1
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Railian S, Fadil Y, Agarwal V, Junkers T, Zetterlund PB. Synthesis of electrically conducting nanocomposites via Pickering miniemulsion polymerization: Effect of graphene oxide functionalized with different capping agents. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Fadil Y, Thickett SC, Agarwal V, Zetterlund PB. Synthesis of graphene-based polymeric nanocomposites using emulsion techniques. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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3
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Nanocomposite of Graphene Oxide Encapsulated in Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA): Pre-Modification, Synthesis, and Latex Stability. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4030118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The compatibility of graphene oxide with its dispersion medium (polymer) plays a critical role in the formation of nanocomposite materials with significant property improvements. Environmentally friendly miniemulsion polymerization, which allows a formation of nanoencapsulation in an aqueous phase and high molecular weight polymer/composite production is one promising method. In this study, we screened a series of amphiphilic modifiers and found that the quaternary ammonium (ar-vinyl benzyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride (VBTAC) pending carbon double bonds could effectively modify the graphene oxide (GO) to be compatible with the organophilic monomer. After that, free radical miniemulsion polymerization successfully synthesized stable latex of exfoliated poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/ GO nanocomposite. The final latex had an extended storage life and a relatively uniform particle size distribution. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of this latex and its films indicated successful encapsulation of exfoliated nano-dimensional graphene oxide inside a polymer matrix.
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4
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Enhanced Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-laden Recycled Fish Gelatin/Strontium Substitution Calcium Silicate 3D Scaffolds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10062168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell-encapsulated bioscaffold is a promising and novel method to allow fabrication of live functional organs for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, traditional fabrication methods of 3D scaffolds and cell-laden hydrogels still face many difficulties and challenges. This study uses a newer 3D fabrication technique and the concept of recycling of an unutilized resource to fabricate a novel scaffold for bone tissue engineering. In this study, fish-extracted gelatin was incorporated with bioactive ceramic for bone tissue engineering, and with this we successfully fabricated a novel fish gelatin methacrylate (FG) polymer hydrogel mixed with strontium-doped calcium silicate powder (FGSr) 3D scaffold via photo-crosslinking. Our results indicated that the tensile strength of FGSr was almost 2.5-fold higher as compared to FG thus making it a better candidate for future clinical applications. The in-vitro assays illustrated that the FGSr scaffolds showed good biocompatibility with human Wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSC), as well as enhancing the osteogenesis differentiation of WJMSC. The WJMSC-laden FGSr 3D scaffolds expressed a higher degree of alkaline phosphatase activity than those on cell-laden FG 3D scaffolds and this result was further proven with the subsequent calcium deposition results. Therefore, these results showed that 3D-printed cell-laden FGSr scaffolds had enhanced mechanical property and osteogenic-related behavior that made for a more suitable candidate for future clinical applications.
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5
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Fadil Y, Dinh LNM, Yap MOY, Kuchel RP, Yao Y, Omura T, Aregueta-Robles UA, Song N, Huang S, Jasinski F, Thickett SC, Minami H, Agarwal V, Zetterlund PB. Ambient-Temperature Waterborne Polymer/rGO Nanocomposite Films: Effect of rGO Distribution on Electrical Conductivity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:48450-48458. [PMID: 31747744 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrically conductive polymer/rGO (reduced graphene oxide) films based on styrene and n-butyl acrylate are prepared by a variety of aqueous latex based routes involving ambient temperature film formation. Techniques based on miniemulsion polymerization using GO as surfactant and "physical mixing" approaches (i.e., mixing an aqueous polymer latex with an aqueous GO dispersion) are employed, followed by heat treatment of the films to convert GO to rGO. The distribution of GO sheets and the electrical conductivity depend strongly on the preparation method, with electrical conductivities in the range 9 × 10-4 to 3.4 × 102 S/m. Higher electrical conductivities are obtained using physical mixing compared to miniemulsion polymerization, which is attributed to the former providing a higher level of self-alignment of rGO into larger linear domains. The present results illustrate how the distribution of GO sheets within these hybrid materials can to some extent be controlled by judicious choice of preparation method, thereby providing an attractive means of nanoengineering for specific potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Fadil
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Le N M Dinh
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Monique O Y Yap
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Rhiannon P Kuchel
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Yin Yao
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Taro Omura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Rokko , Nada 657-8501 , Japan
| | - Ulises A Aregueta-Robles
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Ning Song
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Shujuan Huang
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Florent Jasinski
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Stuart C Thickett
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry) , University of Tasmania , Hobart , Tasmania 7005 , Australia
| | - Hideto Minami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , Kobe University , Rokko , Nada 657-8501 , Japan
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Per B Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
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6
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Mao Y, Tian Q, Zhang C, Tang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Ding T. Vulcanization accelerator functionalized nanosilica: Effect on the reinforcement behavior of SSBR/BR. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Mao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Tian
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Flame Retardant and Functional Materials of Henan ProvinceHenan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
- Engineering Laboratory for Flame Retardant and Functional Materials of Henan ProvinceHenan University Kaifeng, 475004 People's Republic of China
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7
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Thickett SC, Teo GH. Recent advances in colloidal nanocomposite designviaheterogeneous polymerization techniques. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00097f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in colloidal nanocomposite design by heterogeneous polymerization are reviewed, with a specific focus on encapsulation and particle-based stabilization for specific materials applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart C. Thickett
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Guo Hui Teo
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
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8
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Wei P, Luo Q, Edgehouse KJ, Hemmingsen CM, Rodier BJ, Pentzer EB. 2D Particles at Fluid-Fluid Interfaces: Assembly and Templating of Hybrid Structures for Advanced Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21765-21781. [PMID: 29897230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b07178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fluid-fluid interfaces have widespread applications in personal care products, the food industry, oil recovery, mineral processes, etc. and are also important and versatile platforms for generating advanced materials. In Pickering emulsions, particles stabilize the fluid-fluid interface, and their presence reduces the interfacial energy between the two fluids. To date, most Pickering emulsions stabilized by 2D particles make use of clay platelets or GO nanosheets. These systems have been used to template higher order hybrid, functional materials, most commonly, armored polymer particles, capsules, and Janus nanosheets. This review discusses the experimental and computational study of the assembly of sheet-like 2D particles at fluid-fluid interfaces, with an emphasis on the impact of chemical composition, and the use of these assemblies to prepare composite structures of dissimilar materials. The review culminates in a perspective on the future of Pickering emulsions using 2D particle surfactants, including new chemical modification and types of particles as well as the realization of properties and applications not possible with currently accessible systems, such as lubricants, porous structures, delivery, coatings, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Wei
- Department of Chemistry , Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Qinmo Luo
- Department of Chemistry , Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Katelynn J Edgehouse
- Department of Chemistry , Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Christina M Hemmingsen
- Department of Chemistry , Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Bradley J Rodier
- Department of Chemistry , Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Emily B Pentzer
- Department of Chemistry , Case Western Reserve University , 10900 Euclid Avenue , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
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9
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Gorji M, Karimi M, Mashaiekhi G, Ramazani S. Superabsorbent, Breathable Graphene Oxide-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogel as a Dense Membrane for Use in Protective Clothing. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2018.1466174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Gorji
- Young Researchers and Elites club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Karimi
- Textile Eng. Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT), Tehran, Iran
| | - G. Mashaiekhi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Ramazani
- Textile Eng. Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT), Tehran, Iran
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10
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Fadil Y, Jasinski F, Wing Guok T, Thickett SC, Minami H, Zetterlund PB. Pickering miniemulsion polymerization using graphene oxide: effect of addition of a conventional surfactant. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00667a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene/graphene oxide (PSt/GO) nanocomposite latexes have been prepared by Pickering miniemulsion polymerization in the presence of the conventional surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in order to investigate its influence on the polymerization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Fadil
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Florent Jasinski
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Tien Wing Guok
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Stuart C. Thickett
- School of Natural Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Hideto Minami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kobe University
- Nada
- Japan
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
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11
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Amphiphilic comb-like polymer-modified graphene oxide and its nanocomposite with polystyrene via emulsion polymerization. Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Gong S, Chen H, Zhou X, Gunasekaran S. Synthesis and applications of MANs/poly(MMA-co-BA) nanocomposite latex by miniemulsion polymerization. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:170844. [PMID: 29291076 PMCID: PMC5717650 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We have synthesized core-shell structured 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) functionalized antimony-doped tin oxide nanoparticles (MANs)-poly(methyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate) (PMMA-co-BA, PMB) nanocomposite latex particles via miniemulsion polymerization method. Polymerizable anionic surfactant DNS-86 (allyloxy polyoxyethylene(10) nonyl ammonium sulfate) was first introduced to synthesize core-shell nanocomposite. The morphologies of synthesized MANs and MANs/PMB latex nanocomposite particles were studied with transmission electron microscopy, which revealed particles, on average 70 nm in size, with a core-shell structure. Owing to the uniformity and hydrophobicity of MANs, the MANs-embedded PMB latex nanocomposite can be tailored more precisely than other nanoparticles-embedded nanocomposites. Films incorporating 10 wt% of MANs in the MAN/PMB latex nanocomposite exhibit good transmittance in the visible region, and excellent opacity in the near infrared region. The MANs/PMB nanocomposite film also appears suitable for heat insulation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Authors for correspondence: Sheng Gong e-mail:
| | - Huayao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, People's Republic of China
- Authors for correspondence: Xinhua Zhou e-mail:
| | - Sundaram Gunasekaran
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Authors for correspondence: Sundaram Gunasekaran e-mail:
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13
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Fadil Y, Man SHC, Jasinski F, Minami H, Thickett SC, Zetterlund PB. Formation of homogeneous nanocomposite films at ambient temperature via miniemulsion polymerization using graphene oxide as surfactant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Fadil
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - S. H. C. Man
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Johor Malaysia
| | - Florent Jasinski
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Hideto Minami
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Kobe University; Rokko Nada Japan
| | - Stuart C. Thickett
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry); University of Tasmania; Hobart Tasmania 7005 Australia
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
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14
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Tokuda M, Yamane M, Thickett SC, Minami H, Zetterlund PB. Synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles containing reduced graphene oxide nanosheets stabilized by poly(ionic liquid) using miniemulsion polymerization. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:3955-3962. [PMID: 27021557 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00269b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles containing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets have been prepared by aqueous miniemulsion radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) utilizing poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) as stabilizer to effectively disperse the rGO nanosheets in the monomer phase. The PIL that gave the best results in terms of rGO dispersibility was a block copolymer of the ionic liquid monomer 1-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl)-3-butylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([Mbim][TFSA]) and MMA, the concept being that the MMA units impart solubility in the MMA monomer droplets whereas the IL units act as adsorption sites for rGO. The rGO dispersibility in vinyl monomer was demonstrated to be superior using the above PIL block copolymer compared to the corresponding statistical copolymer or PIL homopolymer. Overall, the approach developed demonstrates how PILs can be employed to conveniently switch (turn ON/OFF) the dispersibility of PIL/rGO via anion exchange reactions, which can be an efficient strategy for synthesis of polymer/rGO nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Tokuda
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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15
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Rodier BJ, Mosher EP, Burton ST, Matthews R, Pentzer E. Polythioether Particles Armored with Modifiable Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:894-9. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J. Rodier
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Eric P. Mosher
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Spencer T. Burton
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Rachael Matthews
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Emily Pentzer
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; 10900 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44106 USA
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16
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Tokuda M, Thickett SC, Minami H, Zetterlund PB. Preparation of Polymer Particles Containing Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Using Ionic Liquid Monomer. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Tokuda
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Department
of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko,
Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Stuart C. Thickett
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- School
of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), The University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, TAS 7005, Australia
| | - Hideto Minami
- Department
of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokko,
Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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17
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Chen Y, Lin Y, Luo Y, Jia D, Liu L. Morphology and performance of styrene butadiene rubber filled with modified graphite nanoplatelet and carbon black. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhong Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Guangdong Province for High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Yong Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Guangdong Province for High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Yuanfang Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Guangdong Province for High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Demin Jia
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Guangdong Province for High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Lan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Guangdong Province for High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
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18
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Teo GH, Kuchel RP, Zetterlund PB, Thickett SC. Polymer-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles of various morphologies via polymerization-induced self assembly and sol–gel chemistry. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01447j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of polymer-silica hybrid nanoparticles of various morphologies is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Hui Teo
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
| | - Rhiannon P. Kuchel
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- University of New South Wales NSW
- Australia
| | - Stuart C. Thickett
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry)
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart
- Australia
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19
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McGrail BT, Mangadlao JD, Rodier BJ, Swisher J, Advincula R, Pentzer E. Selective mono-facial modification of graphene oxide nanosheets in suspension. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:288-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05596b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is selectively functionalized on one face to prepare Janus platelets which are characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joey D. Mangadlao
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | | | - Jordan Swisher
- Department of Chemistry
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | - Rigoberto Advincula
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | - Emily Pentzer
- Department of Chemistry
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
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20
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Erdenedelger G, Dao TD, Jeong HM. Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Graphene Microparticles Having a Core/Shell Structure Prepared with Carboxylated Graphene as a Pickering Stabilizer. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gansukh Erdenedelger
- Department of Chemistry; Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center; University of Ulsan; Ulsan 680-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Trung Dung Dao
- Department of Chemistry; Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center; University of Ulsan; Ulsan 680-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Han Mo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry; Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center; University of Ulsan; Ulsan 680-749 Republic of Korea
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21
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Synthesis, characterization and properties of poly(propylene-1-octene)/graphite nanosheet nanocomposites obtained by in situ polymerization. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Cao Z, Xu C, Ding X, Zhu S, Chen H, Qi D. Synthesis of fragrance/silica nanocapsules through a sol–gel process in miniemulsions and their application as aromatic finishing agents. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Abstract
This review article describes recent advances in the elaboration of graphene-based colloidal nanocomposites by the use of graphene or graphene oxide in heterophase polymerization systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Faucheu
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines
- SMS-EMSE
- CNRS
- UMR 5307
- 42023 Saint Etienne
| | - Amélie Noël
- Université de Lyon
- Univ. Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
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24
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Meng N, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Nie W, Chen P. Novel synthesis of silver/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite and its high catalytic activity towards hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13574e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ag/RGO nanocomposites were prepared via reducing AgNO3 in a macroscopic RGO aerogel directly through a convenient impregnation process, which exhibited high activity in the catalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymer Materials
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- China
| | - Shujie Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymer Materials
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymer Materials
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- China
| | - Wangyan Nie
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymer Materials
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- China
| | - Pengpeng Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymer Materials
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- China
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25
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Qi D, Cao Z, Ziener U. Recent advances in the preparation of hybrid nanoparticles in miniemulsions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 211:47-62. [PMID: 24951391 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize recent advances in the synthesis of hybrid nanoparticles in miniemulsions since 2009. These hybrid nanoparticles include organic-inorganic, polymeric, and natural macromolecule/synthetic polymer hybrid nanoparticles. They may be prepared through encapsulation of inorganic components or natural macromolecules by miniemulsion (co)polymerization, simultaneous polymerization of vinyl monomers and vinyl-containing inorganic precursors, precipitation of preformed polymers in the presence of inorganic constituents through solvent displacement techniques, and grafting polymerization onto, from or through natural macromolecules. Characterization, properties, and applications of hybrid nanoparticles are also discussed.
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26
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Park N, Lee J, Min H, Park YD, Lee HS. Preparation of highly conductive reduced graphite oxide/poly(styrene-co-butyl acrylate) composites via miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Che Man S, Ly D, Whittaker MR, Thickett SC, Zetterlund PB. Nano-sized graphene oxide as sole surfactant in miniemulsion polymerization for nanocomposite synthesis: Effect of pH and ionic strength. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Dual thermo- and pH-sensitive poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid)-grafted graphene oxide. Colloid Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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29
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Gao J, Bai H, Zhou X, Yang G, Xu C, Zhang Q, Chen F, Fu Q. Observation of strong nano-effect via tuning distributed architecture of graphene oxide in poly(propylene carbonate). NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:025702. [PMID: 24334528 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/2/025702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
For optimum reinforcement in polymer nanocomposite, a critical challenge is to realize the full 'nano-effect' of nanofillers at a high content, which is largely hindered by the strong tendency to aggregation of nanofillers. Here, by using a solvent-exchange and solution casting approach, we could incorporate a high-content graphene oxide (GO) into a soft biodegradable CO2-based poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) up to 20 wt% with excellent dispersion. Based on this, the distributed architecture of GO could be tuned from a 'GO dotted dispersion' and 'GO network' to strong 'GO co-continuous structure' with increasing GO content. As a result, a very strong 'nano-effect' of GO in the PPC matrix was observed: (1) the glass transition temperature of PPC was improved from 25 to 45 ° C for slightly confined molecular chains, and even to 100 ° C for highly confined ones; (2) the modified PPC showed drastically enhanced high-temperature mechanical properties, comparable to those of traditional polymers such as polypropylene (PP) and biopolymer poly(lactic acid) (PLA); and (3) such modified PPC exhibited an exciting solvent resistance compared to neat PPC. Our work provides an example to improve the high-temperature properties of a polymer via formation of filler co-continuous structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
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30
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Nikdel M, Salami-Kalajahi M, Salami Hosseini M. Synthesis of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid)-grafted graphene oxide nanosheets via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01701c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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31
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Spasevska D, Daniloska V, Leal GP, Gilev JB, Tomovska R. Reactive emulsion mixing as a novel pathway toward water-borne reduced graphene oxide/polymer composites. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01487a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Conductive crosslinked polymer/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites with highly improved mechanical properties were synthesized by a novel reactive emulsion mixing technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Spasevska
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Cyril and Methodius
- 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - V. Daniloska
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - G. P. Leal
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - J. Blazevska Gilev
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Cyril and Methodius
- 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - R. Tomovska
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE
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32
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Etmimi HM, Mallon PE, Sanderson RD. Polymer/graphite nanocomposites: Effect of reducing the functional groups of graphite oxide on water barrier properties. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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33
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Che Man SH, Mohd Yusof NY, Whittaker MR, Thickett SC, Zetterlund PB. Influence of monomer type on miniemulsion polymerization systems stabilized by graphene oxide as sole surfactant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. H. Che Man
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD); School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Polymer Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - N. Y. Mohd Yusof
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD); School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Michael R. Whittaker
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD); School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Stuart C. Thickett
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD); School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD); School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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34
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Zhang L, Shi T, Wu S, Zhou H. Graphene/polystyrene nanocomposites synthesized via Pickering emulsion polymerization. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008313504440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, graphene/polystyrene nanocomposites were first obtained by Pickering emulsion polymerization technique. The results showed that the thermal, mechanical, and conductivity properties of polystyrene were remarkably improved at low loading of functionalized graphene. In fact, the functionalized graphene could not only be use as an effective solid stabilizer for styrene-in-water Pickering emulsion but also be dispersed homogeneously into the production of polystyrene as highly effective nanofiller using this method. The superior properties of the graphene/polystyrene composites are the result of good dispersion of functionalized graphene in the polystyrene matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Bengbu College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengli Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiou Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
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35
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Etmimi HM, Mallon PE. In situ exfoliation of graphite oxide nanosheets in polymer nanocomposites using miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Reyes Y, Peruzzo PJ, Fernández M, Paulis M, Leiza JR. Encapsulation of clay within polymer particles in a high-solids content aqueous dispersion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:9849-9856. [PMID: 23883443 DOI: 10.1021/la401301s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
By using a two-step polymerization process, it was possible to encapsulate clay platelets within polymer particles dispersed in water. First, seed polymer particles with chemically bonded clay were obtained by batch miniemulsion polymerization. Then, the clay was buried within the particles by the addition of neat monomer in a second step. The final stable dispersions can have a solids content of up to 50 wt %. Transmission electron microscopy images clearly show the presence of clay platelets inside the polymer colloids, although they are not totally exfoliated. The obtained nanocomposites showed an increase in both the storage modulus in the rubbery state and the water resistance as the clay content increases. The approach presented here might be useful for encapsulating other high-aspect ratio nanofillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Reyes
- POLYMAT, Kimika Aplikatua Saila, Kimika Zientzien Fakultatea, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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37
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Thickett SC, Zetterlund PB. Preparation of Composite Materials by Using Graphene Oxide as a Surfactant in Ab Initio Emulsion Polymerization Systems. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:630-634. [PMID: 35581796 DOI: 10.1021/mz400280t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, we report a simple and unexpected method of producing polymer-graphene oxide (GO) composite materials via ab initio emulsion polymerization in water. On the basis of the recent reports concerning the surfactant-like behavior of GO for stabilizing oil-in-water emulsions, we prepared exfoliated GO sheets with lateral dimension approximately 200 nm for use as surfactant in the emulsion polymerization of styrene. We observed an expected "classic" surfactant behavior to produce stable nanoparticles at extremely low GO loadings (<0.1% w/w); however, at higher concentrations a highly aggregated, fibrous morphology was formed. This morphology is predominantly due to the electrolyte concentration (ionic strength) of the aqueous phase resulting in heterocoagulation of growing oligomers with dispersed GO sheets, which offers a convenient route toward preparing hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart C. Thickett
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Per B. Zetterlund
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular
Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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38
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Feng L, Guan G, Li C, Zhang D, Xiao Y, Zheng L, Zhu W. In situSynthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites Using Thermal-initiated and Graphene Oxide-initiated Polymerization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2013.792217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Pant HR, Pant B, Pokharel P, Kim HJ, Tijing LD, Park CH, Lee DS, Kim HY, Kim CS. Photocatalytic TiO2–RGO/nylon-6 spider-wave-like nano-nets via electrospinning and hydrothermal treatment. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Tan Y, Fang L, Xiao J, Song Y, Zheng Q. Grafting of copolymers onto graphene by miniemulsion polymerization for conductive polymer composites: improved electrical conductivity and compatibility induced by interfacial distribution of graphene. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00164d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Vijayan P P, Puglia D, Maria HJ, Kenny JM, Thomas S. Clay nanostructure and its localisation in an epoxy/liquid rubber blend. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44844d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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42
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Ho KK, Hsiao MC, Chou TY, Ma CCM, Xie XF, Chiang JC, Yang SH, Chang LH. Preparation and characterization of covalently functionalized graphene using vinyl-terminated benzoxazine monomer and associated nanocomposites with low coefficient of thermal expansion. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ku Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30013; Taiwan
| | - Min-Chien Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30013; Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Chou
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30013; Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chi M Ma
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30013; Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Feng Xie
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology; Tsinghua University; Beijing; 100084; PR; China
| | - Jen-Chi Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30013; Taiwan
| | - Shih-hsien Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30013; Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsueh Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu; 30013; Taiwan
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43
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Che Man SH, Thickett SC, Whittaker MR, Zetterlund PB. Synthesis of polystyrene nanoparticles “armoured” with nanodimensional graphene oxide sheets by miniemulsion polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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