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Motta MA, Mulko L, Marin E, Larrañaga A, Calderón M. Polypeptide-based multilayer nanoarchitectures: Controlled assembly on planar and colloidal substrates for biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103248. [PMID: 39033588 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Polypeptides have shown an excellent potential in nanomedicine thanks to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, high functionality, and responsiveness to several stimuli. Polypeptides exhibit high propensity to organize at the supramolecular level; hence, they have been extensively considered as building blocks in the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. The LbL technique is a highly versatile methodology, which involves the sequential assembly of building blocks, mainly driven by electrostatic interactions, onto planar or colloidal templates to fabricate sophisticated multilayer nanoarchitectures. The simplicity and the mild conditions required in the LbL approach have led to the inclusion of biopolymers and bioactive molecules for the fabrication of a wide spectrum of biodegradable, biocompatible, and precisely engineered multilayer films for biomedical applications. This review focuses on those examples in which polypeptides have been used as building blocks of multilayer nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications, highlighting the characteristics of the polypeptides and the strategies adopted to increase the stability of the multilayer film. Cross-linking is presented as a powerful strategy to enhance the stability and stiffness of the multilayer network, which is a fundamental requirement for biomedical applications. For example, in tissue engineering, a stiff multilayer coating, the presence of adhesion promoters, and/or bioactive molecules boost the adhesion, growth, and differentiation of cells. On the contrary, antimicrobial coatings should repel and inhibit the growth of bacteria. In drug delivery applications, mainly focused on particles and capsules at the micro- and nano-meter scale, the stability of the multilayer film is crucial in terms of retention and controlled release of the payload. Recent advances have shown the key role of the polypeptides in the adsorption of genetic material with high loading efficiency, and in addressing different pathways of the particles/capsules during the intracellular uptake, paving the way for applications in personalized medicine. Although there are a few studies, the responsiveness of the polypeptides to the pH changes, together with the inclusion of stimuli-responsive entities into the multilayer network, represents a further key factor for the development of smart drug delivery systems to promote a sustained release of therapeutics. The degradability of polypeptides may be an obstacle in certain scenarios for the controlled intracellular release of a drug once an external stimulus is applied. Nowadays, the highly engineered design of biodegradable LbL particles/capsules is oriented on the development of theranostics that, limited to use of polypeptides, are still in their infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angela Motta
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, Bilbao School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Lucinda Mulko
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Edurne Marin
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, Bilbao School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aitor Larrañaga
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, Bilbao School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Torres Quevedo 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- POLYMAT, Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.
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2
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Jansman MMT, Coll-Satue C, Liu X, Kempen PJ, Andresen TL, Thulstrup PW, Hosta-Rigau L. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers camouflaged with membranes extracted from red blood cells: Optimization and assessment of functionality. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 134:112691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Polyelectrolyte adsorption in single small nanochannel by layer-by-layer method. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 561:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Synthetic peptide-based polymers can fold into different secondary structures in the same way as do proteins. This review article presents how tuning the polypeptide secondary structure could be a key step to modulate various properties in advanced polymeric materials (size, rigidity, self-assembly,etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Bonduelle
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (UPR8241))
- F-31077 Toulouse
- France
- Université de Toulouse
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Silva JM, Reis RL, Mano JF. Biomimetic Extracellular Environment Based on Natural Origin Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:4308-42. [PMID: 27435905 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of biomaterials is a well-known approach to enable an adequate biointerface between the implant and the surrounding tissue, dictating the initial acceptance or rejection of the implantable device. Since its discovery in early 1990s layer-by-layer (LbL) approaches have become a popular and attractive technique to functionalize the biomaterials surface and also engineering various types of objects such as capsules, hollow tubes, and freestanding membranes in a controllable and versatile manner. Such versatility enables the incorporation of different nanostructured building blocks, including natural biopolymers, which appear as promising biomimetic multilayered systems due to their similarity to human tissues. In this review, the potential of natural origin polymer-based multilayers is highlighted in hopes of a better understanding of the mechanisms behind its use as building blocks of LbL assembly. A deep overview on the recent progresses achieved in the design, fabrication, and applications of natural origin multilayered films is provided. Such films may lead to novel biomimetic approaches for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, implantable devices, cell-based biosensors, diagnostic systems, and basic cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M Silva
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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6
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Díez-Pascual AM, Shuttleworth PS. Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Biopolyelectrolytes onto Thermo/pH-Responsive Micro/Nano-Gels. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 7:7472-7512. [PMID: 28788259 PMCID: PMC5512647 DOI: 10.3390/ma7117472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This review deals with the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers of biopolymers, polypeptides (i.e., poly-l-lysine/poly-l-glutamic acid) and polysaccharides (i.e., chitosan/dextran sulphate/sodium alginate), onto thermo- and/or pH-responsive micro- and nano-gels such as those based on synthetic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) or biodegradable hyaluronic acid (HA) and dextran-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (DEX-HEMA). The synthesis of the ensembles and their characterization by way of various techniques is described. The morphology, hydrodynamic size, surface charge density, bilayer thickness, stability over time and mechanical properties of the systems are discussed. Further, the mechanisms of interaction between biopolymers and gels are analysed. Results demonstrate that the structure and properties of biocompatible multilayer films can be finely tuned by confinement onto stimuli-responsive gels, which thus provides new perspectives for biomedical applications, particularly in the controlled release of biomolecules, bio-sensors, gene delivery, tissue engineering and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Díez-Pascual
- Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Chemistry, Alcalá University, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Peter S Shuttleworth
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Branched polymer models and the mechanism of multilayer film buildup. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 121:331-9. [PMID: 24985760 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The "in and out diffusion" hypothesis does not provide a conclusive explanation of the buildup displayed by some polyelectrolyte multilayer film systems. Here, we report initial tests of an alternative hypothesis, on which the completion of each adsorption cycle results in an increase in the number of polymer binding sites on the film surface. Polycationic dendrimeric peptides, which can potentially bind several oppositely-charged peptides each, have been designed, synthesized and utilized in comparative film buildup experiments. Material deposited, internal film structure and film surface morphology have been studied by ultraviolet spectroscopy (UVS), circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD), quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Polycations tended to contribute more to film buildup than did polyanions on quartz but not on gold. Increasing the number of branches in the dendrimeric peptides from 4 to 8 reproducibly resulted in an increase in the film growth rate on quartz but not on gold. Peptide backbones tended to adopt a β-strand conformation on incorporation into a film. Thicker films had a greater surface roughness than thin films. The data are consistent with film buildup models in which the average number of polymer binding sites will increase with each successive adsorption cycle in the range where exponential growth is displayed.
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Borges J, Mano JF. Molecular Interactions Driving the Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Multilayers. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8883-942. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400531v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 609] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João Borges
- 3B’s
Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra,
S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s
− PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B’s
Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra,
S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s
− PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Westwood M, Noel TR, Parker R. The effect of poly-L-lysine structure on the pH response of polygalacturonic acid-based multilayers. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 94:137-46. [PMID: 23544522 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect of poly-L-lysine (PLL) molecular weight and structure on pH stability of polygalacturonic acid (PGaLA)-based multilayer films is studied over a pH cycle 7.0-1.6-7.0. The multilayer assembled with the lowest molecular weight PLL (1 kDa) showed the largest pH response. Only 12% of the mass remained and a preferential loss of PLL was observed. Extensive structural reorganisation of the layer as the pH was increased was due to the PGaLA reionisation leading to extensive net loss of hydrated mass. The multilayers assembled with the higher molecular weight linear PLLs (10 kDa, 200 kDa) showed loss of about 50% of their initial polymer mass. The multilayer assembled with the dendrimer (22 kDa) showed a stronger response to pH compared to the linear higher molecular weight PLLs. Over the pH cycle a loss of about 60% polymer mass and a decrease in the film thickness was observed. Despite having a reduced density at pH 1.6, the density substantially recovered to 0.54 g mL(-1) on return to pH 7.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Westwood
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
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10
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Investigations on the Secondary Structure of Polypeptide Chains in Polyelectrolyte Multilayers and their Effect on the Adhesion and Spreading of Osteoblasts. Biointerphases 2012; 7:62. [DOI: 10.1007/s13758-012-0062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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11
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Hammond PT. Engineering materials layer-by-layer: Challenges and opportunities in multilayer assembly. AIChE J 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Khadka DB, Cross MC, Haynie DT. A synthetic polypeptide electrospun biomaterial. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:2994-3001. [PMID: 21761826 DOI: 10.1021/am200498r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fiber mats of a synthetic anionic copolypeptide of l-glutamic acid and l-tyrosine (PLEY) have been produced by electrospinning, and physical, chemical, and biological properties of the fibers have been characterized in vitro. Fibers were obtained from polymer dissolved in water at concentrations of 20-60% (w/v) but not below this range. Applied voltage and spinneret-collector distance were also found to influence polymer spinnability. Oriented fibers were obtained by changing the geometry of the collector. Fiber diameter was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A common chemical reagent was used to cross-link polymers postspinning. Fiber solubility in aqueous solution varied as a function of cross-linking time. Cationic polypeptides labeled with a fluorescent dye became noncovalently associated with cross-linked fibers, enabling visualization by fluorescence microscopy. Spectroscopy provided information on polymer chain conformation in solution and in fibers. Degradation of cross-linked fibers by different proteases has been demonstrated. Fibroblasts were cultured on cross-linked fiber mats to test basic cytocompatibility. Synthetic polypeptide fiber mats may be useful in applications in medicine, biotechnology, and other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhan B Khadka
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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13
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Sun B, Flessner RM, Saurer EM, Jewell CM, Fredin NJ, Lynn DM. Characterization of pH-induced changes in the morphology of polyelectrolyte multilayers assembled from poly(allylamine) and low molecular weight poly(acrylic acid). J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 355:431-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Pereira AR, Iost RM, Martins MVA, Yokomizo CH, da Silva WC, Nantes IL, Crespilho FN. Molecular interactions and structure of a supramolecular arrangement of glucose oxidase and palladium nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:12155-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20432g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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15
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Qiao B, Cerdà JJ, Holm C. Poly(styrenesulfonate)−Poly(diallyldimethylammonium) Mixtures: Toward the Understanding of Polyelectrolyte Complexes and Multilayers via Atomistic Simulations. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101091k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baofu Qiao
- Institute for Computational Physics. Universität Stuttgart. 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Juan J. Cerdà
- Institute for Computational Physics. Universität Stuttgart. 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Holm
- Institute for Computational Physics. Universität Stuttgart. 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Effect of layer-by-layer confinement of polypeptides and polysaccharides onto thermoresponsive microgels: A comparative study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 347:79-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Tsai HA, Wu RR, Lee IC, Chang HY, Shen CN, Chang YC. Selection, Enrichment, and Maintenance of Self-Renewal Liver Stem/Progenitor Cells Utilizing Polypeptide Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:994-1001. [DOI: 10.1021/bm901461e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Ang Tsai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruei-Ren Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - I-Chi Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsiao-Yuan Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Ning Shen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ying-Chih Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Zhi ZL, Liu B, Jones PM, Pickup JC. Polysaccharide Multilayer Nanoencapsulation of Insulin-Producing β-Cells Grown as Pseudoislets for Potential Cellular Delivery of Insulin. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:610-6. [DOI: 10.1021/bm901152k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-liang Zhi
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Liu
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Jones
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - John C Pickup
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
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Wang X, Ji J. Postdiffusion of oligo-peptide within exponential growth multilayer films for localized peptide delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11664-11671. [PMID: 19736942 DOI: 10.1021/la9013575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The multilayers of poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were constructed by alternating deposition of PLL at high pH and HA at low pH. The exponential growth of the multilayer was proved to be amplified by increasing the pH difference between the two deposition solutions. The exponential growth multilayers of PLL/HA assembled at different pH were utilized as reservoirs for loading a trans-activating transcriptional factor (TAT) peptide. The confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) results indicated that the FITC-labeled TAT could diffuse throughout the exponentially growing PLL/HA film. The amount of peptide embedded within multilayer could be adjusted by both multilayer assembly pH and the TAT loading pH. Compared with (PLL/HA 6.5/6.5)5 multilayer (PLL/HA a/b means that the multilayer film was constructed by using PLL at pH a and HA at pH b), the (PLL/HA 9.5/2.9)5 film can be loaded with more TAT peptide at the same loading pH 6.5. The excess of positively charged TAT peptide within (PLL/HA 9.5/2.9)5 film could not only be ascribed to its extraordinary thickness but also be attributed to its uncompensated negative charge density enhanced by the pH difference between film buildup and peptide loading process. Increasing of the TAT loading pH from 6.5 to 9.5, which increases the pH difference between multilayer assembly and peptide loading process, enhances the uncompensated charge density within (PLL/HA 9.5/2.9)5 film and elevates the peptide density from 13.8 to 25.0 microg/cm2. Compared with direct layer-by-layer assembly of TAT and HA, the postdiffusion of TAT into (PLL/HA 9.5/2.9)5 film was loaded much more peptide. The postdiffusion of peptide into a rapid growth multilayer can be more favorable to load and sustainedly release functional oligo-peptide. The cell culture results indicated that the TAT embedded within the film maintained the ability to traverse across the Hep G2 cell membrane. The functionalized (PLL/HA 9.5/2.9)5 TAT 9.5 film was more efficient than the equivalent amount of free TAT peptide in the TAT uptake test. The postdiffusion of oligo-peptide within an exponential growth multilayer can serve as an effective approach for localized and sustained peptide delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Zhi ZL, Haynie DT. Straightforward and Effective Protein Encapsulation in Polypeptide-based Artificial Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 34:189-203. [PMID: 16537174 DOI: 10.1080/10731190600581635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple and straightforward approach to encapsulating an enzyme and preserving its function in polypeptide-based artificial cells is demonstrated. A model enzyme, glucose oxidase (GOx), was encapsulated by repeated stepwise adsorption of poly(L-lysine) and poly(L-glutamic acid) onto GOx-coated CaCO3 templates. These polypeptides are known from previous research to exhibit nanometer-scale organization in multilayer films. Templates were dissolved by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) at neutral pH. Addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the polypeptide assembly solutions greatly increased enzyme retention on the templates, resulting in high-capacity, high-activity loading of the enzyme into artificial cells. Assay of enzyme activity showed that over 80 mg-mL(-1) GOx was retained in artificial cells after polypeptide multilayer film formation and template dissolution in the presence of PEG, but only one-fifth as much was retained in the absence of PEG. Encapsulation is a means of improving the availability of therapeutic macromolecules in biomedicine. This work therefore represents a means of developing polypeptide-based artificial cells for use as therapeutic biomacromolecule delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Liang Zhi
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Bionanosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Applied Physics Studies, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
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Zhang G, Liu M. Acidichromism and chiroptical switch based on the self-assembly of a cyanine dye on the PLGA/PAH LbL film. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b817782a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Itoh K, Tokumi S, Kimura T, Nagase A. Reinvestigation on the buildup mechanism of alternate multilayers consisting of poly(L-glutamic acid) and poly(L-, D-, and DL-lysines). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:13426-13433. [PMID: 18973312 DOI: 10.1021/la8015832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The buildup mechanism of polypeptide multilayers prepared by the layer-by-layer deposition of a polyanion (poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA)) and polycations (poly(L-lysine) (PLL), poly(D-lysine) (PDL), and copoly(DL-lysine)(PDLL)) was reinvestigated by using in situ ATR-IR spectroscopy. A difference spectral technique applied to analyze the spectra indicated that the deposition of both the PGA and PLL (PDL) layers accompanies the formation of secondary structures consisting mainly of the antiparallel pleated sheet (the beta-sheet) structure, and that the formation of the beta-sheet structure cannot always be explained in terms of polyanion/polycation complex formation or charge compensation between the polyanion and polycations, although it has been considered as a major process in the multilayer buildup process. Instead, the present paper proposes the following mechanism. During the deposition of the polyelectrolyte, a small amount of the beta-sheet structures are produced at the interface as a result of charge compensation between a polyelectrolyte and an oppositely charged polyelectrolyte in the multilayer. The beta-sheets act as nuclei from which further propagation of the structure takes place at the solution/multilayer interfaces. The driving force of the buildup process in the new mechanism is a kinetically favorable insolubilization of each polyelectrolyte in solution at the interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Itoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
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23
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Influence of assembling pH on the stability of poly(l-glutamic acid) and poly(l-lysine) multilayers against urea treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 62:250-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Revised: 09/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Zhang L, Haynie DT. Reversibility of Structural Changes of Polypeptides in Multilayer Nanofilms. Biomacromolecules 2007; 9:185-91. [DOI: 10.1021/bm700967k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Artificial Cell Technologies, Inc., 5 Science Park at Yale, Third Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, Department of Chemistry and Bionanosystems Engineering Laboratory, National Dendrimer and Nanotechnology Center, Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, Michigan 48859, and Center for Molecular Tissue Engineering and Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Donald T. Haynie
- Artificial Cell Technologies, Inc., 5 Science Park at Yale, Third Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, Department of Chemistry and Bionanosystems Engineering Laboratory, National Dendrimer and Nanotechnology Center, Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, Michigan 48859, and Center for Molecular Tissue Engineering and Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
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25
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Zhang L, Zhao W, Rudra JS, Haynie DT. Context dependence of the assembly, structure, and stability of polypeptide multilayer nanofilms. ACS NANO 2007; 1:476-486. [PMID: 19206669 DOI: 10.1021/nn700267g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer nanofilms and nanocomposites have shown considerable promise for the rational development of multifunctional materials with wide-ranging properties. Polypeptides are a distinctive and largely unexplored class of polyelectrolytes in this context. Methods now exist for the synthesis of peptides with control at the level of the amino acid sequence, and for the preparation of these polymers in massive quantities. Here, we analyze the roles of six designed 32mer peptides in the fabrication, structure, and stability of multilayer nanofilms prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly. The data show that amino acid sequence and the specific combination of anionic and cationic peptides together have a marked impact on nanofilm growth behavior, secondary structure content, and density in experimental studies. The same factors determine physical properties of the corresponding interpolypeptide complexes in molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Artificial Cell Technologies, Inc., 5 Science Park at Yale, Third Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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26
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Zhong Y, Whittington CF, Zhang L, Haynie DT. Controlled loading and release of a model drug from polypeptide multilayer nanofilms. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2007; 3:154-60. [PMID: 17572357 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2007.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2006] [Revised: 01/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A major concern of medicine today is the sustained release of therapeutic compounds. Delivery vehicles for such compounds must be biocompatible. Ideally, loading a drug into the delivery vehicle will be a simple process, and vehicle properties will allow control over the drug release profile under desired conditions. Here, polypeptide multilayer nanofilms have been prepared by electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly to study the post-fabrication loading and release of a model therapeutic, methylene blue (MB). Drug loading and release have been characterized by optical spectroscopy for different peptide designs at different pH values, and film surface morphology has been characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Differences in peptide structure have been found to influence MB loading and release under otherwise fixed conditions. Release is also influenced by pH, salt concentration, and number of "capping" layers. Although more research will be needed to exhaust the potential of polypeptide multilayer films, present results would suggest that the technology holds considerable promise for applications in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhong
- Center for Applied Physics Studies, College of Engineering and Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana, USA
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27
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Pradier CM, Humblot V, Stievano L, Méthivier C, Lambert JF. Salt concentration and pH-dependent adsorption of two polypeptides on planar and divided alumina surfaces. In situ IR investigations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:2463-71. [PMID: 17274633 DOI: 10.1021/la062208p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of proteins is the first process to take place when a solid is immersed in a biological fluid; though not yet thoroughly understood at a molecular level, this process is also known to be strongly influenced by the presence of salt in solution or by pH changes. In the present work, poly-L-glutamic acid (PG) and poly-L-lysine (PL) were selected to mimic the behavior of some protein fragments. Their adsorption was investigated by infrared spectroscopy in various modes, both on planar and on divided (powder) surfaces of aluminum oxide. These two peptides were shown to have different behaviors when adsorbed from solutions with or without CaCl2 and at various pH values. Polarization modulation-reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy, applied in a special cell designed to characterize the solid surface in contact with the liquid, enabled the observation of the influence of pH and salts upon polypeptide adsorption. At pH values higher than 5 and in the presence of CaCl2 in solution, a net increase of the PG adsorbed amount is observed, whereas no such effect could be detected for PL. Specific interactions between the COO- groups on the side chains and the surface, or between those of two different molecules, was inferred. Interestingly, similar conclusions could be drawn for the surface of alumina powders contacted with solutions of PG and PL and characterized by attenuated total reflectance IR. This work demonstrates the potential for IR investigations of solid oxide-liquid interfaces combining the study of planar and finely divided surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Pradier
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, CNRS UMR 7609, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, Case 178, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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28
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Cooper MA, Singleton VT. A survey of the 2001 to 2005 quartz crystal microbalance biosensor literature: applications of acoustic physics to the analysis of biomolecular interactions. J Mol Recognit 2007; 20:154-84. [PMID: 17582799 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The widespread exploitation of biosensors in the analysis of molecular recognition has its origins in the mid-1990s following the release of commercial systems based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). More recently, platforms based on piezoelectric acoustic sensors (principally 'bulk acoustic wave' (BAW), 'thickness shear mode' (TSM) sensors or 'quartz crystal microbalances' (QCM)), have been released that are driving the publication of a large number of papers analysing binding specificities, affinities, kinetics and conformational changes associated with a molecular recognition event. This article highlights salient theoretical and practical aspects of the technologies that underpin acoustic analysis, then reviews exemplary papers in key application areas involving small molecular weight ligands, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, viruses, bacteria, cells and lipidic and polymeric interfaces. Key differentiators between optical and acoustic sensing modalities are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Cooper
- Akubio Ltd., 181 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, United Kingdom, UK.
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29
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Palath N, Bhad S, Montazeri R, Guidry CA, Haynie DT. Polypeptide multilayer nanofilm artificial red blood cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 81:261-8. [PMID: 16969824 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reliable encapsulation of hemoglobin (Hb) within polypeptide multilayer nanofilms has been achieved by a template-based approach, and protein functionality has been demonstrated postencapsulation. The method is general in scope and could be useful for many other encapsulants. Met-Hb was adsorbed onto 5 microm-diameter CaCO3 microparticles, and the Hb-coated particles were encapsulated within a multilayer nanofilm of poly(L-glutamic acid) (PLGA) and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) by layer-by-layer assembly. The CaCO3 templates were then dissolved within the PLGA/PLL nanofilms by addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Encapsulation of Hb was proved by fluorescence microscopy, the pH-dependence of retention of Hb was determined by visible wavelength absorbance, and conversion of the encapsulated met-Hb to deoxy-Hb and oxy-Hb was demonstrated by spectroscopic analysis of the Soret absorption peak under various conditions. It thus has been shown that control of Hb oxygenation within polypeptide multilayer nanofilm artificial cells is possible, and that Hb thus encapsulated can bind, release, and subsequently rebind molecular oxygen. This work therefore represents an advance in the development of polypeptide multilayer film artificial red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Palath
- Artificial Cell Technologies Incorporated, 5 Science Park, Suite 13, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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30
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Zhong Y, Whittington CF, Haynie DT. Stimulated release of small molecules from polyelectrolyte multilayer nanocoatings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:1415-7. [PMID: 17389977 DOI: 10.1039/b615699a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Free thiol-containing polyelectrolytes serve simultaneously as a material for self-assembly of a multilayer nanocoating and as a carrier of small molecules for release from the coating in response to an environmental cue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhong
- Artificial Cell Technologies, Inc., 5 Science Park, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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31
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Abstract
Polypeptide multilayer films are promising for the development of coatings for implant devices, biosensors, and artificial cells. This paper discusses aspects of the physics of these films. Three sub-topics in the physics of peptide adsorption in multilayer film assembly covered here are peptide structure at the film/solid support interface, adsorbed layer thickness, and dynamics of peptide adsorption. A synopsis of work in these areas is preceded by an introduction to the subject and a review of some aspects of polymer theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald T Haynie
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Bionanosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Applied Physics Studies, Louisiana Tech University, P.O. Box 10348, Ruston, 71272, USA.
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32
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Schoeler B, Delorme N, Doench I, Sukhorukov GB, Fery A, Glinel K. Polyelectrolyte Films Based on Polysaccharides of Different Conformations: Effects on Multilayer Structure and Mechanical Properties. Biomacromolecules 2006; 7:2065-71. [PMID: 16768435 DOI: 10.1021/bm060378a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrathin films were prepared with cationic poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and two anionic polysaccharides, iota- and lambda-carrageenan, of similar chemical composition but different conformations using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The study of aqueous solutions of carrageenans confirms that iota-carrageenan is at room temperature in helical conformation while lambda-carrageenan is in random coil conformation. Characterization of the multilayers by ellipsometry, circular dichroism, and AFM revealed that iota-carrageenan keeps its helical conformation within the films while lambda-carrageenan chains are in random coil conformation. Investigation of the mechanical properties of the films by performing nanoindentation experiments using force spectroscopy showed clear differences between the two films based on carrageenans of different conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Schoeler
- UMR 6522, Polymères, Biopolymères, Membranes, CNRS - Université de Rouen, Bd Maurice de Broglie, F-76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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33
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Haynie DT, Zhang L, Rudra JS, Zhao W, Zhong Y, Palath N. Polypeptide multilayer films. Biomacromolecules 2006; 6:2895-913. [PMID: 16283705 DOI: 10.1021/bm050525p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Research on polypeptide multilayer films, coatings, and microcapsules is located at the intersection of several disciplines: synthetic polymer chemistry and physics, biomaterials science, and nanoscale engineering. The past few years have witnessed considerable growth in each of these areas. Unexplored territory has been found at the borders, and new possibilities for technology development are taking form from technological advances in polypeptide production, sequencing of the human genome, and the nature of peptides themselves. Most envisioned applications of polypeptide multilayers have a biomedical bent. Prospects seem no less positive, however, in fields ranging from food technology to environmental science. This review of the present state of polypeptide multilayer film research covers key points of polypeptides as materials, means of polymer production and film preparation, film characterization methods, focal points of current research in basic science, and the outlook for a few specific applications. In addition, it discusses how the study of polypeptide multilayer films could help to clarify the physical basis of assembly and stability of polyelectrolyte multilayers, and mention is made of similarities to protein folding studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald T Haynie
- Bionanosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Applied Physics Studies, College of Engineering & Science, Louisiana Tech University, PO Box 10348, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA.
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34
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Zhi ZL, Haynie DT. High-capacity functional protein encapsulation in nanoengineered polypeptide microcapsules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:147-9. [PMID: 16372087 DOI: 10.1039/b511353a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Addition of polyethylene glycol to aqueous assembly solutions of oppositely charged polypeptides enables high-capacity "loading" of functional protein in biocompatible microcapsules by template-supported layer-by-layer nanoassembly.
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35
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Haynie DT, Palath N, Liu Y, Li B, Pargaonkar N. Biomimetic nanostructured materials: inherent reversible stabilization of polypeptide microcapsules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:1136-1138. [PMID: 15667201 DOI: 10.1021/la047833d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald T Haynie
- Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Applied Physics Studies, Louisiana Tech University, P.O. Box 10348, Ruston, LA 71272, USA.
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