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Abstract
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII, or insulin pump) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors have been increasingly used and associated with improved glycemic control by people with type 1 diabetes and insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes. Commonly used infusion sets in most CSII systems are limited to a wear time of 3 days. In contradistinction, CGM sensors are currently approved for seven and more days of wear. With the motivation to provide a 7-day infusion set that matches the CGM wear time and to improve patient experience, the recently CE-marked and FDA 510k-cleared Medtronic extended infusion set (EIS) was designed.s The EIS offers enhanced new features that include use for up to 7 days, improved convenience, comfort, and better quality of life for insulin pump users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ohad Cohen
- Medtronic International Trading Sàrl, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Rodponthukwaji K, Pingrajai P, Jantana S, Taya S, Duangchan K, Nguyen KT, Srisawat C, Punnakitikashem P. Epigallocatechin Gallate Potentiates the Anticancer Effect of AFP-siRNA-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:47. [PMID: 38202502 PMCID: PMC10780411 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
To develop a potential cancer treatment, we formulated a novel drug delivery platform made of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and used a combination of an emerging siRNA technology and an extracted natural substance called catechins. The synthesized materials were characterized to determine their properties, including morphology, hydrodynamic size, charge, particle stability, and drug release profile. The therapeutic effect of AFP-siRNA and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was revealed to have remarkable cytotoxicity towards HepG2 when in soluble formulation. Notably, the killing effect was enhanced by the co-treatment of AFP-siRNA-loaded PLGA and EGCG. Cell viability significantly dropped to 59.73 ± 6.95% after treatment with 12.50 μg/mL of EGCG and AFP-siRNA-PLGA. Meanwhile, 80% of viable cells were observed after treatment with monotherapy. The reduction in the survival of cells is a clear indication of the complementary action of both active EGCG and AFP-siRNA-loaded PLGA. The corresponding cell death was involved in apoptosis, as evidenced by the increased caspase-3/7 activity. The combined treatment exhibited a 2.5-fold increase in caspase-3/7 activity. Moreover, the nanoparticles were internalized by HepG2 in a time-dependent manner, indicating the appropriate use of PLGA as a carrier. Accordingly, a combined system is an effective therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonlatth Rodponthukwaji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (K.R.); (S.J.); (S.T.); (K.D.); (C.S.)
- Research Network NANOTEC-Mahidol University in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Ponpawee Pingrajai
- Research Network NANOTEC-Mahidol University in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | - Saranrat Jantana
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (K.R.); (S.J.); (S.T.); (K.D.); (C.S.)
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Seri Taya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (K.R.); (S.J.); (S.T.); (K.D.); (C.S.)
| | - Kongpop Duangchan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (K.R.); (S.J.); (S.T.); (K.D.); (C.S.)
| | - Kytai T. Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA;
| | - Chatchawan Srisawat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (K.R.); (S.J.); (S.T.); (K.D.); (C.S.)
- Research Network NANOTEC-Mahidol University in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Primana Punnakitikashem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (K.R.); (S.J.); (S.T.); (K.D.); (C.S.)
- Research Network NANOTEC-Mahidol University in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Theranostic Nanomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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3
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Nanocarriers as a Delivery Platform for Anticancer Treatment: Biological Limits and Perspectives in B-Cell Malignancies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091965. [PMID: 36145713 PMCID: PMC9502742 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based therapies have been proposed in oncology research using various delivery methods to increase selectivity toward tumor tissues. Enhanced drug delivery through nanoparticle-based therapies could improve anti-tumor efficacy and also prevent drug resistance. However, there are still problems to overcome, such as the main biological interactions of nanocarriers. Among the various nanostructures for drug delivery, drug delivery based on polymeric nanoparticles has numerous advantages for controlling the release of biological factors, such as the ability to add a selective targeting mechanism, controlled release, protection of administered drugs, and prolonging the circulation time in the body. In addition, the functionalization of nanoparticles helps to achieve the best possible outcome. One of the most promising applications for nanoparticle-based drug delivery is in the field of onco-hematology, where there are many already approved targeted therapies, such as immunotherapies with monoclonal antibodies targeting specific tumor-associated antigens; however, several patients have experienced relapsed or refractory disease. This review describes the major nanocarriers proposed as new treatments for hematologic cancer, describing the main biological interactions of these nanocarriers and the related limitations of their use as drug delivery strategies.
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Abrantes DC, Rogerio CB, de Oliveira JL, Campos EVR, de Araújo DR, Pampana LC, Duarte MJ, Valadares GF, Fraceto LF. Development of a Mosquito Repellent Formulation Based on Nanostructured Lipid Carriers. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:760682. [PMID: 34707504 PMCID: PMC8542870 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.760682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arboviral diseases are a threat to global public health systems, with recent data suggesting that around 40% of the world's population is at risk of contracting arboviruses. The use of mosquito repellents is an appropriate strategy to avoid humans coming into contact with vectors transmitting these viruses. However, the cost associated with daily applications of repellents can make their use unfeasible for the low-income populations that most need protection. Therefore, the development of effective formulations offers a way to expand access to this means of individual protection. Consequently, research efforts have focused on formulations with smaller quantities of active agents and sustained release technology, aiming to reduce re-applications, toxicity, and cost. The present study investigates the development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with a mixture of the compounds icaridin (synthetic) and geraniol (natural), incorporated in cellulose hydrogel. The NLCs were prepared by the emulsion/solvent evaporation method and were submitted to physicochemical characterization as a function of time (at 0, 15, 30, and 60 days). The prepared system presented an average particle size of 252 ± 5 nm, with encapsulation efficiency of 99% for both of the active compounds. The stability profile revealed that the change of particle size was not significant (p > 0.05), indicating high stability of the system. Rheological characterization of the gels containing NLCs showed that all formulations presented pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior, providing satisfactory spreadability and long shelf life. Morphological analysis using atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the presence of spherical nanoparticles (252 ± 5 nm) in the cellulose gel matrix. Permeation assays showed low fluxes of the active agents through a Strat-M® membrane, with low permeability coefficients, indicating that the repellents would be retained on the surface to which they are applied, rather than permeating the tissue. These findings open perspectives for the use of hybrid formulations consisting of gels containing nanoparticles that incorporate repellents effective against arthropod-borne virus. These systems could potentially provide improvements considering the issues of effectiveness, toxicity, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jhones L de Oliveira
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Dulal P, Gharaei R, Berg A, Walters AA, Hawkins N, Claridge TDW, Kowal K, Neill S, Ritchie AJ, Ashfield R, Hill AVS, Tronci G, Russell SJ, Douglas AD. Characterisation of factors contributing to the performance of nonwoven fibrous matrices as substrates for adenovirus vectored vaccine stabilisation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20877. [PMID: 34686689 PMCID: PMC8536692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus vectors offer a platform technology for vaccine development. The value of the platform has been proven during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although good stability at 2-8 °C is an advantage of the platform, non-cold-chain distribution would have substantial advantages, in particular in low-income countries. We have previously reported a novel, potentially less expensive thermostabilisation approach using a combination of simple sugars and glass micro-fibrous matrix, achieving excellent recovery of adenovirus-vectored vaccines after storage at temperatures as high as 45 °C. This matrix is, however, prone to fragmentation and so not suitable for clinical translation. Here, we report an investigation of alternative fibrous matrices which might be suitable for clinical use. A number of commercially-available matrices permitted good protein recovery, quality of sugar glass and moisture content of the dried product but did not achieve the thermostabilisation performance of the original glass fibre matrix. We therefore further investigated physical and chemical characteristics of the glass fibre matrix and its components, finding that the polyvinyl alcohol present in the glass fibre matrix assists vaccine stability. This finding enabled us to identify a potentially biocompatible matrix with encouraging performance. We discuss remaining challenges for transfer of the technology into clinical use, including reliability of process performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Dulal
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.
| | - Robabeh Gharaei
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403Clothworkers’ Centre for Textile Materials Innovation for Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Adam Berg
- grid.270683.80000 0004 0641 4511Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Adam A. Walters
- grid.270683.80000 0004 0641 4511Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Nicholas Hawkins
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Silk Group, ABRG, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 3RE UK
| | - Tim D. W. Claridge
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA UK
| | - Katarzyna Kowal
- grid.436666.7Nonwovens Innovation and Research Institute Ltd, 169 Meanwood Road, Leeds, LS7 1SR UK
| | - Steven Neill
- grid.436666.7Nonwovens Innovation and Research Institute Ltd, 169 Meanwood Road, Leeds, LS7 1SR UK
| | - Adam J. Ritchie
- grid.270683.80000 0004 0641 4511Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Rebecca Ashfield
- grid.270683.80000 0004 0641 4511Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Adrian V. S. Hill
- grid.270683.80000 0004 0641 4511Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Giuseppe Tronci
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403Clothworkers’ Centre for Textile Materials Innovation for Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Stephen J. Russell
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403Clothworkers’ Centre for Textile Materials Innovation for Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK ,grid.436666.7Nonwovens Innovation and Research Institute Ltd, 169 Meanwood Road, Leeds, LS7 1SR UK
| | - Alexander D. Douglas
- grid.270683.80000 0004 0641 4511Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
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Dec R, Dzwolak W. A tale of two tails: Self-assembling properties of A- and B-chain parts of insulin's highly amyloidogenic H-fragment. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:510-518. [PMID: 34271044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to the spontaneous transition of native insulin into therapeutically inactive amyloid, prolonged storage decreases effectiveness of the hormone in treatment of diabetes. Various regions of the amino acid sequence have been implicated in insulin aggregation. Here, we focus on smaller fragments of the highly amyloidogenic H-peptide comprising disulfide-bonded N-terminal sections of insulin's A-chain (13 residues) and B-chain (11 residues). Aggregation patterns of N-terminal fragments of A-chain (ACC1-13, ACC1-11, ACC6-13, ACC6-11, all retaining Cys6A-Cys11A disulfide bond) and B-chain (B1-11(7A)) are examined at acidic and neutral pH. ACC1-11 is the smallest fragment found to be amyloidogenic at either pH; removal of the N-terminal GIVEQ section renders this fragment entirely non-amyloidogenic. The self-assembling properties of ACC1-11 contrast with aggregation-resistant behavior of B1-11(7A) and its disulfide-linked homodimer, (B1-11)2 aggregating only at neutral pH. Fibrillar ACC1-11 is similar to insulin amyloid in terms of morphology and infrared features. Secondary nucleation is likely to account for the detected shortening of insulin aggregation lag phase at neutral pH upon cross-seeding with pre-formed fibrils of ACC1-11 or (B1-11)2. An aggregation-enhancing effect of monomeric ACC1-11 on co-dissolved native insulin is also observed. Our findings are discussed in the context of mechanisms of insulin aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dzwolak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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Sundaram V, Ramanan RN, Selvaraj M, Vijayaraghavan R, MacFarlane DR, Ooi CW. Structural stability of insulin aspart in aqueous cholinium aminoate ionic liquids based on molecular dynamics simulation studies. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Marslin G, Khandelwal V, Franklin G. Cordycepin Nanoencapsulated in Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Exhibits Better Cytotoxicity and Lower Hemotoxicity Than Free Drug. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2020; 13:37-45. [PMID: 32606622 PMCID: PMC7305845 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s254770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cordycepin, a natural product isolated from the fungus Cordyceps militaris, is a potential candidate for breast cancer therapy. However, due to its structural similarity with adenosine, cordycepin is rapidly metabolized into an inactive form in the body, hindering its development as a therapeutic agent. In the present study, we have prepared cordycepin as nanoparticles in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and compared their cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and hemolytic potential with free cordycepin. Materials and Methods Cordycepin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (CPNPs) were prepared by the double-emulsion solvent evaporation method. Physico-chemical characterization of the nanoparticles was done by zetasizer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analyses. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of CPNPs and free drug were tested in human breast cancer cells (MCF7). Hemolytic potential of both of these forms was evaluated in rat red blood cells (RBCs). Results Physico-chemical characterization revealed that CPNPs were spherical in shape, possessed a size range of 179–246 nm, and released the encapsulated drug sustainably over a period of 10 days. CPNPs exhibited a high level of cellular uptake and cytotoxicity than the free drug in MCF-7 cells. While CPNPs were not toxic to rat RBCs even at high concentrations, free cordycepin induced hemolysis of these cells at relatively low concentration. Conclusion Our results reveal that delivery as CPNPs could enhance the clinical efficacy of cordycepin substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Marslin
- School of Pharmacy, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Chennai 600119, India.,Ratnam Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Nellore, 524346, India.,College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Gregory Franklin
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciencs, Strzeszyńska 34, Poznań 60-479, Wielkopolska, Poland
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Akbarian M, Yousefi R, Farjadian F, Uversky VN. Insulin fibrillation: toward strategies for attenuating the process. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11354-11373. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05171c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The environmental factors affecting the rate of insulin fibrillation. The factors are representative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Akbarian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
- Shiraz
- Iran
| | - Reza Yousefi
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Biology
- College of Sciences
- Shiraz University
- Shiraz
| | - Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
- Shiraz
- Iran
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute
- Morsani College of Medicine
- University of South Florida
- Tampa
- USA
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10
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Cubayachi C, Lemos CN, Pereira F, Dias K, Herculano RD, de Freitas O, Lopez RF. Silk fibroin films stabilizes and releases bioactive insulin for the treatment of corneal wounds. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Mansoor S, Kondiah PPD, Choonara YE, Pillay V. Polymer-Based Nanoparticle Strategies for Insulin Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1380. [PMID: 31443473 PMCID: PMC6780129 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic illness estimated to have affected 451 million individuals to date, with this number expected to significantly rise in the coming years. There are two main classes of this disease, namely type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin therapy is pivotal in the management of diabetes, with diabetic individuals taking multiple daily insulin injections. However, the mode of administration has numerous drawbacks, resulting in poor patient compliance. In order to optimize insulin therapy, novel drug delivery systems (DDSes) have been suggested, and alternative routes of administration have been investigated. A novel aspect in the field of drug delivery was brought about by the coalescence of polymeric science and nanotechnology. In addition to polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), insulin DDSes can incorporate the use of nanoplatforms/carriers. A combination of these systems can bring about novel formulations and lead to significant improvements in the drug delivery system (DDS) with regard to therapeutic efficacy, bioavailability, increased half-life, improved transport through physical and chemical barriers, and controlled drug delivery. This review will discuss how recent developments in polymer chemistry and nanotechnology have been employed in a multitude of platforms as well as in administration routes for the safe and efficient delivery of insulin for the treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Mansoor
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - Pierre P D Kondiah
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
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12
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Kaur N, Toley BJ. Paper-based nucleic acid amplification tests for point-of-care diagnostics. Analyst 2019; 143:2213-2234. [PMID: 29683153 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01943b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There has been a recent resurgence in the use of paper as a substrate for developing point-of-care medical diagnostic tests, possibly triggered by expiring patents published in the 1990s. A hallmark of this resurgence has been the development of advanced shapes and structures made from paper to conduct multi-step fluidic operations using the wicking action of porous materials. Such devices indicate a distinct improvement over lateral flow immunoassays, which are restricted to conducting one-step operations. New developments in paper-based diagnostic devices have triggered interest in the development of paper-based point-of-care nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs). NAATs can identify extremely low levels of specific nucleic acid sequences from clinical samples and are the most sensitive of all available tests for infectious disease diagnosis. Because traditional PCR-based NAATs require expensive instruments, the development of portable paper-based NAAT's has become an exciting field of research. This article aims to review and analyse the current state of development of paper-based NAATs. We project paper-based NAATs as miniaturized chemical processes and shed light on various schemes of operation used for converting the multiple steps of the chemical processes into paper microfluidic devices. We conclude by elaborating on the challenges that must be overcome in the near future so that progress can be made towards the development of fully functional and commercial paper-based NAATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India560012.
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13
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An Evaluation of the Potential of NMR Spectroscopy and Computational Modelling Methods to Inform Biopharmaceutical Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10040165. [PMID: 30248922 PMCID: PMC6320905 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics are considered to be one of the most important classes of pharmaceuticals on the market. The growing need to prolong stability of high protein concentrations in liquid form has proven to be challenging. Therefore, significant effort is being made to design formulations which can enable the storage of these highly concentrated protein therapies for up to 2 years. Currently, the excipient selection approach involves empirical high-throughput screening, but does not reveal details on aggregation mechanisms or the molecular-level effects of the formulations under storage conditions. Computational modelling approaches have the potential to elucidate such mechanisms, and rapidly screen in silico prior to experimental testing. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can also provide complementary insights into excipient–protein interactions. This review will highlight the underpinning principles of molecular modelling and NMR spectroscopy. It will also discuss the advancements in the applications of computational and NMR approaches in investigating excipient–protein interactions.
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Novel Chlorhexidine-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles for Root Canal Treatment. J Funct Biomater 2018; 9:jfb9020029. [PMID: 29673188 PMCID: PMC6023436 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence of microorganisms in dentinal tubules after root canal chemo-mechanical preparation has been well documented. The complex anatomy of the root canal and dentinal buffering ability make delivery of antimicrobial agents difficult. This work explores the use of a novel trilayered nanoparticle (TNP) drug delivery system that encapsulates chlorhexidine digluconate, which is aimed at improving the disinfection of the root canal system. Chlorhexidine digluconate was encapsulated inside polymeric self-assembled TNPs. These were self-assembled through water-in-oil emulsion from poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic acid) (PEG-b-PLA), a di-block copolymer, with one hydrophilic segment and another hydrophobic. The resulting TNPs were physicochemically characterized and their antimicrobial effectiveness was evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis using a broth inhibition method. The hydrophilic interior of the TNPs successfully entrapped chlorhexidine digluconate. The resulting TNPs had particle size ranging from 140–295 nm, with adequate encapsulation efficiency, and maintained inhibition of bacteria over 21 days. The delivery of antibacterial irrigants throughout the dentinal matrix by employing the TNP system described in this work may be an effective alternative to improve root canal disinfection.
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15
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Castleberry SA, Quadir MA, Sharkh MA, Shopsowitz KE, Hammond PT. Polymer conjugated retinoids for controlled transdermal delivery. J Control Release 2017; 262:1-9. [PMID: 28690160 PMCID: PMC5641977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a derivative of vitamin A, is a common component in cosmetics and commercial acne creams as well as being a first-line chemotherapeutic agent. Today, formulations for the topical application of ATRA rely on creams and emulsions to incorporate the highly hydrophobic ATRA drug. These strategies, when applied to the skin, deliver ATRA as a single bolus, which is immediately taken up into the skin and contributes to many of the known adverse side effects of ATRA treatment, including skin irritation and hair loss. Herein we present a new concept in topical delivery of retinoids by covalently bonding the drug through a hydrolytically degradable ester linkage to a common hydrophilic polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), creating an amphiphilic nanomaterial that is water-soluble. This PVA bound ATRA can then act as a pro-drug and accumulate within the skin to allow for the sustained controlled delivery of active ATRA. This approach was demonstrated to release active ATRA out to 10days in vitro while significantly enhancing dermal accumulation of the ATRA in explant pig skin. In vivo we demonstrate that the pro-drug formulation reduces application site inflammation compared to free ATRA and retains the drug at the application site at measurable quantities for up to six days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Castleberry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Mohiuddin A Quadir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Malak Abu Sharkh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Kevin E Shopsowitz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Koch Institute of Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
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16
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Montenegro-Nicolini M, Miranda V, Morales JO. Inkjet Printing of Proteins: an Experimental Approach. AAPS JOURNAL 2016; 19:234-243. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9997-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Barata TS, Zhang C, Dalby PA, Brocchini S, Zloh M. Identification of Protein-Excipient Interaction Hotspots Using Computational Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060853. [PMID: 27258262 PMCID: PMC4926387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein formulation development relies on the selection of excipients that inhibit protein–protein interactions preventing aggregation. Empirical strategies involve screening many excipient and buffer combinations using force degradation studies. Such methods do not readily provide information on intermolecular interactions responsible for the protective effects of excipients. This study describes a molecular docking approach to screen and rank interactions allowing for the identification of protein–excipient hotspots to aid in the selection of excipients to be experimentally screened. Previously published work with Drosophila Su(dx) was used to develop and validate the computational methodology, which was then used to determine the formulation hotspots for Fab A33. Commonly used excipients were examined and compared to the regions in Fab A33 prone to protein–protein interactions that could lead to aggregation. This approach could provide information on a molecular level about the protective interactions of excipients in protein formulations to aid the more rational development of future formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa S Barata
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Emergent Macromolecular Therapies, University College London, Biochemical Engineering Department, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK.
- UCL School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Emergent Macromolecular Therapies, University College London, Biochemical Engineering Department, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK.
| | - Paul A Dalby
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Emergent Macromolecular Therapies, University College London, Biochemical Engineering Department, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK.
| | - Steve Brocchini
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Emergent Macromolecular Therapies, University College London, Biochemical Engineering Department, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK.
- UCL School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
| | - Mire Zloh
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Postgraduate Medicine, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
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18
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Ben Halima N. Poly(vinyl alcohol): review of its promising applications and insights into biodegradation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05742j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(vinyl alcohol) is a promising class of synthetic polymer biodegradable under a two-step metabolism consisting of an oxidation and hydrolysis.
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