1
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Zhang B, Liu B, Wu Z, Oyama K, Ikari M, Yagi H, Tochio N, Kigawa T, Mikawa T, Miyake T. A Hybrid Nanotube Stamp System in Intracellular Protein Delivery for Cancer Treatment and NMR Analytical Techniques. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8349-8355. [PMID: 38745349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to intracellular gene transfer, the direct delivery of expressed proteins is a significantly challenging yet essential technique for elucidating cellular functions, including protein complex structure, liquid-liquid phase separation, therapeutic applications, and reprogramming. In this study, we developed a hybrid nanotube (HyNT) stamp system that physically inserts the HyNTs into adhesive cells, enabling the injection of target molecules through HyNT ducts. This system demonstrates the capability to deliver multiple proteins, such as lactate oxidase (LOx) and ubiquitin (UQ), to approximately 1.8 × 107 adhesive cells with a delivery efficiency of 89.9% and a viability of 97.1%. The delivery of LOx enzyme into HeLa cancer cells induced cell death, while enzyme-delivered healthy cells remained viable. Furthermore, our stamp system can deliver an isotope-labeled UQ into adhesive cells for detection by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhang
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Bingfu Liu
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Zhouji Wu
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Oyama
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikari
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yagi
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Naoya Tochio
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takanori Kigawa
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Mikawa
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takeo Miyake
- Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
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2
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Zhou H, He Y, Xiong W, Jing S, Duan X, Huang Z, Nahal GS, Peng Y, Li M, Zhu Y, Ye Q. MSC based gene delivery methods and strategies improve the therapeutic efficacy of neurological diseases. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:409-437. [PMCID: PMC9713256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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3
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Chakrabarty P, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Santra TS. Combinatorial physical methods for cellular therapy: Towards the future of cellular analysis? J Control Release 2023; 353:1084-1095. [PMID: 36538949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The physical energy activated techniques for cellular delivery and analysis is one of the most rapidly expanding research areas for a variety of biological and biomedical discoveries. These methods, such as electroporation, optoporation, sonoporation, mechanoporation, magnetoporation, etc., have been widely used in delivering different biomolecules into a range of primary and patient-derived cell types. However, the techniques when used individually have had limitations in delivery and co-delivery of diverse biomolecules in various cell types. In recent years, a number of studies have been performed by combining the different membrane disruption techniques, either sequentially or simultaneously, in a single study. The studies, referred to as combinatorial, or hybrid techniques, have demonstrated enhanced transfection, such as efficient macromolecular and gene delivery and co-delivery, at lower delivery parameters and with high cell viability. Such studies can open up new and exciting avenues for understanding the subcellular structure and consequently facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This review consequently aims at summarising the different developments in hybrid therapeutic techniques. The different methods discussed include mechano-electroporation, electro-sonoporation, magneto-mechanoporation, magnetic nanoparticles enhanced electroporation, and magnetic hyperthermia studies. We discuss the clinical status of the different methods and conclude with a discussion on the future prospects of the combinatorial techniques for cellular therapy and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
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4
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Chakrabarty P, Gupta P, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Tseng FG, Santra TS. Microfluidic mechanoporation for cellular delivery and analysis. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100193. [PMID: 35005598 PMCID: PMC8718663 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient intracellular delivery strategies are essential for developing therapeutic, diagnostic, biological, and various biomedical applications. The recent advancement of micro/nanotechnology has focused numerous researches towards developing microfluidic device-based strategies due to the associated high throughput delivery, cost-effectiveness, robustness, and biocompatible nature. The delivery strategies can be carrier-mediated or membrane disruption-based, where membrane disruption methods find popularity due to reduced toxicity, enhanced delivery efficiency, and cell viability. Among all of the membrane disruption techniques, the mechanoporation strategies are advantageous because of no external energy source required for membrane deformation, thereby achieving high delivery efficiencies and increased cell viability into different cell types with negligible toxicity. The past two decades have consequently seen a tremendous boost in mechanoporation-based research for intracellular delivery and cellular analysis. This article provides a brief review of the most recent developments on microfluidic-based mechanoporation strategies such as microinjection, nanoneedle arrays, cell-squeezing, and hydroporation techniques with their working principle, device fabrication, cellular delivery, and analysis. Moreover, a brief discussion of the different mechanoporation strategies integrated with other delivery methods has also been provided. Finally, the advantages, limitations, and future prospects of this technique are discussed compared to other intracellular delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB30FA, UK
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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5
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Controlled delivery of quantum dots using microelectrophoresis technique: Intracellular behavior and preservation of cell viability. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 144:108035. [PMID: 34906817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of synthetic nanomaterials as contrast agents, sensors, and drug delivery vehicles in biological research primarily requires effective approaches for intracellular delivery. Recently, the well-accepted microelectrophoresis technique has been reported to exhibit the ability to deliver nanomaterials, quantum dots (QDs) as an example, into live cells, but information about cell viability and intracellular fate of delivered nanomaterials is yet to be provided. Here we show that cell viability following microelectrophoresis of QDs is strongly correlated with the amount of delivered QDs, which can be finely controlled by tuning the ejection duration to maintain long-term cell survival. We reveal that microelectrophoretic delivered QDs distribute homogeneously and present pure Brownian diffusion inside the cytoplasm without endosomal entrapment, having great potential for the study of dynamic intracellular events. We validate that microelectrophoresis is a powerful technique for the effective intracellular delivery of QDs and potentially various functional nanomaterials in biological research.
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6
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High‐Efficient and Dosage‐Controllable Intracellular Cargo Delivery through Electrochemical Metal–Organic Hybrid Nanogates. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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7
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Liu Q, Wang D, Yu M, Cong B, Yu X. The influences of electric field intensity and driving force on the slip behaviour of water flow in a nanochannel. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257589. [PMID: 34551001 PMCID: PMC8457446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to investigate the flow of liquid water between two metallic solid atomistic smooth walls. The present work focuses on the combined effect of external electric field and driving force on the slip behaviour and structure of liquid water at the solid-water interface. The upper wall of the set model is positively charged, and the lower wall of the model is negatively charged. The simulation results show that as the driving force increases, the slip length also increases. At a given driving force, no matter how the electric field intensity changes, there is almost no change in the slip length, so the slip length is independent of the electric field strength. In addition, the results found that there is a linear relationship between the slip length and the normalised main peak of the static structure factor under different driving forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Dezheng Wang
- Beijing Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P. R. China
| | - Biao Cong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (BC); (XY)
| | - Xiaopeng Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation, Jilin Normal University, Siping, Jilin, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (BC); (XY)
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8
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Non-viral delivery systems of DNA into stem cells: Promising and multifarious actions for regenerative medicine. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Jiang F, Zhu Y, Gong C, Wei X. Atherosclerosis and Nanomedicine Potential: Current Advances and Future Opportunities. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3534-3554. [PMID: 30827225 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190301143952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading inducement of cardiovascular diseases, which ranks the first cause of global deaths. It is an arterial disease associated with dyslipidemia and changes in the composition of the vascular wall. Besides invasive surgical strategy, the current conservative clinical treatment for atherosclerosis falls into two categories, lipid regulating-based therapy and antiinflammatory therapy. However, the existing strategies based on conventional drug delivery systems have shown limited efficacy against disease development and plenty of side effects. Nanomedicine has great potential in the development of targeted therapy, controlled drug delivery and release, the design of novel specific drugs and diagnostic modalities, and biocompatible scaffolds with multifunctional characteristics, which has led to an evolution in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. This paper will focus on the latest nanomedicine strategies for atherosclerosis diagnosis and treatment as well as discussing the potential therapeutic targets during atherosclerosis progress, which could form the basis of development of novel nanoplatform against atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Jiang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunqi Zhu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Wei
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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10
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Qu Y, Zhang Y, Yu Q, Chen H. Surface-Mediated Intracellular Delivery by Physical Membrane Disruption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:31054-31078. [PMID: 32559060 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective and nondestructive intracellular delivery of exogenous molecules and other functional materials into living cells is of importance for diverse biological fundamental research and therapeutic applications, such as gene editing and cell-based therapies. However, for most exogenous molecules, the cell plasma membrane is effectively impermeable and thus remains the greatest barrier to intracellular delivery. In recent years, methods based on surface-mediated physical membrane disruption have attracted considerable attention. These methods exploit the physical properties of the surface to transiently increase the membrane permeability of cells come in contact thereto, thereby facilitating the efficient intracellular delivery of molecules regardless of molecule or target cell type. In this Review, we focus on recent progress, particularly over the past decade, on these surface-mediated membrane disruption-based delivery systems. According to the membrane disruption mechanism, three categories can be recognized: (i) mechanical penetration, (ii) electroporation, and (iii) photothermal poration. Each of these is discussed in turn and a brief perspective on future developments in this promising area is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangcui Qu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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11
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Wen R, Zhang AH, Liu D, Feng J, Yang J, Xia D, Wang J, Li C, Zhang T, Hu N, Hang T, He G, Xie X. Intracellular Delivery and Sensing System Based on Electroplated Conductive Nanostraw Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:43936-43948. [PMID: 31696695 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional nanoneedle-like arrays have emerged as an attractive tool for penetrating the cell membrane to achieve intracellular applications including drug delivery, electrical recording, and biochemical detection. Hollow nanoneedles, also called nanostraws (NSs), combined with nanoelectroporation have been demonstrated as a powerful platform for intracellular drug delivery and extraction of intracellular contents. However, the fabrication technique of nanostraws still requires complicated and expensive atomic layer deposition and etching processes and fails to produce conductive nanostraws. Herein, we developed a commonly accessible and versatile electrodeposition approach to controllably fabricate conductive nanostraw arrays based on various types of metal or conductive polymer materials. Representatively, Pt nanostraws (Pt NSs) with 400 nm diameter were further integrated with a low-voltage nanoelectroporation system to achieve cell detection, intracellular drug delivery, and sensing of intracellular enzymes. Both theoretical simulations and experimental results revealed that the conductive nanostraws in direct contact with cells could induce high-efficiency cell electroporation at relatively low voltage (∼5 V). Efficient delivery of reagents into live cells with spatial control and repeated extraction of intracellular enzymes (e.g., caspase-3) for temporal monitoring from the same set of cells were demonstrated. This work not only pioneers a new avenue for universal production of conductive nanostraws on a large scale but also presents great potential for developing nanodevices to achieve a variety of biomedical applications including cell re-engineering, cell-based therapy, and signaling pathway monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Di Liu
- Pritzker School of Medicine , University of Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60637 , United States
| | - Jianming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Jiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine , Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center , Guangzhou 510060 , China
| | - Dehua Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Ji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Chunwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Tian Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Gen He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Xi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
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12
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Chang L, Wang YC, Ershad F, Yang R, Yu C, Fan Y. Wearable Devices for Single-Cell Sensing and Transfection. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:1175-1188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Chen Y, Aslanoglou S, Gervinskas G, Abdelmaksoud H, Voelcker NH, Elnathan R. Cellular Deformations Induced by Conical Silicon Nanowire Arrays Facilitate Gene Delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1904819. [PMID: 31599099 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineered cell-nanostructured interfaces generated by vertically aligned silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays have become a promising platform for orchestrating cell behavior, function, and fate. However, the underlying mechanism in SiNW-mediated intracellular access and delivery is still poorly understood. This study demonstrates the development of a gene delivery platform based on conical SiNW arrays for mechanical cell transfection, assisted by centrifugal force, for both adherent and nonadherent cells in vitro. Cells form focal adhesions on SiNWs within 6 h, and maintain high viability and motility. Such a functional and dynamic cell-SiNW interface features conformational changes in the plasma membrane and in some cases the nucleus, promoting both direct penetration and endocytosis; this synergistically facilitates SiNW-mediated delivery of nucleic acids into immortalized cell lines, and into difficult-to-transfect primary immune T cells without pre-activation. Moreover, transfected cells retrieved from SiNWs retain the capacity to proliferate-crucial to future biomedical applications. The results indicate that SiNW-mediated intracellular delivery holds great promise for developing increasingly sophisticated investigative and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Chen
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Stella Aslanoglou
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Gediminas Gervinskas
- Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, 15 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Hazem Abdelmaksoud
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarbrücken, 66123, Germany
| | - Roey Elnathan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
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14
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Liu T, Cui Q, Wu Q, Li X, Song K, Ge D, Guan S. Mechanism Study of Bacteria Killed on Nanostructures. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:8686-8696. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqing Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Kedong Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Dan Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Shui Guan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
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15
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Man T, Zhu X, Chow YT, Dawson ER, Wen X, Patananan AN, Liu TL, Zhao C, Wu C, Hong JS, Chung PS, Clemens DL, Lee BY, Weiss PS, Teitell MA, Chiou PY. Intracellular Photothermal Delivery for Suspension Cells Using Sharp Nanoscale Tips in Microwells. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10835-10844. [PMID: 31487464 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Efficient intracellular delivery of biomolecules into cells that grow in suspension is of great interest for biomedical research, such as for applications in cancer immunotherapy. Although tremendous effort has been expended, it remains challenging for existing transfer platforms to deliver materials efficiently into suspension cells. Here, we demonstrate a high-efficiency photothermal delivery approach for suspension cells using sharp nanoscale metal-coated tips positioned at the edge of microwells, which provide controllable membrane disruption for each cell in an array. Self-aligned microfabrication generates a uniform microwell array with three-dimensional nanoscale metallic sharp tip structures. Suspension cells self-position by gravity within each microwell in direct contact with eight sharp tips, where laser-induced cavitation bubbles generate transient pores in the cell membrane to facilitate intracellular delivery of extracellular cargo. A range of cargo sizes were tested on this platform using Ramos suspension B cells with an efficiency of >84% for Calcein green (0.6 kDa) and >45% for FITC-dextran (2000 kDa), with retained viability of >96% and a throughput of >100 000 cells delivered per minute. The bacterial enzyme β-lactamase (29 kDa) was delivered into Ramos B cells and retained its biological activity, whereas a green fluorescence protein expression plasmid was delivered into Ramos B cells with a transfection efficiency of >58%, and a viability of >89% achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxing Man
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Xiongfeng Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Yu Ting Chow
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Emma R Dawson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Ximiao Wen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Alexander N Patananan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Tingyi Leo Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Chuanzhen Zhao
- California NanoSystems Institute , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Cong Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Jason S Hong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Pei-Shan Chung
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Daniel L Clemens
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Bai-Yu Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Paul S Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Michael A Teitell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Pei-Yu Chiou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- Department of Bioengineering , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
- California NanoSystems Institute , University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
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16
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Abstract
Nanostructured devices are able to foster the technology for cell membrane poration. With the size smaller than a cell, nanostructures allow efficient poration on the cell membrane. Emerging nanostructures with various physical transduction have been demonstrated to accommodate effective intracellular delivery. Aside from improving poration and intracellular delivery performance, nanostructured devices also allow for the discovery of novel physiochemical phenomena and the biological response of the cell. This article provides a brief introduction to the principles of nanostructured devices for cell poration and outlines the intracellular delivery capability of the technology. In the future, we envision more exploration on new nanostructure designs and creative applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apresio K Fajrial
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309 United States of America
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17
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Chen HJ, Hang T, Yang C, Liu D, Su C, Xiao S, Liu C, Lin DA, Zhang T, Jin Q, Tao J, Wu MX, Wang J, Xie X. Functionalized Spiky Particles for Intracellular Biomolecular Delivery. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:960-969. [PMID: 31263755 PMCID: PMC6598163 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular delivery of biomolecules is of significant importance yet challenging. In addition to the conventional delivery of nanomaterials that rely on biochemical pathways, vertical nanowires have been recently proposed to physically penetrate the cell membrane, thus enabling the direct release of biomolecules into the cytoplasm circumventing endosomal routes. However, due to the inherent attachment of the nanowires to a planar 2D substrate, nanowire cell penetrations are restricted to in vitro applications, and they are incapable of providing solution-based delivery. To overcome this structural limitation, we created polyethylenimine-functionalized microparticles covered with nanospikes, namely, "spiky particles", to deliver biomolecules by utilizing the nanospikes to penetrate the cell membrane. The nanospikes might penetrate the cell membrane during particle engulfment, and this enables the bound biomolecules to be released directly into the cytosol. TiO2 spiky particles were fabricated through hydrothermal routes, and they were demonstrated to be biocompatible with HeLa cells, macrophage-like RAW cells, and fibroblast-like 3T3-L1 cells. The polyethylenimine-functionalized spiky particles provided direct delivery of fluorescent siRNA into cell cytosol and functional siRNA for gene knockdown as well as successful DNA plasmid transfection which were difficult to achieve by using microparticles without nanospikes. The spiky particles presented a unique direct cell membrane penetrant vehicle to introduce biomolecules into cell cytosol, where the biomolecules might bypass conventional endocytic degradation routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jiuan Chen
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tian Hang
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chengduan Yang
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Di Liu
- Pritzker
School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Chen Su
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chenglin Liu
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Di-an Lin
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- College
of Electrical and Information Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Quanchang Jin
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jun Tao
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Mei X. Wu
- Department
of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ji Wang
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Department
of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xi Xie
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory
of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics
and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen
University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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18
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Patchable micro/nanodevices interacting with skin. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 122:189-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Mukaibo H. Template‐Synthesized Vertical Needle Array as Injection Platform for Microalgae. CHEM REC 2018; 19:859-872. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Mukaibo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester 4510 Wegmans Hall, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
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20
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Shinde P, Mohan L, Kumar A, Dey K, Maddi A, Patananan AN, Tseng FG, Chang HY, Nagai M, Santra TS. Current Trends of Microfluidic Single-Cell Technologies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3143. [PMID: 30322072 PMCID: PMC6213733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of human disease mechanisms is difficult due to the heterogeneity in gene expression and the physiological state of cells in a given population. In comparison to bulk cell measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. In this review, we describe the recent advances in single-cell technologies and their applications in single-cell manipulation, diagnosis, and therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Loganathan Mohan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Amogh Kumar
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Koyel Dey
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Anjali Maddi
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Alexander N Patananan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan.
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
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21
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Stewart MP, Langer R, Jensen KF. Intracellular Delivery by Membrane Disruption: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Concepts. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7409-7531. [PMID: 30052023 PMCID: PMC6763210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery is a key step in biological research and has enabled decades of biomedical discoveries. It is also becoming increasingly important in industrial and medical applications ranging from biomanufacture to cell-based therapies. Here, we review techniques for membrane disruption-based intracellular delivery from 1911 until the present. These methods achieve rapid, direct, and universal delivery of almost any cargo molecule or material that can be dispersed in solution. We start by covering the motivations for intracellular delivery and the challenges associated with the different cargo types-small molecules, proteins/peptides, nucleic acids, synthetic nanomaterials, and large cargo. The review then presents a broad comparison of delivery strategies followed by an analysis of membrane disruption mechanisms and the biology of the cell response. We cover mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical strategies of membrane disruption with a particular emphasis on their applications and challenges to implementation. Throughout, we highlight specific mechanisms of membrane disruption and suggest areas in need of further experimentation. We hope the concepts discussed in our review inspire scientists and engineers with further ideas to improve intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Stewart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
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22
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Kavaldzhiev MN, Perez JE, Sougrat R, Bergam P, Ravasi T, Kosel J. Inductively actuated micro needles for on-demand intracellular delivery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9918. [PMID: 29967360 PMCID: PMC6028653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods that provide controlled influx of molecules into cells are of critical importance for uncovering cellular mechanisms, drug development and synthetic biology. However, reliable intracellular delivery without adversely affecting the cells is a major challenge. We developed a platform for on-demand intracellular delivery applications, with which cell membrane penetration is achieved by inductive heating of micro needles. The micro needles of around 1 μm in diameter and 5 μm in length are made of gold using a silicon-based micro fabrication process that provides flexibility with respect to the needles' dimensions, pitch, shell thickness and the covered area. Experiments with HCT 116 colon cancer cells showed a high biocompatibility of the gold needle platform. Transmission electron microscopy of the cell-needle interface revealed folding of the cell membrane around the needle without penetration, preventing any delivery, which was confirmed using the EthD-1 fluorescent dye. The application of an alternating magnetic field, however, resulted in the delivery of EthD-1 by localized heating of the micro needles. Fluorescence quantification showed that intracellular delivery, with as high as 75% efficiency, is achieved for specific treatment times between 1 and 5 minutes. Overexposure of the cells to the heated micro needles, i.e. longer magnetic field application, leads to an increase in cell death, which can be exploited for cleaning the platform. This method allows to perform intracellular deliver by remotely activating the micro needles via a magnetic field, and it is controlled by the application time, making it a versatile and easy to use method. The wireless actuation could also be an attractive feature for in-vivo delivery and implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mincho N Kavaldzhiev
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose E Perez
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rachid Sougrat
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab-EM, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ptissam Bergam
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab-EM, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Timothy Ravasi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jürgen Kosel
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Wang GJ, Hadjiconstantinou NG. Layered Fluid Structure and Anomalous Diffusion under Nanoconfinement. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:6976-6982. [PMID: 29775320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular diffusion under nanoconfinement can differ significantly from diffusion in bulk fluids. Using molecular dynamics simulations and molecular mechanics arguments, we elucidate the effect of layering at the confining boundaries on the self-diffusion of a simple, single-phase, confined fluid. In particular, we show that anomalous diffusion due to layering is controlled by the degree of layering as quantified by the recently proposed Wall number ( Wa), which compares the strength of the wall-fluid interaction to the thermal energy. For low Wall numbers, layering is not sufficiently pronounced so as to have a significant effect, whereas for Wa ≳ 1, layering is sufficiently important to have a significant effect on diffusion dynamics. In the latter regime, we find that fluid in the fluid-solid interfacial region tends to exhibit restricted dynamics and may only leave this region via a thermally activated hopping process. We also identify conditions under which diffusivity under confinement can be estimated, to a good approximation level, as a weighted average of the bulk and first-layer region diffusivities, leading to direct expressions quantifying the deviation from bulk behavior in terms of the confinement length scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Nicolas G Hadjiconstantinou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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24
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Choi MK, Kim H, Lee BH, Kim T, Rho J, Kim MK, Kim K. Understanding carbon nanotube channel formation in the lipid membrane. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:115702. [PMID: 29332844 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaa77b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered a prominent nano-channel in cell membranes because of their prominent ion-conductance and ion-selectivity, offering agents for a biomimetic channel platform. Using a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation, we clarify a construction mechanism of vertical CNT nano-channels in a lipid membrane for a long period, which has been difficult to observe in previous CNT-lipid interaction simulations. The result shows that both the lipid coating density and length of CNT affect the suitable fabrication condition for a vertical and stable CNT channel. Also, simulation elucidated that a lipid coating on the surface of the CNT prevents the CNT from burrowing into the lipid membrane and the vertical channel is stabilized by the repulsion force between the lipids in the coating and membrane. Our study provides an essential understanding of how CNTs can form stable and vertical channels in the membrane, which is important for designing new types of artificial channels as biosensors for bio-fluidic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Ki Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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25
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Kim KH, Lee K, Hong H, Yang D, Ryu W, Nam O, Kim YC. Functionalized inclined-GaN based nanoneedles. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Celluzzi A, Paolini A, D'Oria V, Risoluti R, Materazzi S, Pezzullo M, Casciardi S, Sennato S, Bordi F, Masotti A. Biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated carbon nanotubes and bidimensional buckypapers in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018. [PMID: 29296082 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s144155.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings in nanomedicine have revealed that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as potential drug carriers, therapeutic agents and diagnostics tools. Moreover, due to their ability to cross cellular membranes, their nanosize dimension, high surface area and relatively good biocompatibility, CNTs have also been employed as a novel gene delivery vector system. In our previous work, we functionalized CNTs with two polyamine polymers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM). These compounds have low cytotoxicity, ability to conjugate microRNAs (such as miR-503) and, at the same time, transfect efficiently endothelial cells. The parameters contributing to the good efficiency of transfection that we observed were not investigated in detail. In fact, the diameter and length of CNTs are important parameters to be taken into account when evaluating the effects on drug delivery efficiency. In order to investigate the biophysical and biological contributions of polymer-coated CNTs in delivery of miRNAs to human cells, we decided to investigate three different preparations, characterized by different dimensions and aspect ratios. In particular, we took into account very small CNTs, a suspension of CNTs starting from the commercial product and a 2D material based on CNTs (ie, buckypapers [BPs]) to examine the transfection efficiency of a rigid scaffold. In conclusion, we extensively investigated the biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated CNTs and bidimensional BPs in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells, in order to optimize the transfection efficiency of these compounds to be employed as efficient drug delivery vectors in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Pezzullo
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institution for Insurance Against Accidents at Work (INAIL Research), Monte Porzio Catone
| | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Federico Bordi
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
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27
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Celluzzi A, Paolini A, D'Oria V, Risoluti R, Materazzi S, Pezzullo M, Casciardi S, Sennato S, Bordi F, Masotti A. Biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated carbon nanotubes and bidimensional buckypapers in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 13:1-18. [PMID: 29296082 PMCID: PMC5739113 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s144155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings in nanomedicine have revealed that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as potential drug carriers, therapeutic agents and diagnostics tools. Moreover, due to their ability to cross cellular membranes, their nanosize dimension, high surface area and relatively good biocompatibility, CNTs have also been employed as a novel gene delivery vector system. In our previous work, we functionalized CNTs with two polyamine polymers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM). These compounds have low cytotoxicity, ability to conjugate microRNAs (such as miR-503) and, at the same time, transfect efficiently endothelial cells. The parameters contributing to the good efficiency of transfection that we observed were not investigated in detail. In fact, the diameter and length of CNTs are important parameters to be taken into account when evaluating the effects on drug delivery efficiency. In order to investigate the biophysical and biological contributions of polymer-coated CNTs in delivery of miRNAs to human cells, we decided to investigate three different preparations, characterized by different dimensions and aspect ratios. In particular, we took into account very small CNTs, a suspension of CNTs starting from the commercial product and a 2D material based on CNTs (ie, buckypapers [BPs]) to examine the transfection efficiency of a rigid scaffold. In conclusion, we extensively investigated the biophysical and biological contributions of polyamine-coated CNTs and bidimensional BPs in the delivery of miRNAs to human cells, in order to optimize the transfection efficiency of these compounds to be employed as efficient drug delivery vectors in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Pezzullo
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institution for Insurance Against Accidents at Work (INAIL Research), Monte Porzio Catone
| | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Federico Bordi
- CNR-ISC UOS Roma, Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories
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28
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Chen X, Zhang W. Diamond nanostructures for drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:734-760. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00109b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the superior properties of diamond nanoparticles and vertically aligned diamond nanoneedles and their applications in biosensing, bioimaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Chen
- Institute for Bioengineering
- School of Engineering
- The University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh EH9 3JL
- UK
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- China
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29
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Durney AR, Frenette LC, Hodvedt EC, Krauss TD, Mukaibo H. Fabrication of Tapered Microtube Arrays and Their Application as a Microalgal Injection Platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34198-34208. [PMID: 27998153 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A template-synthesis method that enables fabrication of tapered microtube arrays is reported. Track-etched poly(ethylene terephthalate) membranes are used as the template, with closed-tipped conical pores having length and base diameter of 6.27 ± 0.28 and 1.21 ± 0.05 μm, respectively. A conductive layer of Pt is deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to enable the successive electrodeposition of Ni. By decreasing the Pt precursor pulse duration from 10 to 1 s during the ALD step, the heights of the microtubes are controlled from the maximal full length (∼6 μm) to only a fraction (1-2 μm) of the template pore. Using a pulsed-current electrodeposition (PCD) method, a smooth and uniform Ni deposit is achieved with a thickness that can be controlled as a function of the PCD cycle. The microtubes' lumen is confirmed to stay open even after 2000 cycles of Ni PCD. A potential application of the prepared array as a microinjection platform is demonstrated via successful injection of 10 nm sized CdZnS/ZnS core/shell quantum dots into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalgae cells with intact cell walls. The direct delivery method demonstrated in this paper offers novel opportunities for extending the growing interest in array-based microinjection platform to microalgal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Durney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Leah C Frenette
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Elizabeth C Hodvedt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Todd D Krauss
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Hitomi Mukaibo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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30
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Ghorbanian J, Celebi AT, Beskok A. A phenomenological continuum model for force-driven nano-channel liquid flows. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:184109. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4967294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Ghorbanian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75205, USA
| | - Alper T. Celebi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75205, USA
| | - Ali Beskok
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75205, USA
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31
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Recent advancements in nanotechnological strategies in selection, design and delivery of biomolecules for skin regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 67:747-765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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32
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Park S, Choi SO, Paik SJ, Choi S, Allen M, Prausnitz M. Intracellular delivery of molecules using microfabricated nanoneedle arrays. Biomed Microdevices 2016; 18:10. [PMID: 26797026 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-016-0038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Many bioactive molecules have intracellular targets, but have difficulty crossing the cell membrane to reach those targets. To address this difficulty, we fabricated arrays of nanoneedles to gently and simultaneously puncture 10(5) cells and thereby provide transient pathways for transport of molecules into the cells. The nanoneedles were microfabricated by etching silicon to create arrays of nanoneedles measuring 12 μm in height, tapering to a sharp tip less than 30 nm wide to facilitate puncture into cells and spaced 10 μm apart in order to have at least one nanoneedle puncture each cell in a confluent monolayer. These nanoneedles were used for intracellular delivery in two ways: puncture loading, in which nanoneedle arrays were pressed into cell monolayers, and centrifuge loading, in which cells in suspension were spun down onto nanoneedle arrays. The effects on intracellular uptake and cell viability were determined as a function of nanoneedle length and sharpness, puncture force and duration, and molecular weight of the molecule delivered. Under optimal conditions, intracellular uptake was seen in approximately 50 % of cells while maintaining high cell viability. Overall, this study provides a comparative analysis of intracellular delivery using nanoneedle arrays by two different loading methods over a range of operating parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonhee Park
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Seong-O Choi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Seung-joon Paik
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Seungkeun Choi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,School of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Mark Allen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.,Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mark Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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33
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Wu W, Mao H, Han X, Xu J, Wang W. Fabrication and characterization of SiO2/Si heterogeneous nanopillar arrays. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:305301. [PMID: 27319739 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/30/305301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work presents arrays of heterogeneous nanopillars stacked with Si bodies and SiO2 heads for biomedical applications. Novel crossed and overlapped spacer techniques are proposed to fabricate the nanopillar arrays in controllable dimensions. For the nanopillars in the arrays, the minimum spacing, body diameter and head tip-radius reach 100 nm, 23 nm and 11 nm, respectively. The maximum height is 1.2 μm. In addition, because of hydrophilic/hydrophobic selectivity between the SiO2 heads and Si bodies, localized nanoliter water-droplet condensing, fluorescein solution extraction and protein capturing are observed on the SiO2 pillar heads. These experiments demonstrate the great potential of heterogeneous nanopillars in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China. Innovation Center for MicroNanoelectronics and Integrated System, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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34
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Golshadi M, Wright LK, Dickerson IM, Schrlau MG. High-Efficiency Gene Transfection of Cells through Carbon Nanotube Arrays. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3014-3020. [PMID: 27059518 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Introducing nucleic acids into mammalian cells is a crucial step to elucidate biochemical pathways, and to modify gene expression and cellular development in immortalized cells, primary cells, and stem cells. Current transfection technologies are time consuming and limited by the size of genetic cargo, the inefficient introduction of test molecules into large populations of target cells, and the cytotoxicity of the techniques. A novel method of introducing genes and biomolecules into tens of thousands of mammalian cells has been developed through an array of aligned hollow carbon nanotubes, manufactured by template-based nanofabrication processes, to achieve rapid high-efficiency transfer with low cytotoxicity. The utilization of carbon nanotube arrays for gene transfection overcomes molecular weight limits of current technologies and can be adapted to deliver drugs or proteins in addition to nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Golshadi
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Leslie K Wright
- School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Ian M Dickerson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Michael G Schrlau
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
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35
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Choi M, Lee SH, Kim WB, Gujrati V, Kim D, Lee J, Kim JI, Kim H, Saw PE, Jon S. Intracellular Delivery of Bioactive Cargos to Hard-to-Transfect Cells Using Carbon Nanosyringe Arrays under an Applied Centrifugal g-Force. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:101-7. [PMID: 25846396 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in developing a common, universal platform for delivering biomacromolecules such as proteins and RNAs into diverse cells with high efficiency. Here, it is shown that carbon nanosyringe arrays (CNSAs) under an applied centrifugal g-force (cf-CNSAs) can deliver diverse bioactive cargos directly into the cytosol of hard-to-transfect cells with relatively high efficiency and reproducibility. The cf-CNSA platform, an optimized version of a previous CNSA-mediated intracellular delivery platform that adds a g-force feature, exhibits more rapid and superior delivery of cargos to various hard-to-transfect cells than is the case in the absence of g-force. Active species, including small interfering RNAs, plasmids, and proteins are successfully transported across plasma membrane barriers into various cells. By overcoming the limitations of currently available transfection methods, the cf-CNSA platform paves the way to universal delivery of a variety of cargos, facilitating the analysis of cellular responses in diverse cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Choi
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju 500-712 South Korea
| | - Won Bae Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju 500-712 South Korea
| | - Vipul Gujrati
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Jinju Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju 500-712 South Korea
| | - Jae-Il Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju 500-712 South Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Phei Er Saw
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
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36
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From immobilized cells to motile cells on a bed-of-nails: effects of vertical nanowire array density on cell behaviour. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18535. [PMID: 26691936 PMCID: PMC4686997 DOI: 10.1038/srep18535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of vertical nanowire array-based applications in cell biology is growing rapidly and an increasing number of applications are being explored. These applications almost invariably rely on the physical properties of the nanowire arrays, creating a need for a better understanding of how their physical properties affect cell behaviour. Here, we investigate the effects of nanowire density on cell migration, division and morphology for murine fibroblasts. Our results show that few nanowires are sufficient to immobilize cells, while a high nanowire spatial density enables a ”bed-of-nails” regime, where cells reside on top of the nanowires and are fully motile. The presence of nanowires decreases the cell proliferation rate, even in the “bed-of-nails” regime. We show that the cell morphology strongly depends on the nanowire density. Cells cultured on low (0.1 μm−2) and medium (1 μm−2) density substrates exhibit an increased number of multi-nucleated cells and micronuclei. These were not observed in cells cultured on high nanowire density substrates (4 μm−2). The results offer important guidelines to minimize cell-function perturbations on nanowire arrays. Moreover, these findings offer the possibility to tune cell proliferation and migration independently by adjusting the nanowire density, which may have applications in drug testing.
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37
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Xie X, Aalipour A, Gupta SV, Melosh NA. Determining the Time Window for Dynamic Nanowire Cell Penetration Processes. ACS NANO 2015; 9:11667-77. [PMID: 26554425 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire (NW) arrays offer opportunities for parallel, nondestructive intracellular access for biomolecule delivery, intracellular recording, and sensing. Spontaneous cell membrane penetration by vertical nanowires is essential for these applications, yet the time- and geometry-dependent penetration process is still poorly understood. In this work, the dynamic NW-cell interface during cell spreading was examined through experimental cell penetration measurements combined with two mechanical models based on substrate adhesion force or cell traction forces. Penetration was determined by comparing the induced tension at a series of given membrane configurations to the critical membrane failure tension. The adhesion model predicts that penetration occurs within a finite window shortly after initial cell contact and adhesion, while the traction model predicts increasing penetration over a longer period. NW penetration rates determined from a cobalt ion delivery assay are compared to the predicted results from the two models. In addition, the effects of NW geometry and cell properties are systematically evaluated to identify the key factors for penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sneha V Gupta
- UCSF School of Pharmacy, Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, California 94143, United States
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38
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Lee K, Lingampalli N, Pisano AP, Murthy N, So H. Physical Delivery of Macromolecules using High-Aspect Ratio Nanostructured Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:23387-97. [PMID: 26479334 PMCID: PMC6070377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There is great need for the development of an efficient delivery method of macromolecules, including nucleic acids, proteins, and peptides, to cell cytoplasm without eliciting toxicity or changing cell behavior. High-aspect ratio nanomaterials have addressed many challenges present in conventional methods, such as cell membrane passage and endosomal degradation, and have shown the feasibility of efficient high-throughput macromolecule delivery with minimal perturbation of cells. This review describes the recent advances of in vitro and in vivo physical macromolecule delivery with high-aspect ratio nanostructured materials and summarizes the synthesis methods, material properties, relevant applications, and various potential directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwoo Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nithya Lingampalli
- Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Albert P. Pisano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Niren Murthy
- Department of Bioengineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hongyun So
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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39
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Nagai M, Oohara K, Kato K, Kawashima T, Shibata T. Development and characterization of hollow microprobe array as a potential tool for versatile and massively parallel manipulation of single cells. Biomed Microdevices 2015; 17:41. [PMID: 25749639 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-015-9943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parallel manipulation of single cells is important for reconstructing in vivo cellular microenvironments and studying cell functions. To manipulate single cells and reconstruct their environments, development of a versatile manipulation tool is necessary. In this study, we developed an array of hollow probes using microelectromechanical systems fabrication technology and demonstrated the manipulation of single cells. We conducted a cell aspiration experiment with a glass pipette and modeled a cell using a standard linear solid model, which provided information for designing hollow stepped probes for minimally invasive single-cell manipulation. We etched a silicon wafer on both sides and formed through holes with stepped structures. The inner diameters of the holes were reduced by SiO2 deposition of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition to trap cells on the tips. This fabrication process makes it possible to control the wall thickness, inner diameter, and outer diameter of the probes. With the fabricated probes, single cells were manipulated and placed in microwells at a single-cell level in a parallel manner. We studied the capture, release, and survival rates of cells at different suction and release pressures and found that the cell trapping rate was directly proportional to the suction pressure, whereas the release rate and viability decreased with increasing the suction pressure. The proposed manipulation system makes it possible to place cells in a well array and observe the adherence, spreading, culture, and death of the cells. This system has potential as a tool for massively parallel manipulation and for three-dimensional hetero cellular assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan,
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40
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Xie X, Melosh NA. Fabrication of sub-cell size “spiky” nanoparticles and their interfaces with biological cells. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5155-5160. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00452g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of hierarchical “spiky” nanoparticles covered with stiff nanowires for biological cellular interface and engulfment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research
| | - Nicholas A. Melosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
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41
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Wegner KD, Hildebrandt N. Quantum dots: bright and versatile in vitro and in vivo fluorescence imaging biosensors. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4792-4834. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00532e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 550] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Colourful cells and tissues: semiconductor quantum dots and their versatile applications in multiplexed bioimaging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. David Wegner
- NanoBioPhotonics
- Institut d'Electronique Fondamentale
- Université Paris-Sud
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
| | - Niko Hildebrandt
- NanoBioPhotonics
- Institut d'Electronique Fondamentale
- Université Paris-Sud
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
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42
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Poplausks R, Malinovskis U, Andzane J, Svirksts J, Viksna A, Muiznieks I, Erts D. Electrochemically etched sharp aluminium probes with nanoporous aluminium oxide coatings: demonstration of addressed DNA delivery. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08509d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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43
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Lampert L, Timonen B, Smith S, Davidge B, Li H, Conley JF, Singer JD, Jiao J. Amorphous alumina nanowire array efficiently delivers Ac-DEVD-CHO to inhibit apoptosis of dendritic cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1234-7. [PMID: 24336780 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48088g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To create an effective well-ordered delivery platform still remains a challenge. Herein we fabricate vertically aligned alumina nanowire arrays via atomic layer deposition templated by carbon nanotubes. Using these arrays, a caspase-3/7 inhibitor was delivered into DC 2.4 cells and blocked apoptosis, as confirmed by fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lester Lampert
- Department of Physics and Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Portland State University, P.O. Box 751, Portland, OR 97207-0751, USA.
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44
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Kumeria T, Santos A, Losic D. Nanoporous anodic alumina platforms: engineered surface chemistry and structure for optical sensing applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 14:11878-918. [PMID: 25004150 PMCID: PMC4168464 DOI: 10.3390/s140711878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical anodization of pure aluminum enables the growth of highly ordered nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) structures. This has made NAA one of the most popular nanomaterials with applications including molecular separation, catalysis, photonics, optoelectronics, sensing, drug delivery, and template synthesis. Over the past decades, the ability to engineer the structure and surface chemistry of NAA and its optical properties has led to the establishment of distinctive photonic structures that can be explored for developing low-cost, portable, rapid-response and highly sensitive sensing devices in combination with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and reflective interference spectroscopy (RIfS) techniques. This review article highlights the recent advances on fabrication, surface modification and structural engineering of NAA and its application and performance as a platform for SPR- and RIfS-based sensing and biosensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Kumeria
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering North Building, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering North Building, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering North Building, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia.
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45
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Moradian H, Fasehee H, Keshvari H, Faghihi S. Poly(ethyleneimine) functionalized carbon nanotubes as efficient nano-vector for transfecting mesenchymal stem cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 122:115-125. [PMID: 25033431 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
For gene and drug delivery applications, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have to be functionalized in order to become compatible with aqueous media and bind with genetic materials. In this study, combination of polyethyleneimine (PEI) grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PEI-g-MWCNTs) and chitosan substrate is used as an efficient gene delivery system for transfection of hard-to-transfect bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis and zeta potential measurements are used to characterize binding of PEI, particle size distribution and colloidal stability of the functionalized CNTs, respectively. DNA binding affinity, cellular uptake, transfection efficiency and possible cytotoxicity are also tested by agarose gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry, cytochemisty and MTT assay. The results demonstrate that cytotoxic effect of PEI-g-MWCNTs is negligible under optimal transfection condition. In consistency with high cellular uptake (>82%), PEI-g-MWCNTs give higher delivery of EGFP into the BMSCs which results in a more sustained expression of the model gene (EGFP) in short-term culture. These results suggest that PEI-g-MWCNTs in corporation with chitosan substrates would be a promising delivery system for BMSCs, a cell type with relevancy in the regenerative medicine and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Moradian
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 14965/161, Iran; Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875/4413, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Fasehee
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 14965/161, Iran
| | - Hamid Keshvari
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875/4413, Iran
| | - Shahab Faghihi
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 14965/161, Iran.
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46
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Lee W, Park SJ. Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide: Anodization and Templated Synthesis of Functional Nanostructures. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7487-556. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500002z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 905] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon, Korea
- Department
of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, 305-333 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon, Korea
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47
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Aten QT, Jensen BD, Burnett SH, Howell LL. A self-reconfiguring metamorphic nanoinjector for injection into mouse zygotes. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:055005. [PMID: 24880406 DOI: 10.1063/1.4872077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a surface-micromachined microelectromechanical system nanoinjector designed to inject DNA into mouse zygotes which are ≈90 μm in diameter. The proposed injection method requires that an electrically charged, DNA coated lance be inserted into the mouse zygote. The nanoinjector's principal design requirements are (1) it must penetrate the lance into the mouse zygote without tearing the cell membranes and (2) maintain electrical connectivity between the lance and a stationary bond pad. These requirements are satisfied through a two-phase, self-reconfiguring metamorphic mechanism. In the first motion subphase a change-point six-bar mechanism elevates the lance to ≈45 μm above the substrate. In the second motion subphase, a compliant folded-beam suspension allows the lance to translate in-plane at a constant height as it penetrates the cell membranes. The viability of embryos following nanoinjection is presented as a metric for quantifying how well the nanoinjector mechanism fulfills its design requirements of penetrating the zygote without causing membrane damage. Viability studies of nearly 3000 nanoinjections resulted in 71.9% of nanoinjected zygotes progressing to the two-cell stage compared to 79.6% of untreated embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian D Jensen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Sandra H Burnett
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Larry L Howell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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48
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Tian Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Mao L, Chen W, Zhu Z, Liu W, Zheng W, Zhao Y, Kong D, Yang Z, Zhang W, Shao Y, Jiang X. A peptide-based nanofibrous hydrogel as a promising DNA nanovector for optimizing the efficacy of HIV vaccine. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:1439-45. [PMID: 24564254 DOI: 10.1021/nl404560v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This report shows that a nanovector composed of peptide-based nanofibrous hydrogel can condense DNA to result in strong immune responses against HIV. This nanovector can strongly activate both humoral and cellular immune responses to a balanced level rarely reported in previous studies, which is crucial for HIV prevention and therapy. In addition, this nanovector shows good biosafety in vitro and in vivo. Detailed characterizations show that the nanofibrous structure of the hydrogel is critical for the dramatically improved immune responses compared to existing materials. This peptide-based nanofibrous hydrogel shows great potential for efficacious HIV DNA vaccines and can be potentially used for delivering other vaccines and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tian
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology , No., 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao, Beijing 100190, China
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49
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Li D, Zheng Q, Wang Y, Chen H. Combining surface topography with polymer chemistry: exploring new interfacial biological phenomena. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on combining surface topography and surface chemical modification by the grafting of polymers to develop optimal material interfaces with synergistic properties and functions for biological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Qing Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Yanwei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Hong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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Bonde S, Berthing T, Madsen MH, Andersen TK, Buch-Månson N, Guo L, Li X, Badique F, Anselme K, Nygård J, Martinez KL. Tuning InAs nanowire density for HEK293 cell viability, adhesion, and morphology: perspectives for nanowire-based biosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10510-9. [PMID: 24074264 DOI: 10.1021/am402070k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arrays of nanowires (NWs) are currently being established as vehicles for molecule delivery and electrical- and fluorescence-based platforms in the development of biosensors. It is conceivable that NW-based biosensors can be optimized through increased understanding of how the nanotopography influences the interfaced biological material. Using state-of-the-art homogenous NW arrays allow for a systematic investigation of how the broad range of NW densities used by the community influences cells. Here it is demonstrated that indium arsenide NW arrays provide a cell-promoting surface, which affects both cell division and focal adhesion up-regulation. Furthermore, a systematic variation in NW spacing affects both the detailed cell morphology and adhesion properties, where the latter can be predicted based on changes in free-energy states using the proposed theoretical model. As the NW density influences cellular parameters, such as cell size and adhesion tightness, it will be important to take NW density into consideration in the continued development of NW-based platforms for cellular applications, such as molecule delivery and electrical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonde
- Bionanotechnology and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Nano-science Center, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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