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Yoo SJ, Hwang J, Jang J, Jang JH, Park CH, Lee JH, Choi MY, Yuk JM, Choi SY, Lee J, Chung SY. Comparing the Impacts of Strain Types on Oxygen-Vacancy Formation in a Perovskite Oxide via Nanometer-Scale Strain Fields. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18465-18476. [PMID: 38888543 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of an in-plane lattice misfit in an oxide epitaxially grown on another oxide with a different lattice parameter is a well-known approach to induce strains in oxide materials. However, achieving a sufficiently large misfit strain in this heteroepitaxial configuration is usually challenging, unless the thickness of the grown oxide is kept well below a critical value to prevent the formation of misfit dislocations at the interface for relaxation. Instead of adhering to this conventional approach, here, we employ nanometer-scale large strain fields built around misfit dislocations to examine the effects of two distinct types of strains─tension and compression─on the generation of oxygen vacancies in heteroepitaxial LaCoO3 films. Our atomic-level observations, coupled with local electron-beam irradiation, clarify that the in-plane compression notably suppresses the creation of oxygen vacancies, whereas the formation of vacancies is facilitated under tensile strain. Demonstrating that the defect generation can considerably vary with the type of strain, our study highlights that the experimental approach adopted in this work is applicable to other oxide systems when investigating the strain effects on vacancy formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jo Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea
| | - Jaejin Hwang
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jae Hyuck Jang
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea
| | - Min Yeong Choi
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea
| | - Jong Min Yuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Si-Young Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jaekwang Lee
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sung-Yoon Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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2
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Cheraparambil H, Vega-Paredes M, Scheu C, Weidenthaler C. Unraveling the Evolution of Dynamic Active Sites of LaNi xFe 1-xO 3 Catalysts During OER. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:21997-22006. [PMID: 38647135 PMCID: PMC11071036 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Perovskites have attracted tremendous attention as potential catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It is well-known that the introduction of Fe into rare earth perovskites such as LaNiO3 enhances the intrinsic OER activity. Despite numerous studies on structure-property relationships, the origin of the activity and the nature of the active species are still elusive and unclear. In this work, we study a series of LaNixFe1-xO3 perovskites using in situ electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy to decipher the surface evolution and formation of active species during OER. While the origin of the activity arises from NiOOH species formed from the active Ni centers in LaNiO3, our work shows that Fe serves as the active center in LaNi0.5Fe0.5O3 and forms Fe-O-Ni and FeOOH species during OER. The OER activity of LaFeO3 originates from FeOOH species, which interact with the soluble Ni species in the electrolyte forming an active electrode-electrolyte interface with high-valent stable surface iron species (Fe4+) and thereby improving the performance. Our work provides deeper insights into the synergistic effects of Ni and Fe on the catalytic activity, which in turn provides new design principles for perovskite catalysts for the OER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritha Cheraparambil
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Miquel Vega-Paredes
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Düsseldorf 40237, Germany
| | - Christina Scheu
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Düsseldorf 40237, Germany
| | - Claudia Weidenthaler
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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3
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Yang Z, Wang L, Dhas JA, Engelhard MH, Bowden ME, Liu W, Zhu Z, Wang C, Chambers SA, Sushko PV, Du Y. Guided anisotropic oxygen transport in vacancy ordered oxides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6068. [PMID: 37770428 PMCID: PMC10539514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Anisotropic and efficient transport of ions under external stimuli governs the operation and failure mechanisms of energy-conversion systems and microelectronics devices. However, fundamental understanding of ion hopping processes is impeded by the lack of atomically precise materials and probes that allow for the monitoring and control at the appropriate time- and length- scales. In this work, using in-situ transmission electron microscopy, we directly show that oxygen ion migration in vacancy ordered, semiconducting SrFeO2.5 epitaxial thin films can be guided to proceed through two distinctly different diffusion pathways, each resulting in different polymorphs of SrFeO2.75 with different ground electronic properties before reaching a fully oxidized, metallic SrFeO3 phase. The diffusion steps and reaction intermediates are revealed by means of ab-initio calculations. The principles of controlling oxygen diffusion pathways and reaction intermediates demonstrated here may advance the rational design of structurally ordered oxides for tailored applications and provide insights for developing devices with multiple states of regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Yang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE), Department of Electronics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Dhas
- School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Mark H Engelhard
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Mark E Bowden
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Wen Liu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Chongmin Wang
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Scott A Chambers
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Peter V Sushko
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
| | - Yingge Du
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.
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4
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MacManus-Driscoll JL, Wu R, Li W. Interface-related phenomena in epitaxial complex oxide ferroics across different thin film platforms: opportunities and challenges. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1060-1086. [PMID: 36815609 PMCID: PMC10068909 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01527g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces in complex oxides give rise to fascinating new physical phenomena arising from the interconnected spin, lattice, charge and orbital degrees of freedom. Most commonly, interfaces are engineered in epitaxial superlattice films. Of growing interest also are epitaxial vertically aligned nanocomposite films where interfaces form by self-assembly. These two thin film forms offer different capabilities for materials tuning and have been explored largely separately from one another. Ferroics (ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, multiferroic) are among the most fascinating phenomena to be manipulated using interface effects. Hence, in this review we compare and contrast the ferroic properties that arise in these two different film forms, highlighting exemplary materials combinations which demonstrate novel, enhanced and/or emergent ferroic functionalities. We discuss the origins of the observed functionalities and propose where knowledge can be translated from one materials form to another, to potentially produce new functionalities. Finally, for the two different film forms we present a perspective on underexplored/emerging research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
- Spin-X Institute, School of Physics and Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK.
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, College of Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
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5
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Xu K, Lin T, Rao Y, Wang Z, Yang Q, Zhang H, Zhu J. Direct investigation of the atomic structure and decreased magnetism of antiphase boundaries in garnet. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3206. [PMID: 35680884 PMCID: PMC9184601 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30992-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ferrimagnetic insulator iron garnets, tailored artificially with specific compositions, have been widely utilized in magneto-optical (MO) devices. The adjustment on synthesis always induces structural variation, which is underestimated due to the limited knowledge of the local structures. Here, by analyzing the structure and magnetic properties, two different antiphase boundaries (APBs) with individual interfacial structure are investigated in substituted iron garnet film. We reveal that magnetic signals decrease in the regions close to APBs, which implies degraded MO performance. In particular, the segregation of oxygen deficiencies across the APBs directly leads to reduced magnetic elements, further decreases the magnetic moment of Fe and results in a higher absorption coefficient close to the APBs. Furthermore, the formation of APBs can be eliminated by optimizing the growth rate, thus contributing to the enhanced MO performance. These analyses at the atomic scale provide important guidance for optimizing MO functional materials. Iron garnets are widely used in magneto-optical devices, but knowledge of the effects of common defects on performance is limited. Here, using high-resolution microscopy and spectroscopy, the authors find that magnetism is weakened near these defects causing reduced performance, but can be avoided by tuning the growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China.,Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Central Nano & Micro Mechanism, Beijing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Yiheng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P.R. China.,Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories, Wuhan, 430205, P.R. China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Qinghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P.R. China
| | - Huaiwu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China. .,Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China. .,Central Nano & Micro Mechanism, Beijing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China.
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6
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Orvis T, Cao T, Surendran M, Kumarasubramanian H, Thind AS, Cunniff A, Mishra R, Ravichandran J. Direct Observation and Control of Surface Termination in Perovskite Oxide Heterostructures. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4160-4166. [PMID: 33974439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial behavior of quantum materials leads to emergent phenomena such as quantum phase transitions and metastable functional phases. Probes for in situ and real time surface-sensitive characterization are critical for control during epitaxial synthesis of heterostructures. Termination switching in complex oxides has been studied using a variety of probes, often ex situ; however, direct in situ observation of this phenomena during growth is rare. To address this, we establish in situ and real time Auger electron spectroscopy for pulsed laser deposition with reflection high energy electron diffraction, providing structural and compositional surface information during film deposition. Using this capability, we show the direct observation and control of surface termination in heterostructures of SrTiO3 and SrRuO3. Density-functional-theory calculations capture the energetics and stability of the observed structures, elucidating their electronic behavior. This work demonstrates an exciting approach to monitor and control the composition of materials at the atomic scale for control over emergent phenomena and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Orvis
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Core Center for Excellence in Nano Imaging, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Tengfei Cao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Mythili Surendran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Core Center for Excellence in Nano Imaging, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Harish Kumarasubramanian
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Arashdeep Singh Thind
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Austin Cunniff
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Rohan Mishra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jayakanth Ravichandran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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7
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Tian J, Zhang Y, Fan Z, Wu H, Zhao L, Rao J, Chen Z, Guo H, Lu X, Zhou G, Pennycook SJ, Gao X, Liu JM. Nanoscale Phase Mixture and Multifield-Induced Topotactic Phase Transformation in SrFeO x. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21883-21893. [PMID: 32314574 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale phase mixtures in transition-metal oxides (TMOs) often render these materials susceptible to external stimuli (electric field, mechanical stress, etc.), which can lead to rich functional properties and device applications. Here, direct observation and multifield manipulation of a nanoscale mixture of brownmillerite SrFeO2.5 (BM-SFO) and perovskite SrFeO3 (PV-SFO) phases in SrFeOx (SFO) epitaxial thin films are reported. The mixed-phase SFO film in its pristine state exhibits a nanoscaffold structure consisting of PV-SFO nanodomains embedded in the BM-SFO matrix. This nanoscaffold structure produces gridlike patterns in the current and electrochemical strain maps, owing to the strikingly different electrical and electrochemical properties of BM-SFO and PV-SFO. Moreover, electric field control of reversible topotactic phase transformation between BM-SFO and PV-SFO is demonstrated by electric-field-induced reversible changes in surface height, conductance, and electrochemical strain response. In addition, it is also shown that the BM-SFO → PV-SFO phase transformation can be enabled by applying mechanical stress. This study therefore not only identifies a strong nanometric structure-property correlation in the mixed-phase SFO but also offers a new paradigm for the multifield control of topotactic phase transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiang Tian
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haijun Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingjing Rao
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zuhuang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- School of Physical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xubing Lu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xingsen Gao
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Ming Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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8
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Mundet B, Hartman ST, Guzman R, Idrobo JC, Obradors X, Puig T, Mishra R, Gázquez J. Local strain-driven migration of oxygen vacancies to apical sites in YBa 2Cu 3O 7-x. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:5922-5931. [PMID: 32108218 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that in the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO), oxygen vacancies (VO) control the carrier concentration, its critical current density and transition temperature. In this work, it is revealed that VO also allows the accommodation of local strain fields caused by large-scale defects within the crystal. We show that the nanoscale strain associated with Y2Ba4Cu8O16 (Y124) intergrowths-that are common defects in YBCO-strongly affect the venue and concentration of VO. Local probe measurements in conjunction with density-functional-theory calculations indicate a strain-driven reordering of VO from the commonly observed CuO chains towards the bridging apical sites located in the BaO plane and bind directly to the superconducting CuO2 planes. Our findings have strong implications on the physical properties of the YBCO, as the presence of apical VO alters the transfer of carriers to the CuO2 planes, confirmed by changes in the Cu and O core-loss edge probed using electron energy loss spectroscopy, and creates structural changes that affect the Cu-O bonds in the superconducting planes. In addition, the revelation of apical VO also has implications on modulating critical current densities and enhancing vortex pinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Mundet
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Steven T Hartman
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Roger Guzman
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan C Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Xavier Obradors
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Teresa Puig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rohan Mishra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
| | - Jaume Gázquez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Tian J, Wu H, Fan Z, Zhang Y, Pennycook SJ, Zheng D, Tan Z, Guo H, Yu P, Lu X, Zhou G, Gao X, Liu JM. Nanoscale Topotactic Phase Transformation in SrFeO x Epitaxial Thin Films for High-Density Resistive Switching Memory. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903679. [PMID: 31639262 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Resistive switching (RS) memory has stayed at the forefront of next-generation nonvolatile memory technologies. Recently, a novel class of transition metal oxides (TMOs), which exhibit reversible topotactic phase transformation between insulating brownmillerite (BM) phase and conducting perovskite (PV) phase, has emerged as promising candidate materials for RS memories. Nevertheless, the microscopic mechanism of RS in these TMOs is still unclear. Furthermore, RS devices with simultaneously high density and superior memory performance are yet to be reported. Here, using SrFeOx as a model system, it is directly observed that PV SrFeO3 nanofilaments are formed and extend almost through the BM SrFeO2.5 matrix in the ON state and are ruptured in the OFF state, unambiguously revealing a filamentary RS mechanism. The nanofilaments are ≈10 nm in diameter, enabling to downscale Au/SrFeOx /SrRuO3 RS devices to the 100 nm range for the first time. These nanodevices exhibit good performance including ON/OFF ratio as high as ≈104 , retention time over 105 s, and endurance up to 107 cycles. This study significantly advances the understanding of the RS mechanism in TMOs exhibiting topotactic phase transformation, and it also demonstrates the potential of these materials for use in high-density RS memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiang Tian
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haijun Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Zhen Fan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Dongfeng Zheng
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhengwei Tan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- School of Physical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Pu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xubing Lu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xingsen Gao
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun-Ming Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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10
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Yang B, Feng Y, Yu Y, He S, Liu H, Xue L, Yang L. Lanthanum ferrite nanoparticles modification onto biochar: derivation from four different methods and high performance for phosphate adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:22010-22020. [PMID: 31144178 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To effectively remove phosphate pollution and convectively reuse phosphate resource, straw biochar was firstly functionalized with lanthanum ferrite (LaFeO3) via four different methods, including one-step co-precipitation (S-C), two-step co-precipitation (B-C), one-step impregnation (S-E), and two-step impregnation (B-E). LaFeO3/biochar was characterized systematically by a series of characterization methods. The influence of preparation methods, operation conditions on adsorption process, and the regenerability were studied. The products prepared by four methods displayed different physical morphology and chemical analysis proved chemical composition were similar. LaFeO3/biochar exhibited high adsorption capacity, the pseudo-second-order and Sips models were fitted for the adsorption equilibrium. The LaFeO3/biochar exhibited outstanding phosphate adsorption performance with pH values ranging from 2.3 to 10.6; La ions release was similarly negligible, when pH value was higher than 5.27. The adsorption mechanism was studied and inferred that La species is the key to adsorption ability. The results obtained provide better understanding of the adsorption phenomena and indicate the available preparation technologies and potential usefulness of LaFeO3/biochar for removing phosphate pollution. Graphical abstract "."
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingliang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyin He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Linzhang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Ziatdinov M, Dyck O, Maksov A, Li X, Sang X, Xiao K, Unocic RR, Vasudevan R, Jesse S, Kalinin SV. Deep Learning of Atomically Resolved Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Images: Chemical Identification and Tracking Local Transformations. ACS NANO 2017; 11:12742-12752. [PMID: 29215876 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in scanning transmission electron and scanning probe microscopies have opened exciting opportunities in probing the materials structural parameters and various functional properties in real space with angstrom-level precision. This progress has been accompanied by an exponential increase in the size and quality of data sets produced by microscopic and spectroscopic experimental techniques. These developments necessitate adequate methods for extracting relevant physical and chemical information from the large data sets, for which a priori information on the structures of various atomic configurations and lattice defects is limited or absent. Here we demonstrate an application of deep neural networks to extract information from atomically resolved images including location of the atomic species and type of defects. We develop a "weakly supervised" approach that uses information on the coordinates of all atomic species in the image, extracted via a deep neural network, to identify a rich variety of defects that are not part of an initial training set. We further apply our approach to interpret complex atomic and defect transformation, including switching between different coordination of silicon dopants in graphene as a function of time, formation of peculiar silicon dimer with mixed 3-fold and 4-fold coordination, and the motion of molecular "rotor". This deep learning-based approach resembles logic of a human operator, but can be scaled leading to significant shift in the way of extracting and analyzing information from raw experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Artem Maksov
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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13
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Ghosh S, Borisevich AY, Pantelides ST. Engineering an Insulating Ferroelectric Superlattice with a Tunable Band Gap from Metallic Components. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:177603. [PMID: 29219470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.177603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery of "polar metals" with ferroelectriclike displacements offers the promise of designing ferroelectrics with tunable energy gaps by inducing controlled metal-insulator transitions. Here we employ first-principles calculations to design a metallic polar superlattice from nonpolar metal components and show that controlled intermixing can lead to a true insulating ferroelectric with a tunable band gap. We consider a 2/2 superlattice made of two centrosymmetric metallic oxides, La_{0.75}Sr_{0.25}MnO_{3} and LaNiO_{3}, and show that ferroelectriclike displacements are induced. The ferroelectriclike distortion is found to be strongly dependent on the carrier concentration (Sr content). Further, we show that a metal-to-insulator (MI) transition is feasible in this system via disproportionation of the Ni sites. Such a disproportionation and, hence, a MI transition can be driven by intermixing of transition metal ions between Mn and Ni layers. As a result, the energy gap of the resulting ferroelectric can be tuned by varying the degree of intermixing in the experimental fabrication method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Ghosh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Albina Y Borisevich
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Sokrates T Pantelides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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14
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Santana JA, Mishra R, Krogel JT, Borisevich AY, Kent PRC, Pantelides ST, Reboredo FA. Quantum Many-Body Effects in Defective Transition-Metal-Oxide Superlattices. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:5604-5609. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Santana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey, P.O. Box 372230, Cayey, Puerto Rico 00737-2230, United States
| | - Rohan Mishra
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and the Institute
of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | | | | | | | - Sokrates T. Pantelides
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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15
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Wu YN, Zhang XG, Pantelides ST. Fundamental Resolution of Difficulties in the Theory of Charged Point Defects in Semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:105501. [PMID: 28949192 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.105501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A defect's formation energy is a key theoretical quantity that allows the calculation of equilibrium defect concentrations in solids and aids in the identification of defects that control the properties of materials and device performance, efficiency, and reliability. The theory of formation energies is rigorous only for neutral defects, but the Coulomb potentials of charged defects require additional ad hoc numerical procedures. Here we invoke statistical mechanics to derive a revised theory of charged-defect formation energies, which eliminates the need for ad hoc numerical procedures. Calculations become straightforward and transparent. We present calculations demonstrating the significance of the revised theory for defect formation energies and thermodynamic transition levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ning Wu
- Department of Physics and the Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - X-G Zhang
- Department of Physics and the Quantum Theory Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Sokrates T Pantelides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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16
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Jang JH, Kim YM, He Q, Mishra R, Qiao L, Biegalski MD, Lupini AR, Pantelides ST, Pennycook SJ, Kalinin SV, Borisevich AY. In Situ Observation of Oxygen Vacancy Dynamics and Ordering in the Epitaxial LaCoO 3 System. ACS NANO 2017; 11:6942-6949. [PMID: 28602092 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Vacancy dynamics and ordering underpin the electrochemical functionality of complex oxides and strongly couple to their physical properties. In the field of the epitaxial thin films, where connection between chemistry and film properties can be most clearly revealed, the effects related to oxygen vacancies are attracting increasing attention. In this article, we report a direct, real-time, atomic level observation of the formation of oxygen vacancies in the epitaxial LaCoO3 thin films and heterostructures under the influence of the electron beam utilizing scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). In the case of LaCoO3/SrTiO3 superlattice, the formation of the oxygen vacancies is shown to produce quantifiable changes in the interatomic distances, as well as qualitative changes in the symmetry of the Co sites manifested as off-center displacements. The onset of these changes was observed in both the [100]pc and [110]pc orientations in real time. Additionally, annular bright field images directly show the formation of oxygen vacancy channels along [110]pc direction. In the case of 15 u.c. LaCoO3 thin film, we observe the sequence of events during beam-induced formation of oxygen vacancy ordered phases and find them consistent with similar processes in the bulk. Moreover, we record the dynamics of the nucleation, growth, and defect interaction at the atomic scale as these transformations happen. These results demonstrate that we can track dynamic oxygen vacancy behavior with STEM, generating atomic-level quantitative information on phase transformation and oxygen diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyuck Jang
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Center for Electron Microscopy Research, Korea Basic Science Institute , Daejeon 34133, South Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Qian He
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Rohan Mishra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Liang Qiao
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Michael D Biegalski
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Andrew R Lupini
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Sokrates T Pantelides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Stephen J Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore , 117575, Singapore
| | - Sergei V Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Albina Y Borisevich
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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17
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Zhang Q, He X, Shi J, Lu N, Li H, Yu Q, Zhang Z, Chen LQ, Morris B, Xu Q, Yu P, Gu L, Jin K, Nan CW. Atomic-resolution imaging of electrically induced oxygen vacancy migration and phase transformation in SrCoO 2.5-σ. Nat Commun 2017; 8:104. [PMID: 28740076 PMCID: PMC5524633 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen ion transport is the key issue in redox processes. Visualizing the process of oxygen ion migration with atomic resolution is highly desirable for designing novel devices such as oxidation catalysts, oxygen permeation membranes, and solid oxide fuel cells. Here we show the process of electrically induced oxygen migration and subsequent reconstructive structural transformation in a SrCoO2.5−σ film by scanning transmission electron microscopy. We find that the extraction of oxygen from every second SrO layer occurs gradually under an electrical bias; beyond a critical voltage, the brownmillerite units collapse abruptly and evolve into a periodic nano-twined phase with a high c/a ratio and distorted tetrahedra. Our results show that oxygen vacancy rows are not only natural oxygen diffusion channels, but also preferred sites for the induced oxygen vacancies. These direct experimental results of oxygen migration may provide a common mechanism for the electrically induced structural evolution of oxides. Information on how oxygen ions transport is crucial to understanding field-induced phase transformations in materials. Here, Zhang et al. directly image atomic-scale oxygen migration and the subsequent structural reconstruction in a SrCoO2.5-σ film in the presence of an electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xu He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinan Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Nianpeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haobo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Ze Zhang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Long-Qing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Bill Morris
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94706, USA
| | - Qiang Xu
- DENSsolutions, Informaticalaan 12, Delft, 2628ZD, The Netherlands
| | - Pu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100190, China.,RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-198, Japan
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Kuijuan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ce-Wen Nan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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18
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Santana JA, Krogel JT, Kent PRC, Reboredo FA. Diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations of SrFeO3 and LaFeO3. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:034701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4994083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Santana
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey, P.O. Box 372230, Cayey, Puerto Rico 00737-2230, USA
| | - Jaron T. Krogel
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Paul R. C. Kent
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Fernando A. Reboredo
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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19
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Young J, Moon EJ, Mukherjee D, Stone G, Gopalan V, Alem N, May SJ, Rondinelli JM. Polar Oxides without Inversion Symmetry through Vacancy and Chemical Order. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2833-2841. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Young
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Eun Ju Moon
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Debangshu Mukherjee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Greg Stone
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Nasim Alem
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Steven J. May
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - James M. Rondinelli
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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