1
|
|
2
|
Tompkins BD, Fisher ER. Evaluation of polymer hydrophobic recovery behavior following H2O plasma processing. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan D. Tompkins
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523-1872
| | - Ellen R. Fisher
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado State University; Fort Collins Colorado 80523-1872
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yun J, Park YH, Bae TS, Lee S, Lee GH. Fabrication of a completely transparent and highly flexible ITO nanoparticle electrode at room temperature. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:164-172. [PMID: 23214976 DOI: 10.1021/am302341p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the fabrication of a highly flexible indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode that is completely transparent to light in the visible spectrum. The electrode was fabricated via the formation of a novel ITO nanoarray structure, consisting of discrete globular ITO nanoparticles superimposed on an agglomerated ITO layer, on a heat-sensitive polymer substrate. The ITO nanoarray spontaneously assembled on the surface of the polymer substrate by a simple sputter coating at room temperature, without nanolithographic or solution-based assembly processes being required. The ITO nanoarray exhibited a resistivity of approximately 2.3 × 10(-3) Ω cm and a specular transmission of about 99% at 550 nm, surpassing all previously reported values of these parameters in the case of transparent porous ITO electrodes synthesized via solution-based processes at elevated temperatures. This novel nanoarray structure and its fabrication methodology can be used for coating large-area transparent electrodes on heat-sensitive polymer substrates, a goal unrealizable through currently available solution-based fabrication methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jungheum Yun
- Advanced Functional Thin Film Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yun J, Bae TS, Kwon JD, Lee S, Lee GH. Antireflective silica nanoparticle array directly deposited on flexible polymer substrates by chemical vapor deposition. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:7221-7230. [PMID: 23073117 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32381h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the direct coating of a novel antireflective (AR) nanoarray structure of silica nanoparticles on highly flexible polymer substrates by a conventional vacuum coating method using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Globular-shaped silica nanoparticles are found to be self-arranged in a periodic pattern on subwavelength scales without the use of artificial assemblies that typically require complicated nanolithography or solution-based nanoparticle fabrication approaches. Highly efficient AR characteristics in the visible spectral range are obtained at optimized refractive indices by controlling the dimensions and average distances of the silica nanoparticle arrays in a level accuracy of tens of nanometers. The AR nanoarrays exhibit sufficient structural durability against the very high strain levels that arise from the flexibility of polymer substrates. This simple coating process provides a cost-effective, high-throughput, room-temperature fabrication solution for producing large-area polymer substrates with AR characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jungheum Yun
- Advanced Functional Thin Film Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-831, South Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schofield W, Badyal J. Plasmachemical oxygenation of porous polymer surfaces for stable hydrophilicity and enhanced liquid absorption. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
6
|
Kormunda M, Pavlik J. Characterization of oxygen and argon ion flux interaction with PET surfaces by in-situ XPS and ex-situ FTIR. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
7
|
Baytekin HT, Wirth T, Gross T, Sahre M, Unger WES, Theisen J, Schmidt M. Surface analytical characterization of micro-fluidic devices hot embossed in polymer wafers: Surface chemistry and wettability. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
8
|
Dudek MM, Gandhiraman RP, Volcke C, Cafolla AA, Daniels S, Killard AJ. Plasma surface modification of cyclo-olefin polymers and its application to lateral flow bioassays. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11155-61. [PMID: 19735157 DOI: 10.1021/la901455g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The modification of cyclo-olefin polymer Zeonor by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition to form a silica-like surface and evaluation of its application for lateral flow bioassays applications are discussed in this study. The SiOx layer was extensively characterized using contact angle measurements, atomic force microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total internal reflectance mode where the presence of a uniform SiOx film was clearly identified. The SiOx modification resulted in a surface with enhanced wettability and excellent fluidic properties when combined with a hot-embossed micropillar capillary fill-based substrate. The SiOx surface also had the ability to accelerate the clotting of human plasma, which may have application in certain types of blood coagulation assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Dudek
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yun J, Jeong Y, Lee GH. Direct synthesis of silicon oxide nanowires on organic polymer substrates. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:365606. [PMID: 19687544 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/36/365606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A nanowire growth model assisted by polymer reconstruction was discovered and used to achieve the direct synthesis of amorphous silicon oxide nanowires (SiONWs) on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates at low growth temperatures (no more than 150 degrees C) using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The reconstructed polymers were generated from the scission and recombination of polymer chains on the surface of PET substrates under active Ar:O(2) plasma in the PECVD process. The highly ordered nanowire arrays exhibited an excellent geometrical configuration that is comparable to that of SiONWs grown on Si substrates at temperatures higher than 1000 degrees C by using conventional vapor deposition methods with various metal catalysts. A promising optical property-strong photoluminescence in the violet-blue spectral range at room temperature-was detected in the nanowires. This might lead to breakthroughs in the fabrication of electronic and optical nanoscale devices on flexible polymer substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yun
- Materials Processing Division, Korean Institute of Materials Science, 531 Changwondaero, Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-831, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tarik Baytekin H, Wirth T, Gross T, Treu D, Sahre M, Theisen J, Schmidt M, Unger WES. Determination of wettability of surface-modified hot-embossed polycarbonate wafers used in microfluidic device fabrication via XPS and ToF-SIMS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
11
|
Larsson A, Dérand H. Stability of polycarbonate and polystyrene surfaces after hydrophilization with high intensity oxygen RF plasma. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 246:214-21. [PMID: 16290402 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2001.8032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2001] [Accepted: 10/05/2001] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A general drawback observed with plasma treatment is the limited stability of the hydrophilic-treated surfaces toward washing, storage, or heating. It has recently been found that oxygen, air, or argon radiofrequency plasmas with higher intensities than normally used can give hydrophilic surfaces having good wash stability. High intensity oxygen plasma treatment of polystyrene and polycarbonate surfaces was therefore carried out using two different capacitively coupled RF reactors with internal shelf electrodes. The obtained surface characteristics and stability were evaluated using contact angle measurements, XPS, AFM, and nanoindentation. For both materials, low water contact angles were found to correlate with high surface oxygen content. Only the surfaces exposed to relatively intense treatments, with self-bias voltages above 140 V (polystyrene) or 240 V (polycarbonate), could withstand washing in ethanol and remain highly hydrophilic. Substantial amounts of nonsoluble material were observed on the plastic substrates after treatment. Furthermore, for polycarbonate Young's modulus of the surface was found to increase with increasing intensity of the plasma. These observations were taken as an indication that extensive cross-linking of the surface layer took place. After more than 6 months of storage, the samples treated with the most intense plasmas (self-bias voltages in the range of 480-600 V) still had water contact angles around 20 degrees .
Collapse
|
12
|
Burtovyy O, Klep V, Chen H, Hu R, Lin C, Luzinov I. Hydrophobic Modification of Polymer Surfaces via “Grafting to” Approach. J MACROMOL SCI B 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00222340601044326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Burtovyy
- a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, SC
| | - Viktor Klep
- a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, SC
| | - Hung‐Chang Chen
- b Department of Product Development and Promotion , Taiwan Textile Research Institute , Taipei County, Taiwan
| | - Ruey‐Kai Hu
- b Department of Product Development and Promotion , Taiwan Textile Research Institute , Taipei County, Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Chu Lin
- b Department of Product Development and Promotion , Taiwan Textile Research Institute , Taipei County, Taiwan
| | - Igor Luzinov
- a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, SC
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Almazán-Almazán MC, Paredes JI, Pérez-Mendoza M, Domingo-García M, López-Garzón FJ, Martínez-Alonso A, Tascón JMD. Effects of oxygen and carbon dioxide plasmas on the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate). J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 287:57-66. [PMID: 15914148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2004] [Revised: 01/11/2005] [Accepted: 01/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) was exposed to oxygen and carbon dioxide plasmas for different periods of time. The surface-modified samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and inverse gas-solid chromatography. The main difference between both types of plasma was connected to the time scale of degradation, which was much faster when using oxygen plasma. Aggregate globular features were produced by different treatments due to chain scission and further recombination of evolved products. Oxygenated functionalities were introduced in significant amounts after long exposure times to the oxygen plasma. As a consequence, the specific component of the surface free energy was clearly observed to increase after these long treatments.
Collapse
|
14
|
Almazán-Almazán MC, Paredes JI, Pérez-Mendoza M, Domingo-García M, Fernández-Morales I, Martínez-Alonso A, López-Garzón FJ. Surface Characteristics of Activated Carbons Obtained by Pyrolysis of Plasma Pretreated PET. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:11327-33. [PMID: 16771403 DOI: 10.1021/jp056946i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Activated carbon materials have been prepared by pyrolysis of plasma pretreated recycled PET. The obtained carbon materials have been texturally characterized by N2 (77 K) and CO2 (273 K) adsorption. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) have been used to analyze the surface of the treated precursors. Carbon materials obtained by He, N2, and CO2 plasma pretreatments (4 min) of the precursor and subsequent pyrolysis have shown a higher adsorption capacity than the corresponding chars (untreated pyrolised PET). This effect seems to be related to the elimination by the plasma treatments of low-molecular-weight products in the precursor, which are responsible for the formation of amorphous carbon deposits during the carbonization that blocks the porosity. Longer periods of treatment (15 min) do not favor the opening of the microporosity because cross-linking reactions in the precursor producing high molecular weight deposits prevail. The development of porosity is less relevant if oxygen plasma is used, as a considerable amount of oxygen functionalities are also formed. These groups can decompose during pyrolysation producing the above-mentioned amorphous carbon deposits. The textural characteristics of the carbon materials obtained after 4 min of plasma treatment on the precursor are very similar to those obtained after 4 h of CO2 (1073 K) activation of the same char. Therefore, this method can be an alternative to avoid the burnoff and high energy cost of the activation step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Almazán-Almazán
- Departamento de Química Inorganica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Millan MD, Locklin J, Fulghum T, Baba A, Advincula RC. Polymer thin film photodegradation and photochemical crosslinking: FT-IR imaging, evanescent waveguide spectroscopy, and QCM investigations. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
Surface recovery and degradation of air dielectric barrier discharge processed poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(ether ether ketone) films. Polym Degrad Stab 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
17
|
Kim S, Lee KJ, Seo Y. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surface functionalization by low-energy ion-beam irradiation under a reactive O2 environment and its effect on the PEEK/copper adhesives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:157-163. [PMID: 15745014 DOI: 10.1021/la035396h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A low-energy Ar+ ion beam was used to modify the surface of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) film. The modification reaction proceeded with or without oxygen gas injected during the irradiation. The surface functional groups of the modified PEEK were confirmed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as increasing various oxygen-containing functional groups. The concentration of the functional groups varied rapidly with the irradiation time, reached a maximum value, and then slowly decreased. The surface morphology of PEEK was substantially changed by ion-beam irradiation. Surface smoothening occurred so that the surface roughness reached almost constant value after some irradiation time. The incorporation of functional groups on the PEEK surface and the surface topology change had opposite effects on the adhesion strength between PEEK and copper. Dominance of the former was evident because the lap-shear strength initially increased with the irradiation. The special surface features significantly enhanced the adhesion strength between the evaporated copper layer and the modified PEEK surface. However, the decrease in the surface roughness with a long time irradiation implies a decrease in adhesion strength due to a smaller contact area, and the shear strength due to topology change also slowly decreased after a long time irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sehyun Kim
- Supercomputational Modeling and Simulation Laboratory, Future Technology Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Banik I, Kim KS, Yun YI, Kim DH, Ryu CM, Park CS, Sur GS, Park CE. A closer look into the behavior of oxygen plasma-treated high-density polyethylene. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00847-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
19
|
Johansson BL, Larsson A, Ocklind A, Öhrlund Å. Characterization of air plasma-treated polymer surfaces by ESCA and contact angle measurements for optimization of surface stability and cell growth. J Appl Polym Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/app.11209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
20
|
Hyun J, Pope M, Smith J, Park M, Cuomo JJ. Ultrathin DLC and SiOx layer deposition on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and restriction of surface dynamics. J Appl Polym Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000228)75:9<1158::aid-app9>3.0.co;2-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
21
|
Hyun J, Barletta P, Koh K, Yoo S, Oh J, Aspnes DE, Cuomo JJ. Effect of Ar+ ion beam in the process of plasma surface modification of PET films. J Appl Polym Sci 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1097-4628(20000822)77:8<1679::aid-app4>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
22
|
Non-destructive imaging of delicate polymer surfaces using scanning force microscopy tips modified with hydrophobic self-assembled monolayers. POLYMER 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
23
|
Boyd RD, Badyal JPS. Nonequilibrium Plasma Treatment of Miscible Polystyrene/Poly(phenylene oxide) Blends. Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma961347i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Boyd
- Chemistry Department, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - J. P. S. Badyal
- Chemistry Department, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Boyd RD, Kenwright AM, Badyal JPS, Briggs D. Atmospheric Nonequilibrium Plasma Treatment of Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene. Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma960940x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Boyd
- Chemistry Department, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K
| | - A. M. Kenwright
- Chemistry Department, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K
| | - J. P. S. Badyal
- Chemistry Department, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K
| | - D. Briggs
- ICI plc, Wilton Research and Technology Centre, P.O. Box 90, Middlesbrough, Cleveland TS90 8JE, England, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Boyd RD, Badyal JPS. Silent Discharge Treatment of Immiscible Polystyrene/Polycarbonate Polymer Blend Surfaces. Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9615213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. D. Boyd
- Chemistry Department, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K
| | - J. P. S. Badyal
- Chemistry Department, Science Laboratories, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England, U.K
| |
Collapse
|