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Degirmenci A, Sanyal R, Sanyal A. Metal-Free Click-Chemistry: A Powerful Tool for Fabricating Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:433-452. [PMID: 38516745 PMCID: PMC11036366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Increasing interest in the utilization of hydrogels in various areas of biomedical sciences ranging from biosensing and drug delivery to tissue engineering has necessitated the synthesis of these materials using efficient and benign chemical transformations. In this regard, the advent of "click" chemistry revolutionized the design of hydrogels and a range of efficient reactions was utilized to obtain hydrogels with increased control over their physicochemical properties. The ability to apply the "click" chemistry paradigm to both synthetic and natural polymers as hydrogel precursors further expanded the utility of this chemistry in network formation. In particular, the ability to integrate clickable handles at predetermined locations in polymeric components enables the formation of well-defined networks. Although, in the early years of "click" chemistry, the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition was widely employed, recent years have focused on the use of metal-free "click" transformations, since residual metal impurities may interfere with or compromise the biological function of such materials. Furthermore, many of the non-metal-catalyzed "click" transformations enable the fabrication of injectable hydrogels, as well as the fabrication of microstructured gels using spatial and temporal control. This review article summarizes the recent advances in the fabrication of hydrogels using various metal-free "click" reactions and highlights the applications of thus obtained materials. One could envision that the use of these versatile metal-free "click" reactions would continue to revolutionize the design of functional hydrogels geared to address unmet needs in biomedical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysun Degirmenci
- Department
of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Türkiye
| | - Rana Sanyal
- Department
of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Türkiye
- Center
for Life Sciences and Technologies, Bogazici
University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Türkiye
| | - Amitav Sanyal
- Department
of Chemistry, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Türkiye
- Center
for Life Sciences and Technologies, Bogazici
University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Türkiye
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2
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Samuel AG, Subramanian S, Vijendran V, Bhagavathsingh J. Copper(II)-Bis-Cyclen Intercalated Graphene Oxide as an Efficient Two-Dimensional Nanocomposite Material for Copper-Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction. Front Chem 2022; 9:754734. [PMID: 35071181 PMCID: PMC8782203 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.754734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report stable and heterogeneous graphene oxide (GO)–intercalated copper as an efficient catalyst for the organic transformations in green solvents. The GO-intercalated copper(II) complex of bis(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) [Cu(II)-bis-cyclen] was prepared by a facile synthetic approach with a high dilution technique. The as-prepared GO-Cu(II)-bis-cyclen nanocomposite was used as a click catalyst for the 1,3 dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition reaction of terminal alkyne and azide substrates. On directing a great deal of attention toward the feasibility of the rapid electron transfer rate of the catalyst in proliferating the yield of 1,2,3-triazole products, the click catalyst GO-Cu(II)-bis-cyclen nanocomposite was designed and synthesized via non-covalent functionalization. The presence of a higher coordination site in an efficient 2D nanocomposite promotes the stabilization of Cu(I) L-acetylide intermediate during the catalytic cycle initiated by the addition of reductants. From the XRD analysis, the enhancement in the d-interlayer spacing of 1.04 nm was observed due to the intercalation of the Cu(II)-bis-cyclen complex in between the GO basal planes. It was also characterized by XPS, FT-IR, RAMAN, UV, SEM, AFM, and TGA techniques. The recyclability of the heterogeneous catalyst [GO-Cu(II)-cyclen] with the solvent effect has also been studied. This class of GO-Cu(II)-bis-cyclen nanocomposite paves the way for bioconjugation of macromolecules through the click chemistry approach.
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3
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Selim A, Neethu KM, Gowri V, Sartaliya S, Kaur S, Jayamurugan G. Thiol‐Functionalized Cellulose Wrapped Copperoxide as a Green Nano Catalyst for Regiospecific Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Application in Rufinamide Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Selim
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali Punjab 140306 India
| | - K. M. Neethu
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali Punjab 140306 India
| | - Vijayendran Gowri
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali Punjab 140306 India
| | - Shaifali Sartaliya
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali Punjab 140306 India
| | - Sharanjeet Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali Punjab 140306 India
| | - Govindasamy Jayamurugan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Knowledge City, Sector 81 Mohali Punjab 140306 India
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4
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Ferraro V, Sole R, Bortoluzzi M, Beghetto V, Castro J. Tris
‐isocyanide copper(I) complex enabling copper azide‐alkyne cycloaddition in neat conditions. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venice Italy
| | - Roberto Sole
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venice Italy
| | - Marco Bortoluzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venice Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC) Bari Italy
| | - Valentina Beghetto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi Università Ca' Foscari Venice Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC) Bari Italy
- Crossing srl Treviso Italy
| | - Jesús Castro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Universidade de Vigo, Facultade de Química, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentais Vigo Spain
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VO TS, VO TTBC. A Self-Healing Material Based on Microcapsules of Poly(Urea-Formaldehyde)/Bis-Propargyl-Succinate Containing in Polyurethane Matrix. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.934775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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6
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Arcadia CE, Dombroski A, Oakley K, Chen SL, Tann H, Rose C, Kim E, Reda S, Rubenstein BM, Rosenstein JK. Leveraging autocatalytic reactions for chemical domain image classification. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5464-5472. [PMID: 34163768 PMCID: PMC8179570 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05860b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autocatalysis is fundamental to many biological processes, and kinetic models of autocatalytic reactions have mathematical forms similar to activation functions used in artificial neural networks. Inspired by these similarities, we use an autocatalytic reaction, the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, to perform digital image recognition tasks. Images are encoded in the concentration of a catalyst across an array of liquid samples, and the classification is performed with a sequence of automated fluid transfers. The outputs of the operations are monitored using UV-vis spectroscopy. The growing interest in molecular information storage suggests that methods for computing in chemistry will become increasingly important for querying and manipulating molecular memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kady Oakley
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University Providence RI USA
| | - Shui Ling Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University Providence RI USA
| | - Hokchhay Tann
- School of Engineering, Brown University Providence RI USA
| | | | - Eunsuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University Providence RI USA
| | - Sherief Reda
- School of Engineering, Brown University Providence RI USA
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7
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Kondhare D, Zhang A, Leonard P, Seela F. Alkynylated and Dendronized 5-Aza-7-deazaguanine Nucleosides: Cross-Coupling with Tripropargylamine and Linear Alkynes, Click Functionalization, and Fluorescence of Pyrene Adducts†. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10525-10538. [PMID: 32700909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The change of the recognition face of 5-aza-7-deazaguanine bridgehead nucleosides with respect to purine nucleosides permits the construction of new purine-purine or purine-pyrimidine base pairs in DNA and RNA. Clickable derivatives of 5-aza-7-deazaguanine were synthesized by introducing ethynyl, 1,7-octadiynyl, and tripropargylamino side chains in the 7-position of the 5-aza-7-deazapurine moiety by Sonogashira cross-coupling. Click reactions were performed with 1-azidomethylpyrene by the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The copper(I)-catalyzed click reaction on the tripropargylamino nucleoside was significantly faster and higher yielding than that for nucleosides carrying linear alkynyl chains. Also, this reaction could be performed with copper(II) as the catalyst. An autocatalyzed cycle was suggested in which the click product acts as a catalyst. Pyrene click adducts of linear alkynylated nucleosides showed pyrene monomer emission, while tripropargylamino adducts showed monomer and excimer fluorescence. The fluorescence intensities of the 5-aza-7-deazaguanine nucleosides were higher than those of their 7-deazaguanine counterparts. The reported clickable nucleosides can be utilized to functionalize or to cross-link monomeric nucleosides or DNA for diagnostic or imaging purposes and other applications in nucleic acid chemistry and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasharath Kondhare
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Aigui Zhang
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Leonard
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Seela
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Laboratorium für Organische und Bioorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie neuer Materialien, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany
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8
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9
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Neumann S, Biewend M, Rana S, Binder WH. The CuAAC: Principles, Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts, and Novel Developments and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900359. [PMID: 31631449 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) has emerged as the most useful "click" chemistry. Polymer science has profited enormously from CuAAC by its simplicity, ease, scope, applicability and efficiency. Basic principles of the CuAAC are reviewed with a focus on homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, ligands, anchimeric assistance, and basic chemical principles. Recent developments of ligand design and acceleration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Neumann
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von Danckelmannplatz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michel Biewend
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von Danckelmannplatz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sravendra Rana
- School of Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von Danckelmannplatz 4, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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10
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Zhang Q, Liu N, Mo H, Lu X, Wang Y, Xu M, Shu Y. Facile Preparation and Properties of Crosslinked Copolyether Elastomers with 1,2,3-Triazole and Urethane Subunit via Click Polymerization. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:571-579. [PMID: 31065507 PMCID: PMC6496403 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An azide terminated ethylene oxide‐tetrahydrofuran copolymer with urethane segments (ATUPET) as a novel binder pre‐polymer, has been prepared through ethylene oxide‐tetrahydrofuran random copolymer (PET) end‐capping modification via one‐pot method. The structure characterization of the modifier has been analyzed by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and GPC. In comparison with PET, ATUPET has a slightly higher viscosity because it has additional hydrogen bonding interaction generated by the urethane in ATUPET. Triazole cross‐linked elastomers based on ATUPET with various functional molar ratios were prepared using tripropargylamine as a curing agent and cross‐linker. Mechanical properties indicate that the modulus E and tensile strength σb exhibit a parabolic dependence with the increase in R. At around the stoichiometric ratio, the modulus E and tensile strength σb reach a maximum and the elongation at break exhibit an acceptable value at the same time. Swelling tests demonstrate that the apparent cross‐linking densities (N0) have a maximum value at the stoichiometric ratio. Thermal analysis shows that the ATUPET prepolymer and its polytriazoles elastomers exhibit a satisfactory stability. The results demonstrated that ATUPET might be a promising polymeric binder for future propellant formulations especially in the field of isocyanate‐free curing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an China.,State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals Xi'an China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals Xi'an China
| | - Hongchang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals Xi'an China
| | - Xianming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals Xi'an China
| | - Yao Wang
- China Tobacco Shaanxi Industrial Co., Ltd. Baoji China
| | - Minghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals Xi'an China
| | - Yuanjie Shu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an China.,State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals Xi'an China
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11
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Anticorrosive and self-healing waterborne poly(urethane-triazole) coatings made through a combination of click polymerization and cathodic electrophoretic deposition. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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12
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Siva Prasanna Sanka RV, K. B, Leterrier Y, Pandey S, Srivastava M, Srivastava A, Binder WH, Rana S, Michaud V. Nitrogen-doped graphene stabilized copper nanoparticles for Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition “click” chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6249-6252. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02057h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-doped reduced graphene oxide stabilized copper nanoparticles are designed as a heterogeneous catalyst for achieving Cu(i)-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition “click” chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balaji K.
- University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES)
- School of Engineering
- Energy Acres
- Dehradun
- India
| | - Yves Leterrier
- Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites (LPAC)
- Institute of Materials
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Shyam Pandey
- University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES)
- School of Engineering
- Energy Acres
- Dehradun
- India
| | - Monika Srivastava
- Advanced Materials Research Group
- CNT Lab
- ABV – Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management
- Gwalior-Madhya Pradesh
- India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Advanced Materials Research Group
- CNT Lab
- ABV – Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management
- Gwalior-Madhya Pradesh
- India
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle 06120
- Germany
| | - Sravendra Rana
- University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES)
- School of Engineering
- Energy Acres
- Dehradun
- India
| | - Véronique Michaud
- Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites (LPAC)
- Institute of Materials
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
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13
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Binder WH. The Past 40 Years of Macromolecular Sciences: Reflections on Challenges in Synthetic Polymer and Material Science. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800610. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute of Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Sciences II; Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von Danckelmann-Platz 4 D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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14
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Yang B, Storey RF. Chain-End Functionalization of Living Polyisobutylene via an End-Quenching Comonomer That Terminates by Indanyl Ring Formation. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5050, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Robson F. Storey
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive #5050, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
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15
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Semenov SN, Belding L, Cafferty BJ, Mousavi MP, Finogenova AM, Cruz RS, Skorb EV, Whitesides GM. Autocatalytic Cycles in a Copper-Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10221-10232. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey N. Semenov
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Lee Belding
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Brian J. Cafferty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Maral P.S. Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Anastasiia M. Finogenova
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ricardo S. Cruz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ekaterina V. Skorb
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Kavli Institute for Bionano Inspired Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 60 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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16
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Kargarfard N, Diedrich N, Rupp H, Döhler D, Binder WH. Improving Kinetics of "Click-Crosslinking" for Self-Healing Nanocomposites by Graphene-Supported Cu-Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 10:E17. [PMID: 30966054 PMCID: PMC6414871 DOI: 10.3390/polym10010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the curing kinetics of crosslinking reactions and the development of optimized catalyst systems is of importance for the preparation of self-healing nanocomposites, able to significantly extend their service lifetimes. Here we study different modified low molecular weight multivalent azides for a capsule-based self-healing approach, where self-healing is mediated by graphene-supported copper-nanoparticles, able to trigger "click"-based crosslinking of trivalent azides and alkynes. When monitoring the reaction kinetics of the curing reaction via reactive dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), it was found that the "click-crosslinking" reactivity decreased with increasing chain length of the according azide. Additionally, we could show a remarkable "click" reactivity already at 0 °C, highlighting the potential of click-based self-healing approaches. Furthermore, we varied the reaction temperature during the preparation of our tailor-made graphene-based copper(I) catalyst to further optimize its catalytic activity. With the most active catalyst prepared at 700 °C and the optimized set-up of reactants on hand, we prepared capsule-based self-healing epoxy nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Kargarfard
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Abteilung Reaktive Verarbeitung, Hohe Str. 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Norman Diedrich
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Harald Rupp
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Diana Döhler
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Wolfgang H Binder
- Faculty of Natural Science II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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17
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Abstract
Click chemistry has emerged as a significant tool for materials science, organic chemistry, and bioscience. Based on the initial concept of Barry Sharpless in 2001, the copper(I)-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction has triggered a plethora of chemical concepts for linking molecules and building blocks under ambient conditions, forming the basis for applications in autonomous cross-linking materials. Self-healing systems on the other hand are often based on mild cross-linking chemistries that are able to react either autonomously or upon an external trigger. In the ideal case, self-healing takes place efficiently at low temperatures, independent of the substrate(s) used, by forming strong and stable networks, binding to the newly generated (cracked) interfaces to restore the original material properties. The use of the CuAAC in self-healing systems, most of all the careful design of copper-based catalysts linked to additives as well as the chemical diversity of substrates, has led to an enormous potential of applications of this singular reaction. The implementation of click-based strategies in self-healing systems therefore is highly attractive, as here chemical (and physical) concepts of molecular reactivity, molecular design, and even metal catalysis are connected to aspects of materials science. In this Account, we will show how CuAAC reactions of multivalent components can be used as a tool for self-healing materials, achieving cross-linking at low temperatures (exploiting concepts of autocatalysis or internal chelation within the bulk CuAAC and systematic optimization of the efficiency of the used Cu(I) catalysts). Encapsulation strategies to separate the click components by micro- and nanoencapsulation are required in this context. Consequently, the examples reported here describe chemical concepts to realize more efficient and faster click reactions in self-healing polymeric materials. Thus, enhanced chain diffusion in (hyper)branched polymers, autocatalysis, or internal chelation concepts enable efficient click cross-linking already at 5 °C with a simultaneously reduced amount of Cu(I) catalyst and increased reaction rates, culminating in the first reported self-healing system based on click cycloaddition reactions. Via tailor-made nanocarbon/Cu(I) catalysts we can further improve the click cross-linking reaction in view of efficiency and kinetics, leading to the generation of self-healing graphene-based epoxy nanocomposites. Additionally, we have designed special CuAAC click methods for chemical reporting and visualization systems based on the detection of ruptured capsules via a fluorogenic click reaction, which can be combined with CuAAC cross-linking reactions to obtain simultaneous stress detection and self-healing within polymeric materials. In a similar concept, we have prepared polymeric Cu(I)-biscarbene complexes to detect (mechanical) stress within self-healing polymeric materials via a triggered fluorogenic reaction, thus using a destructive force for a constructive chemical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Döhler
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry,
Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Philipp Michael
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry,
Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry,
Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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18
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Michael P, Sheidaee Mehr SK, Binder WH. Synthesis and characterization of polymer linked copper(I) bis(N
-heterocyclic carbene) mechanocatalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Michael
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4; Halle D-06120 Germany
| | - Shima Khazraee Sheidaee Mehr
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4; Halle D-06120 Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Lacktechnologie; Hochschule Niederrhein, Adlerstraße 1; Krefeld D-47798 Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4; Halle D-06120 Germany
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19
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Zhang H, Zhu Y, Chen J, Zhang S. Preparation of polyHIPE via CuAAC “click” chemistry and its application as a highly efficient adsorbent of Cu(II) ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Jianding Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shengmiao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
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20
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Liu Y, Shui X, Wang M, Zhang C, Wang Y. Rational design of soluble and clickable polymers prepared by conventional free radical polymerization of acetylene-functionalized acrylate. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02104b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soluble and clickable acetylene-functionalized polyacrylates were synthesized via conventional free radical polymerization of a rationally designed tertiary propargylic acrylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Xiaochuan Shui
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Yuechuan Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
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21
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Chen S, Döhler D, Binder WH. Rheology of hydrogen-bonded dendritic supramolecular polymer networks in the melt state. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Self-healing hyperbranched polytriazoles prepared by metal-free click polymerization of propiolate and azide monomers. Sci China Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-016-0251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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He QZ, Wang JY, Song L, Jian XG. Synthesis, curing and properties of poly(phthalazione ether sulfone ketone) copolymers crosslinked by click chemistry. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-016-1835-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Rana S, Döhler D, Nia AS, Nasir M, Beiner M, Binder WH. “Click”-Triggered Self-Healing Graphene Nanocomposites. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1715-1722. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sravendra Rana
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Institute of Chemistry; Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 Halle 06120 Germany
| | - Diana Döhler
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Institute of Chemistry; Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 Halle 06120 Germany
| | - Ali Shaygan Nia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Institute of Chemistry; Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 Halle 06120 Germany
| | - Mahmood Nasir
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Institute of Physics; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2 Halle 06120 Germany
| | - Mario Beiner
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Institute of Physics; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2 Halle 06120 Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Institute of Chemistry; Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 Halle 06120 Germany
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25
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Frenzel F, Folikumah MY, Schulz M, Anton AM, Binder WH, Kremer F. Molecular Dynamics and Charge Transport in Polymeric Polyisobutylene-Based Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Falk Frenzel
- Institute
of Experimental Physics I, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Makafui Y. Folikumah
- Institute
of Chemistry, Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Matthias Schulz
- Institute
of Chemistry, Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - A. Markus Anton
- Institute
of Experimental Physics I, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute
of Chemistry, Macromolecular Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Friedrich Kremer
- Institute
of Experimental Physics I, Leipzig University, Linnéstrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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26
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Li GL, Yu R, Qi T, Möhwald H, Shchukin DG. Double-Shelled Polymer Nanocontainers Decorated with Poly(ethylene glycol) Brushes by Combined Distillation Precipitation Polymerization and Thiol–Yne Surface Chemistry. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Liang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Max Planck
Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Wissenschaftspark Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Ran Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Max Planck
Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Wissenschaftspark Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Tao Qi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Max Planck
Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Wissenschaftspark Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Helmuth Möhwald
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Max Planck
Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Wissenschaftspark Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry G. Shchukin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Max Planck
Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Wissenschaftspark Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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27
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Neumann S, Döhler D, Ströhl D, Binder WH. Chelation-assisted CuAAC in star-shaped polymers enables fast self-healing at low temperatures. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01818h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The achievement of self-healing (SH) under ambient conditions (low temperature, no external input of energy) still presents a significant area of research, and is enabledvia“click”-type crosslinking reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Neumann
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry
- Physics and Mathematics)
| | - D. Döhler
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry
- Physics and Mathematics)
| | - D. Ströhl
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry
- Physics and Mathematics)
| | - W. H. Binder
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry
- Physics and Mathematics)
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28
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Döhler D, Rana S, Rupp H, Bergmann H, Behzadi S, Crespy D, Binder WH. Qualitative sensing of mechanical damage by a fluorogenic “click” reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11076-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05390d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A simple and unique damage-sensing tool mediated by a Cu(i)-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reaction is reported, where a fluorogenic “click”-reaction highlights physical damage by a strong fluorescence increase accompanied by in situ monitoring of localized self-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Döhler
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Sravendra Rana
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Harald Rupp
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Henrik Bergmann
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
| | - Shahed Behzadi
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers
- Mainz D-55128
- Germany
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers
- Mainz D-55128
- Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
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29
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Hillewaere XK, Du Prez FE. Fifteen chemistries for autonomous external self-healing polymers and composites. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Michael
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin‐Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg, von Danckelmann‐Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale) (Germany)
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute of Chemistry, Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin‐Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg, von Danckelmann‐Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale) (Germany)
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31
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Michael P, Binder WH. A Mechanochemically Triggered “Click” Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13918-22. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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32
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Döhler D, Peterlik H, Binder WH. A dual crosslinked self-healing system: Supramolecular and covalent network formation of four-arm star polymers. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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33
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34
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Shaygan Nia A, Rana S, Döhler D, Jirsa F, Meister A, Guadagno L, Koslowski E, Bron M, Binder WH. Carbon-Supported Copper Nanomaterials: Recyclable Catalysts for Huisgen [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions. Chemistry 2015; 21:10763-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Haldar U, Bauri K, Li R, Faust R, De P. Polyisobutylene-Based pH-Responsive Self-Healing Polymeric Gels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8779-88. [PMID: 25844579 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates the successful application of dynamic covalent chemistry for the construction of self-healing gels from side-chain primary amine leucine pendant diblock copolymers of polyisobutylene (PIB) ((P(H2N-Leu-HEMA)-b-PIB)) in the presence of PIB based dialdehyde functionalized cross-linker (HOC-PIB-CHO) through imine (-HC═N-) bond formation without aiding any external stimuli. Gels were synthesized in 1,4-dioxane at room temperature at varied wt % of gelator concentration, [H2N]/[CHO] ratios and molecular weight of the block segments. The mechanical property of gels was examined by rheological measurements. We observed higher value of storage modulus (G') than the loss modulus (G″) within the linearity limits of deformation, indicating the rheological behavior in the gel is dominated by an elastic property rather than a viscous property. The G' values significantly depend upon the extent of cross-linking in the gel network. To establish self-healing property of the gels, rheology analysis through step-strain measurements (strain = 0.1 to 200%) at 25 °C was performed. The polymeric gel network shows reversible sol-gel transition for several cycles by adjusting the pH of the medium with the help of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and triethylamine (Et3N) triggers. FT-IR spectroscopy established formation of imine bonds in the gel network and these gels showed poor swelling behavior in various organic solvents because of the small interstitial porosity, confirmed by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal Haldar
- †Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Kamal Bauri
- †Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Ren Li
- ‡Polymer Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Rudolf Faust
- ‡Polymer Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Priyadarsi De
- †Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, Nadia, West Bengal India
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36
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Saikia BJ, Dolui SK. Preparation and characterization of an azide–alkyne cycloaddition based self-healing system via a semiencapsulation method. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17666b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An azide–alkyne cycloaddition based self-healing system was designed by a semiencapsulation method.
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37
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Reshmi S, Arunan E, Nair CPR. Azide and Alkyne Terminated Polybutadiene Binders: Synthesis, Cross-linking, and Propellant Studies. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie502035u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Reshmi
- Polymers
and Special Chemicals Group, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, Kerala, India
| | - E. Arunan
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - C. P. Reghunadhan Nair
- Polymers
and Special Chemicals Group, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, Kerala, India
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38
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Sunitha K, Mathew D, Reghunadhan Nair CP. Phenolic-epoxy matrix curable by click chemistry-synthesis, curing, and syntactic foam composite properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayyurkarathi Sunitha
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Group, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Thiruvananthapuram 695 022 India
| | - Dona Mathew
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Group, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Thiruvananthapuram 695 022 India
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39
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Accurso AA, Delaney M, O'Brien J, Kim H, Iovine PM, Díaz DD, Finn MG. Improved Metal-Adhesive Polymers from Copper(I)-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. Chemistry 2014; 20:10710-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Ghasdian N, Ward MA, Georgiou TK. Well-defined “clickable” copolymers prepared via one-pot synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7114-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02660h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel propargyl-functional block copolymers were prepared via a fast and easy one-pot synthesis without the need to protect the propargyl functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Ghasdian
- Department of Chemistry, Surfactant and Colloid Group, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, Hull, UK
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41
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Vasiliu S, Kampe B, Theil F, Dietzek B, Döhler D, Michael P, Binder WH, Popp J. Insights into the mechanism of polymer coating self-healing using Raman spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 68:541-548. [PMID: 25014597 DOI: 10.1366/13-07332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Self-healing polymer coatings are an emerging class of smart materials. Upon mechanical damage the material properties may be restored by self-healing, which can be triggered externally, e.g., by an increased temperature. An alternative approach relies on embedding capsules with repair agents into the polymers, the rupture of which is induced by the mechanical damage, and the release of the repair agents triggers the self-repair reaction. The work at hand presents in situ Raman spectroscopic investigations on the reaction dynamics in such self-healing polymer coatings. Analysis of the Raman spectra allows one to assign specific Raman bands characteristic for the progress of the self-healing reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Vasiliu
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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42
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Shaygan Nia A, Rana S, Döhler D, Noirfalise X, Belfiore A, Binder WH. Click chemistry promoted by graphene supported copper nanomaterials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:15374-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07774a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly dispersed copper nanoparticles immobilized graphene nanosheets were prepared and used as a recyclable and reusable heterogeneous catalyst with excellent catalytic activity to achieve Cu(i)-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition “click” chemistry under both solvent and bulk conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shaygan Nia
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle, Germany
| | - Sravendra Rana
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle, Germany
| | - Diana Döhler
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle, Germany
| | | | | | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics)
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle, Germany
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43
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44
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Zhao Y, Döhler D, Lv LP, Binder WH, Landfester K, Crespy D. Facile Phase-Separation Approach to Encapsulate Functionalized Polymers in Core-Shell Nanoparticles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Diana Döhler
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 D-06120 Halle Germany
| | - Li-Ping Lv
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics); Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg; von-Danckelmann-Platz 4 D-06120 Halle Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 D-55128 Mainz Germany
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45
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Sukumaran SC, Sunitha K, Mathew D, Reghunadhan Nair CP. Acrylic copolymers crosslinked by click chemistry: Some aspects of synthesis, curing, and crosslinking. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Smitha C. Sukumaran
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Group; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum-695022 India
| | - K. Sunitha
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Group; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum-695022 India
| | - Dona Mathew
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Group; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum-695022 India
| | - C. P. Reghunadhan Nair
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Group; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum-695022 India
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Abstract
The research on self-healing polymers has been a hot topic. The encapsulated-monomer/catalyst, supramolecular self-assembly, and reversible or dynamic covalent bond formation are the prevailingly adopted strategies. The alternative of irreversible covalent bond formation is, however, to be further developed. In this contribution, self-healing hyperbranched poly(aroyltriazole)s of PI and PII sharing such mechanism were developed. The polymers were synthesized by our developed metal-free click polymerizations of bis(aroylacetylene)s and triazide. They are processible and have excellent film-forming ability. High quality homogeneous films and sticks free from defects could be obtained by casting. The scratched films could be self-repaired upon general heating. The cut films and sticks could be healed by stacking or pressing the halves together at elevated temperature. Thus, these hyperbranched polymers could find broad applications in diverse areas, and our design concept for self-healing materials should be generally applicable to other hyperbranched polymers with reactive groups on their peripheries.
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Billiet S, Hillewaere XKD, Teixeira RFA, Du Prez FE. Chemistry of Crosslinking Processes for Self-Healing Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 34:290-309. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Hackethal K, Herbst F, Binder WH. Synthesis and clustering of supramolecular “graft” polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Herbst F, Seiffert S, Binder WH. Dynamic supramolecular poly(isobutylene)s for self-healing materials. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20265d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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