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Li X, İlk S, Linares-Pastén JA, Liu Y, Raina DB, Demircan D, Zhang B. Synthesis, Enzymatic Degradation, and Polymer-Miscibility Evaluation of Nonionic Antimicrobial Hyperbranched Polyesters with Indole or Isatin Functionalities. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2256-2271. [PMID: 33900740 PMCID: PMC8382248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
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Most macromolecular
antimicrobials are ionic and thus lack miscibility/compatibility
with nonionic substrate materials. In this context, nonionic hyperbranched
polyesters (HBPs) with indole or isatin functionality were rationally
designed, synthesized, and characterized. Antimicrobial disk diffusion
assay indicated that these HBPs showed significant antibacterial activity
against 8 human pathogenic bacteria compared to small molecules with
indole or isatin groups. According to DSC measurements, up to 20%
indole-based HBP is miscible with biodegradable polyesters (polyhydroxybutyrate
or polycaprolactone), which can be attributed to the favorable hydrogen
bonding between the N–H moiety of indole and the C=O
of polyesters. HBPs with isatin or methylindole were completely immiscible
with the same matrices. None of the HBPs leaked out from plastic matrix
after being immersed in water for 5 days. The incorporation of indole
into HBPs as well as small molecules facilitated their enzymatic degradation
with PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis, while isatin
had a complex impact. Molecular docking simulations of monomeric molecules
with PETase revealed different orientations of the molecules at the
active site due to the presence of indole or isatin groups, which
could be related to the observed different enzymatic degradation behavior.
Finally, biocompatibility analysis with a mammalian cell line showed
the negligible cytotoxic effect of the fabricated HBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Li
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sedef İlk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240 Niǧde, Turkey.,School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Glycoscience, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier A Linares-Pastén
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Deepak Bushan Raina
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Deniz Demircan
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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3
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Cho SH, Yang SK. Water-soluble polyglycerol-dendronized poly(norbornene)s with functional side-chains. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9452-9457. [PMID: 31709435 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01800j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High molecular weight polyglycerol-dendronized poly(norbornene)s (PGD-PNBs) were prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene monomers containing amine functional groups on the side-chains followed by dendron growth from the olefins of PNB backbones using iterative dihydroxylation and allylation. The fourth-generation PGD-PNB with a degree of polymerization of ca. 500 is thus functionalized with 16 peripheral hydroxyl groups as well as a single amine on each repeat unit of the PNB backbone. Furthermore, the amine functionality could be used to install hydrophobic fluorophores such as coumarin and pyrene, thereby obtaining the final PGD-PNB structures which are highly water-soluble and fluorescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Cho
- Department of Chemistry Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Si Kyung Yang
- Department of Chemistry Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
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Messmer D, Sánchez-Ferrer A, Tacke S, Yu H, Nüsse H, Klingauf J, Wepf R, Kröger M, Halperin A, Mezzenga R, Schlüter AD. Can one determine the density of an individual synthetic macromolecule? SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6547-6556. [PMID: 31359025 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01220f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendronized polymers (DPs) are large and compact main-chain linear polymers with a cylindrical shape and cross-sectional diameters of up to ∼15 nm. They are therefore considered molecular objects, and it was of interest whether given their experimentally accessible, well-defined dimensions, the density of individual DPs could be determined. We present measurements on individual, deposited DP chains, providing molecular dimensions from scanning and transmission electron microscopy and mass-per-length values from quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy. These results are compared with density values obtained from small-angle X-ray scattering on annealed bulk specimen and with classical envelope density measurements, obtained using hydrostatic weighing or a density gradient column. The samples investigated comprise a series of DPs with side groups of dendritic generations g = 1-8. The key findings are a very large spread of the density values over all samples and methods, and a consistent increase of densities with g over all methods. While this work highlights the advantages and limitations of the applied methods, it does not provide a conclusive answer to the question of which method(s) to use for the determination of densities of individual molecular objects. We are nevertheless confident that these first attempts to answer this challenging question will stimulate more research into this important aspect of polymer and soft matter science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Messmer
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Antoni Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Food and Soft Materials, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Sebastian Tacke
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Harald Nüsse
- Institute of Medial Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klingauf
- Institute of Medial Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roger Wepf
- Institute of Medial Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Kröger
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Avraham Halperin
- Laboratoire de Spectrometrie Physique, CNRS University Joseph Fourier, BP 87, 38402 Saint Martin d'Hères cedex, France
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Food and Soft Materials, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - A Dieter Schlüter
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Messmer D, Bertran O, Kissner R, Alemán C, Schlüter AD. Main-chain scission of individual macromolecules induced by solvent swelling. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6125-6139. [PMID: 31360419 PMCID: PMC6585601 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01639b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a comprehensive investigation of main-chain scission processes affecting peripherally charged and neutral members of a class of dendronized polymers (DPs) studied in our laboratory. In these thick, sterically highly congested macromolecules, scission occurs by exposure to solvents, in some cases at room temperature, in others requiring modest heating. Our investigations rely on gel permeation chromatography and atomic force microscopy and are supported by molecular dynamics simulations as well as by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Strikingly, DP main-chain scission depends strongly on two factors: first the solvent, which must be highly polar to induce scission of the DPs, and second the dendritic generation g. In DPs of generations 1 ≤ g ≤ 8, scission occurs readily only for g = 5, no matter whether the polymer is charged or neutral. Much more forcing conditions are required to induce degradation in DPs of g ≠ 5. We propose solvent swelling as the cause for the main-chain scission in these individual polymer molecules, explaining in particular the strong dependence on g: g < 5 DPs resemble classical polymers and are accessible to the strongly interacting, polar solvents, whereas g > 5 DPs are essentially closed off to solvent due to their more closely colloidal character. g = 5 DPs mark the transition between these two regimes, bearing strongly sterically congested side chains which are still solvent accessible to some degree. Our results suggest that, even in the absence of structural elements which favour scission such as cross-links, solvent swelling may be a generally applicable mechanochemical trigger. This may be relevant not only for DPs, but also for other types of sterically strongly congested macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Messmer
- Polymer Chemistry , Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland . ;
| | - Oscar Bertran
- Department of Physics , EETAC , Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , c/ Esteve Terrades, 7 , 08860 , Castelldefels , Spain
| | - Reinhard Kissner
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química (EEBE) , Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering , Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2 , 08019 , Barcelona , Spain
| | - A Dieter Schlüter
- Polymer Chemistry , Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland . ;
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7
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Messmer D, Kröger M, Schlüter AD. Pushing Synthesis toward the Maximum Generation Range of Dendritic Macromolecules. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Küchler A, Messmer D, Schlüter AD, Walde P. Preparation and Applications of Dendronized Polymer-Enzyme Conjugates. Methods Enzymol 2017; 590:445-474. [PMID: 28411648 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dendronized polymer-enzyme conjugates are large, water-soluble macromolecular structures built from a linear, fully synthetic, dendronized polymer (denpol), and several copies of enzyme molecules covalently bound to the peripheral functional groups of the denpol. Since denpol chains comprise repeating units with regularly branched side chains (dendrons), denpols have a cylindrical shape and are much thicker than conventional linear polymers. Depending on the dendron generation and chemical structure, denpols may have a large number of functional groups on their surface, exposed to the aqueous medium in which they are dissolved. Enzymes (and also other molecules) can be attached to these functional groups, for example, via a stable bis-aryl hydrazone (BAH) bond. The dendronized polymer scaffold might also serve as a nanoarmor and stabilize the delicate enzymes. One of the denpols which can be used for the preparation of denpol-enzyme conjugates is de-PG2. It has a poly(methacrylate) backbone and consists of second-generation dendrons with four peripheral amino groups in each repeating unit. The synthesis of de-PG2 and the preparation of a de-PG2 conjugate carrying BAH-linked proteinase K (proK), as an example, are described here for applications in the field of enzyme immobilization on solid surfaces. The nanoarmored enzyme-polymer conjugate indicated high stability and retention of enzymatic activity.
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Kim H, Bang KT, Choi I, Lee JK, Choi TL. Diversity-Oriented Polymerization: One-Shot Synthesis of Library of Graft and Dendronized Polymers by Cu-Catalyzed Multicomponent Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:8612-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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Perdih P, Kržan A, Žagar E. Synthesis of Dendronized Poly(l-Glutamate) via Azide-Alkyne Click Chemistry. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9040242. [PMID: 28773369 PMCID: PMC5502894 DOI: 10.3390/ma9040242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Poly(l-glutamate) (PGlu) was modified with a second-generation dendron to obtain the dendronized polyglutamate, P(Glu-D). Synthesized P(Glu-D) exhibited a degree of polymerization (DPn) of 46 and a 43% degree of dendronization. Perfect agreement was found between the P(Glu-D) expected structure and the results of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and size-exclusion chromatography coupled to a multi-angle light-scattering detector (SEC-MALS) analysis. The PGlu precursor was modified by coupling with a bifunctional building block (N3-Pr-NH2) in the presence of 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) coupling reagent. The second-generation polyamide dendron was prepared by a stepwise procedure involving the coupling of propargylamine to the l-lysine carboxyl group, followed by attaching the protected 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) building block to the l-lysine amino groups. The hydroxyl groups of the resulting second-generation dendron were quantitatively deprotected under mild acidic conditions. The deprotected dendron with an acetylene focal group was coupled to the pendant azide groups of the modified linear copolypeptide, P(Glu-N3), in a Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction to form a 1,4-disubstituted triazole. The dendronization reaction proceeded quantitatively in 48 hours in aqueous medium as confirmed by 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Perdih
- Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Andrej Kržan
- Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ema Žagar
- Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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11
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Smitha G, Sreekumar K. Highly functionalized heterogeneous dendrigraft catalysts with peripheral copper moieties for the facile synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles and 2,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra28046j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly functionalized heterogeneous copper loaded dendrigraft amidoamine catalyst for the synthesis of 2-substituted and 2,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Smitha
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Cochin University of Science and Technoogy
- Kochi-22
- India
| | - K. Sreekumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Cochin University of Science and Technoogy
- Kochi-22
- India
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12
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Mikhailova ME, Polushina GE, Mel’nikov AB, Lezov AV. Molecular and Conformational Properties of Dendronized Polymethacrylate in Organic Solvent. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2015.987905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Küchler A, Adamcik J, Mezzenga R, Schlüter AD, Walde P. Enzyme immobilization on silicate glass through simple adsorption of dendronized polymer–enzyme conjugates for localized enzymatic cascade reactions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06268c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of enzymes to a dendronized polymer via bis-aryl hydrazone bonds enables simple and stable enzyme immobilisation on unmodified glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Küchler
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Jozef Adamcik
- Laboratory of Food & Soft Materials
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology
- ETH Zürich
- 8092 Zürich
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Laboratory of Food & Soft Materials
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology
- ETH Zürich
- 8092 Zürich
| | - A. Dieter Schlüter
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Peter Walde
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry
- Department of Materials
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
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14
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Huo M, Ye Q, Che H, Sun M, Yuan J, Wei Y. Synthesis and self-assembly of CO2-responsive dendronized triblock copolymers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00868a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dendronized amphiphilic block copolymers POEGMA-b-P(Gn)-b-PDEAEMA were synthesized, and their self-assembly behavior could be regulated by the dendron generation, the type of common solvent, and CO2-stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Huo
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Qiquan Ye
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hailong Che
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Mengzhen Sun
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jinying Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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15
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Svenson S. The dendrimer paradox – high medical expectations but poor clinical translation. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4131-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00288e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review was written with the intention to critically evaluate the status of dendrimers as drug carriers and find answers as to why this class of compounds has not translated into the clinic despite 40 years of research.
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Kim J, Kim J, Lee J, Song HK, Yang C. Synthesis of a Redox-Active Denpol as a Potential Electrode in Rechargeable Organic Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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Yu H, Schlüter AD, Zhang B. Synthesis of High Generation Dendronized Polymers and Quantification of Their Structure Perfection. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma500821n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Materials,
Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, ETH Zürich, HCI G523, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A. Dieter Schlüter
- Department of Materials,
Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, ETH Zürich, HCI G523, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- Department of Materials,
Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, ETH Zürich, HCI G523, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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18
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Córdova-Mateo E, Bertran O, Zhang B, Vlassopoulos D, Pasquino R, Schlüter AD, Kröger M, Alemán C. Interactions in dendronized polymers: intramolecular dominates intermolecular. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:1032-1044. [PMID: 24983117 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52343h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to relate atomistic information to the rheological response of a large dendritic object, interand intramolecular hydrogen bonds and p,p-interactions have been characterized in a dendronized polymer (DP) that consists of a polymethylmethacrylate backbone with tree-like branches of generation four (PG4) and contains both amide and aromatic groups. Extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out on (i) an isolated PG4 chain and (ii) ten dimers formed by two PG4 chains associated with different degrees of interpenetration. Results indicate that the amount of nitrogen atoms involved in hydrogen bonding is ~11% while ~15% of aromatic groups participate in p,pinteractions. Furthermore, in both cases intramolecular interactions clearly dominate over intermolecular ones, while exhibiting markedly different behaviors. Specifically, the amount of intramolecular hydrogen bonds increases when the interpenetration of the two chains decreases, whereas intramolecular p,pinteractions remain practically insensitive to the amount of interpenetration. In contrast, the strength of the corresponding two types of intermolecular interactions decreases with interpenetration. Although the influence of complexation on the density and cross-sectional radius is relatively small, interpenetration affects significantly the molecular length of the DP. These results support the idea of treating DPs as long colloidal molecules.
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Roeser J, Heinrich B, Bourgogne C, Rawiso M, Michel S, Hubscher-Bruder V, Arnaud-Neu F, Méry S. Dendronized Polymers with Silver and Mercury Cations Recognition: Complexation Studies and Polyelectrolyte Behavior. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400348v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Roeser
- Institut de Physique
et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS
UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, BP43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire
Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7178, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique
et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS
UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, BP43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Cyril Bourgogne
- Institut de Physique
et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS
UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, BP43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Michel Rawiso
- Institut Charles
Sadron (ICS), CNRS UPR 22, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Sylvia Michel
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire
Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7178, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Véronique Hubscher-Bruder
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire
Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7178, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Françoise Arnaud-Neu
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire
Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7178, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Stéphane Méry
- Institut de Physique
et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS
UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, BP43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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20
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Zhang B, Yu H, Schlüter AD, Halperin A, Kröger M. Synthetic regimes due to packing constraints in dendritic molecules confirmed by labelling experiments. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1993. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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