1
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Sgouros AP, Theodorou DN. Development of a Meshless Kernel-Based Scheme for Particle-Field Brownian Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6907-6921. [PMID: 38984836 PMCID: PMC11264276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
We develop a meshless discretization scheme for particle-field Brownian dynamics simulations. The density is assigned on the particle level using a weighting kernel with finite support. The system's free energy density is derived from an equation of state (EoS) and includes a square gradient term. The numerical stability of the scheme is evaluated in terms of reproducing the thermodynamics (equilibrium density and compressibility) and dynamics (diffusion coefficient) of homogeneous samples. Using a reduced description to simplify our analysis, we find that numerical stability depends strictly on reduced reference compressibility, kernel range, time step in relation to the friction factor, and reduced external pressure, the latter being relevant under isobaric conditions. Appropriate parametrization yields precise thermodynamics, further improved through a simple renormalization protocol. The dynamics can be restored exactly through a trivial manipulation of the time step and friction coefficient. A semiempirical formula for the upper bound on the time step is derived, which takes into account variations in compressibility, friction factor, and kernel range. We test the scheme on realistic mesoscopic models of fluids, involving both simple (Helfand) and more sophisticated (Sanchez-Lacombe) equations of state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristotelis P. Sgouros
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Doros N. Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
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2
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Blagojevic N, Müller M. Simulation of Membrane Fabrication via Solvent Evaporation and Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:57913-57927. [PMID: 37222486 PMCID: PMC10739593 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymer membranes offer a bottom-up approach to form isoporous membranes that are useful for ultrafiltration of functional macromolecules, colloids, and water purification. The fabrication of isoporous block copolymer membranes from a mixed film of an asymmetric block copolymer and two solvents involves two stages: First, the volatile solvent evaporates, creating a polymer skin, in which the block copolymer self-assembles into a top layer, comprised of perpendicularly oriented cylinders, via evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA). This top layer imparts selectivity onto the membrane. Subsequently, the film is brought into contact with a nonsolvent, and the exchange between the remaining nonvolatile solvent and nonsolvent through the self-assembled top layer results in nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS). Thereby, a macroporous support for the functional top layer that imparts mechanical stability onto the system without significantly affecting permeability is fabricated. We use a single, particle-based simulation technique to investigate the sequence of both processes, EISA and NIPS. The simulations identify a process window, which allows for the successful in silico fabrication of integral-asymmetric, isoporous diblock copolymer membranes, and provide direct insights into the spatiotemporal structure formation and arrest. The role of the different thermodynamic (e.g., solvent selectivity for the block copolymer components) and kinetic (e.g., plasticizing effect of the solvent) characteristics is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Blagojevic
- Institute for Theoretical
Physics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institute for Theoretical
Physics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Bhat B, Pahari S, Kwon JSI, Akbulut MES. Stimuli-responsive viscosity modifiers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:103025. [PMID: 37871381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive viscosity modifiers entail an important class of materials which allow for smart material formation utilizing various stimuli for switching such as pH, temperature, light and salinity. They have seen applications in the biomedical space including tissue engineering and drug delivery, wherein stimuli responsive hydrogels and polymeric vessels have been extensively applied. Applications have also been seen in other domains like the energy sector and automobile industry, in technologies such as enhanced oil recovery. The chemistry and microstructural arrangements of the aqueous morphologies of dissolved materials are usually sensitive to the aforementioned stimuli which subsequently results in rheological sensitivity as well. Herein, we overview different structures capable of viscosity modification as well as go over the rheological theory associated with classical systems studied in literature. A detailed analysis allows us to explore correlations between commonly discussed models such as molecular packing parameter, tube reptation and stress relaxation with structural and rheological changes. We then present five primary mechanisms corresponding to stimuli responsive viscosity modification: (i) packing parameter modification via functional group conditioning and (ii) via dynamic bond formation, (iii) mesh formation by interlinking of network nodes, (iv) viscosity modification by chain conformation changes and (v) viscosity modification by particle jamming. We also overview several recent examples from literature that employ the concepts discussed to create novel classes of intriguing stimuli responsive structures and their corresponding rheological properties. Furthermore, we also explore systems that are responsive to multiple stimuli which can provide enhanced functionality and versatility by providing multi-level and precise actuation. Such systems have been used for programmed site-specific drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Bhat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Silabrata Pahari
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mustafa E S Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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4
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Yamamoto T, Kinoshita K, Hirano T. Elasticity control of entangled chromosomes: Crosstalk between condensin complexes and nucleosomes. Biophys J 2023; 122:3869-3881. [PMID: 37571823 PMCID: PMC10560673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Condensin-mediated loop extrusion is now considered as the main driving force of mitotic chromosome assembly. Recent experiments have shown, however, that a class of mutant condensin complexes deficient in loop extrusion can assemble chromosome-like structures in Xenopus egg extracts, although these structures are somewhat different from those assembled by wild-type condensin complexes. In the absence of topoisomerase II (topo II), the mutant condensin complexes produce an unusual round-shaped structure termed a bean, which consists of a DNA-dense central core surrounded by a DNA-sparse halo. The mutant condensin complexes accumulate in the core, whereas histones are more concentrated in the halo than in the core. We consider that this peculiar structure serves as a model system to study how DNA entanglements, nucleosomes, and condensin functionally crosstalk with each other. To gain insight into how the bean structure is formed, here we construct a theoretical model. Our theory predicts that the core is formed by attractive interactions between mutant condensin complexes, whereas the halo is stabilized by the energy reduction through the selective accumulation of nucleosomes. The formation of the halo increases the elastic free energy due to the DNA entanglement in the core, but the latter free energy is compensated by condensin complexes that suppress the assembly of nucleosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | | | - Tatsuya Hirano
- Chromosome Dynamics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
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5
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Chen D, Panyukov S, Sapir L, Rubinstein M. Elasticity of Slide-Ring Gels. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:362-368. [PMID: 36826840 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Slide-ring gels are polymer networks with cross-links that can slide along the chains. In contrast to conventional unentangled networks with cross-links fixed along the chains, the slide-ring networks are strain-softening and distribute tension much more uniformly between their strands due to the so-called "pulley effect". The sliding of cross-links also reduces the elastic modulus in comparison with the modulus of conventional networks with the same number density of cross-links and elastic strands. We develop a single-chain model to account for the redistribution of monomers between network strands of a primary chain. This model takes into account both the pulley effect and fluctuations in the number of monomers per network strand. The pulley effect leads to modulus reduction and uniform tension redistribution between network strands, while fluctuations in the number of strand monomers dominate the strain-softening, the magnitude of which decreases upon network swelling and increases upon deswelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Chen
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- NSF Center for the Chemistry of Molecularly Optimized Networks, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sergey Panyukov
- P.N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117924, Russia
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Liel Sapir
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- NSF Center for the Chemistry of Molecularly Optimized Networks, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Michael Rubinstein
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- NSF Center for the Chemistry of Molecularly Optimized Networks, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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6
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Tejedor AR, Carracedo R, Ramírez J. Molecular dynamics simulations of active entangled polymers reptating through a passive mesh. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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7
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Schmid F. Understanding and Modeling Polymers: The Challenge of Multiple Scales. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Schmid
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128Mainz, Germany
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8
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Hollborn KU, Schneider L, Müller M. Effect of Slip-Spring Parameters on the Dynamics and Rheology of Soft, Coarse-Grained Polymer Models. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:6725-6739. [PMID: 36037428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Highly coarse-grained (hCG) linear polymer models allow for accessing long time and length scales by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). This top-down strategy exploits the universal equilibrium behavior of long, flexible macromolecules by accounting only for the relevant interactions, such as molecular connectivity, and by parametrizing their strength via coarse-grained invariants, such as the mean-squared end-to-end distance. The description of the dynamics of long, entangled polymers, however, poses a challenge because (i) the noncrossability of the molecular backbones is not enforced by the soft interactions of an hCG model and (ii) the rheology involves multiple time and length scales, such as the Rouse-like dynamics on short scales and the reptation dynamics on long scales. One popular technique to effectively mimic the effect of entanglements in linear polymer melts via hCG models is slip-springs, and quantitative agreement with simulations that explicitly account for the noncrossability of molecular contours, experiments, and theoretical predictions has been achieved by identifying the time, length, and energy scales of the hCG model and adjusting the number of slip-springs per macromolecule. In the present work, we study how the spatial extent and the mobility of slip-springs affect the dynamics and discuss their implications in the choice of the degree of coarse-graining in computationally efficient hCG models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Uwe Hollborn
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ludwig Schneider
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Shen Z, Carrillo JMY, Sumpter BG, Wang Y. Decoding polymer self-dynamics using a two-step approach. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:014502. [PMID: 35974619 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.014502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The self-correlation function and corresponding self-intermediate scattering function in Fourier space are important quantities for describing the molecular motions of liquids. This work draws attention to a largely overlooked issue concerning the analysis of these space-time density-density correlation functions of polymers. We show that the interpretation of non-Gaussian behavior of polymers is generally complicated by intrachain averaging of distinct self-dynamics of different segments. By the very nature of the mathematics involved, the averaging process not only conceals critical dynamical information, but also contributes to the observed non-Gaussian dynamics. To fully expose this issue and provide a thorough benchmark of polymer self-dynamics, we perform analyses of coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of linear and ring polymer melts as well as several theoretical models using a "two-step" approach, where interchain and intrachain averagings of segmental self-dynamics are separated. While past investigations primarily focused on the average behavior, our results indicate that a more nuanced approach to polymer self-dynamics is clearly required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Shen
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jan-Michael Y Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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10
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Wu Z, Müller-Plathe F. Slip-Spring Hybrid Particle-Field Molecular Dynamics for Coarse-Graining Branched Polymer Melts: Polystyrene Melts as an Example. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3814-3828. [PMID: 35617016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The topology of chains significantly modifies the dynamical properties of polymer melts. Here, we extend a recently developed efficient simulation method, namely the slip-spring hybrid particle-field (SS-hPF) model, to study the structural and dynamical properties of branched polymer melts over large spatial-temporal scales. In the coarse-grained SS-hPF simulation of polymers, the bonded potentials are derived by iterative Boltzmann inversion from the underlying fine-grained model. The nonbonded potentials are computed from a density functional field instead of pairwise interactions used in standard molecular dynamics simulations, which increases the computational efficiency by a factor of 10-20. The entangled dynamics is lost due to the soft-core nature of density functional field interactions. It is recovered by a multichain slip-spring model that is rigorously parametrized from existing experimental or simulation data. To quantitatively predict the relaxation and diffusion of branched polymers, which are dominated by arm retraction rather than chain reptation, the slip-spring algorithm is augmented to improve the polymer dynamics near the branch point. Multiple dynamical observables, e.g., diffusion coefficients, arm relaxations, and tube survival probabilities, are characterized in an example coarse-grained model of symmetric and asymmetric star-shaped polystyrene melts. Consistent dynamical behaviors are identified and compared with theoretical predictions. With a single rescaling factor, the prediction of diffusion coefficients agrees well with the available experimental measurements. In this work, an efficient approach is provided to build chemistry-specific coarse-grained models for predicting the dynamics of branched polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Wu
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Müller-Plathe
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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11
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Alberti SAN, Schneider J, Müller-Plathe F. Mobility of Polymer Melts in a Regular Array of Carbon Nanotubes. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3285-3295. [PMID: 35616542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In polymer nanocomposites, mechanical properties essentially depend on the alignment of nanoparticles and polymers. In this work, we investigate an entangled polymer melt in a confinement computationally, in order to get an insight into the mobility behavior of the polymer chains. The confinement consists of nanotubes, arranged in a hexagonal array. We use dissipative particle dynamics, a fast, soft-core simulation method, and reintroduce entanglement dynamics via slip-springs. We observe a distinct influence of the confinement as diffusion is increased in the direction parallel to the nanotubes. Furthermore, we observe that an orientation of the polymers parallel to the nanotubes and chains are compressed in the direction orthogonal to their primitive path. The diffusion parallel to the nanotubes increases further as we increase the nanotube volume fraction in our systems. Moreover, we investigate the slip-spring distribution in the proximity of the nanotube surfaces of our fast and simple slip-spring model, which we find to coincide with results reported for more sophisticated and expensive methods. Our DPD model shows potential applicability to a wide range of polymer nanocomposites while preserving reptation behavior, which is typically lost due to the use of soft-core models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon A N Alberti
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jurek Schneider
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Müller-Plathe
- Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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12
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Liang H, Yoshimoto K, Gil P, Kitabata M, Yamamoto U, de Pablo JJ. Bottom-Up Multiscale Approach to Estimate Viscoelastic Properties of Entangled Polymer Melts with High Glass Transition Temperature. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heyi Liang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kenji Yoshimoto
- Toray Industries Inc., 3-2-1 Sonoyama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0842, Japan
| | - Phwey Gil
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | | | - Umi Yamamoto
- Toray Industries Inc., 3-2-1 Sonoyama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0842, Japan
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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13
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Uneyama T. Application of projection operator method to coarse-grained dynamics with transient potential. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:044117. [PMID: 35590667 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.044117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We show that the coarse-grained dynamics model with the time-dependent and fluctuating potential (transient potential) can be derived from the microscopic Hamiltonian dynamics. The concept of the transient potential was first introduced rather phenomenologically, and its relation to the underlying microscopic dynamics has not been clarified yet. This is in contrast to the generalized Langevin equation, the relation of which to the microscopic dynamics is well-established. In this work, we show that the dynamic equations with the transient potential can be derived for the coupled oscillator model, without any approximations. It is known that the dynamics of the coupled oscillator model can be exactly described by the generalized Langevin-type equations. This fact implies that the dynamic equations with the transient potential can be utilized as a coarse-grained dynamics model in a similar way to the generalized Langevin equation. Then we show that the dynamic equations for the transient potential can also be formally derived for the microscopic Hamiltonian dynamics, without any approximations. We use the projection operator method for the coarse-grained variables and transient potential. The dynamic equations for the coarse-grained positions and momenta are similar to those in the Hamiltonian dynamics, but the interaction potential is replaced by the transient potential. The dynamic equation for the transient potential is the generalized Langevin equation with the memory effect. Our result justifies the use of the transient potential to describe the coarse-grained dynamics. We propose several approximations to obtain the simplified dynamics model. We show that, under several approximations, the dynamic equation for the transient potential reduces to the relatively simple Markovian dynamic equation for the potential parameters. We also show that with several additional approximations, the approximate dynamics model further reduces to the Markovian Langevin-type equations with the transient potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Uneyama
- JST-PRESTO, and Department of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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14
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Masubuchi Y, Doi Y, Uneyama T. Effects of Slip-Spring Parameters and Rouse Bead Density on Polymer Dynamics in Multichain Slip-Spring Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:2930-2941. [PMID: 35298156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The multichain slip-spring (MCSS) model is one of the coarse-grained models of polymers developed in the niche between bead-spring models and tube type descriptions. In this model, polymers are represented by Rouse chains connected by virtual springs that temporally connect the chains, hop along the chain, and are constructed and annihilated at the chain ends. Earlier studies have shown that MCSS simulations can nicely reproduce entangled and unentangled polymer dynamics. However, the model parameters have been chosen arbitrarily, and their effects have not been reported. In this study, for the first time, we systematically investigated the effects of model parameters: fugacity of virtual springs, its intensity, and the Rouse bead density. We validated the employed simulation code by confirming that the statistics of the system follow the theoretical setup. Namely, the virtual spring density is correctly controlled, and polymer chains exhibit ideal chain statistics irrespective of the chosen parameter values. For diffusion and linear viscoelasticity, simulation results obtained for different parameters can be superposed with each other by conversion factors for the bead number per chain and units of length, time, and modulus. These conversion factors follow scaling laws concerning the number of Rouse segments between two consecutive anchoring points of virtual springs along the polymer chain. Besides, diffusion and viscoelasticity excellently agree with literature data for the standard bead-spring simulation. These results imply that the coarse-graining level for the MCSS model can be arbitrarily chosen and controlled by model parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Masubuchi
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648603, Japan
| | - Yuya Doi
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648603, Japan
| | - Takashi Uneyama
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648603, Japan
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15
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Zhang ZH, Andreassen BJ, August DP, Leigh DA, Zhang L. Molecular weaving. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:275-283. [PMID: 35115722 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01179-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the interlacing of strands at the molecular level has mainly been limited to coordination polymers and DNA. Despite being proposed on a number of occasions, the direct, bottom-up assembly of molecular building blocks into woven organic polymers remained an aspirational, but elusive, target for several decades. However, recent successes in two-dimensional and three-dimensional molecular-level weaving now offer new opportunities and research directions at the interface of polymer science and molecular nanotopology. This Perspective provides an overview of the features and potential of the periodic nanoscale weaving of polymer chains, distinguishing it from randomly entangled polymer networks and rigid crystalline frameworks. We review the background and experimental progress so far, and conclude by considering the potential of molecular weaving and outline some of the current and future challenges in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - David P August
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David A Leigh
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Müller M. Memory in the relaxation of a polymer density modulation. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:124902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0084602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Müller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg August University Gottingen Faculty of Physics, Germany
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17
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Pahari S, Bhadriraju B, Akbulut M, Kwon JSI. A slip-spring framework to study relaxation dynamics of entangled wormlike micelles with kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 600:550-560. [PMID: 34062344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Wormlike micelles (WLMs) formed due to the self-assembly of amphiphiles in aqueous solution have similar viscoelastic properties as polymers. Owing to this similarity, in this work, it is postulated that kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) sampling of slip-springs dynamics, which is able to model the rheology of polymers, can also be extended to capture the relaxation dynamics of WLMs. THEORY The proposed modeling framework considers the following relaxation mechanisms: reptation, union-scission, and constraint release. Specifically, each of these relaxation mechanisms is simulated as separate kMC events that capture the relaxation dynamics while considering the living nature of WLMs within the slip-spring framework. As a case study, the model is implemented to a system of sodium oleate and sodium chloride to predict the linear rheology and the characteristic relaxation times associated with the individual relaxation mechanisms at different pH and salt concentrations. FINDINGS Linear rheology predictions were found to be in good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, the calculated relaxation times highlighted that reptation contributed to a continuous increase in viscosity while union-scission contributed to the decrease in viscosity of WLM solutions at a higher salinity and pH. This manifests the proposed model's capability to provide insights into the key processes governing WLM's rheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silabrata Pahari
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A& M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA; Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Bhavana Bhadriraju
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A& M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA; Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Mustafa Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A& M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A& M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA; Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
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18
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Dhamankar S, Webb MA. Chemically specific coarse‐graining of polymers: Methods and prospects. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyen Dhamankar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - Michael A. Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
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19
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Ma J, Carrillo JMY, Do C, Chen WR, Falus P, Shen Z, Hong K, Sumpter BG, Wang Y. Spatial correlations of entangled polymer dynamics. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:024503. [PMID: 34525580 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.024503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The spatial correlations of entangled polymer dynamics are examined by molecular dynamics simulations and neutron spin-echo spectroscopy. Due to the soft nature of topological constraints, the initial spatial decays of intermediate scattering functions of entangled chains are, to the first approximation, surprisingly similar to those of an unentangled system in the functional forms. However, entanglements reveal themselves as a long tail in the reciprocal-space correlations, implying a weak but persistent dynamic localization in real space. Comparison with a number of existing theoretical models of entangled polymers suggests that they cannot fully describe the spatial correlations revealed by simulations and experiments. In particular, the strict one-dimensional diffusion idea of the original tube model is shown to be flawed. The dynamic spatial correlation analysis demonstrated in this work provides a useful tool for interrogating the dynamics of entangled polymers. Lastly, the failure of the investigated models to even qualitatively predict the spatial correlations of collective single-chain density fluctuations points to a possible critical role of incompressibility in polymer melt dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Ma
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jan-Michael Y Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Changwoo Do
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Wei-Ren Chen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Péter Falus
- Institut Laue-Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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20
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Li W, Jana PK, Behbahani AF, Kritikos G, Schneider L, Polińska P, Burkhart C, Harmandaris VA, Müller M, Doxastakis M. Dynamics of Long Entangled Polyisoprene Melts via Multiscale Modeling. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Pritam K. Jana
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alireza F. Behbahani
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
| | - Georgios Kritikos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ludwig Schneider
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Craig Burkhart
- The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio 44305, United States
| | - Vagelis A. Harmandaris
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manolis Doxastakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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21
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Rheological Properties of Lamellae‐Forming Diblock Copolymers. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Schneider J, Fleck F, Karimi-Varzaneh HA, Müller-Plathe F. Simulation of Elastomers by Slip-Spring Dissipative Particle Dynamics. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jurek Schneider
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Frank Fleck
- Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Florian Müller-Plathe
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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23
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Wu Z, Alberti SAN, Schneider J, Müller-Plathe F. Knotting behaviour of polymer chains in the melt state for soft-core models with and without slip-springs. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:244001. [PMID: 33725671 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abef25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We analyse the knotting behaviour of linear polymer melts in two types of soft-core models, namely dissipative-particle dynamics and hybrid-particle-field models, as well as their variants with slip-springs which are added to recover entangled polymer dynamics. The probability to form knots is found drastically higher in the hybrid-particle-field model compared to its parent hard-core molecular dynamics model. By comparing the knottedness in dissipative-particle dynamics and hybrid-particle-field models with and without slip-springs, we find the impact of slip-springs on the knotting properties to be negligible. As a dynamic property, we measure the characteristic time of knot formation and destruction, and find it to be (i) of the same order as single-monomer motion and (ii) independent of the chain length in all soft-core models. Knots are therefore formed and destroyed predominantly by the unphysical chain crossing. This work demonstrates that the addition of slip-springs does not alter the knotting behaviour, and it provides a general understanding of knotted structures in these two soft-core models of polymer melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Wu
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Simon A N Alberti
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jurek Schneider
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Müller-Plathe
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and Profile Area Thermofluids and Interfaces, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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24
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Shear-induced transitions in colloidal and polymeric liquids. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 290:102381. [PMID: 33640686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review reflects different aspects of wide current studies of the phenomena related to the shear-induced structure transformation in various complex liquids. Experimental data, being the basis of this discussion, were obtained for polymeric liquids (melts, blends, solutions) and different dispersions (colloidal solutions, suspensions, emulsions). The general initial input of shearing is the creation of inhomogeneities which can continue to remain as separate domains, become the nuclei of new phases, or become diffuse, leading to phase separation. The following effects are discussed: diffusion-induced phase separation, phase transitions occurring mainly due to the deformation-driven orientation of polymer chains and worm-like micelles that results in the formation of a liquid-crystal state, as well as self-assembly effects. It can be stressed that the appearance of regular structures takes place in systems that can coexist in different concentrations or phase states at the same stress or shear rate. This is linked with the existence of two-value points on flow curves (part of a flow curve with negative slope) or transient regimes of deformation that lead to instability of the flow. The described experimental facts are briefly discussed on the basis of the application of different constitutive molecular or phenomenological rheological models.
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25
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Steenbakkers RJA, Andreev M, Schieber JD. Thermodynamically consistent incorporation of entanglement spatial fluctuations in the slip-link model. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:022501. [PMID: 33736108 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.022501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate the thermodynamic consistency of the anisotropic mobile slip-link model for entangled flexible polymers. The level of description is that of a single chain, whose interactions with other chains are coarse grained to discrete entanglements. The dynamics of the model consist of the motion of entanglements through space and of the chain through the entanglements, as well as the creation and destruction of entanglements, which are implemented in a mean-field way. Entanglements are modeled as discrete slip links, whose spatial positions are confined by quadratic potentials. The confinement potentials move with the macroscopic velocity field, hence the entanglements fluctuate around purely affine motion. We allow for anisotropy of these fluctuations, described by a set of shape tensors. By casting the model in the form of the general equation for the nonequilibrium reversible-irreversible coupling from nonequilibrium thermodynamics, we show that (i) since the confinement potentials contribute to the chain free energy, they must also contribute to the stress tensor, (ii) these stress contributions are of two kinds: one related to the virtual springs connecting the slip links to the centers of the confinement potentials and the other related to the shape tensors, and (iii) these two kinds of stress contributions cancel each other if the confinement potentials become anisotropic in flow, according to a lower-convected evolution of the confinement strength or, equivalently, an upper-convected evolution of the shape tensors of the entanglement spatial fluctuations. In previous publications, we have shown that this cancellation is necessary for the model to obey the stress-optical rule and the Green-Kubo relation, and simultaneously to agree with plateau modulus predictions of multichain models and simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudi J A Steenbakkers
- Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Marat Andreev
- Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA.,Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Jay D Schieber
- Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA.,Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 West 32nd Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
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26
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Behbahani AF, Schneider L, Rissanou A, Chazirakis A, Bačová P, Jana PK, Li W, Doxastakis M, Polińska P, Burkhart C, Müller M, Harmandaris VA. Dynamics and Rheology of Polymer Melts via Hierarchical Atomistic, Coarse-Grained, and Slip-Spring Simulations. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza F. Behbahani
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
| | - Ludwig Schneider
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University Göttingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Anastassia Rissanou
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
| | - Anthony Chazirakis
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
| | - Petra Bačová
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
| | - Pritam Kumar Jana
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University Göttingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Manolis Doxastakis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | | | - Craig Burkhart
- The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, 142 Goodyear Blvd., Akron, Ohio 44305, United States
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University Göttingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Vagelis A. Harmandaris
- Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, Heraklion GR-71110, Greece
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus
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27
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Uneyama T, Masubuchi Y. Plateau Moduli of Several Single-Chain Slip-Link and Slip-Spring Models. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Uneyama
- Center for Computational Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuichi Masubuchi
- Center for Computational Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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28
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Goujon F, Martzel N, Dequidt A, Latour B, Garruchet S, Devémy J, Blaak R, Munch É, Malfreyt P. Backbone oriented anisotropic coarse grains for efficient simulations of polymers. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:214901. [PMID: 33291912 DOI: 10.1063/5.0019945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that anisotropic particles have been introduced to describe molecular interactions for decades, they have been poorly used for polymers because of their computing time overhead and the absence of a relevant proof of their impact in this field. We first report a method using anisotropic beads for polymers, which solves the computing time issue by considering that beads keep their principal orientation alongside the mean local backbone vector of the polymer chain, avoiding the computation of torques during the dynamics. Applying this method to a polymer bulk, we study the effect of anisotropic interactions vs isotropic ones for various properties such as density, pressure, topology of the chain network, local structure, and orientational order. We show that for different classes of potentials traditionally used in molecular simulations, those backbone oriented anisotropic beads can solve numerous issues usually encountered with isotropic interactions. We conclude that the use of backbone oriented anisotropic beads is a promising approach for the development of realistic coarse-grained potentials for polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Goujon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Martzel
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin, Site de Ladoux, 23 Place des Carmes Déchaux, France Cedex 9, 63040 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alain Dequidt
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Benoit Latour
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin, Site de Ladoux, 23 Place des Carmes Déchaux, France Cedex 9, 63040 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sébastien Garruchet
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin, Site de Ladoux, 23 Place des Carmes Déchaux, France Cedex 9, 63040 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Devémy
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ronald Blaak
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Étienne Munch
- Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin, Site de Ladoux, 23 Place des Carmes Déchaux, France Cedex 9, 63040 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Patrice Malfreyt
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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29
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Wu Z, Kalogirou A, De Nicola A, Milano G, Müller‐Plathe F. Atomistic hybrid
particle‐field
molecular dynamics combined with
slip‐springs
: Restoring entangled dynamics to simulations of polymer melts. J Comput Chem 2020; 42:6-18. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Wu
- Eduard‐Zintl‐Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany
| | - Andreas Kalogirou
- Eduard‐Zintl‐Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany
| | - Antonio De Nicola
- Department of Organic Materials Science Yamagata University Yamagata‐ken Japan
| | - Giuseppe Milano
- Department of Organic Materials Science Yamagata University Yamagata‐ken Japan
| | - Florian Müller‐Plathe
- Eduard‐Zintl‐Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany
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30
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Shanbhag S, Wang Z. Molecular Simulation of Tracer Diffusion and Self-Diffusion in Entangled Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Shanbhag
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
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31
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Villani V, Lavallata V. Entanglement Locking in the Unique Elasticity of Polydimethylsiloxane Rubbers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Villani
- Dipartimento di ScienzeCampus Macchia RomanaUniversità degli Studi della Basilicata Potenza 85100 Italy
| | - Vito Lavallata
- Dipartimento di ScienzeCampus Macchia RomanaUniversità degli Studi della Basilicata Potenza 85100 Italy
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32
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Tejedor AR, Ramírez J. Dynamics of entangled polymers subjected to reptation and drift. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:3154-3168. [PMID: 32159579 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00056f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work we formulate a model to study the dynamical response of entangled polymers subjected to a constant drift. The drift may originate from an internal activity that acts along the primitive path of the tube. Here, we expand our previous work (A. R. Tejedor and J. Ramirez, Macromolecules, 2019, 52, 8788-8792) and solve analytically the most significant observables of the theory, providing explicit results to observables not considered previously, such as the tangent-tangent correlation function and the dynamic structure factor. These analytical results are compared and verified by means of Brownian dynamics simulations of the tube model. Interestingly, while the mean squared displacement of the chain segments is always subdiffusive, the center of mass shows a superdiffusive regime when the magnitude of the drift is significant. We provide scaling arguments to explain this phenomenon. We also consider the effect of contour-length fluctuations and describe two different approaches to introduce a drift using active particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés R Tejedor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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33
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Rauscher PM, Schweizer KS, Rowan SJ, de Pablo JJ. Thermodynamics and Structure of Poly[n]catenane Melts. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M. Rauscher
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kenneth S. Schweizer
- Department of Materials Science, University of Illinois, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3028, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3028, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3028, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3028, United States
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5747 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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34
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Nafar Sefiddashti MH, Boudaghi-Khajehnobar M, Edwards BJ, Khomami B. High-fidelity scaling relationships for determining dissipative particle dynamics parameters from atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of polymeric liquids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4458. [PMID: 32157144 PMCID: PMC7064535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
An optimized Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) model with simple scaling rules was developed for simulating entangled linear polyethylene melts. The scaling method, which can be used for mapping dimensionless (reduced units) DPD simulation data to physical units, was based on scaling factors for three fundamental physical units; namely, length, time, and viscosity. The scaling factors were obtained as ratios of equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation data in physical units and equivalent DPD simulation data for relevant quantities. Specifically, the time scaling factor was determined as the ratio of longest relaxation times, the length scaling factor was obtained as the ratio of the equilibrium end-to-end distances, and the viscosity scaling factor was calculated as the ratio of zero-shear viscosities, each as obtained from the MD (in physical units) and DPD (reduced units) simulations. The scaling method was verified for three MD/DPD model liquid pairs under several different nonequilibrium conditions, including transient and steady-state simple shear and planar elongational flows. Comparison of the MD simulation results with those of the scaled DPD simulations revealed that the optimized DPD model, expressed in terms of the proposed scaling method, successfully reproduced the computationally expensive MD results using relatively cheaper DPD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Nafar Sefiddashti
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA
| | - M Boudaghi-Khajehnobar
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA
| | - B J Edwards
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA.
| | - B Khomami
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA.
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35
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Everaers R, Karimi-Varzaneh HA, Fleck F, Hojdis N, Svaneborg C. Kremer–Grest Models for Commodity Polymer Melts: Linking Theory, Experiment, and Simulation at the Kuhn Scale. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Everaers
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique and Centre Blaise Pascal de l’ENS de Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | | | - Frank Fleck
- Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH, Jädekamp 30, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Hojdis
- Institute of Applied Polymer Chemistry, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Heinrich-Mussmann-Str.1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Carsten Svaneborg
- University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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36
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Ma T, Lin G, Tan H. Slip-spring simulations of different constraint release environments for linear polymer chains. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191046. [PMID: 32269780 PMCID: PMC7137961 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The constraint release (CR) mechanism has important effects on polymer relaxation and the chains will show different relaxation behaviour in conditions of monodisperse, bidisperse and other topological environments. By comparing relaxation data of linear polyisoprene (PI) chains dissolved in very long matrix and monodisperse melts, Matsumiya et al. showed that CR mechanism accelerates both dielectric and viscoelastic relaxation (Matsumiya et al. 2013 Macromolecules 46, 6067. (doi:10.1021/ma400606n)). In this work, the experimental data reported by Matsumiya et al. are reproduced using the single slip-spring (SSp) model and the CR accelerating effects on both dielectric and viscoelastic relaxation are validated by simulations. This effect on viscoelastic relaxation is more pronounced. The coincidence for end-to-end relaxation and the viscoelastic relaxation has also been checked using probe version SSp model. A variant of SSp with each entanglement assigning a characteristic lifetime is also proposed to simulate various CR environment flexibly. Using this lifetime version SSp model, the correct relaxation function can be obtained with equal numbers of entanglement destructions by CR and reptation/contour length fluctuation (CLF) for monodisperse melts. Good agreement with published experiment data is also obtained for bidisperse melts, which validates the ability to correctly describe the CR environment of the lifetime version model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Guochang Lin
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for National Defence on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifeng Tan
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for National Defence on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
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37
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Hussain S, Haji-Akbari A. Studying rare events using forward-flux sampling: Recent breakthroughs and future outlook. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:060901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5127780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Hussain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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38
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Miwatani R, Takahashi KZ, Arai N. Performance of Coarse Graining in Estimating Polymer Properties: Comparison with the Atomistic Model. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12020382. [PMID: 32046337 PMCID: PMC7077424 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining atomistic and coarse-grained (CG) models is a promising approach for quantitative prediction of polymer properties. However, the gaps between the length and time scales of atomistic and CG models still need to be bridged. Here, the scale gaps of the atomistic model of polyethylene melts, the bead–spring Kremer–Grest model, and dissipative particle dynamics with the slip-spring model were investigated. A single set of spatial and temporal scaling factors was determined between the atomistic model and each CG model. The results of the CG models were rescaled using the set of scaling factors and compared with those of the atomistic model. For each polymer property, a threshold value indicating the onset of static or dynamic universality of polymers was obtained. The scaling factors also revealed the computational efficiency of each CG model with respect to the atomistic model. The performance of the CG models of polymers was systematically evaluated in terms of both the accuracy and computational efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Miwatani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8522, Japan;
| | - Kazuaki Z. Takahashi
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-861-2972; Fax: +81-29-861-5375
| | - Noriyoshi Arai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan;
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39
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Müller M. Process-directed self-assembly of copolymers: Results of and challenges for simulation studies. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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Sgouros AP, Vogiatzis GG, Megariotis G, Tzoumanekas C, Theodorou DN. Multiscale Simulations of Graphite-Capped Polyethylene Melts: Brownian Dynamics/Kinetic Monte Carlo Compared to Atomistic Calculations and Experiment. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Sgouros
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - G. G. Vogiatzis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - G. Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - C. Tzoumanekas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - D. N. Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
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41
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Sato T, Taniguchi T. Rheology and Entanglement Structure of Well-Entangled Polymer Melts: A Slip-Link Simulation Study. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sato
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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42
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Karatrantos A, Composto RJ, Winey KI, Kröger M, Clarke N. Modeling of Entangled Polymer Diffusion in Melts and Nanocomposites: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E876. [PMID: 31091725 PMCID: PMC6571671 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This review concerns modeling studies of the fundamental problem of entangled (reptational) homopolymer diffusion in melts and nanocomposite materials in comparison to experiments. In polymer melts, the developed united atom and multibead spring models predict an exponent of the molecular weight dependence to the polymer diffusion very similar to experiments and the tube reptation model. There are rather unexplored parameters that can influence polymer diffusion such as polymer semiflexibility or polydispersity, leading to a different exponent. Models with soft potentials or slip-springs can estimate accurately the tube model predictions in polymer melts enabling us to reach larger length scales and simulate well entangled polymers. However, in polymer nanocomposites, reptational polymer diffusion is more complicated due to nanoparticle fillers size, loading, geometry and polymer-nanoparticle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Karatrantos
- Materials Research and Technology, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Russell J Composto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Karen I Winey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Nigel Clarke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK.
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43
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Xi L. Molecular simulation for predicting the rheological properties of polymer melts. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2019.1605600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Shanbhag
- Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4120, United States
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45
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Shahid T, Clasen C, Oosterlinck F, van Ruymbeke E. Diluting Entangled Polymers Affects Transient Hardening but Not Their Steady Elongational Viscosity. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisir Shahid
- Bio and Soft Matter, Institute on Condensed Matter and Nano-science, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian Clasen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Oosterlinck
- DSM Materials
Science Center, P.O. Box 18, NL-6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelyne van Ruymbeke
- Bio and Soft Matter, Institute on Condensed Matter and Nano-science, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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46
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Cao J, Wang Z, Likhtman AE. Determining Tube Theory Parameters by Slip-Spring Model Simulations of Entangled Star Polymers in Fixed Networks. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E496. [PMID: 30960480 PMCID: PMC6473678 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamical properties of branched polymer melts are determined by the polymer molecular weights and architectures containing junction points. Relaxation of entangled symmetric star polymers proceeds via arm-retraction and constraint release (CR). In this work, we investigate arm-retraction dynamics in the framework of a single-chain slip-spring model without CR effect where entanglements are treated as binary contacts, conveniently modeled as virtual "slip-links", each involving two neighboring strands. The model systems are analogous to isolated star polymers confined in a permanent network or a melt of very long linear polymers. We find that the distributions of the effective primitive path lengths are Gaussian, from which the entanglement molecular weight N e , a key tube theory parameter, can be extracted. The procured N e value is in good agreement with that obtained from mapping the middle monomer mean-square displacements of entangled linear chains in slip-spring model to the tube model prediction. Furthermore, the mean first-passage (FP) times of destruction of original tube segments by the retracting arm end are collected in simulations and examined quantitatively using a theory recently developed in our group for describing FP problems of one-dimensional Rouse chains with improbable extensions. The asymptotic values of N e as obtained from the static (primitive path length) and dynamical (FP time) analysis are consistent with each other. Additionally, we manage to determine the tube survival function of star arms μ ( t ) , or equivalently arm end-to-end vector relaxation function ϕ ( t ) , through the mean FP time spectrum τ ( s ) of the tube segments after careful consideration of the inner-most entanglements, which shows reasonably good agreement with experimental data on dielectric relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, UK.
| | - Zuowei Wang
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, UK.
| | - Alexei E Likhtman
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, UK
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47
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Moghadam S, Saha Dalal I, Larson RG. Slip-Spring and Kink Dynamics Models for Fast Extensional Flow of Entangled Polymeric Fluids. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E465. [PMID: 30960449 PMCID: PMC6473671 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We combine a slip-spring model with an 'entangled kink dynamics' (EKD) model for strong uniaxial extensional flows (with Rouse Weissenberg number W i R ≫ 1 ) of long ( M w > 1 Mkg / mol for polystyrene) entangled polymers in solutions and melts. The slip-spring model captures the dynamics up to the formation of a 'kinked' or folded state, while the kink dynamics simulation tracks the dynamics from that point forward to complete extension. We show that a single-chain slip-spring model using affine motion of the slip-spring anchor points produces unrealistically high tension near the center of the chain once the Hencky strain exceeds around unity or so, exceeding the maximum tension that a chain entangled with a second chain is able to support. This unrealistic tension is alleviated by pairing the slip links on one chain with those on a second chain, and allowing some of the large tension on one of the two to be transferred to the second chain, producing non-affine motion of each. This explicit pairing of entanglements mimics the entanglement pairing also used in the EKD model, and allows the slip spring simulations to be carried out to strains high enough for the EKD model to become valid. We show that results nearly equivalent to those from paired chains are obtained in a single-chain slip-spring simulation by simply specifying that the tension in a slip spring cannot exceed the theoretical maximum value of ζ ' ϵ ˙ L 2 / 8 where ζ ' , ϵ ˙ and L are the friction per unit length, strain rate and contour length of the chain, respectively. The effects of constraint release (CR) and regeneration of entanglements is also studied and found to have little effect on the chain statistics up to the formation of the kinked state. The resulting hybrid model provides a fast, simple, simulation method to study the response of high molecular weight ( M w > 1 Mkg / mol ) polymers in fast flows ( W i R ≫ 1 ), where conventional simulation techniques are less applicable due to computational cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Moghadam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Indranil Saha Dalal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
| | - Ronald G Larson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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48
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Kirk J, Wang Z, Ilg P. Entanglement dynamics at flat surfaces: Investigations using multi-chain molecular dynamics and a single-chain slip-spring model. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:094906. [PMID: 30849883 DOI: 10.1063/1.5045301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of an entangled polymer melt confined in a channel by parallel plates is investigated by Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of a detailed, multi-chain model. A primitive path analysis predicts that the density of entanglements remains approximately constant throughout the gap and drops to lower values only in the immediate vicinity of the surface. Based on these observations, we propose a coarse-grained, single-chain slip-spring model with a uniform density of slip-spring anchors and slip-links. The slip-spring model is compared to the Kremer-Grest MD bead-spring model via equilibrium correlation functions of chain orientations. Reasonably good agreement between the single-chain model and the detailed multi-chain model is obtained for chain relaxation dynamics, both away from the surface and for chains whose center of mass positions are at a distance from the surface that is less than the bulk chain radius of gyration, without introducing any additional model parameters. Our results suggest that there is no considerable drop in topological interactions for chains in the vicinity of a single flat surface. We infer from the slip-spring model that the experimental plateau modulus of a confined polymer melt may be different to a corresponding unconfined system even if there is no drop in topological interactions for the confined case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Kirk
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
| | - Zuowei Wang
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Ilg
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakwoo Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Arun Yethiraj
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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50
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Moghadam S, Saha Dalal I, Larson RG. Unraveling Dynamics of Entangled Polymers in Strong Extensional Flows. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Indranil Saha Dalal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
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