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Humphreys J, Killalea CE, Pop F, Davies ES, Siligardi G, Amabilino DB. Self-assembly of chiral diketopyrrolopyrrole chromophores giving supramolecular chains in monolayers and twisted microtapes. Chirality 2023; 35:281-297. [PMID: 36760121 PMCID: PMC10947275 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral diketopyrrolopyrroles appended with enantiomeric ethyl lactate functions through an ether linkage to the aryl backbone of the chromophore were synthesized via the Mitsunobu reaction. The molecules have good solubility and excellent optical properties, high molar absorption coefficients, and fluorescence quantum yields. Helical aggregates with circular dichroism arising from the supramolecular arrangement are seen in both solution and thin films, and the aggregates also display circularly polarized luminescence (glum ≈ ±0.1). The molecules assemble to give monolayers on graphite and precipitate from solution forming supramolecular twisted tapes hundreds of microns long.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Humphreys
- The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable ChemistryThe University of Nottingham Jubilee CampusNottinghamUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - C. Elizabeth Killalea
- The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable ChemistryThe University of Nottingham Jubilee CampusNottinghamUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Flavia Pop
- The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable ChemistryThe University of Nottingham Jubilee CampusNottinghamUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- Present address:
MOLTECH‐Anjou, UMR 6200, CNRSUniversity of AngersAngersFrance
| | | | - Giuliano Siligardi
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshireUK
| | - David B. Amabilino
- The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable ChemistryThe University of Nottingham Jubilee CampusNottinghamUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB‐CSIC)Campus Universitari de CerdanyolaBarcelonaSpain
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E. Killalea
- School of Chemistry The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry The University of Nottingham Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
| | - David B. Amabilino
- School of Chemistry The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry The University of Nottingham Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
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3
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Nagarajan S. Lamellar Assembly Mechanism on Dendritic Ring-Banded Spherulites of Poly(ε-caprolactone). Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100359. [PMID: 34491601 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly structures of lamellae in optical ring bands have a critical effect on their optical and physical arrangements. Two different types of dendritic banded spherulites (namely ring-banded and zigzag ring-banded) are formed in poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly (phenyl methacrylate) blend at crystallization temperatures of 42 and 46 °C, respectively. The difference in optical birefringence of ring bands in two types of spherulites is resolved by means of direct morphological comparison. Banded spherulites are fractured carefully to facilitate lamellar orientation analyses of both the top surface and the interior surface. The results have revealed the existence of tree-like dendritic fractal growth lamellar assemblies in both banded spherulites. The optical ring patterns of the banded spherulites are differentiated mainly by the fractal orientation of the edge-on crystal branches in the ridge region. On the basis of detailed morphological analysis, 3D-lamellar assembly mechanisms are proposed to explain the growth of dendritic ring-banded spherulites at 42 °C and dendritic zigzag ring-banded spherulites at 46 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Nagarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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4
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Lovinger AJ. Twisted Crystals and the Origin of Banding in Spherulites of Semicrystalline Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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5
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Agbolaghi S, Sorkhishams N, Sarvari R, Massoumi B. Globular/semiglobular Poly(ethylene glycol) nanostructures enveloped between polythiophenes with/without side chains via Y-Shaped copolymers. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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7
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Yue K, Liu G, Feng X, Li L, Lotz B, Cheng SZD. A few rediscovered and challenging topics in polymer crystals and crystallization. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Yue
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Gengxin Liu
- Center for Advanced Low‐dimensional Materials Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Xueyan Feng
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron Akron Ohio
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Bernard Lotz
- Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐Universite de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron Akron Ohio
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8
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Olson IA, Shtukenberg AG, Kahr B, Ward MD. Dislocations in molecular crystals. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2018; 81:096501. [PMID: 30059351 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aac303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dislocations in molecular crystals remain terra incognita. Owing to the complexity of molecular structure, dislocations in molecular crystals can be difficult to understand using only the foundational concepts devised over decades for hard materials. Herein, we review the generation, structure, and physicochemical consequences of dislocations in molecular crystals. Unlike metals, ceramics, and semiconductors, molecular crystals are often characterized by flexible building units of low symmetry, thereby limiting analysis, complicating modeling, and prompting new approaches to elucidate their role in crystallography from growth to mechanics. Such considerations affect applications ranging from plastic electronics and mechanical actuators to the tableting of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel A Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York City, NY 10003, United States of America
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9
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Burks GR, Qi H, Gleeson SE, Mei S, Li CY. Structure and Morphology of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanoscrolls. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:75-79. [PMID: 35610920 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To date the scrolled morphology of γ-phase poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has been witnessed via high temperature melt crystallization of crystalline thin films and through imaging of chemical etched PVDF bulk films. Here we show the first growth and characterization of free-standing γ-phase PVDF scrolls via solution crystallization. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy have been used to characterize and to further understand the fundamental preferred crystalline habit of the γ-phase of PVDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R. Burks
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hao Qi
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sarah E. Gleeson
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Shan Mei
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher Y. Li
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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10
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Lotz B, Miyoshi T, Cheng SZD. 50th Anniversary Perspective: Polymer Crystals and Crystallization: Personal Journeys in a Challenging Research Field. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Lotz
- Institut Charles
Sadron (CNRS − Université de Strasbourg), 23, Rue du Lœss, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Toshikazu Miyoshi
- Department
of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Department
of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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11
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Wang HF, Chiang CH, Hsu WC, Wen T, Chuang WT, Lotz B, Li MC, Ho RM. Handedness of Twisted Lamella in Banded Spherulite of Chiral Polylactides and Their Blends. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Fang Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hung Chiang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Hsu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tao Wen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron
Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Bernard Lotz
- Institut
Charles Sadron, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 23, Rue
du Lœss, F67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ming-Chia Li
- Department
of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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12
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Directed crystallization of isotactic poly(2-vinylpyridine) for preferred lamellar twisting by chiral dopants. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Yashima E, Ousaka N, Taura D, Shimomura K, Ikai T, Maeda K. Supramolecular Helical Systems: Helical Assemblies of Small Molecules, Foldamers, and Polymers with Chiral Amplification and Their Functions. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13752-13990. [PMID: 27754649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1230] [Impact Index Per Article: 153.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the recent advances in supramolecular helical assemblies formed from chiral and achiral small molecules, oligomers (foldamers), and helical and nonhelical polymers from the viewpoints of their formations with unique chiral phenomena, such as amplification of chirality during the dynamic helically assembled processes, properties, and specific functionalities, some of which have not been observed in or achieved by biological systems. In addition, a brief historical overview of the helical assemblies of small molecules and remarkable progress in the synthesis of single-stranded and multistranded helical foldamers and polymers, their properties, structures, and functions, mainly since 2009, will also be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Naoki Ousaka
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kouhei Shimomura
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ikai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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14
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Qin JX, Zhang M, Zhang C, Li CT, Zhang Y, Song J, Asif Javed HM, Qiu JH. New insight into the difference of PC lipase-catalyzed degradation on poly(butylene succinate)-based copolymers from molecular levels. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13738a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the difference of enzymatic degradation of PBS-based polyesters was investigated from the molecular level with molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-xiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry
- Ministry of Education
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry
- Ministry of Education
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry
- Ministry of Education
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Cheng-tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry
- Ministry of Education
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry
- Ministry of Education
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry
- Ministry of Education
- Shaanxi University of Science & Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Hafiz M. Asif Javed
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory
- International Center for Dielectric Research
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
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15
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Wen T, Shen HY, Wang HF, Mao YC, Chuang WT, Tsai JC, Ho RM. Controlled Handedness of Twisted Lamellae in Banded Spherulites of Isotactic Poly(2-vinylpyridine) as Induced by Chiral Dopants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Wen T, Shen H, Wang H, Mao Y, Chuang W, Tsai J, Ho R. Controlled Handedness of Twisted Lamellae in Banded Spherulites of Isotactic Poly(2‐vinylpyridine) as Induced by Chiral Dopants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14313-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang‐Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 (Taiwan)
| | - Han‐Yun Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang‐Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 (Taiwan)
| | - Hsiao‐Fang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang‐Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 (Taiwan)
| | - Yung‐Cheng Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102 (Taiwan)
| | - Wei‐Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin‐Ann Road, Hsinchu, 30076 (Taiwan)
| | - Jing‐Cherng Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 62102 (Taiwan)
| | - Rong‐Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang‐Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013 (Taiwan)
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17
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Ibaraki S, Ise R, Ishimori K, Oaki Y, Sazaki G, Yokoyama E, Tsukamoto K, Imai H. Oscillatory growth for twisting crystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8516-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01466b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the oscillatory phenomenon for the twisting growth of a triclinic crystal through in situ observation of the concentration field around the growing tip of a needle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ibaraki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Kohoku-ku
- Japan
| | - Ryuta Ise
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Kohoku-ku
- Japan
| | - Koichiro Ishimori
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Kohoku-ku
- Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Kohoku-ku
- Japan
| | - Gen Sazaki
- Institute of Low Temperature Science
- Hokkaido University
- Kita-ku
- Japan
| | | | - Katsuo Tsukamoto
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Aoba-ku
- Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Kohoku-ku
- Japan
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18
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Li MC, Wang HF, Chiang CH, Lee YD, Ho RM. Lamellar-Twisting-Induced Circular Dichroism of Chromophore Moieties in Banded Spherulites with Evolution of Homochirality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:4450-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Li MC, Wang HF, Chiang CH, Lee YD, Ho RM. Lamellar-Twisting-Induced Circular Dichroism of Chromophore Moieties in Banded Spherulites with Evolution of Homochirality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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20
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Shtukenberg AG, Punin YO, Gujral A, Kahr B. Wachstumsinduziertes Biegen und Verwinden von Einkristallen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Shtukenberg AG, Punin YO, Gujral A, Kahr B. Growth actuated bending and twisting of single crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:672-99. [PMID: 24382661 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Crystals of a variety of substances including elements, minerals, simple salts, organic molecular crystals, and high polymers forgo long-range translational order by twisting and bending as they grow. These deviations have been observed in crystals ranging in size from nanometers to centimeters. How and why so many materials choose dramatic non-crystallographic distortions is analyzed, with an emphasis on crystal chemistries that give rise to stresses operating either on surfaces of crystallites or within the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Shtukenberg
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, Room 1001, New York City, NY 10003 (USA).
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22
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Ikehara T, Kataoka T. Relation between the helical twist and S-shaped cross section of the lamellar crystals of polyethylene. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1444. [PMID: 23485961 PMCID: PMC3595696 DOI: 10.1038/srep01444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relation between the handedness of helical twist and the S-shaped cross section of the lamellar crystals is discussed for linear polyethylene. The lamellar crystals are found to rotate so that the convex surfaces of “S” push aside the melt when they advance in the growth direction. This relation, which has not been examined sufficiently so far, is found to be opposite from what was proposed earlier. A model to explain these observations is presented. This paper also demonstrates that the twist handedness can be clarified based on the stack order of crystalline lamellae without any treatment such as etching or extraction to isolate the lamellar crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ikehara
- Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
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23
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Lin SC, Ho RM, Chang CY, Hsu CS. Hierarchical Superstructures with Control of Helicity from the Self-Assembly of Chiral Bent-Core Molecules. Chemistry 2012; 18:9091-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Xiong H, Chen CK, Lee K, Van Horn RM, Liu Z, Ren B, Quirk RP, Thomas EL, Lotz B, Ho RM, Zhang WB, Cheng SZD. Scrolled Polymer Single Crystals Driven by Unbalanced Surface Stresses: Rational Design and Experimental Evidence. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201325t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Xiong
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chun-Ku Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kyungmin Lee
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Ryan M. Van Horn
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Zheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Roderic P. Quirk
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Edwin L. Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bernard Lotz
- Institut Charles Sadron, 23, Rue du Loess, Strasbourg 67034, France
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United States
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25
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Ho RM, Chiang YW, Lin SC, Chen CK. Helical architectures from self-assembly of chiral polymers and block copolymers. Prog Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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27
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Wang J, Li CY, Jin S, Weng X, Van Horn RM, Graham MJ, Zhang WB, Jeong KU, Harris FW, Lotz B, Cheng SZD. Helical Crystal Assemblies in Nonracemic Chiral Liquid Crystalline Polymers: Where Chemistry and Physics Meet. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie100248r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Christopher Y. Li
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Shi Jin
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Xin Weng
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Ryan M. Van Horn
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Matthew J. Graham
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Kwang-Un Jeong
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Frank W. Harris
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Bernard Lotz
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea, and Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg
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28
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Yashima E, Maeda K, Iida H, Furusho Y, Nagai K. Helical Polymers: Synthesis, Structures, and Functions. Chem Rev 2009; 109:6102-211. [PMID: 19905011 DOI: 10.1021/cr900162q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1271] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshio Furusho
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kanji Nagai
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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29
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Li L, Li B, Hood MA, Li CY. Carbon nanotube induced polymer crystallization: The formation of nanohybrid shish–kebabs. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Toda A, Taguchi K, Kajioka H. Instability-Driven Branching of Lamellar Crystals in Polyethylene Spherulites. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800994g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Toda
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Ken Taguchi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kajioka
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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31
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Toda A, Okamura M, Taguchi K, Hikosaka M, Kajioka H. Branching and Higher Order Structure in Banded Polyethylene Spherulites. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702267e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Toda
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences and Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan, and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8521, Japan
| | - Mari Okamura
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences and Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan, and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8521, Japan
| | - Ken Taguchi
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences and Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan, and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8521, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences and Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan, and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kajioka
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences and Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan, and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8521, Japan
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32
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Li L, Li B, Yang G, Li CY. Polymer decoration on carbon nanotubes via physical vapor deposition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:8522-5. [PMID: 17602575 DOI: 10.1021/la700480z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The polymer decoration technique has been widely used to study the chain folding behavior of polymer single crystals. In this article, we demonstrate that this method can be successfully adopted to pattern a variety of polymers on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The resulting structure is a two-dimensional nanohybrid shish kebab (2D NHSK), wherein the CNT forms the shish and the polymer crystals form the kebabs. 2D NHSKs consisting of CNTs and polymers such as polyethylene, nylon 66, polyvinylidene fluoride and poly(L-lysine) have been achieved. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to study the nanoscale morphology of these hybrid materials. Relatively periodic decoration of polymers on both single-walled and multi-walled CNTs was observed. It is envisaged that this unique method offers a facile means to achieve patterned CNTs for nanodevice applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Li
- A. J. Drexel Nanotechnology Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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33
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Jin S, Jeong KU, Tu Y, Graham MJ, Wang J, Harris FW, Cheng SZD. Structure of Macroscopic Monodomains and Its Soft Confinements of Chiral Smectic Phases on Crystallization in a Main-Chain Nonracemic Liquid Crystalline Polyester. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma070821p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Jin
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Kwang-Un Jeong
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Matthew J. Graham
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Jing Wang
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Frank W. Harris
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
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34
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Wang Y, Mano JF. Banded spherulites in poly(L-lactic acid): Effects of the crystallization temperature and molecular weight. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Structures and phase transformations of odd-numbered asymmetric main-chain liquid crystalline polyesters. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Jeong KU, Knapp BS, Ge JJ, Jin S, Graham MJ, Xiong H, Harris FW, Cheng SZD. Structures and Phase Transformations of Asymmetric Bent Main-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polyesters. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051389j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Un Jeong
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
| | - Brian S. Knapp
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
| | - Jason J. Ge
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
| | - Shi Jin
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
| | - Matthew J. Graham
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
| | - Huiming Xiong
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
| | - Frank W. Harris
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, and Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, The City University of New York, Staten Island, New York 10314
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37
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Lotz B, Cheng SZ. A critical assessment of unbalanced surface stresses as the mechanical origin of twisting and scrolling of polymer crystals. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Beekmans L, Hempenius M, Vancso G. Morphological development of melt crystallized poly(propylene oxide) by in situ AFM: formation of banded spherulites. Eur Polym J 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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39
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Weng X, Li CY, Jin S, Zhang D, Zhang JZ, Bai F, Harris FW, Cheng SZD, Lotz B. Helical Twist Senses, Liquid Crystalline Behavior, Crystal Microtwins, and Rotation Twins in a Polyester Containing Main-Chain Molecular Asymmetry and Effects of the Number of Methylene Units in the Backbones on the Phase Structures and Morphologies of Its Homologues. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0214106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Weng
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Christopher Y. Li
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Shi Jin
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Dong Zhang
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - John Z. Zhang
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Feng Bai
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Frank W. Harris
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Bernard Lotz
- Charles Sadron of Macromolecules, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg 67083, France
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40
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Li CY, Jin S, Weng X, Ge JJ, Zhang D, Bai F, Harris FW, Cheng SZD, Yan D, He T, Lotz B, Chien LC. Liquid Crystalline Phases, Microtwinning in Crystals and Helical Chirality Transformations in a Main-Chain Chiral Liquid Crystalline Polyester. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0204453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bernard Lotz
- Charles Sadron of Macromolecules, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg 67083, France
| | - Liang-Chy Chien
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44010-0001
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41
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Kübel C, Lawrence DP, Martin DC. Super-Helically Twisted Strands of Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (MPDI). Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma011016s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kübel
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Michigan, 2541 Chemistry Building, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Daniel P. Lawrence
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Michigan, 2541 Chemistry Building, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - David C. Martin
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Michigan, 2541 Chemistry Building, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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42
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Li CY, Ge JJ, Bai F, Calhoun BH, Harris FW, Cheng SZD, Chien LC, Lotz B, Keith HD. Early-Stage Formation of Helical Single Crystals and Their Confined Growth in Thin Film. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0021996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Y. Li
- The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Jason J. Ge
- The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Feng Bai
- The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Bret H. Calhoun
- The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Frank W. Harris
- The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - Liang-Chy Chien
- Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44010-0001
| | - Bernard Lotz
- Institute Charles Sadron, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg 67083
| | - H. Douglas Keith
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
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43
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Phase transformations in a chiral main-chain liquid crystalline polyester involving double-twist helical crystals. POLYMER 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(00)00238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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44
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