1
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Chacon R, Leray A, Kim J, Lahlil K, Bouhelier A, Kim JW, Gacoin T, Colas des Francs G. Vectorial probing of electric and magnetic transitions in variable optical environments and vice-versa. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:385705. [PMID: 35700697 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac7884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We use europium doped single crystalline NaYF4nanorods for probing the electric and magnetic contributions to the local density of optical states (LDOS). Reciprocically, we determine intrinsic properties of the emitters (oscillator strength, quantum yield) by comparing their measured and simulated optical responses in front of a mirror. We first experimentally determine the specifications of the nanoprobe (orientation and oscillator strength of the electric and magnetic dipoles moments) and show significant orientation sensitivity of the branching ratios associated with electric and magnetic transitions. In a second part, we measure the modification of the LDOS in front of a gold mirror in a Drexhage's experiment. We discuss the role of the electric and magnetic LDOS on the basis of numerical simulations, taking into account the orientation of the dipolar emitters. We demonstrate that they behave like degenerated dipoles sensitive to polarized partial LDOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinaldo Chacon
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), UMR 6303 CNRS, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Aymeric Leray
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), UMR 6303 CNRS, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Jeongmo Kim
- Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS UMR 7643, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Khalid Lahlil
- Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS UMR 7643, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Alexandre Bouhelier
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), UMR 6303 CNRS, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Jong-Wook Kim
- Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS UMR 7643, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Thierry Gacoin
- Physique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS UMR 7643, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Gérard Colas des Francs
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), UMR 6303 CNRS, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 9 Avenue Savary, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon Cedex, France
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2
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Palombo Blascetta N, Lombardi P, Toninelli C, van Hulst NF. Cold and Hot Spots: From Inhibition to Enhancement by Nanoscale Phase Tuning of Optical Nanoantennas. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6756-6762. [PMID: 32804516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optical nanoantennas are well-known for the confinement of light into nanoscale hot spots, suitable for emission enhancement and sensing applications. Here, we show how control of the antenna dimensions allows tuning the local optical phase, hence turning a hot spot into a cold spot. We manipulate the local intensity exploiting the interference between driving and scattered field. Using single molecules as local detectors, we experimentally show the creation of subwavelength pockets with full suppression of the driving field. Remarkably, together with the cold excitation spots, we observe inhibition of emission by the phase-tuned nanoantenna. The fluorescence lifetime of a molecule scanned in such volumes becomes longer, showing slow down of spontaneous decay. In conclusion, the spatial phase of a nanoantenna is a powerful knob to tune between enhancement and inhibition in a 3-dimensional subwavelength volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Palombo Blascetta
- ICFO, Institut de Ciences Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
| | - Pietro Lombardi
- CNR-INO and LENS, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Via Nello Carrara 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Costanza Toninelli
- CNR-INO and LENS, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Via Nello Carrara 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Niek F van Hulst
- ICFO, Institut de Ciences Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
- ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona 08010, Spain
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3
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Kumar U, Bolisetty S, Mezzenga R, Girard C, Dujardin E, Cuche A. Single plasmon spatial and spectral sorting on a crystalline two-dimensional plasmonic platform. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:13414-13420. [PMID: 32614011 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02066d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the emerging field of quantum plasmonics, we demonstrate in this manuscript the wavelength-dependent propagation and sorting of single plasmons launched in a two-dimensional crystalline gold flake by a broadband quantum nanoemitter. The stream of single plasmons in the visible is produced by a nanodiamond hosting a single nitrogen-vacancy color center positioned in the near field of the mesoscopic metallic microplatelet. Spatially and spectrally resolved images of the single plasmon propagation in the pristine hexagonal flake, and then in the same structure after insertion of a Bragg mirror, are obtained by filtered image-plane acquisitions on a leakage-radiation microscope. Our work on two-dimensional crystalline structures paves the way to future fundamental studies and applications in quantum plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upkar Kumar
- CEMES, University of Toulouse and CNRS (UPR 8011), 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France.
| | - Sreenath Bolisetty
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzberg-strasse 9, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzberg-strasse 9, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Girard
- CEMES, University of Toulouse and CNRS (UPR 8011), 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France.
| | - Erik Dujardin
- CEMES, University of Toulouse and CNRS (UPR 8011), 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France.
| | - Aurélien Cuche
- CEMES, University of Toulouse and CNRS (UPR 8011), 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France.
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4
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Moerland RJ, Weppelman IGC, Scotuzzi M, Hoogenboom JP. Nanoscale Imaging of Light-Matter Coupling Inside Metal-Coated Cavities with a Pulsed Electron Beam. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6107-6112. [PMID: 29699392 PMCID: PMC6187523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Many applications in (quantum) nanophotonics rely on controlling light-matter interaction through strong, nanoscale modification of the local density of states (LDOS). All-optical techniques probing emission dynamics in active media are commonly used to measure the LDOS and benchmark experimental performance against theoretical predictions. However, metal coatings needed to obtain strong LDOS modifications in, for instance, nanocavities, are incompatible with all-optical characterization. So far, no reliable method exists to validate theoretical predictions. Here, we use subnanosecond pulses of focused electrons to penetrate the metal and excite a buried active medium at precisely defined locations inside subwavelength resonant nanocavities. We reveal the spatial layout of the spontaneous-emission decay dynamics inside the cavities with deep-subwavelength detail, directly mapping the LDOS. We show that emission enhancement converts to inhibition despite an increased number of modes, emphasizing the critical role of optimal emitter location. Our approach yields fundamental insight in dynamics at deep-subwavelength scales for a wide range of nano-optical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Moerland
- Department
of Imaging Physics, Delft University of
Technology, NL-2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - I. Gerward C. Weppelman
- Department
of Imaging Physics, Delft University of
Technology, NL-2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke Scotuzzi
- Department
of Imaging Physics, Delft University of
Technology, NL-2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob P. Hoogenboom
- Department
of Imaging Physics, Delft University of
Technology, NL-2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
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5
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Makarov SV, Sinev IS, Milichko VA, Komissarenko FE, Zuev DA, Ushakova EV, Mukhin IS, Yu YF, Kuznetsov AI, Belov PA, Iorsh IV, Poddubny AN, Samusev AK, Kivshar YS. Nanoscale Generation of White Light for Ultrabroadband Nanospectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:535-539. [PMID: 29244507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving efficient localization of white light at the nanoscale is a major challenge due to the diffraction limit, and nanoscale emitters generating light with a broadband spectrum require complicated engineering. Here we suggest a simple, yet highly efficient, nanoscale white-light source based on a hybrid Si/Au nanoparticle with ultrabroadband (1.3-3.4 eV) spectral characteristics. We incorporate this novel source into a scanning-probe microscope and observe broadband spectrum of photoluminescence that allows fast mapping of local optical response of advanced nanophotonic structures with submicron resolution, thus realizing ultrabroadband near-field nanospectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Makarov
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I S Sinev
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - V A Milichko
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - F E Komissarenko
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - D A Zuev
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - E V Ushakova
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I S Mukhin
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Y F Yu
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , 138634, Singapore
| | - A I Kuznetsov
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) , 138634, Singapore
| | - P A Belov
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - I V Iorsh
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - A N Poddubny
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Ioffe Institute , St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - A K Samusev
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Yu S Kivshar
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University , St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Australian National University , Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
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6
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Moerland RJ, Weppelman IGC, Garming MWH, Kruit P, Hoogenboom JP. Time-resolved cathodoluminescence microscopy with sub-nanosecond beam blanking for direct evaluation of the local density of states. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:24760-24772. [PMID: 27828196 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.024760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We show cathodoluminescence-based time-resolved electron beam spectroscopy in order to directly probe the spontaneous emission decay rate that is modified by the local density of states in a nanoscale environment. In contrast to dedicated laser-triggered electron-microscopy setups, we use commercial hardware in a standard SEM, which allows us to easily switch from pulsed to continuous operation of the SEM. Electron pulses of 80-90 ps duration are generated by conjugate blanking of a high-brightness electron beam, which allows probing emitters within a large range of decay rates. Moreover, we simultaneously attain a resolution better than λ/10, which ensures details at deep-subwavelength scales can be retrieved. As a proof-of-principle, we employ the pulsed electron beam to spatially measure excited-state lifetime modifications in a phosphor material across the edge of an aluminum half-plane, coated on top of the phosphor. The measured emission dynamics can be directly related to the structure of the sample by recording photon arrival histograms together with the secondary-electron signal. Our results show that time-resolved electron cathodoluminescence spectroscopy is a powerful tool of choice for nanophotonics, within reach of a large audience.
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7
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Spatially uniform enhancement of single quantum dot emission using plasmonic grating decoupler. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16796. [PMID: 26577533 PMCID: PMC4649470 DOI: 10.1038/srep16796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a spatially uniform enhancement of individual quantum dot (QD) fluorescence emission using plasmonic grating decouplers on thin gold or silver films. Individual QDs are deposited within the grating in a controlled way to investigate the position dependency on both the radiation pattern and emission enhancement. We also describe the optimization of the grating decoupler. We achieve a fluorescence enhancement ~3 times higher than using flat plasmon film, for any QD position in the grating.
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8
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Nanoscale probing of image-dipole interactions in a metallic nanostructure. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6558. [PMID: 25790228 PMCID: PMC4383001 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An emitter near a surface induces an image dipole that can modify the observed emission intensity and radiation pattern. These image-dipole effects are generally not taken into account in single-emitter tracking and super-resolved imaging applications. Here we show that the interference between an emitter and its image dipole induces a strong polarization anisotropy and a large spatial displacement of the observed emission pattern. We demonstrate these effects by tracking the emission of a single quantum dot along two orthogonal polarizations as it is deterministically positioned near a silver nanowire. The two orthogonally polarized diffraction spots can be displaced by up to 50 nm, which arises from a Young’s interference effect between the quantum dot and its induced image dipole. We show that the observed spatially varying interference fringe provides a useful measure for correcting image-dipole-induced distortions. These results provide a pathway towards probing and correcting image-dipole effects in near-field imaging applications. An emitter near a surface induces an image dipole that alters the emission pattern and creates errors in single-particle imaging applications. Here, Ropp et al. show that an image dipole can distort the polarization and measured position of an emitter, and that these distortions can be corrected.
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9
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Visualization of molecular fluorescence point spread functions via remote excitation switching fluorescence microscopy. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6287. [PMID: 25687887 PMCID: PMC4339893 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The enhancement of molecular absorption, emission and scattering processes by coupling to surface plasmon polaritons on metallic nanoparticles is a key issue in plasmonics for applications in (bio)chemical sensing, light harvesting and photocatalysis. Nevertheless, the point spread functions for single-molecule emission near metallic nanoparticles remain difficult to characterize due to fluorophore photodegradation, background emission and scattering from the plasmonic structure. Here we overcome this problem by exciting fluorophores remotely using plasmons propagating along metallic nanowires. The experiments reveal a complex array of single-molecule fluorescence point spread functions that depend not only on nanowire dimensions but also on the position and orientation of the molecular transition dipole. This work has consequences for both single-molecule regime-sensing and super-resolution imaging involving metallic nanoparticles and opens the possibilities for fast size sorting of metallic nanoparticles, and for predicting molecular orientation and binding position on metallic nanoparticles via far-field optical imaging. Plasmonic nanoparticles can dramatically enhance the optical properties of molecules but background scattering is a limiting factor. Su et al. use remote excitation by plasmons on nanowires to better access single fluorophore point spread functions for improved sensing and super-resolution imaging.
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10
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Liu J, Jiang X, Ishii S, Shalaev V, Irudayaraj J. Quantifying local density of optical states of nanorods by fluorescence lifetime imaging. NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 2014; 16:063069. [PMID: 25408619 PMCID: PMC4232967 DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/16/6/063069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, we demonstrate a facile far-field approach to quantify the near-field local density of optical states (LDOS) of a nanorod using CdTe quantum dots (QDs) emitters tethered to the surface of nanorods as beacons for optical read-outs. Radiative decay rate was extracted to quantify the LDOS; our analysis indicates that the LDOS of the nanorod enhance both the radiative and nonradiative decay of QD, particularly radiative decay of QDs at the end of nanorod is enhanced by 1.17 times greater than that at the waist, while the nonradiative decay was uniformly enhanced over the nanorod. To the best of our knowledge, our effort constitutes the first to map the LDOS of a nanostructure via far-field method, to provide clarity on the interaction mechanism between emitters and the nanostructure, and to be potentially employed in the LDOS mapping of high-throughput nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xunpeng Jiang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe, 651-2492, Japan
| | - Vladimir Shalaev
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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11
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Schell AW, Engel P, Werra JFM, Wolff C, Busch K, Benson O. Scanning single quantum emitter fluorescence lifetime imaging: quantitative analysis of the local density of photonic states. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:2623-2627. [PMID: 24694035 DOI: 10.1021/nl500460c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Their intrinsic properties render single quantum systems as ideal tools for quantum enhanced sensing and microscopy. As an additional benefit, their size is typically on an atomic scale that enables sensing with very high spatial resolution. Here, we report on utilizing a single nitrogen vacancy center in nanodiamond for performing three-dimensional scanning-probe fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. By measuring changes of the single emitter's lifetime, information on the local density of optical states is acquired at the nanoscale. Three-dimensional ab initio discontinuous Galerkin time-domain simulations are used in order to verify the results and to obtain additional insights. This combination of experiment and simulations to gather quantitative information on the local density of optical states is of direct relevance for the understanding of fundamental quantum optical processes as well as for the engineering of novel photonic and plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas W Schell
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Institut für Physik, AG Nanooptik, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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12
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Pellegrotti JV, Acuna GP, Puchkova A, Holzmeister P, Gietl A, Lalkens B, Stefani FD, Tinnefeld P. Controlled reduction of photobleaching in DNA origami-gold nanoparticle hybrids. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:2831-2836. [PMID: 24690008 DOI: 10.1021/nl500841n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The amount of information obtainable from a fluorescence-based measurement is limited by photobleaching: Irreversible photochemical reactions either render the molecules nonfluorescent or shift their absorption and/or emission spectra outside the working range. Photobleaching is evidenced as a decrease of fluorescence intensity with time, or in the case of single molecule measurements, as an abrupt, single-step interruption of the fluorescence emission that determines the end of the experiment. Reducing photobleaching is central for improving fluorescence (functional) imaging, single molecule tracking, and fluorescence-based biosensors and assays. In this single molecule study, we use DNA self-assembly to produce hybrid nanostructures containing individual fluorophores and gold nanoparticles at a controlled separation distance of 8.5 nm. By changing the nanoparticles' size we are able to systematically increase the mean number of photons emitted by the fluorophores before photobleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica V Pellegrotti
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Liu JM, Liu JF, Yu YC, Zeng LY, Wang XH. Strong anisotropic lifetime orientation distributions of a two-level quantum emitter around a plasmonic nanorod. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:194. [PMID: 24808801 PMCID: PMC4006315 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous emission lifetime orientation distributions of a two-level quantum emitter in metallic nanorod structures are theoretically investigated by the rigorous electromagnetic Green function method. It was found that spontaneous emission lifetime strongly depended on the transition dipole orientation and the position of the emitter. The anisotropic factor defined as the ratio between the maximum and minimum values of the lifetimes along different dipole orientations can reach up to 10(3). It is much larger than those in dielectric structures which are only several times usually. Our results show that the localized plasmonic resonance effect provides a new degree of freedom to effectively control spontaneous emission by the dipole orientation of the quantum emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jing-Feng Liu
- College of Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yi-Cong Yu
- Department of Physics, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xue-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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14
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Bigourdan F, Marquier F, Hugonin JP, Greffet JJ. Design of highly efficient metallo-dielectric patch antennas for single-photon emission. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:2337-2347. [PMID: 24663526 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.002337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Quantum emitters such as NV-centers or quantum dots can be used as single-photon sources. To improve their performance, they can be coupled to microcavities or nano-antennas. Plasmonic antennas offer an appealing solution as they can be used with broadband emitters. When properly designed, these antennas funnel light into useful modes, increasing the emission rate and the collection of single-photons. Yet, their inherent metallic losses are responsible for very low radiative efficiencies. Here, we introduce a new design of directional, metallo-dielectric, optical antennas with a Purcell factor of 150, a total efficiency of 74% and a collection efficiency of emitted photons of 99%.
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15
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Viarbitskaya S, Teulle A, Marty R, Sharma J, Girard C, Arbouet A, Dujardin E. Tailoring and imaging the plasmonic local density of states in crystalline nanoprisms. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:426-432. [PMID: 23503011 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon (SP) technologies exploit the spectral and spatial properties of collective electronic oscillations in noble metals placed in an incident optical field. Yet the SP local density of states (LDOS), which rule the energy transducing phenomena between the SP and the electromagnetic field, is much less exploited. Here, we use two-photon luminescence (TPL) microscopy to reveal the SP-LDOS in thin single-crystalline triangular gold nanoprisms produced by a quantitative one-pot synthesis at room temperature. Variations of the polarization and the wavelength of the incident light redistribute the TPL intensity into two-dimensional plasmonic resonator patterns that are faithfully reproduced by theoretical simulations. We demonstrate that experimental TPL maps can be considered as the convolution of the SP-LDOS with the diffraction-limited Gaussian light beam. Finally, the SP modal distribution is tuned by the spatial coupling of nanoprisms, thus allowing a new modal design of plasmonic information processing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sviatlana Viarbitskaya
- CEMES CNRS UPR 8011 and Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, 31055 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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16
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Irishina N, Moscoso M, Carminati R. Recovering fluorophore location and orientation from lifetimes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:421-430. [PMID: 23388934 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we study the possibility of using lifetime data to estimate the position and orientation of a fluorescent dipole source within a disordered medium. The vector Foldy-Lax equations are employed to calculate the interaction between the fluorescent source and the scatterers that are modeled as point-scatterers. The numerical experiments demonstrate that if good prior knowledge about the positions of the scatterers is available, the position and orientation of the dipole source can be retrieved from its lifetime data with precision. If there is uncertainty about the positions of the scatterers, the dipole source position can be estimated within the same level of uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Irishina
- Instituto Gregorio Millán, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain.
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Slingenbergh W, de Boer SK, Cordes T, Browne WR, Feringa BL, Hoogenboom JP, De Hosson JTM, van Dorp WF. Selective functionalization of tailored nanostructures. ACS NANO 2012; 6:9214-9220. [PMID: 22994624 DOI: 10.1021/nn303571p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The controlled positioning of nanostructures with active molecular components is of importance throughout nanoscience and nanotechnology. We present a novel three-step method to produce nanostructures that are selectively decorated with functional molecules. We use fluorophores and nanoparticles to functionalize SiO features with defined shapes and with sizes ranging from micrometers to 25 nm. The method is called MACE-ID: molecular assembly controlled by electron-beam-induced deposition. In the first step, SiO nanostructures are written with focused electron-beam-induced deposition, a direct-writing technique. In the second step, the deposits are selectively silanized. In the final step, the silanes are functionalized with fluorescent dyes, polystyrene spheres, or gold nanoparticles. This recipe gives exciting new possibilities for combining the highly accurate control of top-down patterning (e-beam direct writing) with the rich variety of the bottom-up approach (self-assembly), leading to active or responsive surfaces. An important advantage of MACE-ID is that it can be used on substrates that already contain complex features, such as plasmonic structures, nanoantennas, and cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winand Slingenbergh
- Applied Physics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Castanié E, Krachmalnicoff V, Cazé A, Pierrat R, De Wilde Y, Carminati R. Distance dependence of the local density of states in the near field of a disordered plasmonic film. OPTICS LETTERS 2012; 37:3006-3008. [PMID: 22825207 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.003006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We measure the statistical distribution of the photonic local density of states in the near field of a semicontinuous gold film. By varying the distance between the measurement plane and the film, we show that near-field confined modes play a major role in the width of the distribution. Numerical simulations in good agreement with experiments allow us to point out the influence of nonradiative decay channels at short distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Castanié
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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19
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Fan Y, Hotta K, Yamaguchi A, Teramae N. Enhanced fluorescence in a nanoporous waveguide and its quantitative analysis. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:12850-12859. [PMID: 22714311 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.012850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence behavior was examined for fluorophore-labeled protein (BSA-AF) adsorbed on the nanopore surface of a nanoporous waveguiding film. The waveguiding film has a bilayer structure of a porous anodic alumina (PAA) layer on a metallic aluminum (Al) layer, and this structure allows efficient interaction of fluorophores entrapped in the nanoporous waveguiding film with a hotspot of the enhanced electromagnetic field of the waveguide modes. Fluorescence response of BSA-AF depends on the enhanced field within the waveguiding film and the enlarged adsorbed amount in the PAA layer where most of the light is confined. Enhancement of the field in the waveguiding film can be controlled by the refractive index of the PAA layer and enlargement of the pore size efficiently affects the enhancement of the fluorescence response. Compared to the film without a PAA layer, the PAA/Al film exhibits more than 140-fold larger fluorescence response due to the large adsorption capacity of the PAA nanopores and the enhanced field formed by the waveguide modes in the PAA layer with a low refractive index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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20
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Frimmer M, Chen Y, Koenderink AF. Scanning emitter lifetime imaging microscopy for spontaneous emission control. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:123602. [PMID: 22026769 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.123602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental technique to map and exploit the local density of optical states of arbitrary planar nanophotonic structures. The method relies on positioning a spontaneous emitter attached to a scanning probe deterministically and reversibly with respect to its photonic environment while measuring its lifetime. We demonstrate the method by imaging the enhancement of the local density of optical states around metal nanowires. By nanopositioning, the decay rate of a pointlike source of fluorescence can be reversibly and repeatedly changed by a factor of 2 by coupling it to the guided plasmonic mode of the wire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Frimmer
- Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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Hildner R, Brinks D, Stefani FD, van Hulst NF. Electronic coherences and vibrational wave-packets in single molecules studied with femtosecond phase-controlled spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:1888-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02231d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Colas des Francs G, Bramant P, Grandidier J, Bouhelier A, Weeber JC, Dereux A. Optical gain, spontaneous and stimulated emission of surface plasmon polaritons in confined plasmonic waveguide. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:16327-16334. [PMID: 20721019 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.016327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We develop a theoretical model to compute the local density of states in a confined plasmonic waveguide. Based on this model, we derive a simple formula with a clear physical interpretation for the lifetime modification of emitters embedded in the waveguide. The gain distribution within the active medium is then computed following the formalism developed in a recent work [Phys. Rev. B 78, 161401 (2008)], by taking rigorously into account the pump irradiance and emitters lifetime modifications in the system. We finally apply this formalism to describe gain-assisted propagation in a dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Colas des Francs
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, UMR 5209 CNRS - Université de Bourgogne, 9 Av A Savary, BP 47 870, 21078 Dijon, France.
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GRANDIDIER J, DES FRANCS GCOLAS, MASSENOT S, BOUHELIER A, MARKEY L, WEEBER JC, DEREUX A. Leakage radiation microscopy of surface plasmon coupled emission: investigation of gain-assisted propagation in an integrated plasmonic waveguide. J Microsc 2010; 239:167-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03368.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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