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Yang C, Shi Z, Feng C, Li R, Luo S, Li X, Ruan L. An Adjustable pH-Responsive Drug Delivery System Based on Self-Assembly Polypeptide-Modified Mesoporous Silica. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000034. [PMID: 32329202 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an adjustable pH-responsive drug delivery system using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as the host materials and the modified polypeptides as the nanovalves is reported. Since the polypeptide can self-assemble via electrostatic interaction at pH 7.4 and be disassembled by pH changes, the modified poly(l-lysine) and poly(l-glutamate) are utilized for pore blocking and opening in the study. Poly(l-lysine)-MSN (PLL-MSN) and poly(l-glutamate)-MSN (PLG-MSN) are synthesized via the ring opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides onto the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The successful modification of the polypeptide on MSN is proved by Zeta potential change, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), solid state NMR, and MALDI-TOF MS. In vitro simulated dye release studies show that PLL-MSN and PLG-MSN can successfully load the dye molecules. The release study shows that the controlled release can be constructed at different pH by adjusting the ratio of PLL-MSN to PLG-MSN. Cellular uptake study indicates that the drug is detected in both cytoplasm and nucleus, especially in the nucleus. In vitro cytotoxicity assay indicates that DOX loaded mixture nanoparticles (ratio of PLL-MSN to PLG-MSN is 1:1) can be triggered for drug release in HeLa cells, resulting in 88% of cell killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhengzheng Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Cong Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sihao Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiangfeng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Liping Ruan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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Konomoto T, Nakamura K, Yamamoto T, Tezuka Y. Synthesis and Unimolecular ESA-CF Polymer Cyclization of Zwitterionic Telechelic Precursors. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuneaki Konomoto
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Koji Nakamura
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tezuka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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Ziemba C, Khavkin M, Priftis D, Acar H, Mao J, Benami M, Gottlieb M, Tirrell M, Kaufman Y, Herzberg M. Antifouling Properties of a Self-Assembling Glutamic Acid-Lysine Zwitterionic Polymer Surface Coating. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:1699-1713. [PMID: 29641904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for the development of antifouling materials to resist adsorption of biomacromolecules. Here we describe the preparation of a novel zwitterionic block copolymer with the potential to prevent or delay the formation of microbial biofilms. The block copolymer comprised a zwitterionic (hydrophilic) section of alternating glutamic acid (negatively charged) and lysine (positively charged) units and a hydrophobic polystyrene section. Cryo-TEM and dynamic-light-scattering (DLS) results showed that, on average, the block copolymer self-assembled into 7-nm-diameter micelles in aqueous solutions (0 to 100 mM NaCl, pH 6). Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements demonstrated that the block copolymer self-assembled into a brush-like monolayer on polystyrene surfaces. The brush-like monolayer produced from a 100 mg/L block copolymer solution exhibited an average distance, d, of approximately 4-8 nm between each block copolymer molecule (center to center). Once the brush-like monolayer self-assembled, it reduced EPS adsorption onto the polystyrene surface by ∼70% (mass), reduced the rate of bacterial attachment by >80%, and inhibited the development of thick biofilms. QCM-D results revealed that the EPS molecules penetrate between the chains of the brush and adsorb onto the polystyrene surface. Additionally, AFM analyses showed that the brush-like monolayer prevents the adhesion of large (> d) hydrophilic colloids onto the surface via hydration repulsion; however, molecules or colloids small enough to fit between the brush polymers (< d) were able to be adsorbed onto the surface via van der Waals interactions. Overall, we found that the penetration of extracellular organelles, as well as biopolymers through the brush, is critical for the failure of the antifouling coating, and likely could be prevented through tuning of the brush density. Stability and biofilm development testing on multiple surfaces (polypropylene, glass, and stainless steel) support practical applications of this novel block copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ziemba
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Albert Katz International School of Desert Studies , Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion , 84990 , Israel
| | - Maria Khavkin
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Albert Katz International School of Desert Studies , Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion , 84990 , Israel
| | - Dimitris Priftis
- Institute for Molecular Engineering , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Handan Acar
- Institute for Molecular Engineering , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Jun Mao
- Institute for Molecular Engineering , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Maya Benami
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Albert Katz International School of Desert Studies , Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion , 84990 , Israel
| | - Moshe Gottlieb
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Matthew Tirrell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
- Materials Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Yair Kaufman
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Albert Katz International School of Desert Studies , Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion , 84990 , Israel
| | - Moshe Herzberg
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Albert Katz International School of Desert Studies , Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion , 84990 , Israel
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A zwitterionic block-copolymer, based on glutamic acid and lysine, reduces the biofouling of UF and RO membranes. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang B, Zhang H, Myers BK, Elupula R, Jayawickramarajah J, Grayson SM. Determination of polyethylene glycol end group functionalities by combination of selective reactions and characterization by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 816:28-40. [PMID: 24580852 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
End groups play a critical role in macromolecular coupling reactions for building complex polymer architectures, yet their identity and purity can be difficult to ascertain using traditional analytical technique. Recent advances in mass spectrometry techniques have made matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-fight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry a rapid and powerful tool for providing detailed information about the identity and purity of homopolymer end groups. In this work, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was used to study end groups of linear polyethylene glycols. In particular, the identifications of alcohol, amine and thiol end groups are investigated because these nucleophilic moieties are among the most common within biological and synthetic macromolecules. Through comparative characterization of alcohol, amine, and thiol end groups, the exact identification of these end groups could be confirmed by selective and quantitative modification. The precision of this technique enables the unambiguous differentiation of primary amino groups relative to hydroxyl groups, which differ by only 1 mass unit. In addition, the quantitative conversion of various polyethylene glycol end groups using highly efficient coupling reactions such as the thiol-ene and azide-alkyne click reactions can be confirmed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Zhang
- Tulane University, Department of Chemistry,
| | - Hong Zhang
- Tulane University, Department of Chemistry,
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The characterization of dendronized poly(ethylene glycol)s and poly(ethylene glycol) multi-arm stars using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 808:175-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Messman JM, Pickel DL, Goswami M, Uhrig DW, Sumpter BG, Mays JW. Combatting ionic aggregation using dielectric forces—combining modeling/simulation and experimental results to explain end-capping of primary amine functionalized polystyrene. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00226k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Haung Z, Ji H, Mays J, Dadmun M, Smith G, Bedrov D, Zhang Y. Polymer loop formation on a functionalized hard surface: quantitative insight by comparison of experimental and Monte Carlo simulation results. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:202-209. [PMID: 20038168 DOI: 10.1021/la902012z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene terminated with carboxylic acid end groups (telechelic polymer) was grafted from the melt onto a silicon wafer that contained a monolayer of epoxy groups. Ellipsometry and fluorimetry were employed to monitor the kinetics of the grafting and loop formation, respectively. These results are quantitatively correlated with bond fluctuation Monte Carlo (BFMC) simulations that model the grafting and loop formation process. The quantitative correlation found between experiment and simulation provides unique insight into the process of polymer loop formation. Specifically, this correlation provides a calibration of the fluorescence intensity to the amount of singly bound chains present on the surface, revealing that about 80% of the bound chains form loops on the surface at the longest reaction time studied, and provides the time evolution of singly and doubly bound chains during the reaction. Moreover, this correlation is broadly applicable and can be used to readily monitor the impact of a broad range of reaction conditions (e.g., temperature, telechelic concentration, surface density of functional groups) on the loop formation process. This correlation, therefore, provides a method to access fundamental information that is not accessible by experiment alone and yet is required to tailor surface properties through adjusting the coverage and fraction of loops in the grafted layer and to correlate surface-sensitive properties to specific grafted layer structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Haung
- Chemistry Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Ashcraft E, Ji H, Mays J, Dadmun M. A novel reactive processing technique: using telechelic polymers to reactively compatibilize polymer blends. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2009; 1:2163-2173. [PMID: 20355850 DOI: 10.1021/am900333y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Difunctional reactive polymers, telechelics, were used to reactively form multiblock copolymers in situ when melt-blended with a blend of polystyrene and polyisoprene. To quantify the ability of the copolymer to compatibilize the blends, the time evolution of the domain size upon annealing was analyzed by SEM. It was found that the most effective parameter to quantify the ability of the copolymer to inhibit droplet coalescence is K(rel)t(stable), the relative coarsening constant multiplied by the stabilization time. These results indicate that intermediate-molecular-weight telechelic pairs of both highly reactive Anhydride-PS-Anhydride/NH(2)-PI-NH(2) and slower reacting Epoxy-PS-Epoxy/COOH-PI-COOH both effectively suppress coalescence, with the optimal molecular weight being slightly above the critical molecular weight of the homopolymer, M(c). The effects of telechelic loading were also investigated, where the optimal loading concentration for this system was 0.5 wt %, as higher concentrations exhibited a plasticizing effect due to the presence of unreacted low-molecular-weight telechelics present in the blend. A determination of the interfacial coverage of the copolymer shows that a conversion of approximately 1.5-3.0% was required for 20% surface coverage at 5.0 wt % telechelic loading, indicating a large excess of telechelics in this system. At the optimal loading level of 0.5 wt %, a conversion of 15% was required for 20% surface coverage. The results of these experiments provide a clear understanding of the role of telechelic loading and molecular weight on its ability to reactively form interfacial modifiers in phase-separated polymer blends and provide guidelines for the development of similar reactive processing schemes that can use telechelic polymers to reactively compatibilize a broad range of polymer blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earl Ashcraft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Gies AP, Kliman M, McLean JA, Hercules DM. Characterization of Branching in Aramid Polymers Studied by MALDI−Ion Mobility/Mass Spectrometry. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8019464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Gies
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Michal Kliman
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - John A. McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - David M. Hercules
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
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12
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Hong L, Zhu F, Li J, Ngai T, Xie Z, Wu C. Folding of Long Multiblock Copolymer (PI-b-PS-b-PI)n Chains Prepared by the Self-Assembly Assisted Polypolymerization (SAAP) in Cyclohexane. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702079j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhi Hong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China, and The Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Fangming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China, and The Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Junfang Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China, and The Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China, and The Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China, and The Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Chi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, Institute of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China, and The Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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Huang Z, Ji H, Mays JW, Dadmun MD. Understanding the Grafting of Telechelic Polymers on a Solid Substrate to Form Loops. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071836q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ji H, Farmer BS, Nonidez WK, Advincula RC, Smith GD, Kilbey SM, Dadmun MD, Mays JW. Anionic Synthesis of Epoxy End-Capped Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200600660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Gies
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - David M. Hercules
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
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