Key drivers are cost, activity and efficiency of production. Polycondensation is an excellent route to build surfactant chains from bio-sourced monomers, but this typically requires high processing temperatures (≥200 °C) to remove the condensate and to lower viscosity of the polymer melt. In addition, high temperatures also increase the degree of branching and cause discolouration through the degradation of sensitive co-initiators and monomers. Here we report the synthesis of novel surface-active polymers from temperature sensitive renewable building blocks such as dicarboxylic acids, polyols (d-sorbitol) and fatty acids. We demonstrate that the products have the potential to be key components in renewable surfactant design, but only if the syntheses are optimised to ensure linear chains with hydrophilic character. The choice of catalyst is key to this control and we have assessed three different approaches. Additionally, we also demonstrate that use of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) can dramatically improve conversion by reducing reaction viscosity, lowering reaction temperature, and driving condensate removal. We also evaluate the performance of the new biobased surfactants, focussing upon surface tension, and critical micelle concentration. Synthesis and characterisation of novel linear surface-active polymers from temperature sensitive renewable building blocks using an inexpensive catalyst and clean scCO2 as reaction medium.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Goddard
- Croda Europe Ltd, Foundry Lane Ditton Widnes WA8 8UB UK.,University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Edward A Apebende
- University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Joachim C Lentz
- University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | | | - Vincenzo Taresco
- University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Derek J Irvine
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Steven M Howdle
- University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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13
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Catalytic Transesterification Routes to Novel Vinyl Glycolate Derivatives of Polyhydric Alcohols. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Lang K, Sánchez-Leija RJ, Gross RA, Linhardt RJ. Review on the Impact of Polyols on the Properties of Bio-Based Polyesters. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2969. [PMID: 33322728 PMCID: PMC7764582 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-based polyol polyesters are biodegradable elastomers having potential utility in soft tissue engineering. This class of polymers can serve a wide range of biomedical applications. Materials based on these polymers are inherently susceptible to degradation during the period of implantation. Factors that influence the physicochemical properties of polyol polyesters might be useful in achieving a balance between durability and biodegradability. The characterization of these polyol polyesters, together with recent comparative studies involving creative synthesis, mechanical testing, and degradation, have revealed many of their molecular-level differences. The impact of the polyol component on the properties of these bio-based polyesters and the optimal reaction conditions for their synthesis are only now beginning to be resolved. This review describes our current understanding of polyol polyester structural properties as well as a discussion of the more commonly used polyol monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kening Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (K.L.); (R.J.S.-L.)
| | - Regina J. Sánchez-Leija
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (K.L.); (R.J.S.-L.)
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Richard A. Gross
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (K.L.); (R.J.S.-L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (K.L.); (R.J.S.-L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
- Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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15
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Perin GB, Felisberti MI. Enzymatic Synthesis of Poly(glycerol sebacate): Kinetics, Chain Growth, and Branching Behavior. Macromolecules 2020; 53:7925-7935. [PMID: 32981969 PMCID: PMC7513468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni B. Perin
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria I. Felisberti
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Enzymatic Polycondensation of 1,6-Hexanediol and Diethyl Adipate: A Statistical Approach Predicting the Key-Parameters in Solution and in Bulk. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12091907. [PMID: 32847050 PMCID: PMC7565462 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various catalysts that can be used for polycondensation reactions, enzymes have been gaining interest for three decades, offering a green and eco-friendly platform towards the sustainable design of renewable polyesters. However, limitations imposed by their delicate nature, render them less addressed. As a case study, we compare herein bulk and solution polycondensation of 1,6-hexanediol and diethyl adipate catalyzed by an immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica. The influence of various parameters including time, temperature, enzyme loading, and vacuum was assessed in the frame of a two-step polymerization with the help of response surface methodology, a statistical technique that investigates relations between input and output variables. Results in solution (diphenyl ether) and bulk conditions showed that a two-hour reaction time was enough to allow adequate oligomer growth for the first step conducted under atmospheric pressure at 100 °C. The number-average molecular weight (Mn) achieved varied between 5000 and 12,000 g·mol-1 after a 24 h reaction and up to 18,500 g∙mol-1 after 48 h. The statistical analysis showed that vacuum was the most influential factor affecting the Mn in diphenyl ether. In sharp contrast, enzyme loading was found to be the most influential parameter in bulk conditions. Recyclability in bulk conditions showed a constant Mn of the polyester over three cycles, while a 17% decrease was noticed in solution. The following work finally introduced a statistical approach that can adequately predict the Mn of poly(hexylene adipate) based on the choice of parameter levels, providing a handy tool in the synthesis of polyesters where the control of molecular weight is of importance.
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17
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Lang K, Bhattacharya S, Ning Z, Sánchez-Leija RJ, Bramson MTK, Centore R, Corr DT, Linhardt RJ, Gross RA. Enzymatic Polymerization of Poly(glycerol-1,8-octanediol-sebacate): Versatile Poly(glycerol sebacate) Analogues that Form Monocomponent Biodegradable Fiber Scaffolds. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3197-3206. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kening Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Somdatta Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Zhuoyuan Ning
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Regina J. Sánchez-Leija
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Michael T. K. Bramson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Robert Centore
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - David T. Corr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Richard A. Gross
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Department of Biology and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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18
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Yang X, Li D, Song C, Shao P, Wang S, Wang Z, Lv Y, Wei Z. Syntheses of high molecular weight hydroxy functional copolymers by green and selective polycondensation methods. RSC Adv 2020; 10:6414-6422. [PMID: 35495984 PMCID: PMC9049703 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00120a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesizing hydroxy-functional linear copolymers with high molecular weights (Mn) and low branching degree (Den%) remains challenging, although there has been much headway in the area of functional copolymers. Here, we studied the effect of polymerization methods (one-step or two-step) and solvents (organic solvent: diphenyl ether or ionic liquids: [Cnmim]TF2N/BF4/PF6, n = 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10) on Mn and Den% of copolymers P(OA–GA) (1,8-octanediol adipate (O-A)/glycerol adipate (G-A)). The Mn of P(OA–GA) reached up to 53 937 g mol−1 in two-step in diphenyl ether, and the Den% of glycerol can be controlled within 30%. The physical properties of these copolymers were investigated by contact angles, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and in vitro biodegradation. With increasing glycerol content in the polyesters, both hydrophilic properties and degradation properties increased. This system not only facilitates the synthesis of functional polyesters with high molecular weight and low branching, but also expands the possibility of using bio-based monomers to synthesize functional polymers. High molecular weight hydroxy functional copolymers have been synthesized by two-step polycondensation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
| | - Dexing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
| | - Chenggang Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
| | - Peiyuan Shao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
| | - Shiming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
| | - Ziqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
| | - Yin Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
| | - Zhong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- Shihezi 832003
- China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan
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19
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Zeng F, Yang X, Li D, Dai L, Zhang X, Lv Y, Wei Z. Functionalized polyesters derived from glycerol: Selective polycondensation methods toward glycerol‐based polyesters by different catalysts. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Dexing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Li Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Yin Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
| | - Zhong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China
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20
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Swainson SME, Styliari ID, Taresco V, Garnett MC. Poly (glycerol adipate) (PGA), an Enzymatically Synthesized Functionalizable Polyester and Versatile Drug Delivery Carrier: A Literature Update. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101561. [PMID: 31557875 PMCID: PMC6835762 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatically synthesized poly (glycerol adipate) (PGA) has demonstrated all the desirable key properties required from a performing biomaterial to be considered a versatile “polymeric-tool” in the broad field of drug delivery. The step-growth polymerization pathway catalyzed by lipase generates a highly functionalizable platform while avoiding tedious steps of protection and deprotection. Synthesis requires only minor purification steps and uses cheap and readily available reagents. The final polymeric material is biodegradable, biocompatible and intrinsically amphiphilic, with a good propensity to self-assemble into nanoparticles (NPs). The free hydroxyl group lends itself to a variety of chemical derivatizations via simple reaction pathways which alter its physico-chemical properties with a possibility to generate an endless number of possible active macromolecules. The present work aims to summarize the available literature about PGA synthesis, architecture alterations, chemical modifications and its application in drug and gene delivery as a versatile carrier. Following on from this, the evolution of the concept of enzymatically-degradable PGA-drug conjugation has been explored, reporting recent examples in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadie M E Swainson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Ioanna D Styliari
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Martin C Garnett
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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21
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Boakye PG, Jones KC, Latona NP, Liu C, Strahan G, Zhang J, Besong SA, Lumor SE, Wyatt VT. Synthesis of absorbent polymer films made from fatty acid methyl esters, glycerol, and glutaric acid: Thermal, mechanical, and porosity analyses. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prince G. Boakye
- Department of Human EcologyDelaware State University 1200 N Dupont Highway, Dover Delaware 19901
| | - Kerby C. Jones
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
| | - Nicholas P. Latona
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
| | - Cheng‐Kung Liu
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
| | - Gary Strahan
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Samuel A. Besong
- Department of Human EcologyDelaware State University 1200 N Dupont Highway, Dover Delaware 19901
| | - Stephen E. Lumor
- Department of Human EcologyDelaware State University 1200 N Dupont Highway, Dover Delaware 19901
| | - Victor T. Wyatt
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
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22
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Abstract
Enzymatic polymerization is an environmentally benign process for the synthesis of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers. The regioselectivity of lipase B from Candida Antarctica (CAL-B) produces linear functional polyesters without protection-deprotection steps. In this work, two different methods for the enzymatic synthesis of functional polyesters based on renewable resources, as, e.g., glycerol, using CAL-B are outlined. Poly(glycerol adipate) was synthesized by enzymatic transesterification between glycerol and divinyl adipate or dimethyl adipate. Methods are also reported to graft poly(glycerol adipate) with different amounts of hydrophobic side chains (lauric, stearic, behenic, and oleic acids) and hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) side chains, respectively. The hydrophilicity or lipophilicity of grafted polyesters is well controlled by changing the degree of grafting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains. The multiple grafted polyesters are characterized by NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, gel permeation chromatography, and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the self-assembly of the graft copolymers in water and their use as steric stabilizers for cubosomes are discussed. For this purpose mainly dynamic light scattering and small angle X-ray scattering have been employed.
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23
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Rao Z, Ni H, Li Y, Zhu H, Liu Y, Hao J. Macroscopic Scaffold Control for Lipase‐Catalyzed Dendritic Polyol‐Polyesters. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Kun Rao
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China No. 4, Block 2, North Jian'she Road Cheng'du 610054 China
| | - Hai‐Liang Ni
- College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceSichuan Normal University Cheng'du 610066 China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China No. 4, Block 2, North Jian'she Road Cheng'du 610054 China
| | - Hong‐Yu Zhu
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China No. 4, Block 2, North Jian'she Road Cheng'du 610054 China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China No. 4, Block 2, North Jian'she Road Cheng'du 610054 China
| | - Jian‐Yuan Hao
- School of Materials and EnergyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China No. 4, Block 2, North Jian'she Road Cheng'du 610054 China
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24
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Liang L, Long J, Li G. Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of hyperbranched polyester improved by autocatalytic prepolymerization process. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuen Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; Macquarie University; Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Junyuan Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Guangji Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
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25
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Chakraborty S, Pagaduan JNM, Melgar ZKA, Seitz S, Kan K, Ajiro H. Glycerol-modified poly(ε-caprolactone): an biocatalytic approach to improve the hydrophilicity of poly(ε-caprolactone). Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Zhang T, Howell BA, Zhang D, Zhu B, Smith PB. Hyperbranched poly (ester) s for delivery of small molecule therapeutics. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Zhang
- Michigan State University; St. Andrew Campus, 1910 W. St. Andrew Rd Midland MI 48640 USA
| | - Bob A. Howell
- Center for Applications in Polymer Science, Department of Chemistry; Central Michigan University; Mt. Pleasant MI 48859 USA
| | - Daniel Zhang
- Michigan State University; St. Andrew Campus, 1910 W. St. Andrew Rd Midland MI 48640 USA
| | - Brandon Zhu
- Michigan State University; St. Andrew Campus, 1910 W. St. Andrew Rd Midland MI 48640 USA
| | - Patrick B. Smith
- Michigan State University; St. Andrew Campus, 1910 W. St. Andrew Rd Midland MI 48640 USA
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27
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A review on enzymatic polymerization to produce polycondensation polymers: The case of aliphatic polyesters, polyamides and polyesteramides. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Baheti P, Gimello O, Bouilhac C, Lacroix-Desmazes P, Howdle SM. Sustainable synthesis and precise characterisation of bio-based star polycaprolactone synthesised with a metal catalyst and with lipase. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Development of a sustainable route for the synthesis of star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone) using renewable feedstocks in clean solvents (scCO2 and bulk) with the catalysts Sn(Oct)2 or the enzyme Novozym 435.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Steven M. Howdle
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
- UK
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29
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Zhou Y, Goossens JGP, Sijbesma RP, Heuts JPA. Poly(butylene terephthalate)/Glycerol-based Vitrimers via Solid-State Polymerization. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwu Zhou
- Supramolecular
Polymer Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rint P. Sijbesma
- Supramolecular
Polymer Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Johan P. A. Heuts
- Supramolecular
Polymer Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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30
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Bilal MH, Hussain H, Prehm M, Baumeister U, Meister A, Hause G, Busse K, Mäder K, Kressler J. Synthesis of poly(glycerol adipate)- g -oleate and its ternary phase diagram with glycerol monooleate and water. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Pin JM, Valerio O, Misra M, Mohanty A. Impact of Butyl Glycidyl Ether Comonomer on Poly(glycerol–succinate) Architecture and Dynamics for Multifunctional Hyperbranched Polymer Design. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Mathieu Pin
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant
Agriculture, and ‡School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Oscar Valerio
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant
Agriculture, and ‡School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Manjusri Misra
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant
Agriculture, and ‡School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Amar Mohanty
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant
Agriculture, and ‡School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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32
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Elliot SG, Andersen C, Tolborg S, Meier S, Sádaba I, Daugaard AE, Taarning E. Synthesis of a novel polyester building block from pentoses by tin-containing silicates. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26708d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
C5-Sugars form a new bio-monomer (trans-2,5-dihydroxy-3-pentenoic acid methyl ester), which can undergo enzymatic copolymerization with E6-HH to form multifunctional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. G. Elliot
- Haldor Topsøe A/S
- 2800-Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Denmark
| | - C. Andersen
- Danish Polymer Centre
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Technical University of Denmark
- 2800-Kgs Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - S. Tolborg
- Haldor Topsøe A/S
- 2800-Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Denmark
| | - S. Meier
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Denmark
- 2800-Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - I. Sádaba
- Haldor Topsøe A/S
- 2800-Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - A. E. Daugaard
- Danish Polymer Centre
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Technical University of Denmark
- 2800-Kgs Lyngby
- Denmark
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33
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d'Arcy R, Burke J, Tirelli N. Branched polyesters: Preparative strategies and applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 107:60-81. [PMID: 27189232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20years, the availability of precision chemical tools (e.g. controlled/living polymerizations, 'click' reactions) has determined a step change in the complexity of both the macromolecular architecture and the chemical functionality of biodegradable polyesters. A major part in this evolution has been played by the possibilities that controlled macromolecular branching offers in terms of tailored physical/biological performance. This review paper aims to provide an updated overview of preparative techniques that derive hyperbranched, dendritic, comb, grafted polyesters through polycondensation or ring-opening polymerization mechanisms.
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34
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Nguyen HD, Löf D, Hvilsted S, Daugaard AE. Highly Branched Bio-Based Unsaturated Polyesters by Enzymatic Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8100363. [PMID: 30974637 PMCID: PMC6432132 DOI: 10.3390/polym8100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A one-pot, enzyme-catalyzed bulk polymerization method for direct production of highly branched polyesters has been developed as an alternative to currently used industrial procedures. Bio-based feed components in the form of glycerol, pentaerythritol, azelaic acid, and tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) were polymerized using an immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) and the potential for an enzymatic synthesis of alkyds was investigated. The developed method enables the use of both glycerol and also pentaerythritol (for the first time) as the alcohol source and was found to be very robust. This allows simple variations in the molar mass and structure of the polyester without premature gelation, thus enabling easy tailoring of the branched polyester structure. The postpolymerization crosslinking of the polyesters illustrates their potential as binders in alkyds. The formed films had good UV stability, very high water contact angles of up to 141° and a glass transition temperature that could be controlled through the feed composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiep Dinh Nguyen
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - David Löf
- Hempel A/S, Lundtoftegårdsvej 91, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Søren Hvilsted
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Anders Egede Daugaard
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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35
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Jiang Y, Loos K. Enzymatic Synthesis of Biobased Polyesters and Polyamides. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E243. [PMID: 30974520 PMCID: PMC6432488 DOI: 10.3390/polym8070243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, "green" is a hot topic almost everywhere, from retailers to universities to industries; and achieving a green status has become a universal aim. However, polymers are commonly considered not to be "green", being associated with massive energy consumption and severe pollution problems (for example, the "Plastic Soup") as a public stereotype. To achieve green polymers, three elements should be entailed: (1) green raw materials, catalysts and solvents; (2) eco-friendly synthesis processes; and (3) sustainable polymers with a low carbon footprint, for example, (bio)degradable polymers or polymers which can be recycled or disposed with a gentle environmental impact. By utilizing biobased monomers in enzymatic polymerizations, many advantageous green aspects can be fulfilled. For example, biobased monomers and enzyme catalysts are renewable materials that are derived from biomass feedstocks; enzymatic polymerizations are clean and energy saving processes; and no toxic residuals contaminate the final products. Therefore, synthesis of renewable polymers via enzymatic polymerizations of biobased monomers provides an opportunity for achieving green polymers and a future sustainable polymer industry, which will eventually play an essential role for realizing and maintaining a biobased and sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Katja Loos
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Taresco V, Creasey R, Kennon J, Mantovani G, Alexander C, Burley J, Garnett M. Variation in structure and properties of poly(glycerol adipate) via control of chain branching during enzymatic synthesis. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pellis A, Herrero Acero E, Ferrario V, Ribitsch D, Guebitz GM, Gardossi L. The Closure of the Cycle: Enzymatic Synthesis and Functionalization of Bio-Based Polyesters. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:316-328. [PMID: 26806112 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The polymer industry is under pressure to mitigate the environmental cost of petrol-based plastics. Biotechnologies contribute to the gradual replacement of petrol-based chemistry and the development of new renewable products, leading to the closure of carbon circle. An array of bio-based building blocks is already available on an industrial scale and is boosting the development of new generations of sustainable and functionally competitive polymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA). Biocatalysts add higher value to bio-based polymers by catalyzing not only their selective modification, but also their synthesis under mild and controlled conditions. The ultimate aim is the introduction of chemical functionalities on the surface of the polymer while retaining its bulk properties, thus enlarging the spectrum of advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pellis
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department for Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, A-3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Enrique Herrero Acero
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, A-3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Valerio Ferrario
- Laboratory of Applied and Computational Biocatalysis, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Doris Ribitsch
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, A-3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Georg M Guebitz
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department for Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, A-3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, A-3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Lucia Gardossi
- Laboratory of Applied and Computational Biocatalysis, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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38
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Shoda SI, Uyama H, Kadokawa JI, Kimura S, Kobayashi S. Enzymes as Green Catalysts for Precision Macromolecular Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:2307-413. [PMID: 26791937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present article comprehensively reviews the macromolecular synthesis using enzymes as catalysts. Among the six main classes of enzymes, the three classes, oxidoreductases, transferases, and hydrolases, have been employed as catalysts for the in vitro macromolecular synthesis and modification reactions. Appropriate design of reaction including monomer and enzyme catalyst produces macromolecules with precisely controlled structure, similarly as in vivo enzymatic reactions. The reaction controls the product structure with respect to substrate selectivity, chemo-selectivity, regio-selectivity, stereoselectivity, and choro-selectivity. Oxidoreductases catalyze various oxidation polymerizations of aromatic compounds as well as vinyl polymerizations. Transferases are effective catalysts for producing polysaccharide having a variety of structure and polyesters. Hydrolases catalyzing the bond-cleaving of macromolecules in vivo, catalyze the reverse reaction for bond forming in vitro to give various polysaccharides and functionalized polyesters. The enzymatic polymerizations allowed the first in vitro synthesis of natural polysaccharides having complicated structures like cellulose, amylose, xylan, chitin, hyaluronan, and chondroitin. These polymerizations are "green" with several respects; nontoxicity of enzyme, high catalyst efficiency, selective reactions under mild conditions using green solvents and renewable starting materials, and producing minimal byproducts. Thus, the enzymatic polymerization is desirable for the environment and contributes to "green polymer chemistry" for maintaining sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University , Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Kadokawa
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University , Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shiro Kobayashi
- Center for Fiber & Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Kumar A, Khan A, Malhotra S, Mosurkal R, Dhawan A, Pandey MK, Singh BK, Kumar R, Prasad AK, Sharma SK, Samuelson LA, Cholli AL, Len C, Richards NGJ, Kumar J, Haag R, Watterson AC, Parmar VS. Synthesis of macromolecular systems via lipase catalyzed biocatalytic reactions: applications and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:6855-6887. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00147e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the application of lipases in the synthesis of pharmaceutically important small molecules and polymers for diverse applications.
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40
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Enríquez-Núñez CA, Camacho-Dávila AA, Ramos-Sánchez VH, Zaragoza-Galán G, Ballinas-Casarrubias L, Chávez-Flores D. Chemoenzymatic Kinetic resolution of (R)-malathion in aqueous media. Chem Cent J 2015; 9:46. [PMID: 26361495 PMCID: PMC4564436 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-015-0119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malathion (R,S)-diethyl-2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]butanedioate is a chiral organophosphorus compound used widely as pesticide for suppression of harmful insects such as mosquitoes. It is well known that in biological systems (R)-malathion is the active enantiomer, therefore a sustainable approach could be the use of only the biologically active enantiomer. The resolution of the commercial racemic mixture to obtain the pure active enantiomer combined with a recycling of the undesired enantiomer through a racemization process could be an attractive alternative to reduce the environmental impact of this pesticide. Thus, this work evaluates the use of four commercially available lipases for enantioselective hydrolysis and separation of malathion enantiomers from the commercial racemic mixture. RESULTS Several lipases were methodologically assessed, considering parameters such as enzyme concentration, temperature and reaction rates. Among them, Candida rugosa lipase exhibited the best performance, in terms of enantioselectivity, E = 185 (selective to the (S)-enantiomer). In this way, the desired unreacted (R)-enantiomer was recovered in a 49.42 % yield with an enantiomeric excess of 87 %. The monohydrolized (S)-enantiomer was recovered and racemized in basic media, followed by esterification to obtain the racemic malathion, which was recycled. In this way, an enantioenriched mixture of (R)-malathion was obtained with a conversion of 65.80 % considering the recycled (S)-enantiomer. CONCLUSION This work demonstrated the feasibility of exploiting Candida rugosa lipase to kinetically resolve racemic malathion through an environmentally friendly recycling of the undesired (S)-enantiomer. Graphical AbstractLipase catalyzed enantioselective resolution of (R)-malathion in aqueous solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Enríquez-Núñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No.1 Campus Universitario, Chihuahua, Arboledas, Chihuahua 31125 Apartado Postal 669, , México
| | - Alejandro A Camacho-Dávila
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No.1 Campus Universitario, Chihuahua, Arboledas, Chihuahua 31125 Apartado Postal 669, , México
| | - Víctor H Ramos-Sánchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No.1 Campus Universitario, Chihuahua, Arboledas, Chihuahua 31125 Apartado Postal 669, , México
| | - Gerardo Zaragoza-Galán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No.1 Campus Universitario, Chihuahua, Arboledas, Chihuahua 31125 Apartado Postal 669, , México
| | - Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No.1 Campus Universitario, Chihuahua, Arboledas, Chihuahua 31125 Apartado Postal 669, , México
| | - David Chávez-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No.1 Campus Universitario, Chihuahua, Arboledas, Chihuahua 31125 Apartado Postal 669, , México
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41
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Bassanini I, Hult K, Riva S. Dicarboxylic esters: Useful tools for the biocatalyzed synthesis of hybrid compounds and polymers. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1583-95. [PMID: 26664578 PMCID: PMC4660951 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives (esters and anhydrides) have been used as acylating agents in lipase-catalyzed reactions in organic solvents. The synthetic outcomes have been dimeric or hybrid derivatives of bioactive natural compounds as well as functionalized polyesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Bassanini
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, via Mario Bianco 9, Milano, Italy
| | - Karl Hult
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, via Mario Bianco 9, Milano, Italy ; School of Biotechnology, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Albanova KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergio Riva
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, CNR, via Mario Bianco 9, Milano, Italy
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42
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Galbis JA, García-Martín MDG, de Paz MV, Galbis E. Synthetic Polymers from Sugar-Based Monomers. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1600-36. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Galbis
- Department of Organic and
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Seville, 41071 Seville, Spain
| | | | - M. Violante de Paz
- Department of Organic and
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Seville, 41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Elsa Galbis
- Department of Organic and
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Seville, 41071 Seville, Spain
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43
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Gustini L, Noordover BA, Gehrels C, Dietz C, Koning CE. Enzymatic synthesis and preliminary evaluation as coating of sorbitol-based, hydroxy-functional polyesters with controlled molecular weights. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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44
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Kanai T, Thirumoolan D, Mohanram R, Vetrivel K, Basha KA. Antimicrobial activity of hyperbranched polymers: Synthesis, characterization, and activity assay study. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911514565936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Poly(cyanurateamine) and poly(triacrylatetrimine) hyperbranched polymers were synthesized for the first time by adopting Michael addition reaction. These polymers were obtained by reacting diethylenetriamine (A2) with 2,4,6-triallylcyanurate (B3) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (B3), respectively, at room temperature. The polymers were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared, 1H-, and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of hyperbranched polymers was studied against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 2423, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus sp., and Acinetobacter beijerinckii. Both poly(cyanurateamine) and poly(triacrylatetrimine) show good antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria compared to gram-negative bacteria. Interestingly, poly(triacrylatetrimine) is better resistant to promising antibiotics and antiseptics bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens in comparison with poly(cyanurateamine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Kanai
- Polymer Division, Naval Material Research Laboratory, Ambernath, India
| | - D Thirumoolan
- P.G. & Research Department of Chemistry, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - R Mohanram
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ambernath, India
| | - K Vetrivel
- P.G. & Research Department of Chemistry, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
| | - K Anver Basha
- P.G. & Research Department of Chemistry, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, India
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45
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Somisetti V, Allauddin S, Narayan R, Raju KVSN. Synthesis of a novel glycerol based B3-type monomer and its application in hyperbranched polyester urethane–urea coatings. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Renewable based poly(urethane–urea) coatings with high thermal stability (Tg – 124.9) were prepared from hyperbranched polyester polyol with the degree of branching almost equal to 66%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varaprasad Somisetti
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - Shaik Allauddin
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - Ramanuj Narayan
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - K. V. S. N. Raju
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
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46
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Frampton MB, Jones TRB, Zelisko PM. Cyclotetrasiloxane frameworks for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of oligoesters. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14828b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipase-mediated synthesis of branched and polycyclic polyester systems based on a cyclotetrasiloxane core.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Frampton
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Biotechnology
- Brock University
- St. Catharines
- Canada
| | - T. R. B. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Biotechnology
- Brock University
- St. Catharines
- Canada
| | - P. M. Zelisko
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Biotechnology
- Brock University
- St. Catharines
- Canada
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Zhang H, Grinstaff MW. Recent advances in glycerol polymers: chemistry and biomedical applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1906-24. [PMID: 25308354 PMCID: PMC4415886 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol polymers are attracting increased attention due to the diversity of polymer compositions and architectures available. This article provides a brief chronological review on the current status of these polymers along with representative examples of their use for biomedical applications. First, the underlying chemistry of glycerol that provides access to a range of monomers for subsequent polymerizations is described. Then, the various synthetic methodologies to prepare glycerol-based polymers including polyethers, polycarbonates, polyesters, and so forth are reviewed. Next, several biomedical applications where glycerol polymers are being investigated including carriers for drug delivery, sealants or coatings for tissue repair, and agents possessing antibacterial activity are described. Fourth, the growing market opportunity for the use of polymers in medicine is described. Finally, the findings are concluded and summarized, as well as the potential opportunities for continued research efforts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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48
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Zhang T, Howell BA, Dumitrascu A, Martin SJ, Smith PB. Synthesis and characterization of glycerol-adipic acid hyperbranched polyesters. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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49
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Lipases in polymer chemistry. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 125:69-95. [PMID: 20859733 DOI: 10.1007/10_2010_90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipases are highly active in the polymerization of a range of monomers. Both ring-opening polymerization of cyclic monomers such as lactones and carbonates as well as polycondensation reactions have been investigated in great detail. Moreover, in combination with other (chemical) polymerization techniques, lipase-catalyzed polymerization has been employed to synthesize a variety of polymer materials. Major advantages of enzymatic catalysts are the often-observed excellent regio-, chemo- and enantioselectivity that allows for the direct preparation of functional materials. In particular, the application of techniques such as Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (DKR) in the lipase-catalyzed polymerization of racemic monomers is a new development in enzymatic polymerization. This paper reviews selected examples of the application of lipases in polymer chemistry covering the synthesis of linear polymers, chemoenzymatic polymerization and applications of enantioselective techniques for the synthesis and modification of polymers.
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50
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Solid, double-metal cyanide catalysts for synthesis of hyperbranched polyesters and aliphatic polycarbonates. J CHEM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-014-0573-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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