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Radhakrishnan K, Singh SP. Compression of a confined semiflexible polymer under direct and oscillating fields. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:014501. [PMID: 37583203 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.014501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The folding transition of biopolymers from the coil to compact structures has attracted wide research interest in the past and is well studied in polymer physics. Recent seminal works on DNA in confined devices have shown that these long biopolymers tend to collapse under an external field, which is contrary to the previously reported stretching of the chain. In this work, we capture the compression of a confined semiflexible polymer under direct and oscillating fields using a coarse-grained computer simulation model in the presence of long-range hydrodynamics. In the case of a semiflexible polymer chain, the inhomogeneous hydrodynamic drag from the center to the periphery of the coil couples with the chain bending to cause a swirling movement of the chain segments, leading to structural intertwining and compaction. Contrarily, a flexible chain of the same length lacks such structural deformation and forms a well-established tadpole structure. While bending rigidity profoundly influences the chain's folding favorability, we also found that subject to the direct field, chains in stronger confinements exhibit substantial compaction, contrary to the one in moderate confinements or bulk where such compaction is absent. However, an alternating field within an optimum frequency can effectuate this compression even in moderate or no confinement. This field-induced collapse is a quintessential hydrodynamic phenomenon, resulting in intertwined knotted structures even for shorter chains, unlike other spontaneous knotting experiments where it happens exclusively for longer chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil P Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Huo H, Zhao W, Duan X, Sun ZY. Control of Diblock Copolyelectrolyte Morphology through Electric Field Application. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Huo
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Wanchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun130012, China
| | - Xiaozheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Sun
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun130022, China
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining835000, China
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Radhakrishnan K, Singh SP. Collapse of a Confined Polyelectrolyte Chain under an AC Electric Field. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil P. Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Otto DP, de Villiers MM. Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics (CG-MD) Simulation of the Encapsulation of Dexamethasone in PSS/PDDA Layer-by-Layer Assembled Polyelectrolyte Nanocapsules. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:292. [PMID: 33090318 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies have reported the fundamental and applied science aspects of polyelectrolyte (PE) layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. LbL nanocoating is a simple and robust technique that can be used to modify the surface properties of nearly any material. These modifications take place by adsorption of mere nanometers of PE to impart previously absent properties to the nanocoated substrate. Paper manufacturing, drug delivery, and antimicrobial applications have since been developed. LbL self-assembly has become a very lucrative field of research. Computational modeling of LbL nanocoating has received limited attention. PE simulations often require significant computational resources and make computational modeling studies challenging. In this study, atomic-level PE and dexamethasone models are developed and then converted into coarse-grained (CG) models. This modeling study is based on experimental results that were previously reported. The CG models showed the effect of salt concentration and the number of PE layers on the LbL drug nanocapsule. The suitability of the model was evaluated and showed that this model can serve as a predictive tool for an LbL-nanocoated drug delivery system. It is suggested that this model can be used to simulate LbL drug delivery systems before the experimental evaluation of the real systems take place.
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Suma A, Di Stefano M, Micheletti C. Electric-Field-Driven Trapping of Polyelectrolytes in Needle-like Backfolded States. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Suma
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Di Stefano
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Micheletti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
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6
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Li Y, Feng Q, Ling H, Chang Y, Liu Z, Liu H, Xie L, Yin C, Yi M, Huang W. Bulky side chain effect of poly(N
-vinylcarbazole)-based stacked polymer electrets on device performance parameters of transistor memories. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Li
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Quanyou Feng
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Haifeng Ling
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yongzheng Chang
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zhengdong Liu
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Hui Liu
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Linghai Xie
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chengrong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Mingdong Yi
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wei Huang
- Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), Institute of Optoelectronic Materials (IOM), Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023 China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816 China
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Zhou J, Schmid F. Computer simulations of single particles in external electric fields. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:6728-6739. [PMID: 26238433 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Applying electric fields is an attractive way to control and manipulate single particles or molecules, e.g., in lab-on-a-chip devices. However, the response of nanosize objects in electrolyte solution to external fields is far from trivial. It is the result of a variety of dynamical processes taking place in the ion cloud surrounding charged particles and in the bulk electrolyte, and it is governed by an intricate interplay of electrostatic and hydrodynamic interactions. Already systems composed of one single particle in electrolyte solution exhibit a complex dynamical behaviour. In this review, we discuss recent coarse-grained simulations that have been performed to obtain a molecular-level understanding of the dynamic and dielectric response of single particles and single macromolecules to external electric fields. We address both the response of charged particles to constant fields (DC fields), which can be characterized by an electrophoretic mobility, and the dielectric response of both uncharged and charged particles to alternating fields (AC fields), which is described by a complex polarizability. Furthermore, we give a brief survey of simulation algorithms and highlight some recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Enviroment, Center of Soft Matter Physics and its Application, Beihang University, Xueyuan Road 37, Beijing 100191, China.
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Zhou C, Riehn R. Collapse of DNA under alternating electric fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2015; 92:012714. [PMID: 26274209 PMCID: PMC5014398 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.012714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that double-stranded DNA can collapse in the presence of a strong electric field. Here we provide an in-depth study of the collapse of DNA under weak confinement in microchannels as a function of buffer strength, driving frequency, applied electric-field strength, and molecule size. We find that the critical electric field at which DNA molecules collapse (tens of kV/m) is strongly dependent on driving frequency (100-800 Hz) and molecular size (20-160 kbp), and weakly dependent on the ionic strength (8-60 mM). We argue that an apparent stretching at very high electric fields is an artifact of the finite frame time of video microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunda Zhou
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202
| | - Robert Riehn
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8202
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Das AK, Hsiao PY. Charged dendrimers under the action of AC electric fields: breathing characteristics of molecular size, polarizations, and ion distributions. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:084902. [PMID: 25725752 DOI: 10.1063/1.4908563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Langevin dynamics simulations are performed to study the response of charged dendrimers in alternating current electric fields in 3:1 salt solutions. Time evolutions of molecular size show breathing characteristics which take saw-tooth-like patterns in square-wave electric fields and undulated sine-function ones in sine-wave fields. Detailed study reveals how the dendrimer and condensed ions oscillate in the electric fields, which result in polarization of the molecule. To effect a significant deformation of the dendrimer, the applied field amplitude must be larger than some critical strength Ecrit and the field frequency smaller than a threshold fcrit. The response behavior is characterized by two relaxation times in square-wave fields, both of which decrease linearly with the strong field strength larger than Ecrit. In sine-wave fields, the molecular size exhibits interesting hysteretic behavior in plotting the curves with the field variation. A Maxwell-Wagner type polarization theory is derived and proved by simulations, which connects fcrit with the strength of the applied electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Das
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Yi Hsiao
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Das AK, Hsiao PY. Charged dendrimers in trivalent salt solutions under the action of DC electric fields. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:6265-76. [PMID: 24837658 DOI: 10.1021/jp4116589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The structural properties and electrophoretic mobility of charged dendrimers in 3:1 electrolyte solutions subjected to direct current electric fields are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The simulated dendrimer size is studied in zero fields and found to scale as R(g) ∼ N(0.29). The dendrimers exhibit shape distortions when the applied electric field is larger than some critical value, which scales with the number of dendrimer monomers as E(z,crit) ∼ N(0.39(6)). Families of curves, such as the curves of the square of radius of gyration, the asphericity, the degree of prolateness, and the electrophoretic mobility of dendrimers, are shown to collapse to single, master curves in electric fields through appropriate scaling. This reflects the fractal characteristics of these systems. The density profile of the surface monomers and salt cations reveals two pronounced combination effects between the polarization of dendrimer complexes and stripping-off of the condensed salt cations from the dendrimer surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Das
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R. O. C
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Zhou J, Schmitz R, Dünweg B, Schmid F. Dynamic and dielectric response of charged colloids in electrolyte solutions to external electric fields. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:024901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4812692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Tan Q, Shu X, Yi J, Zhang HL. Electric field-induced stretch of pyrene-labeled diblock weak polyelectrolyte in dilute solution monitored by steady-state fluorescence. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Karam T, Sultan R. Effect of an alternating current electric field on Co(OH)2 periodic precipitation. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wang S, Zhu Y. Manipulating single annealed polyelectrolyte under alternating current electric fields: Collapse versus accumulation. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2012; 6:24116-2411612. [PMID: 22655024 PMCID: PMC3360728 DOI: 10.1063/1.4710998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective manipulation and understanding of the structural and dynamic behaviors of a single polyelectrolyte (PE) under alternating current (AC) electric fields are of great scientific and technological importance because of its intimate relevance to emerging bionanotechnology. In this work, we employ fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) to study the conformational and AC-electrokinetic behaviors of a model annealed PE, poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) under both spatially uniform and non-uniform AC fields at a single molecule level. Under spatially uniform AC-fields, we observe a gradual and continuous coil-to-globule conformational transition (CGT) of single P2VP at varied AC-frequency when a critical AC-field strength is exceeded, in contrast to the pH-induced abrupt CGT in the absence of AC-fields. On the contrary, under spatially non-uniform AC-fields, we observe field-driven net flow and accumulation of P2VP near high AC-field regions due to combined AC electro-osmosis and dielectrophoresis but surprisingly no conformational change. Thus, distinct AC-electric polarization effect on single annealed PE subject to AC-field homogeneity is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Wang S, Chang HC, Zhu Y. Hysteretic Conformational Transition of Single Flexible Polyelectrolyte under Resonant AC Electric Polarization. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101571s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengqin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Yingxi Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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