1
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Khan MS, Khan Z, Jabir NR, Mehan S, Suhail M, Zaidi SK, Zughaibi TA, Abid M, Tabrez S. Synthesis and Neurobehavioral Evaluation of a Potent Multitargeted Inhibitor for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04351-w. [PMID: 39009798 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04351-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant health challenge worldwide, affecting millions of individuals, and projected to increase further as the global population ages. Current pharmacological interventions primarily target acetylcholine deficiency and amyloid plaque formation, but offer limited efficacy and are often associated with adverse effects. Given the multifactorial nature of AD, there is a critical need for novel therapeutic approaches that simultaneously target multiple pathological pathways. Targeting key enzymes involved in AD pathophysiology, such as acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and gamma-secretase, is a potential strategy to mitigate disease progression. To this end, our research group has conducted comprehensive in silico screening to identify some lead compounds, including IQ6 (SSZ), capable of simultaneously inhibiting the enzymes mentioned above. Building upon this foundation, we synthesized SSZ, a novel multitargeted ligand/inhibitor to address various pathological mechanisms underlying AD. Chemically, SSZ exhibits pharmacological properties conducive to AD treatment, featuring pyrrolopyridine and N-cyclohexyl groups. Preclinical experimental evaluation of SSZ in AD rat model showed promising results, with notable improvements in behavioral and cognitive parameters. Specifically, SSZ treatment enhanced locomotor activity, ameliorated gait abnormalities, and improved cognitive function compared to untreated AD rats. Furthermore, brain morphological analysis demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of SSZ, attenuating Aβ-induced neuronal damage and preserving brain morphology. Combined treatment of SSZ and conventional drugs (DON and MEM) showed synergistic effects, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for AD management. Overall, our study highlights the efficacy of multitargeted ligands like SSZ in combating AD by addressing the complex etiology of the disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the full therapeutic potential of SSZ and the exploration of similar compounds in clinical settings, offering hope for an effective AD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuber Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (An Autonomous College), Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Nasimudeen R Jabir
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (An Autonomous College), Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Kashif Zaidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Torki A Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abid
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Mookkan M, Kandasamy S, Al-Odayni AB, Abduh NAY, Srinivasan S, Revannasidappa BC, Kumar V, Chinnasamy K, Aravindhan S, Shankar MK. A Structural and In Silico Investigation of Potential CDC7 Kinase Enzyme Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:47187-47200. [PMID: 38107948 PMCID: PMC10719926 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A crucial role in the regulation of DNA replication is played by the highly conserved CDC kinase. The CDC7 kinase could serve as a target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. The primary heterocyclic substance is pyrazole, and its derivatives offer great potential as treatments for cancer cell lines. Here, we synthesized the two pyrazole derivatives: 4-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)hydrazinyl)-5-methyl-2-tosyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one (PYRA-1) and 4-(2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)hydrazinyl)-5-methyl-2-tosyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one (PYRA-2). The structural confirmation of both the compounds at the three-dimensional level is characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction and density functional theory. Furthermore, the in silico chemical biological properties were derived using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. PYRA-1 and PYRA-2 crystallize in the P-1 (a = 8.184(9), b = 14.251(13), c = 15.601(15), α = 91.57(8), β = 97.48(9), 92.67(9), V = 1801.1(3) 3, and Z = 2) and P21/n (a = 14.8648(8), b = 8.5998(4), c = 15.5586(8), β = 116.47(7), V = 1780.4(19) 3, and Z = 4), space groups, respectively. In both PYRA-1 and PYRA-2 compounds, C-H···O intermolecular connections are common to stabilize the crystal structure. In addition, short intermolecular interactions stabilizes with C-H···π and π-π stacking. Crystal packing analysis was quantified using Hirshfeld surface analysis resulting in C···H, O···H, and H···H contacts in PYRA-1 exhibiting more contribution than in PYRA-2. The conformational stabilities of the molecules are same in the gas and liquid phases (water and DMSO). The docking scores measured for PYRA-1 and PYRA-2 with CDC7 kinase complexes are -5.421 and -5.884 kcal/mol, respectively. The MD simulations show that PYRA-2 is a more potential inhibitor than PYRA-1 against CDC7 kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanbabu Mookkan
- Department
of Physics, Presidency College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai 600 005, India
| | - Saravanan Kandasamy
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Ludwika Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Department
of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naaser Ahmed Yaseen Abduh
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sugarthi Srinivasan
- Department
of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute
of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Bistuvalli Chandrashekara Revannasidappa
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NGSM Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Nitte - Deemed to be University, Paneer, Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka India
| | - Vasantha Kumar
- Department
of P.G. Chemistry, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara
College (Autonomous), Ujire 574240, India
| | | | - Sanmargam Aravindhan
- Department
of Physics, Presidency College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai 600 005, India
| | - Madan Kumar Shankar
- Department
of Chemistry-BMC, University of Uppsala, Husargatan 3, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
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3
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Teli DM, Gajjar AK. Glycogen synthase kinase-3: A potential target for diabetes. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 92:117406. [PMID: 37536264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Elevated circulating glucose level due to β-cell dysfunction has been a key marker of Type-II diabetes. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has been recognized as an enzyme involved in the control of glycogen metabolism. Consequently, inhibitors of GSK-3 have been explored for anti-diabetic effects in vitro and in animal models. Further, the mechanisms governing the regulation of this enzyme have been elucidated by means of a combination of structural and cellular biological investigations. This review article examines the structural analysis of GSK-3 as well as molecular modeling reports from numerous researchers in the context of the design and development of GSK-3 inhibitors. This article centers on the signaling pathway of GSK-3 relevant to its potential as a target for diabetes and discusses advancements till date on different molecular modification approaches used by researchers in the development of novel GSK-3 inhibitors as potential therapeutics for the treatment of Type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya M Teli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Anuradha K Gajjar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India.
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Fang G, Chen H, Cheng Z, Tang Z, Wan Y. Azaindole derivatives as potential kinase inhibitors and their SARs elucidation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115621. [PMID: 37423125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, heterocycles have occupied an important position in the fields of drug design. Among them, azaindole moiety is regarded as one privileged scaffold to develop therapeutic agents. Since two nitrogen atoms of azaindole increase the possibility to form hydrogen bonds in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding site, azaindole derivatives are important sources of kinase inhibitors. Moreover, some of them have been on the market or in clinical trials for the treatment of some kinase-related diseases (e.g., vemurafenib, pexidartinib, decernotinib). In this review, we focused on the recent development of azaindole derivatives as potential kinase inhibitors based on kinase targets, such as adaptor-associated kinase 1 (AAK1), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), AXL, cell division cycle 7 (Cdc7), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), dual-specificity tyrosine (Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and proviral insertion site in moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases. Meanwhile, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of most azaindole derivatives were also elucidated. In addition, the binding modes of some azaindoles complexed with kinases were also investigated during the SARs elucidation. This review may offer an insight for medicinal chemists to rationally design more potent kinase inhibitors bearing the azaindole scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Hongjuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Zhiyun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China
| | - Yichao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, PR China.
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5
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Ali TFS, Ciftci HI, Radwan MO, Roshdy E, Shawky AM, Abourehab MAS, Tateishi H, Otsuka M, Fujita M. Discovery of Azaindolin-2-One as a Dual Inhibitor of GSK3β and Tau Aggregation with Potential Neuroprotective Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040426. [PMID: 35455423 PMCID: PMC9029746 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity through pharmacological intervention represents a promising approach for treating challenging neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease. Similarly, abnormal tau aggregate accumulation in neurons is a hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases. We introduced new dual GSK3β/tau aggregation inhibitors due to the excellent clinical outcome of multitarget drugs. Compound (E)-2f stands out among the synthesized inhibitors as a promising GSK3β inhibitor (IC50 1.7 µM) with a pronounced tau anti-aggregation effect in a cell-based model of tauopathy. Concurrently, (E)-2f was demonstrated to be non-toxic to normal cells, making it a promising neuroprotective lead compound that needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha F. S. Ali
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.S.A.); (M.F.); Tel.: +20-10-6983-5295 (T.F.S.A.); +81-96-371-4622 (M.F.)
| | - Halil I. Ciftci
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm, Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mohamed O. Radwan
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- National Research Centre, Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Eslam Roshdy
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Central Laboratory for Micro-Analysis, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm, Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.S.A.); (M.F.); Tel.: +20-10-6983-5295 (T.F.S.A.); +81-96-371-4622 (M.F.)
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6
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Gianferrara T, Cescon E, Grieco I, Spalluto G, Federico S. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Involvement in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4631-4697. [PMID: 35170406 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220216113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GSK-3β activity has been strictly related to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Alzheimer's disease is the most studied neurodegenerative disease, but GSK-3β seems to be involved in almost all neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, Huntington's disease and the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to help researchers both working on this research topic or not to have a comprehensive overview on GSK-3β in the context of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. METHOD Literature has been searched using PubMed and SciFinder databases by inserting specific keywords. A total of more than 500 articles have been discussed. RESULTS First of all, the structure and regulation of the kinase were briefly discussed and then, specific GSK-3β implications in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases were illustrated also with the help of figures, to conclude with a comprehensive overview on the most important GSK-3β and multitarget inhibitors. For all discussed compounds, the structure and IC50 values at the target kinase have been reported. CONCLUSION GSK-3β is involved in several signaling pathways both in neurons as well as in glial cells and immune cells. The fine regulation and interconnection of all these pathways are at the base of the rationale use of GSK-3β inhibitors in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In fact, some compounds are now under clinical trials. Despite this, pharmacodynamic and ADME/Tox profiles of the compounds were often not fully characterized and this is deleterious in such a complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gianferrara
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cescon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilenia Grieco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giampiero Spalluto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephanie Federico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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7
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Chen H, Lu T, Qiao M, Hu J, Li C, Qi C, Zhang F. Efficient domino strategy for synthesis of 3‐substituted 1,5‐dihydro
‐4
H
‐pyrrolo[3,2‐
c
]pyridin‐4‐one derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Minglong Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Jiawen Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Chunmei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Chenze Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Furen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
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8
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Irie T, Asami T, Sawa A, Uno Y, Taniyama C, Funakoshi Y, Masai H, Sawa M. Discovery of AS-0141, a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of CDC7 Kinase for the Treatment of Solid Cancers. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14153-14164. [PMID: 34607435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CDC7, a serine-threonine kinase, plays conserved and important roles in regulation of DNA replication and has been recognized as a potential anticancer target. We report here the optimization of a series of furanone analogues starting from compound 1 with a focus on ADME properties suitable for clinical development. By replacing the 2-chlorobenzene moiety in 1 with various aliphatic groups, we identified compound 24 as a potent CDC7 inhibitor with excellent kinase selectivity and favorable oral bioavailability in multiple species. Oral administration of 24 demonstrated robust in vivo antitumor efficacy in a colorectal cancer xenograft model. Compound 24 (AS-0141) is currently in phase I clinical trials for the treatment of solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Irie
- Research and Development, Carna Biosciences, Inc., 3F BMA, 1-5-5 minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Tokiko Asami
- Research and Development, Carna Biosciences, Inc., 3F BMA, 1-5-5 minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ayako Sawa
- Research and Development, Carna Biosciences, Inc., 3F BMA, 1-5-5 minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuko Uno
- Research and Development, Carna Biosciences, Inc., 3F BMA, 1-5-5 minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Chika Taniyama
- Ginkgo Biomedical Research Institute, Research and Development Department, SBI Biotech Co., Ltd., Izumi Garden Tower 15F, 1-6- Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6015, Japan
| | - Yoko Funakoshi
- Ginkgo Biomedical Research Institute, Research and Development Department, SBI Biotech Co., Ltd., Izumi Garden Tower 15F, 1-6- Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6015, Japan
| | - Hisao Masai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sawa
- Research and Development, Carna Biosciences, Inc., 3F BMA, 1-5-5 minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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9
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Wells CI, Drewry DH, Pickett JE, Tjaden A, Krämer A, Müller S, Gyenis L, Menyhart D, Litchfield DW, Knapp S, Axtman AD. Development of a potent and selective chemical probe for the pleiotropic kinase CK2. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:546-558.e10. [PMID: 33484635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Building on the pyrazolopyrimidine CK2 (casein kinase 2) inhibitor scaffold, we designed a small targeted library. Through comprehensive evaluation of inhibitor selectivity, we identified inhibitor 24 (SGC-CK2-1) as a highly potent and cell-active CK2 chemical probe with exclusive selectivity for both human CK2 isoforms. Remarkably, despite years of research pointing to CK2 as a key driver in cancer, our chemical probe did not elicit a broad antiproliferative phenotype in >90% of >140 cell lines when tested in dose-response. While many publications have reported CK2 functions, CK2 biology is complex and an available high-quality chemical tool such as SGC-CK2-1 will be indispensable in deciphering the relationships between CK2 function and phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrow I Wells
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - David H Drewry
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Julie E Pickett
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Amelie Tjaden
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchman Institute for Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchman Institute for Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchman Institute for Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Laszlo Gyenis
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Daniel Menyhart
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - David W Litchfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada; Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchman Institute for Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alison D Axtman
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC), UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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10
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Qhobosheane MA, Legoabe LJ, Josselin B, Bach S, Ruchaud S, Beteck RM. Synthesis and evaluation of C3 substituted chalcone‐based derivatives of 7‐azaindole as protein kinase inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:1395-1407. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malikotsi A. Qhobosheane
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
| | - Lesetja J. Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
| | - Béatrice Josselin
- Sorbonne Université CNRS UMR 8227 Integrative Biology of Marine Models Laboratory (LBI2M) Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff Cedex France
- Sorbonne Université CNRS FR2424 Plateforme de criblage KISSf (Kinase Inhibitor Specialized Screening facility) Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff France
| | - Stéphane Bach
- Sorbonne Université CNRS UMR 8227 Integrative Biology of Marine Models Laboratory (LBI2M) Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff Cedex France
- Sorbonne Université CNRS FR2424 Plateforme de criblage KISSf (Kinase Inhibitor Specialized Screening facility) Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff France
| | - Sandrine Ruchaud
- Sorbonne Université CNRS UMR 8227 Integrative Biology of Marine Models Laboratory (LBI2M) Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff Cedex France
| | - Richard M. Beteck
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences North‐West University Potchefstroom South Africa
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11
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Synthesis and evaluation of 7-azaindole derivatives bearing benzocycloalkanone motifs as protein kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Machiraju PK, Yedla P, Gubbala SP, Bohari T, Abdul JK, Xu S, Patel R, Chittireddy VRR, Boppana K, Jagarlapudi SA, Neamati N, Syed R, Amanchy R. Identification, synthesis and evaluation of CSF1R inhibitors using fragment based drug design. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 80:374-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Receptor-based pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular docking studies for the discovery of novel GSK-3β inhibitors. J Mol Model 2019; 25:171. [PMID: 31129879 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Considering the emerging importance of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) inhibitors in treatment of Alzheimer's disease, multi-protein structure receptor-based pharmacophore modeling was adopted to generate a 3D pharmacophore model for (GSK-3β) inhibitors. The generated 3D pharmacophore was then validated using a test set of 1235 compounds. The ZINCPharmer web tool was used to virtually screen the public ZINC database using the generated 3D pharmacophore. A set of 12,251 hits was produced and then filtered according to their lead-like properties, predicted central nervous system (CNS) activity, and Pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) fragments to 630 compounds. Scaffold Hunter was then used to cluster the filtered compounds according to their chemical structure framework. From the different clusters, 123 compounds were selected to cover the whole chemical space of the obtained hits. The SwissADME online tool was then used to filter out the compounds with undesirable pharmacokinetic properties giving a set of 91 compounds with promising predicted pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. To confirm their binding capability to the GSK-3β binding site, molecular docking simulations were performed for the final 91 compounds in the GSK-3β binding site. Twenty-five compounds showed acceptable binding poses that bind to the key amino acids in the binding site Asp133 and Val135 with good binding scores. The quinolin-2-one derivative ZINC67773573 was found to be a promising lead for designing new GSK-3β inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Graphical abstract A 3D pharmacophore model for the discovery of novel (GSK-3β) inhibitors.
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14
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Irie T, Sawa M. 7-Azaindole: A Versatile Scaffold for Developing Kinase Inhibitors. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:29-36. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masaaki Sawa
- Research and Development, Carna Biosciences, Inc
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15
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Yang C, Zhang X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Liu X, Deng M, Jia Y, Ling Y, Meng LH, Zhou Y. Discovery of a Novel Series of 7-Azaindole Scaffold Derivatives as PI3K Inhibitors with Potent Activity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:875-880. [PMID: 28835805 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors potently inhibit the signaling pathway of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, which provides a promising new approach for the molecularly targeted cancer therapy. In this work, a novel series of 7-azaindole scaffold derivatives was discovered by the fragment-based growing strategy. The structure-activity relationship profiles identified that the 7-azaindole scaffold derivatives exhibit potent activity against PI3K at molecular and cellular levels as well as cell proliferation in a panel of human tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Yang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongtai Yang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingli Deng
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Jia
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ling-hua Meng
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yaming Zhou
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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16
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Discovery of novel furanone derivatives as potent Cdc7 kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 130:406-418. [PMID: 28279847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cdc7 is a serine-threonine kinase and plays a conserved and important role in DNA replication, and it has been recognized as a potential anticancer target. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship of novel furanone derivatives as Cdc7 kinase inhibitors. Compound 13 was identified as a strong inhibitor of Cdc7 with an IC50 value of 0.6 nM in the presence of 1 mM ATP and showed excellent kinase selectivity. In addition, it exhibited slow off-rate characteristics, which may offer advantages over known Cdc7 inhibitors in its potential to yield prolonged inhibitory effects in vivo. Compound 13 potently inhibited Cdc7 activity in cancer cells, and effectively induced cell death.
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17
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El-Gamal MI, Anbar HS. Recent advances of pyrrolopyridines derivatives: a patent and literature review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2017; 27:591-606. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2017.1280465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I. El-Gamal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. Anbar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
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18
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Mishra A, Vats TK, Deb I. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Direct and Selective C–H Cyanation of N-(Hetero)aryl-7-azaindoles. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6525-34. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Mishra
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tripta Kumari Vats
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Indubhusan Deb
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry
Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4-Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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19
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Narva S, Chitti S, Bala BR, Alvala M, Jain N, Kondapalli VGCS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrrolo[2,3- b ]pyridine analogues as antiproliferative agents and their interaction with calf thymus DNA. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 114:220-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Dias Pires MJ, Poeira DL, Marques MMB. Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aminopyridines. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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21
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Rudolph J, Aliagas I, Crawford JJ, Mathieu S, Lee W, Chao Q, Dong P, Rouge L, Wang W, Heise C, Murray LJ, La H, Liu Y, Manning G, Diederich F, Hoeflich KP. Leveraging the Pre-DFG Residue Thr-406 To Obtain High Kinase Selectivity in an Aminopyrazole-Type PAK1 Inhibitor Series. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:711-5. [PMID: 26101579 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To increase kinase selectivity in an aminopyrazole-based PAK1 inhibitor series, analogues were designed to interact with the PAK1 deep-front pocket pre-DFG residue Thr-406, a residue that is hydrophobic in most kinases. This goal was achieved by installing lactam head groups to the aminopyrazole hinge binding moiety. The corresponding analogues represent the most kinase selective ATP-competitive Group I PAK inhibitors described to date. Hydrogen bonding with the Thr-406 side chain was demonstrated by X-ray crystallography, and inhibitory activities, particularly against kinases with hydrophobic pre-DFG residues, were mitigated. Leveraging hydrogen bonding side chain interactions with polar pre-DFG residues is unprecedented, and similar strategies should be applicable to other appropriate kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Rudolph
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ignacio Aliagas
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James J. Crawford
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Simon Mathieu
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Wendy Lee
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Qi Chao
- Shanghai Chempartner, Inc., 998
Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Dong
- Shanghai Chempartner, Inc., 998
Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lionel Rouge
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Weiru Wang
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christopher Heise
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lesley J. Murray
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hank La
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yanzhou Liu
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Gerard Manning
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | - Klaus P. Hoeflich
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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22
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Mérour JY, Buron F, Plé K, Bonnet P, Routier S. The azaindole framework in the design of kinase inhibitors. Molecules 2014; 19:19935-79. [PMID: 25460315 PMCID: PMC6271083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article illustrates the growing use of azaindole derivatives as kinase inhibitors and their contribution to drug discovery and innovation. The different protein kinases which have served as targets and the known molecules which have emerged from medicinal chemistry and Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD) programs are presented. The various synthetic routes used to access these compounds and the chemical pathways leading to their synthesis are also discussed. An analysis of their mode of binding based on X-ray crystallography data gives structural insights for the design of more potent and selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Mérour
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Frédéric Buron
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Karen Plé
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Pascal Bonnet
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Sylvain Routier
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
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23
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Gourdain S, Dairou J, Denhez C, Bui LC, Rodrigues-Lima F, Janel N, Delabar JM, Cariou K, Dodd RH. Development of DANDYs, new 3,5-diaryl-7-azaindoles demonstrating potent DYRK1A kinase inhibitory activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:9569-85. [PMID: 24188002 DOI: 10.1021/jm401049v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of DYRKIA kinase in vitro. Derivatives having hydroxy groups on the aryl moieties (2c, 2j-l) demonstrated high inhibitory potencies with Kis in the low nanomolar range. Their methoxy analogues were up to 100 times less active. Docking studies at the ATP binding site suggested that these compounds bind tightly to this site via a network of multiple H-bonds with the peptide backbone. None of the active compounds were cytotoxic to KB cells at 10(-6) M. Kinase profiling revealed that compound 2j showed 2-fold selectivity for DYRK1A with respect to DYRK2 and DYRK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Gourdain
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre de Recherche de Gif, UPR 2301, CNRS , Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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24
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Harrington PE, Bourbeau MP, Fotsch C, Frohn M, Pickrell AJ, Reichelt A, Sham K, Siegmund AC, Bailis JM, Bush T, Escobar S, Hickman D, Heller S, Hsieh F, Orf JN, Rong M, San Miguel T, Tan H, Zalameda L, Allen JG. The optimization of aminooxadiazoles as orally active inhibitors of Cdc7. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:6396-400. [PMID: 24120542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of aminooxadiazoles was optimized for inhibition of Cdc7. Early lead isoquinoline 1 suffered from modest cell potency (cellular IC50=0.71 μM measuring pMCM2), low selectivity against structurally related kinases, and high IV clearance in rats (CL=18 L/h/kg). Extensive optimization resulted in azaindole 26 (Cdc7 IC50=1.1 nM, pMCM2 IC50=32 nM) that demonstrated robust lowering of pMCM2 in a mouse pharmacodynamic (PD) model when dosed orally. Modifications to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of this series were guided by trapping experiments with glutathione in rat hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Harrington
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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