1
|
Taylor NM, Pilkington GA, Snow T, Dowding PJ, Cattoz BN, Schwarz AD, Bikondoa O, Vincent B, Briscoe WH. Surface forces and friction between Langmuir-Blodgett polymer layers in a nonpolar solvent. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:1432-1443. [PMID: 37804612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of boundary lubrication by tuning the confined molecular structures formed by surface-active additives such as surfactants and polymers is of key importance to improving energy efficiency in mechanical processes. Here, using the surface forces apparatus (SFA), we have directly measured the normal and shear forces between surface layers of a functionalised olefin copolymer (FOCP) in n-dodecane, deposited onto mica using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The FOCP has an olefin backbone decorated with a statistical distribution of polar-aromatic groups, with a structure that we term as "centipede". The effect of lateral confinement, characterised by the surface pressure, Πdep, at the air-water interface at which the LB films are transferred, was examined. Normal force profiles revealed that the thickness of the LB films increased significantly with Πdep, with the film thickness (t > 20 nm) inferring a multi-layered film structure, consistent with the interfacial characterisation results from synchrotron X-ray reflectivity (XRR) measurements. The coefficient of friction, µ, between the LB films spanned two orders of magnitude from superlubricity (µ ∼ 0.002) to much higher friction (µ > 0.1) depending nonlinearly on Πdep, with the lowest friction observed at the intermediate Πdep. Molecular arrangement upon LB compression leads to the multilayer film with a structure akin to an interfacial gel, with transient crosslinking facilitated by the intra- and inter-molecular interactions between the functional groups. We attribute the differences in frictional behaviour to the different prevalence of the FOCP functional groups at the lubricating interface, which depends sensitively on the degree of compression at the air-water interface prior to the LB deposition. The LB films remain intact after repeated compression (up to pressures of 10 MPa) and shear cycles, indicating strong surface anchorage and structural robustness as a load-bearing and shear-mediating boundary layer. These unprecedented results from the friction measurements between LB films of a statistical copolymer in oil point towards new strategies for tailoring macromolecular architecture for mediating efficient energy dissipation in oil-based tribological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Taylor
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Georgia A Pilkington
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Tim Snow
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Peter J Dowding
- Infineum UK Ltd, Milton Hill Business and Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX13 6BB, UK
| | - Beatrice N Cattoz
- Infineum UK Ltd, Milton Hill Business and Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX13 6BB, UK
| | - Andrew D Schwarz
- Infineum UK Ltd, Milton Hill Business and Technology Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX13 6BB, UK
| | - Oier Bikondoa
- XMaS, The UK CRG Beamline, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Brian Vincent
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Wuge H Briscoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao XJ, Gao ZF. A Theoretical Investigation on the pH Responses of Strong Polyelectrolyte Brushes. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x19030209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
3
|
Thomas RK, Penfold J. Thermodynamics of the Air–Water Interface of Mixtures of Surfactants with Polyelectrolytes, Oligoelectrolytes, and Multivalent Metal Electrolytes. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:12411-12427. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b10350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert K. Thomas
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - J. Penfold
- STFC, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton,
Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RA, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sprouse D, Jiang Y, Laaser JE, Lodge TP, Reineke TM. Tuning Cationic Block Copolymer Micelle Size by pH and Ionic Strength. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:2849-59. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Sprouse
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yaming Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jennifer E. Laaser
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy P. Lodge
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dickhaus BN, Priefer R. Determination of polyelectrolyte pKa values using surface-to-air tension measurements. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
6
|
Raffa P, Wever DAZ, Picchioni F, Broekhuis AA. Polymeric Surfactants: Synthesis, Properties, and Links to Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:8504-63. [PMID: 26182291 DOI: 10.1021/cr500129h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Raffa
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Polymer Institute DPI , P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Diego Armando Zakarias Wever
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Polymer Institute DPI , P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Picchioni
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antonius A Broekhuis
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Product Technology, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kabachii YA, Kochev SY, Lenenko ND, Zaikovskii VI, Golub AS, Antipin MY, Valetskii PM. Synthesis and study of self-organization of organo-inorganic nanostructures based on cationic poly(meth)acrylates and molybdenum disulfide single layers. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090413020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
8
|
Moglianetti M, Li P, Malet FLG, Armes SP, Thomas RK, Titmuss S. Interaction of polymer and surfactant at the air-water interface: poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) and sodium dodecyl sulfate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:12892-12898. [PMID: 18925760 DOI: 10.1021/la8020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between the weak polyelectrolyte, poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) or PDMAEMA, and the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at the air-water interface have been investigated at pH = 3 and 9 using a combination of neutron reflectivity and surface tension measurements. By using deuterated PDMAEMA in combination with h-SDS and d-SDS, we have been able to directly determine the distribution of both the polymer and the surfactant at the air-water interface. At pH = 3, the polyelectrolyte is positively charged while at pH = 9 it is essentially uncharged. The enhancement in the adsorption of SDS at low coverage suggests that surface active polymer surfactant complexes are forming and adsorbing at the interface. This leads to close to monolayer adsorption of SDS, suggesting that it is surfactant monomers that are complexing with polymers that are in extended conformations parallel to the surface. As the concentration of SDS in the mixtures changes so does the surfactant content of the complexes, which affects the surface activity and hence the coverage of the complexes. Multilayer structures are formed at SDS concentrations of 0.1 and 1 mM, for pH = 3 and 9, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Moglianetti
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu G, Wu D, Ma C, Zhang G, Wang H, Yang S. Insight into the Origin of the Thermosensitivity of Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]. Chemphyschem 2007; 8:2254-9. [PMID: 17879258 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200700464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of pH and temperature on the conformational changes of poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEM) chains at the air/water interface by using Langmuir balance and sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy. At pH 4, the tertiary amine groups are fully charged and the PDEM chains are so hydrophilic that they completely enter into the water phase and do not exhibit thermosensitivity. At pH 7, these groups are only partially charged, and the accompanying hydration/dehydration--followed by repartitioning into the water and air phases--gives rise to a marked thermosensitivty. Finally, at pH 10, the tertiary amine groups become uncharged and thus preferentially stay in the hydrophobic air phase, devoid of associated water molecules, which results in the surface-pressure change (DeltaPi) being nearly independent of the temperature. Our Langmuir-balance experiments, coupled with surface-sensitive spectroscopy, demonstrate that: 1) the thermosensitivity of the PDEM chains relates to the hydration/dehydration of the tertiary amine groups, 2) the phase transition of thermosensitive polymers is most likely initiated by the dehydration of the chains, and 3) the phase transition of thermosensitive polymers at the air/water interface is markedly different from that in aqueous solution because of the redistribution of the macromolecular segments induced by the asymmetric forces at the air/water interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Penfold J, Tucker I, Thomas RK, Taylor DJF, Zhang XL, Bell C, Breward C, Howell P. The interaction between sodium alkyl sulfate surfactants and the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte, polyDMDAAC, at the air-water interface: the role of alkyl chain length and electrolyte and comparison with theoretical predictions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:3128-36. [PMID: 17249706 DOI: 10.1021/la063016x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of alkyl chain length and electrolyte on the adsorption of sodium alkyl sulfate surfactants and the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte, polyDMDAAC, at the air-water interface has been investigated by surface tension and neutron reflectivity. The variations in the patterns of adsorption and surface tension behavior with alkyl chain length and electrolyte are discussed in the context of the competition between the formation of surface active surfactant/polyelectrolyte complexes and polyelectrolyte/surfactant micelle complexes in solution. A theoretical approach based on the law of mass action has been used to predict the surface effects arising from the competition between the formation of polyelectrolyte/surfactant surface and solution complexes and the formation of free surfactant micelles. This relatively straightforward model is shown to reproduce the principal features of the experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Penfold
- ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OXON, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kaewsaiha P, Matsumoto K, Matsuoka H. Nanostructure and transition of a strong polyelectrolyte brush at the air/water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:20-4. [PMID: 17190479 DOI: 10.1021/la061444x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The strong polyelectrolyte layer in the monolayer of ionic amphiphilic diblock copolymers at the air/water interface consists of carpet and brush layers when the brush density is satisfactorily high like that of the weak acid polymer. Also, a drastic structural change was induced by the addition of salt to the brush layer. In this study, the critical brush density for the transition between "carpet-only" and "carpet + brush" structures for the strongly ionic amphiphilic diblock copolymer, poly(hydrogenated isoprepene)-b-poly(styrene sulfonic acid) sodium salt, monolayer was measured by an in situ X-ray reflectivity technique. The critical brush density was found to be about 0.12 nm-2, which is lower than that observed for a weak acid polymer and, unlike the weak acid polymer, is independent of the hydrophilic chain length. This difference might be attributed to the strong ionic nature of the brush chain. In addition, the reversibility of the transition was confirmed. The effect of salt addition to the nanostructure of the carpet layer was examined in detail. No structural change was found, indicating that most of the ionic groups in the carpet layer do not show an ionic nature because of counterion condensation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ploysai Kaewsaiha
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hodges CS, Neville F, Konovalov O, Hammond RB, Gidalevitz D, Hamley IW. Structural analysis of PEO-PBO copolymer monolayers at the air-water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:8821-5. [PMID: 17014123 DOI: 10.1021/la060632k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
X-ray reflectivity (XR) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) have been used to examine an oxyethylene-b-oxybutylene (E(23)B(8)) copolymer film at the air-water interface. The XR data were fitted using both a one- and a two-layer model that outputted the film thickness, roughness, and electron density. The best fit to the experimental data was obtained using a two-layer model (representing the oxyethylene and oxybutylene blocks, respectively), which showed a rapid thickening of the copolymer film at pressures above 7 mN/m. The large roughness values found indicate a significant degree of intermixing between the blocks and back up the GIXD data, which showed no long range lateral ordering within the layer. It was found from the electron density model results that there is a large film densification at 7 mN/m, possibly suggesting conformational changes within the film, even though no such change occurs on the pressure-area isotherm at the same surface pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris S Hodges
- Institute for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaewsaiha P, Matsumoto K, Matsuoka H. Non-surface activity and micellization of ionic amphiphilic diblock copolymers in water. Hydrophobic chain length dependence and salt effect on surface activity and the critical micelle concentration. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:9938-45. [PMID: 16229512 DOI: 10.1021/la051584r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We reported previously (Macromolecules 2003, 36, 5321; Langmuir, 2004, 20, 7412) that amphiphilic diblock copolymers having polyelectrolytes as a hydrophilic segment show almost no surface activity but form micelles in water. In this study, to further investigate this curious and novel phenomenon in surface and interface science, we synthesized another water-soluble ionic amphiphilic diblock copolymer poly(hydrogenated isoprene)-b-sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) PIp-h2-b-PSSNa by living anionic polymerization. Several diblock copolymers with different hydrophobic chain lengths were synthesized and the adsorption behavior at the air/water interface was investigated using surface tension measurement and X-ray reflectivity. A dye-solubilization experiment was carried out to detect the micelle formation. We found that the polymers used in this study also formed micelles above a certain polymer concentration (cmc) without adsorption at the air-water interface under a no-salt condition. Hence, we further confirmed that this phenomenon is universal for amphiphilic ionic block copolymer although it is hard to believe from current surface and interface science. For polymers with long hydrophobic chains (more than three times in length to hydrophilic chain), and at a high salt concentration, a slight adsorption of polymer was observed at the air-water interface. Long hydrophobic chain polymers showed behavior "normal" for low molecular weight ionic surfactants with increasing salt concentration. Hence, the origin of this curious phenomenon might be the macroionic nature of the hydrophilic part. Dynamic light scattering analysis revealed that the hydrodynamic radius of the block copolymer micelle was not largely affected by the addition of salt. The hydrophobic chain length-cmc relationship was found to be unusual; some kind of transition point was found. Furthermore, very interestingly, the cmc of the block copolymer did not decrease with the increase in salt concentration, which is in clear contrast to the fact that cmc of usual ionic small surfactants decreases with increasing salt concentration (Corrin-Harkins law). These behaviors are thought to be the special, but universal, characteristics of ionic amphiphilic diblock copolymers, and the key factor is thought to be a balance between the repulsive force from the water surface by the image charge effect and the hydrophobic adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ploysai Kaewsaiha
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mouri E, Matsumoto K, Matsuoka H, Torikai N. Nanostructure of a "carpet"-like dense layer/polyelectrolyte brush layer in a block copolymer monolayer at the air-water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:1840-1847. [PMID: 15723480 DOI: 10.1021/la040028e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The "carpet"/brush double layer structure in the polyelectrolyte layer in the amphiphilic diblock copolymer monolayer at the air-water interface was quantitatively studied by in situ neutron reflectometry in addition to X-ray reflectivity measurements. As a result of the higher contrast between polyelectrolyte [poly(methacrylic acid)] and solvent (D(2)O) for the neutron, the brush structure could be estimated more accurately as a function of surface pressure, that is, brush density. The thickness of the carpet layer, which is thought to be formed to reduce the interfacial free energy between water and the hydrophobic layer, was almost constant at 10-20 A at any surface pressure studied. Growth was clearly observed in the whole brush length with increasing surface pressure, and it was estimated to be almost 60% of the full-stretch length of the ionic polymer chain. Furthermore, by the comparison of density profiles by neutron and X-ray reflectometry, an anomalous hydration was suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Mouri
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mouri E, Kaewsaiha P, Matsumoto K, Matsuoka H, Torikai N. Effect of salt concentration on the nanostructure of weak polyacid brush in the amphiphilic polymer monolayer at the air/water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:10604-10611. [PMID: 15544391 DOI: 10.1021/la047847j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effect of salt concentration on the nanostructure of a spread monolayer of ionic amphiphilic diblock copolymer, (diethylsilacyclobutane)m-b-(methacrylic acid)n, at the air-water interface was directly investigated by in situ X-ray reflectivity and neutron reflectivity techniques. Previously, we had found that a poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) hydrophilic layer under the water was not in the form of a simple polyelectrolyte brush but consisted of a dense carpet upper layer and a diffuse brush lower layer when the hydrophilic chain was long enough. Here we observed this double layer formation in the monolayer in aqueous NaCl solution at a constant surface pressure. The effect of salt added to the subphase differed with the salt concentrations, that is, below or above 0.1 M. In the presence of NaCl up to 0.1 M, both the hydrophobic layer and brush layer thicknesses decreased. On the other hand, both of them increased in the presence of NaCl above 0.1 M. Also, the carpet layer thickness was almost constant independent of the salt concentration. In addition, the brush top roughness showed a maximum in the presence of 0.1 M NaCl. The increase of the charge number on the PMAA chain and the screening effect of the Coulomb interaction by added salt ions were considered to be responsible for these phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Mouri
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kaewsaiha P, Matsumoto K, Matsuoka H. Synthesis and nanostructure of strong polyelectrolyte brushes in amphiphilic diblock copolymer monolayers on a water surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:6754-6761. [PMID: 15274582 DOI: 10.1021/la0491145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized an ionic amphiphilic diblock copolymer, poly(hydrogenated isoprene)-b-poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PIp-h2-b-PSS), by living anionic polymerization, and the nanostructure of its monolayer spread on a water surface was directly investigated by the in situ X-ray reflectivity technique. The monolayer of the diblock copolymer on a water surface had a smooth hydrophobic PIp-h2 layer on water and a "carpet"/polymer brush double layer in a hydrophilic sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSSNa) layer under the water. The surface pressure dependence and PSSNa chain length dependence of the PIp-h2 layer thickness and the brush nanostructure were quantitatively studied. The effect of salt concentration in the subphase was also investigated in aqueous solutions containing 0-2 M NaCl. The salt effect on monolayer structure occurred at around 0.2 M. The thickness of the PSS brush layer decreased at salt concentrations above 0.2 M, while no structural change was observed below 0.2 M. This critical salt concentration is thought to be related to the balance of ionic concentrations inside the brush and in bulk solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ploysai Kaewsaiha
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of amphiphilic diblock copolymer emulsifiers based on methoxy hexa(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and benzyl methacrylate. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
18
|
Mouri E, Matsumoto K, Matsuoka H. Carpetlike dense-layer formation in a polyelectrolyte brush at the air/water interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.10561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
Narrainen AP, Pascual S, Haddleton DM. Amphiphilic diblock, triblock, and star block copolymers by living radical polymerization: Synthesis and aggregation behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
20
|
Busse K, Kressler J, van Eck D, Höring S. Synthesis of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers Based on tert-Butyl Methacrylate and 2-(N-Methylperfluorobutanesulfonamido)ethyl Methacrylate and Its Behavior in Water. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0116809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
An SW, Thomas RK, Baines FL, Billingham NC, Armes SP, Penfold J. Neutron Reflectivity of an Adsorbed Water-Soluble Block Copolymer at the Air/Water Interface: The Effects of pH and Ionic Strength. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9809033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - J. Penfold
- ISIS, CCLRC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon., OX11 0QX, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
An SW, Su TJ, Thomas RK, Baines FL, Billingham NC, Armes SP, Penfold J. Neutron Reflectivity of an Adsorbed Water-Soluble Block Copolymer: A Surface Transition to Micelle-like Aggregates at the Air/Water Interface. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp971277x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J. Penfold
- ISIS, CCLRC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon. OX11 0QX, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Baines FL, Armes SP, Billingham NC, Tuzar Z. Micellization of Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-block-methyl methacrylate) Copolymers in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma960740l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona L. Baines
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Norman C. Billingham
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Zdenek Tuzar
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9QJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|