1
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Bezold MG, Dollinger BR, DeJulius CR, Keech MC, Hanna AR, Kittel AR, Yu F, Gupta MK, D'Arcy R, Brunger JM, Duvall CL. Shear-thinning hydrogel for allograft cell transplantation and externally controlled transgene expression. Biomaterials 2024; 314:122812. [PMID: 39288619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
This work establishes the design of a fully synthetic, shear-thinning hydrogel platform that is injectable and can isolate engineered, allogeneic cell therapies from the host. We utilized RAFT to generate a library of linear random copolymers of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl azlactone (VDMA) with variable mol% VDMA and degree of polymerization. Poly(DMA-co-VDMA) copolymers were subsequently modified with either adamantane (Ad) or β-cyclodextrin (Cd) through amine-reactive VDMA to prepare hydrogel precursor macromers containing complementary guest-host pairing pendant groups that, when mixed, form shear-thinning hydrogels. Rheometric evaluation of the hydrogel library enabled identification of lead macromer structures comprising 15 mol% pendants (Ad or Cd) and a degree of polymerization of 1000; mixing of these Ad and Cd functionalized precursors yielded hydrogels possessing storage modulus above 1000 Pa, tan(δ) values below 1 and high yield strain, which are target characteristics of robust but injectable shear-thinning gels. This modular system proved amenable to nanoparticle integration with surface-modified nanoparticles displaying Ad. The addition of the Ad-functionalized nanoparticles simultaneously improved mechanical properties of the hydrogels and enabled extended hydrogel retention of a model small molecule in vivo. In studies benchmarking against alginate, a material traditionally used for cell encapsulation, the lead hydrogel showed significantly less fibrous encapsulation in a subcutaneous implant site. Finally, this platform was utilized to encapsulate and extend in vivo longevity of inducible transgene-engineered mesenchymal stem cells in an allogeneic transplant model. The hydrogels remained intact and blocked infiltration by host cells, consequently extending the longevity of grafted cell function relative to a benchmark, shear-thinning hyaluronic acid-based gel. In sum, the new synthetic, shear-thinning hydrogel system presented here shows potential for further development as an injectable platform for delivery and in situ drug modulation of allograft and engineered cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah G Bezold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Bryan R Dollinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Carlisle R DeJulius
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Megan C Keech
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Andrew R Hanna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Anna R Kittel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Mukesh K Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Richard D'Arcy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Jonathan M Brunger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
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2
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Fortenberry A, Mohammad SA, Werfel TA, Smith AE. Comparative Investigation of the Hydrolysis of Charge-Shifting Polymers Derived from an Azlactone-Based Polymer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200420. [PMID: 35820157 PMCID: PMC9780167 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone (PVDMA) has received much attention as a "reactive platform" to prepare charge-shifting polycations via post-polymerization modification with tertiary amines that possess primary amine or hydroxyl reactive handles. Upon hydrolysis of the resulting amide or ester linkages, the polymers can undergo a gradual transition in net charge from cationic to anionic. Herein, a systematic investigation of the hydrolysis rate of PVDMA-derived charge-shifting polymers is described. PVDMA is modified with tertiary amines bearing either primary amine, hydroxyl, or thiol reactive handles. The resulting polymers possess tertiary amine side chains connected to the backbone via amide, ester, or thioester linkages. The hydrolysis rates of each PVDMA derivative are monitored at 25 and 50 °C at pH values of 5.5, 7.5, and 8.5, respectively. While the hydrolysis rate of the amide-functionalized PVDMA is negligible over the period investigated, the hydrolysis rates of the ester- and thioester-functionalized PVDMA increase with increasing temperature and pH. Interestingly, the hydrolysis rate of the thioester-functionalized PVDMA appears to be more rapid than the ester-functionalized PVDMA at all pH values and temperatures investigated. It is believed that these results can be utilized to inform the future preparation of PVDMA-based charge-shifting polymers for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Fortenberry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Sk Arif Mohammad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Thomas A. Werfel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Adam E. Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
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3
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Jia L, Kilbey SM, Wang X. Tailoring Azlactone-Based Block Copolymers for Stimuli-Responsive Disassembly of Nanocarriers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10200-10209. [PMID: 32787052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles based on a reactive block copolymers (BCPs) of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) (PEG-b-PVDMA) have been fabricated for loading and controlled release of molecular cargoes. Microphase segregation of PEG-b-PVDMA BCPs enables the construction of well-defined nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. The azlactone groups in VDMA repeat units offer active sites for hydrophilization of the BCPs and functionalization by primary amines. The hydrophilization of PEG-b-PVDMA BCPs induces gradual reconstruction and dissociation of the BCP nanoparticles. Functional primary amines can be conjugated to PEG-b-PVDMA BCPs, yielding azobenzene- and pyridine-containing BCPs. The self-assembled nanoparticles made from the functionalized BCPs can disassemble in response to different external stimuli (e.g., addition of β-cyclodextrin and pH changes). The gradual reconstruction of functionalized PEG-b-PVDMA BCP nanoparticles caused by hydrolysis of residual azlactone groups provides a novel method to engineer sub-50 nm, well-dispersed, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles. These nanoparticles can incorporate molecular cargoes and release them upon external stimuli, making the azlactone-containing BCPs attractive platforms for the development of controlled delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangying Jia
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
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4
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Gardey E, Sobotta FH, Hoeppener S, Bruns T, Stallmach A, Brendel JC. Influence of Core Cross-Linking and Shell Composition of Polymeric Micelles on Immune Response and Their Interaction with Human Monocytes. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1393-1406. [PMID: 32084317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Block copolymer micelles have received increasing attention in the last decades, in particular for their appealing properties in nanomedicine. However, systematic investigations of the interaction between polymeric micelles and immune cells are still rare. Therefore, broader studies comparing the structural effects remain inevitable for a comprehensive understanding of the immune response and for the design of efficient, nonimmunogenic delivery systems. Here, we present novel block copolymer micelles with the same hydrophobic core, based on a copolymer of BA and VDM, and various hydrophilic shells ranging from common PEG derivatives to morpholine-based materials. The influence of these shells on innate immune responses was studied in detail. In addition, we investigated the impact of micelle stability by varying the cross-linking density in the micellar core. Surprisingly, whereas different shells had only a minor impact on immune response, micelles with reduced cross-linking density considerably enhanced the release of cytokines from isolated human monocytes. Moreover, the uptake of non-cross-linked micelles by monocytes was significantly higher as compared to cross-linked materials. Our study emphasizes the importance of the micellar stability on the interaction with the immune system, which is the key for any stealth properties in vivo. Polymers based on morpholines result in a similar low response as the PEG derivative and may represent an interesting alternative to the common PEGylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gardey
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabian H Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tony Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Medical Department III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stallmach
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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5
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Ścigalski F, Jędrzejewska B. Structural effect of oxazolone derivatives on the initiating abilities of dye-borate photoredox systems in radical polymerization under visible light. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21487-21494. [PMID: 35518722 PMCID: PMC9054382 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02230f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three photoinitiating systems based on new oxazolone derivatives have been developed and their performance in initiation of radical polymerization of acrylate monomers has been tested by differential scanning calorimetry. The absorption characteristics of the oxazol-5(4H)-ones is compatible with the emission characteristics of different light sources like diode pulse solid state lasers. Thus, the dyes were used as sensitizers which are photoreduced during a photochemical reaction in the presence of phenyltriethylborate salt. Results showed that the increase in the dimensionality of the molecule extends the range of light absorption and increases the efficiency of the photoinitiation process. The photoreduction of the oxazolone–borate complex was studied using steady-state and nanosecond laser flash photolysis. The dye singlet and triplet were found to be quenched by the electron donor via an electron transfer process. Rate constants for the quenching of the excited states were high and were found to depend on the dye structure. Three photoinitiating systems based on new oxazolone derivatives have been developed and their performance in initiation of radical polymerization of acrylate monomers has been tested by differential scanning calorimetry.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Ścigalski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- UTP University of Science and Technology
- 85-326 Bydgoszcz
- Poland
| | - B. Jędrzejewska
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- UTP University of Science and Technology
- 85-326 Bydgoszcz
- Poland
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6
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Grace JL, Amado M, Reid JC, Elliott AG, Landersdorfer CB, Truong NP, Kempe K, Cooper MA, Davis TP, Montembault V, Pascual S, Fontaine L, Velkov T, Quinn JF, Whittaker MR. An optimised Cu(0)-RDRP approach for the synthesis of lipidated oligomeric vinyl azlactone: toward a versatile antimicrobial materials screening platform. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6796-6809. [PMID: 31603181 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This report details the synthesis of lipidated 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxazolone (VDM) oligomers via an optimised Cu(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerisation approach, and the use of these oligomers as a versatile functional platform for the rapid generation of antimicrobial materials. The relative amounts of CuBr2 and Me6TREN were optimised to allow the fast and controlled polymerisation of VDM. These conditions were then used with the initiators ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate, dodecyl 2-bromoisobutyrate, and (R)-3-((2-bromo-2-methylpropanoyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl didodecanoate to synthesise a library of oligo(VDM) (degree of polymerisation = 10) with ethyl, dodecyl or diglyceride end-groups. Subsequently, ring-opening of the pendant oxazolone group with various amines (i.e., 2-(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-di-Boc-guanidine, 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, N-Boc-ethylenediamine, or N,N-dimethylethylenediamine) expanded the library to give 12 functional oligomers incorporating different cationic and lipid elements. The antimicrobial activities of these oligomers were assessed against a palette of bacteria and fungi: i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. The oligomers generally exhibited the greatest activity against the fungus, C. neoformans, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 μg mL-1 (comparable to the clinically approved antifungal fluconazole). To assess haemocompatibility, the oligomers were assayed against erythrocytes, with the primary amine or guanidine containing C12 and 2C12 oligomers exhibiting greater lysis against the red blood cells (HC10 values between 7.1 and 43 μg mL-1) than their imidazole and tertiary amine counterparts (HC10 of >217 μg mL-1). Oligomers showed the greatest selectivity for C. neoformans, with the C12- and 2C12-tertiary amine and C12-imidazole oligomers possessing the greatest selectivity of >54-109. These results demonstrate the utility of reactive oligomers for rapidly assessing structure-property relationships for antibacterial and antifungal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Grace
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Maite Amado
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Janet C Reid
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alysha G Elliott
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Cornelia B Landersdorfer
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia and Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nghia P Truong
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kristian Kempe
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Matthew A Cooper
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia and Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Véronique Montembault
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR 6283 CNRS - Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Sagrario Pascual
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR 6283 CNRS - Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Laurent Fontaine
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, UMR 6283 CNRS - Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Tony Velkov
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - John F Quinn
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Michael R Whittaker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Pde, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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7
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Zhong Y, Zeberl BJ, Wang X, Luo J. Combinatorial approaches in post-polymerization modification for rational development of therapeutic delivery systems. Acta Biomater 2018; 73:21-37. [PMID: 29654990 PMCID: PMC5985219 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The combinatorial polymer library approach has been proven to be effective for the optimization of therapeutic delivery systems. The library of polymers with chemical diversity has been synthesized by (i) polymerization of functionalized monomers or (ii) post-polymerization modification of reactive polymers. Most scientists have followed the first approach so far, and the second method has emerged as a versatile approach for combinatorial biomaterials discovery. This review focuses on the second approach, especially discussing the post-modifications that employ reactive polymers as templates for combinatorial synthesis of a library of functional polymers with distinct structural diversity or a combination of different functionalities. In this way, the functional polymers have a consistent chain length and distribution, which allows for systematic optimization of therapeutic delivery polymers for the efficient delivery of genes, small-molecule drugs, and protein therapeutics. In this review, the modification of representative reactive polymers for the delivery of different therapeutic payloads are summarized. The recent advances in rational design and optimization of therapeutic delivery systems based on reactive polymers are highlighted. This review ends with a summary of the current achievements and the prospect on future directions in applying the approach of post-polymerization modification of polymers to accelerate the development of therapeutic delivery systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE A strategy to rationally design and systematically optimize polymers for the efficient delivery of specific therapeutics is highly needed. The combinatorial polymer library approach could be an effective way to this end. The post-polymerization modification of reactive polymer precursors is applicable for the combinatorial synthesis of a library of functional polymers with distinct structural diversity across a consistent degree of polymerization. This allows for parallel comparison and systematic evaluation/optimization of functional polymers for efficient therapeutic delivery. This review summarizes the key elements of this combinatorial polymer synthesis approach realized by post-polymerization modification of reactive polymer precursors towards the development and identification of optimal polymers for the efficient delivery of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Brian J Zeberl
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Juntao Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States; Upstate Cancer Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States.
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8
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Wang X, Davis JL, Aden BM, Lokitz BS, Kilbey SM. Versatile Synthesis of Amine-Reactive Microgels by Self-Assembly of Azlactone-Containing Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Bradley S. Lokitz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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9
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Kratochvil MJ, Carter MCD, Lynn DM. Amine-Reactive Azlactone-Containing Nanofibers for the Immobilization and Patterning of New Functionality on Nanofiber-Based Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:10243-10253. [PMID: 28234454 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the design of amine-reactive polymer nanofibers and nonwoven reactive nanofiber mats fabricated by the electrospinning of azlactone-functionalized polymers. We demonstrate that randomly oriented nanofibers fabricated using a random copolymer of methyl methacrylate and 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone contain intact and reactive azlactone groups that can be used to introduce new chemical functionality and modulate important interfacial properties of these materials (e.g., wetting behaviors) by postfabrication treatment with primary amine-based nucleophiles. The facile and "click-like" nature of these reactions permits functionalization under mild conditions without substantial changes to nanofiber or mat morphologies. This approach also enables the patterning of new functionality on mat-coated surfaces by treatment with bulk solutions of primary amines or by using methods such as microcontact printing. Further, these reactive mats can also, themselves, be contact-transferred or "printed" onto secondary surfaces by pressing them into contact with other amine-functionalized objects. Finally, we demonstrate that functionalization with hydrophobic amines can increase the stability of these materials in aqueous environments and yield hydrophobic nanofiber scaffolds useful for the design of "slippery" liquid-infused materials. The approaches reported here enable the introduction of new properties to reactive polymer mats after fabrication and, thus, reduce the need to synthesize individual functional polymers prior to electrospinning to achieve new properties. The azlactone chemistry used here broadens the scope of reactions that can be used to functionalize polymer nanofibers and is likely to prove general. We anticipate that this approach can be used with a range of amines or other nucleophiles (e.g., alcohols or thiols) to design nanofibers and reactive nanofiber-based materials with new physical properties, surface features, and behaviors that may be difficult to achieve by the direct electrospinning of conventional materials or other functional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Kratochvil
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew C D Carter
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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10
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Aden B, Kite CM, Hopkins BW, Zetterberg A, Lokitz BS, Ankner JF, Kilbey SM. Assessing Chemical Transformation of Reactive, Interfacial Thin Films Made of End-Tethered Poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl azlactone) (PVDMA) Chains. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Aden
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ∥Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Camille M. Kite
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ∥Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Benjamin W. Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ∥Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anna Zetterberg
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ∥Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bradley S. Lokitz
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ∥Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - John F. Ankner
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ∥Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and ∥Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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11
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Weeks CA, Aden B, Kilbey SM, Janorkar AV. Synthesis and Characterization of an Array of Elastin-like Polypeptide–Polyelectrolyte Conjugates with Varying Chemistries and Amine Content for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:2196-2206. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Andrew Weeks
- Department
of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
| | - Bethany Aden
- Departments
of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 322 Buehler Hall, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Departments
of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 322 Buehler Hall, 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Amol V. Janorkar
- Department
of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
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12
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Choi JW, Carter MCD, Wei W, Kanimozi C, Speetjens FW, Mahanthappa MK, Lynn DM, Gopalan P. Self-Assembly and Post-Fabrication Functionalization of Microphase Separated Thin Films of a Reactive Azlactone-Containing Block Copolymer. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W. Choi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, 1509 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew C. D. Carter
- Department
of Chemistry, 1101 University
Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, 1509 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Catherine Kanimozi
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, 1509 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Frank W. Speetjens
- Department
of Chemistry, 1101 University
Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mahesh K. Mahanthappa
- Department
of Chemistry, 1101 University
Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, 421 Washington Ave. S.E., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - David M. Lynn
- Department
of Chemistry, 1101 University
Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Padma Gopalan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, 1509 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, 1101 University
Avenue, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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13
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First investigation of modified poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)s as kinetic hydrate inhibitors. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Zayas-Gonzalez YM, Lynn DM. Degradable Amine-Reactive Coatings Fabricated by the Covalent Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) with Degradable Polyamine Building Blocks. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3067-75. [PMID: 27525718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report the fabrication of reactive and degradable cross-linked polymer multilayers by the reactive/covalent layer-by-layer assembly of a non-degradable azlactone-functionalized polymer [poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone), PVDMA] with hydrolytically or enzymatically degradable polyamine building blocks. Fabrication of multilayers using PVDMA and a hydrolytically degradable poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) containing primary amine side chains yielded multilayers (∼100 nm thick) that degraded over ∼12 days in physiologically relevant media. Physicochemical characterization and studies on stable films fabricated using PVDMA and an analogous non-degradable poly(amidoamine) suggested that erosion occurred by chemical hydrolysis of backbone esters in the PBAE components of these assemblies. These degradable assemblies also contained residual amine-reactive azlactone functionality that could be used to impart new functionality to the coatings post-fabrication. Cross-linked multilayers fabricated using PVDMA and the enzymatically degradable polymer poly(l-lysine) were structurally stable for prolonged periods in physiological media, but degraded over ∼24 h when the enzyme trypsin was added. Past studies demonstrate that multilayers fabricated using PVDMA and non-degradable polyamines [e.g., poly(ethylenimine)] enable the design and patterning of useful nano/biointerfaces and other materials that are structurally stable in physiological media. The introduction of degradable functionality into PVDMA-based multilayers creates opportunities to exploit the reactivity of azlactone groups for the design of reactive materials and functional coatings that degrade or erode in environments that are relevant in biomedical, biotechnological, and environmental contexts. This "degradable building block" strategy should be general; we anticipate that this approach can also be extended to the design of amine-reactive multilayers that degrade upon exposure to specific chemical triggers, selective enzymes, or contact with cells by judicious design of the degradable polyamine building blocks used to fabricate the coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashira M Zayas-Gonzalez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States , and
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States , and.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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15
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Synthesis of a new donor-acceptor-donor functionalized alkoxyamine and its use in a reversibly supported catalytic hybrid system for ATRP of MMA. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Carter MCD, Jennings J, Appadoo V, Lynn DM. Synthesis and Characterization of Backbone Degradable Azlactone-Functionalized Polymers. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. D. Carter
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - James Jennings
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Visham Appadoo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M. Lynn
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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17
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Barkakaty B, Browning KL, Sumpter B, Uhrig D, Karpisova I, Harman KW, Ivanov I, Hensley DK, Messman JM, Kilbey SM, Lokitz BS. Amidine-Functionalized Poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) for Selective and Efficient CO2 Fixing. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balaka Barkakaty
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | | | - Bobby Sumpter
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - David Uhrig
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Ivana Karpisova
- Department
of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics
and Informatics, Comenius University, 84248 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kevin W. Harman
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Ilia Ivanov
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Dale K. Hensley
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jamie M. Messman
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | | | - Bradley S. Lokitz
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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18
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Wang X, Yuan S, Guo Y, Shi D, Jiang T, Yan S, Ma J, Shi H, Luan S, Yin J. Facile fabrication of bactericidal and antifouling switchable chitosan wound dressing through a ‘click’-type interfacial reaction. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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Schmitt SK, Xie AW, Ghassemi RM, Trebatoski DJ, Murphy WL, Gopalan P. Polyethylene Glycol Coatings on Plastic Substrates for Chemically Defined Stem Cell Culture. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1555-64. [PMID: 25995154 PMCID: PMC5172397 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a widely available and clinically relevant cell type with a host of applications in regenerative medicine. Current clinical expansion methods can lead to selective changes in hMSC phenotype potentially resulting from relatively undefined cell culture surfaces. Chemically defined synthetic surfaces can aid in understanding the influence of cell-material interactions on stem cell behavior. Here, a thin copolymer coating for hMSC culture on plastic substrates is developed. The random copolymer is synthesized by living free radical polymerization and characterized in solution before application to the substrate, ensuring a homogeneous coating and limiting the sample-to-sample variations. The ability to coat multiple substrate types and cover large surface areas is reported. Arg-Gly-Asp-containing peptides are incorporated into the coating under aqueous conditions via their lysine or cysteine side chains, resulting in amide and thioester linkages, respectively. Stability studies show amide linkages to be stable and thioester linkages to be labile under standard serum-containing culture conditions. In addition, chemically defined passaging of hMSCs using only ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on polystyrene dishes is shown. After passage, the hMSCs can be seeded back onto the same plate, indicating potential reusability of the coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K Schmitt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Angela W Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Raha M Ghassemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - David J Trebatoski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Padma Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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20
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Quek JY, Liu X, Davis TP, Roth PJ, Lowe AB. RAFT-prepared α-difunctional poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)s and their derivatives: synthesis and effect of end-groups on aqueous inverse temperature solubility. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01108b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five R-group di-functional dithiobenzoates have been prepared and used in the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang Quek
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
| | - Xuechao Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville
- Australia
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Peter J. Roth
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW Australia
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
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21
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Singh A, Corvelli M, Unterman SA, Wepasnick KA, McDonnell P, Elisseeff JH. Enhanced lubrication on tissue and biomaterial surfaces through peptide-mediated binding of hyaluronic acid. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:988-95. [PMID: 25087069 PMCID: PMC6317357 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lubrication is key for the efficient function of devices and tissues with moving surfaces, such as articulating joints, ocular surfaces and the lungs. Indeed, lubrication dysfunction leads to increased friction and degeneration of these systems. Here, we present a polymer-peptide surface coating platform to non-covalently bind hyaluronic acid (HA), a natural lubricant in the body. Tissue surfaces treated with the HA-binding system exhibited higher lubricity values, and in vivo were able to retain HA in the articular joint and to bind ocular tissue surfaces. Biomaterials-mediated strategies that locally bind and concentrate HA could provide physical and biological benefits when used to treat tissue-lubricating dysfunction and to coat medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudha Singh
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael Corvelli
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Shimon A. Unterman
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kevin A. Wepasnick
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Peter McDonnell
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jennifer H. Elisseeff
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: , Johns Hopkins University, Wilmer Eye Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Smith Building, Rm. 5035, 400 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21231
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22
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van Hensbergen JA, Burford RP, Lowe AB. ROMP (co)polymers with pendent alkyne side groups: post-polymerization modification employing thiol–yne and CuAAC coupling chemistries. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00604f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of copolymers via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) containing pendent trimethylsilyl-protected alkyne functional groups is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes A. van Hensbergen
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW AUSTRALIA
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert P. Burford
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW AUSTRALIA
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design
- UNSW AUSTRALIA
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney, Australia
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23
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Quek JY, Zhu Y, Roth PJ, Davis TP, Lowe AB. RAFT Synthesis and Aqueous Solution Behavior of Novel pH- and Thermo-Responsive (Co)Polymers Derived from Reactive Poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) Scaffolds. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4013187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang Quek
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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24
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Zhu Y, Quek JY, Lowe AB, Roth PJ. Thermoresponsive (Co)polymers through Postpolymerization Modification of Poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone). Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401096r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Zhu
- Centre for
Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jing Yang Quek
- Centre for
Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- Centre for
Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Peter J. Roth
- Centre for
Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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25
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Broderick AH, Carter MCD, Lockett MR, Smith LM, Lynn DM. Fabrication of oligonucleotide and protein arrays on rigid and flexible substrates coated with reactive polymer multilayers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:351-9. [PMID: 23237360 PMCID: PMC3553252 DOI: 10.1021/am302285n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a top-down approach to the fabrication of oligonucleotide and protein arrays on surfaces coated with ultrathin, amine-reactive polymer multilayers fabricated by the covalent "layer-by-layer" (LbL) assembly of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the amine-reactive, azlactone-functionalized polymer poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) (PVDMA). Manual spotting of amine-terminated oligonucleotide probe sequences on planar glass slides coated with PEI/PVDMA multilayers (~35 nm thick) yielded arrays of immobilized probes that hybridized fluorescently labeled complementary sequences with high signal intensities, high signal-to-noise ratios, and high sequence specificity. Treatment of residual azlactone functionality with the nonfouling small-molecule amine d-glucamine resulted in regions between the features of these arrays that resisted adsorption of protein and permitted hybridization in complex media containing up to 10 mg/mL protein. The residual azlactone groups in these films were also exploited to immobilize proteins on film-coated surfaces and fabricate functional arrays of proteins and enzymes. The ability to deposit PEI/PVDMA multilayers on substrates of arbitrary size, shape, and composition permitted the fabrication of arrays of oligonucleotides on the surfaces of multilayer-coated sheets of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and heat-shrinkable polymer film. Arrays fabricated on these flexible plastic substrates can be bent, cut, resized, and manipulated physically in ways that are difficult using more conventional rigid substrates. This approach could thus contribute to the development of new assay formats and new applications of biomolecule arrays. The methods described here are straightforward to implement, do not require access to specialized equipment, and should also be compatible with automated liquid-handling methods used to fabricate higher-density arrays of oligonucleotides and proteins on more traditional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Broderick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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26
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Jones MW, Richards SJ, Haddleton DM, Gibson MI. Poly(azlactone)s: versatile scaffolds for tandem post-polymerisation modification and glycopolymer synthesis. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20757e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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27
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Gardner CM, Brown CE, Stöver HDH. Synthesis and properties of water‐soluble azlactone copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Casandra M. Gardner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carla E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harald D. H. Stöver
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Lokitz BS, Wei J, Hinestrosa JP, Ivanov I, Browning JF, Ankner JF, Kilbey SM, Messman JM. Manipulating Interfaces through Surface Confinement of Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly(vinyldimethylazlactone), a Dually Reactive Block Copolymer. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300991p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley S. Lokitz
- Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jifeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa 50112, United States
| | - Juan Pablo Hinestrosa
- Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Ilia Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - James F. Browning
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road,
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - John F. Ankner
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road,
Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,
United States
| | - Jamie M. Messman
- Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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29
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Laquièvre A, Allaway NS, Lyskawa J, Woisel P, Lefebvre JM, Fournier D. Highly efficient ring-opening reaction of azlactone-based copolymer platforms for the design of functionalized materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:848-55. [PMID: 22508541 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Azlactone-based homopolymers and copolymers were successfully synthesized using the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process. The functional monomer 2-styryl-4,4-dimethylazlactone (SDA) was first homopolymerized in bulk then copolymerized with styrene, leading to (co)polymers with low polydispersity indices (PDI = 1.10-1.20). The reactive azlactone rings, located along the backbone of the copolymers were subjected to highly efficient ring-opening reactions with functionalized primary amine derivatives incorporating a fluorescent (naphthalene) or an electrochemical (ferrocene) probes, a biological fragment (glutathione), a sugar unit (β-cyclodextrin), or an oligomeric fluorinated moiety, leading to materials with various interesting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Laquièvre
- Université Lille Nord de France, 59000 Lille, France, USTL, Unité des Matériaux Et Transformations (UMET, UMR 8207), Ingénierie des Systèmes polymères Team, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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30
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Prai-in Y, Tankanya K, Rutnakornpituk B, Wichai U, Montembault V, Pascual S, Fontaine L, Rutnakornpituk M. Azlactone functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles using ATRP and their bioconjugation. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Buck ME, Lynn DM. Azlactone-Functionalized Polymers as Reactive Platforms for the Design of Advanced Materials: Progress in the Last Ten Years. Polym Chem 2012; 3:66-80. [PMID: 29492112 PMCID: PMC5826603 DOI: 10.1039/c1py00314c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymers functionalized with azlactone (or oxazolone) functionality have become increasingly useful for the rapid and modular design of functional materials. Because azlactones can react via ring-opening reactions with a variety of different nucleophilic species (e.g., primary amines, hydroxyl groups, and thiol functionality), azlactone-functionalized materials can serve as convenient 'reactive' platforms for the post-synthesis or post-fabrication introduction of a broad range of chemical functionality to soluble polymers, insoluble supports, and surfaces/interfaces. The last decade has seen an increase in both the number and the variety of reports that exploit the properties and the reactivities of azlactone-functionalized polymers. Here, we highlight recent work from several different laboratories, including our own, toward the design and characterization of azlactone-functionalized polymers, with a particular emphasis on: (i) new synthetic approaches for the preparation of well-defined azlactone-functionalized polymers using living/controlled methods of polymerization, (ii) the design and modular synthesis of side-chain functionalized polymers and block copolymers via post-polymerization modification of azlactone-functionalized polymers, (iii) the development of reactive polymeric supports useful in the contexts of separations and catalysis, and (iv) methods for the fabrication of reactive thin films and other approaches to the immobilization of azlactone functionality on surfaces and interfaces. Examples discussed herein reveal a growing awareness of azlactone functionality as a useful tool for polymer chemists, and highlight several ways that the unique reactivity of these materials can both complement and provide useful alternatives to other reactive polymers currently used to design functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren E Buck
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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Buck ME, Lynn DM. Layer-by-Layer Fabrication of Covalently Crosslinked and Reactive Polymer Multilayers Using Azlactone-Functionalized Copolymers: A Platform for the Design of Functional Biointerfaces. ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2011; 13:B343-B352. [PMID: 30034272 PMCID: PMC6052878 DOI: 10.1002/adem.201080085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a method for modulating the physicochemical properties of surfaces that is based on the reactive layer-by-layer fabrication of covalently crosslinked thin films using azlactone-functionalized copolymers. We demonstrate that copolymers containing different molar ratios of methylmethacrylate (MMA) and 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone (VDMA) can be alternately deposited with poly(ethyleneimine) to assemble covalently crosslinked thin films. Characterization using ellipsometry demonstrates that, in general, film growth and thickness decrease as the content of reactive, azlactone functionality in the copolymer used to assemble the film decreases. Reflective infrared spectroscopy experiments demonstrate that films fabricated from MMA:VDMA copolymers contain residual azlactone functionality and that these reactive groups can be exploited to modify film-coated surfaces. Fabricating films from MMA:VDMA copolymers containing different compositions permitted modulation of the density of reactive groups within the films and, thus, the extent to which the films are functionalized by exposure to small molecule amines. For example, functionalization of MMA:VDMA copolymer films with the small molecule D-glucamine resulted in films with water contact angles that varied with the composition of the copolymer used to fabricate the film (e.g., as the azlactone content in the film increased, glucamine-modified films became more hydrophilic). We demonstrate further that treatment of copolymer-containing films with glucamine resulted in changes in the numbers of mammalian cells that grow on the surfaces of the films. Our results suggest the basis of methods that could be used to modulate or tune the density of chemical and biological functionality presented on surfaces of interest in a variety of fundamental and applied contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren E Buck
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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Gardner CM, Stöver HDH. Reactive Polyanions Based on Poly(4,4-dimethyl-2-vinyl-2-oxazoline-5-one-co-methacrylic acid). Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201409t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Casandra M. Gardner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Harald D. H. Stöver
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
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Saurer EM, Flessner RM, Buck ME, Lynn DM. Fabrication of Covalently Crosslinked and Amine-Reactive Microcapsules by Reactive Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Azlactone-Containing Polymer Multilayers on Sacrificial Microparticle Templates. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 2011; 21:1736-1745. [PMID: 21383867 PMCID: PMC3048458 DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02633f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on the fabrication of covalently crosslinked and amine-reactive hollow microcapsules using 'reactive' layer-by-layer assembly to deposit thin polymer films on sacrificial microparticle templates. Our approach is based on the alternating deposition of layers of a synthetic polyamine and a polymer containing reactive azlactone functionality. Multilayered films composed of branched poly(ethylene imine) (BPEI) and poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone) (PVDMA) were fabricated layer-by-layer on the surfaces of calcium carbonate and glass microparticle templates. After fabrication, these films contained residual azlactone functionality that was accessible for reaction with amine-containing molecules. Dissolution of the calcium carbonate or glass cores using aqueous ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) or hydrofluoric acid (HF), respectively, led to the formation of hollow polymer microcapsules. These microcapsules were robust enough to encapsulate and retain a model macromolecule (FITC-dextran) and were stable for at least 22 hours in high ionic strength environments, in low and high pH solutions, and in several common organic solvents. Significant differences in the behaviors of capsules fabricated on CaCO(3) and glass cores were observed and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Whereas capsules fabricated on CaCO(3) templates collapsed upon drying, capsules fabricated on glass templates remained rigid and spherical. Characterization using EDS suggested that this latter behavior results, at least in part, from the presence of insoluble metal fluoride salts that are trapped or precipitate within the walls of capsules after etching of the glass cores using HF. Our results demonstrate that the assembly of BPEI/PVDMA films on sacrificial templates can be used to fabricate reactive microcapsules of potential use in a wide range of fields, including catalysis, drug and gene delivery, imaging, and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Saurer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Ho TH, Levere M, Soutif JC, Montembault V, Pascual S, Fontaine L. Synthesis of thermoresponsive oxazolone end-functional polymers for reactions with amines using thiol-Michael addition “click” chemistry. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Levere ME, Ho HT, Pascual S, Fontaine L. Stable azlactone-functionalized nanoparticles prepared from thermoresponsive copolymers synthesized by RAFT polymerization. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00320h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pascual S, Blin T, Saikia PJ, Thomas M, Gosselin P, Fontaine L. Block copolymers based on 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-5-oxazolone by RAFT polymerization: Experimental and computational studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sun B, Liu X, Buck ME, Lynn DM. Azlactone-functionalized polymers as reactive templates for parallel polymer synthesis: synthesis and screening of a small library of cationic polymers in the context of DNA delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:2016-8. [PMID: 20221477 DOI: 10.1039/b921664b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Azlactone-functionalized polymers are used as reactive templates for the synthesis of a library of amine-functionalized polymers of interest in the context of DNA delivery and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Lokitz BS, Messman JM, Hinestrosa JP, Alonzo J, Verduzco R, Brown RH, Osa M, Ankner JF, Kilbey SM. Dilute Solution Properties and Surface Attachment of RAFT Polymerized 2-Vinyl-4,4-dimethyl Azlactone (VDMA). Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9015399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley S. Lokitz
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Jamie M. Messman
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Juan Pablo Hinestrosa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0909
| | - José Alonzo
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Rafael Verduzco
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - Rebecca H. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Masashi Osa
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 615-8510
| | - John F. Ankner
- Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
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