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ElZein B, Yao Y, Barham AS, Dogheche E, Jabbour GE. Toward the Growth of Self-Catalyzed ZnO Nanowires Perpendicular to the Surface of Silicon and Glass Substrates, by Pulsed Laser Deposition. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13194427. [PMID: 33027992 PMCID: PMC7579646 DOI: 10.3390/ma13194427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vertically-oriented zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires were synthesized on glass and silicon substrates by Pulsed Laser Deposition and without the use of a catalyst. An intermediate c-axis oriented nanotextured ZnO seed layer in the form of nanowall network with honey comb structure allows the growth of high quality, self-forming, and vertically-oriented nanowires at relatively low temperature (<400 °C) and under argon atmosphere at high pressure (>5 Torr). Many parameters were shown to affect the growth of the ZnO nanowires such as gas pressure, substrate–target distance, and laser energy. Growth of a c-axis-crystalline array of nanowires growing vertically from the energetically favorable sites on the seed layer is observed. Nucleation occurs due to the matching lattice structure and the polar nature of the ZnO seed layer. Morphological, structural, and optical properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed highly c-axis aligned nanowires along the (002) crystal plane. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements showed a strong and narrow bandwidth of Ultraviolet (UV) emission, which shifts to lower wavelength with the increase of pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma ElZein
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology (UBT), Jeddah 21361, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology, CNRS and University Lille Nord de France- Avenue Poincaré, CEDEX, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Yingbang Yao
- Faculty of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Ahmad S. Barham
- General Subjects Department, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology (UBT), Jeddah 21361, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Elhadj Dogheche
- Campus Le Mont Houy, IEMN CNRS, Polytechnic University Hauts de France, CEDEX, 59309 Valenciennes, France;
| | - Ghassan E. Jabbour
- Canada Research Chair in Engineered Advanced Materials and Devices, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
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Alwadai N, Ajia IA, Janjua B, Flemban TH, Mitra S, Wehbe N, Wei N, Lopatin S, Ooi BS, Roqan IS. Catalyst-Free Vertical ZnO-Nanotube Array Grown on p-GaN for UV-Light-Emitting Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27989-27996. [PMID: 31343859 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) structures-based UV-light-emitting diode (LED) has immense potential for next-generation applications. However, several issues related to such devices must be resolved first, such as expensive material and growth methods, complicated fabrication process, efficiency droop, and unavoidable metal contamination due to metal catalyst that reduces device efficiency. To overcome these obstacles, we have developed a novel growth method for obtaining a high-quality hexagonal, well-defined, and vertical 1D Gd-doped n-ZnO nanotube (NT) array deposited on p-GaN films and other substrates by pulsed laser deposition. By adopting this approach, the desired high optical and structural quality is achieved without utilizing metal catalyst. Transmission electron microscopy measurements confirm that gadolinium dopants in the target form a transparent in situ interface layer to assist in vertical NT formation. Microphotoluminescence (PL) measurements of the NTs reveal an intense ZnO band edge emission without a defect band, indicating high quality. Carrier dynamic analysis via time-resolved PL confirms that the emission of n-ZnO NTs/p-GaN LED structure is dominated significantly by the radiative recombination process without efficiency droop when high carrier density is injected optically. We developed an electrically pumped UV Gd-doped ZnO NTs/GaN LED as a proof of concept, demonstrating its high internal quantum efficiency (>65%). The demonstrated performance of this cost-effective UV LED suggests its potential application in large-scale device production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah Alwadai
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences , Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU) , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Tahani H Flemban
- Department of Physics, College of Science , Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU) , Dammam 31441 , Saudi Arabia
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Pan C, Zhai J, Wang ZL. Piezotronics and Piezo-phototronics of Third Generation Semiconductor Nanowires. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9303-9359. [PMID: 31364835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With the fast development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the last 30 years, semiconductor nanowires have been widely investigated in the areas of both electronics and optoelectronics. Among them, representatives of third generation semiconductors, such as ZnO and GaN, have relatively large spontaneous polarization along their longitudinal direction of the nanowires due to the asymmetric structure in their c-axis direction. Two-way or multiway couplings of piezoelectric, photoexcitation, and semiconductor properties have generated new research areas, such as piezotronics and piezo-phototronics. In this review, an in-depth discussion of the mechanisms and applications of nanowire-based piezotronics and piezo-phototronics is presented. Research on piezotronics and piezo-phototronics has drawn much attention since the effective manipulation of carrier transport, photoelectric properties, etc. through the application of simple mechanical stimuli and, conversely, since the design of new strain sensors based on the strain-induced change in semiconductor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caofeng Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Junyi Zhai
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China.,School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,School of Material Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
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Wu Z, Li X, Zhong H, Zhang S, Wang P, Kim TH, Kwak SS, Liu C, Chen H, Kim SW, Lin S. Graphene/h-BN/ZnO van der Waals tunneling heterostructure based ultraviolet photodetector. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:18864-71. [PMID: 26367550 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.018864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel ultraviolet photodetector based on graphene/h-BN/ZnO van der Waals heterostructure. Graphene/ZnO heterostructure shows poor rectification behavior and almost no photoresponse. In comparison, graphene/h-BN/ZnO structure shows improved electrical rectified behavior and surprising high UV photoresponse (1350AW(-1)), which is two or three orders magnitude larger than reported GaN UV photodetector (0.2~20AW(-1)). Such high photoresponse mainly originates from the introduction of ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) insulating h-BN layer, which behaves as the tunneling layer for holes produced in ZnO and the blocking layer for holes in graphene. The graphene/h-BN/ZnO heterostructure should be a novel and representative 2D heterostructure for improving the performance of 2D materials/Semiconductor heterostructure based optoelectronic devices.
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5
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Deng Y, Lu Y, Liu J, Yang X. Production and Photoelectric Activity of P and Al Co‐Doped ZnO Nanomaterials. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Juan Deng
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China http://hyxy.ecust.edu.cn/
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China http://hyxy.ecust.edu.cn/
| | - Jin‐Ku Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China http://hyxy.ecust.edu.cn/
| | - Xiao‐Hong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, P. R. China
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Flemban TH, Singaravelu V, Sasikala Devi AA, Roqan IS. Homogeneous vertical ZnO nanorod arrays with high conductivity on an in situ Gd nanolayer. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19798h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel, one-step, catalyst-free method for the production of size-controlled vertical highly conductive ZnO nanorod arrays with highly desirable characteristics on anin situuniform Gd nanolayer using pulsed laser deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani H. Flemban
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Venkatesh Singaravelu
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Assa Aravindh Sasikala Devi
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman S. Roqan
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
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Pradel KC, Wu W, Zhou Y, Wen X, Ding Y, Wang ZL. Piezotronic effect in solution-grown p-type ZnO nanowires and films. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:2647-53. [PMID: 23635319 DOI: 10.1021/nl400792w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the piezotronic effect in p-type piezoelectric semiconductor is critical for developing a complete piezotronic theory and designing/fabricating novel piezotronic applications with more complex functionality. Using a low temperature solution method, we were able to produce ultralong (up to 60 μm in length) Sb doped p-type ZnO nanowires on both rigid and flexible substrates. For the p-type nanowire field effect transistor, the on/off ratio, threshold voltage, mobility, and carrier concentration of 0.2% Sb-doped sample are found to be 10(5), 2.1 V, 0.82 cm(2)·V(-1)·s(-1), and 2.6 × 10(17) cm(-3), respectively, and the corresponding values for 1% Sb doped samples are 10(4), 2.0 V, 1.24 cm(2)·V(-1)·s(-1), and 3.8 × 10(17) cm(-3). We further investigated the universality of piezotronic effect in the as-synthesized Sb-doped p-type ZnO NWs and reported for the first time strain-gated piezotronic transistors as well as piezopotential-driven mechanical energy harvesting based on solution-grown p-type ZnO NWs. The results presented here broaden the scope of piezotronics and extend the framework for its potential applications in electronics, optoelectronics, smart MEMS/NEMS, and human-machine interfacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken C Pradel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA
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Lin SS, Chen BG, Xiong W, Yang Y, He HP, Luo J. Negative thermal quenching of photoluminescence in zinc oxide nanowire-core/graphene-shell complexes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20 Suppl 5:A706-12. [PMID: 23037537 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.00a706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is an atomic thin two-dimensional semimetal whereas ZnO is a direct wide band gap semiconductor with a strong light-emitting ability. In this paper, we report on photoluminescence (PL) of ZnO-nanowires (NWs)-core/Graphene-shell heterostructures, which shows a negative thermal quenching (NTQ) behavior both for the near band-edge and deep level emission. The abnormal PL behavior was understood through the charging and discharging processes between ZnO NWs and graphene. The NTQ properties are most possibly induced by the unique rapidly increasing density of states of graphene as a function of Fermi level, which promises a higher quantum tunneling probability between graphene and ZnO at a raised temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Lin
- Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang ZL. Progress in piezotronics and piezo-phototronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:4632-46. [PMID: 22331639 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201104365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental principle of piezotronics and piezo-phototronics were introduced by Wang in 2007 and 2010, respectively. Due to the polarization of ions in a crystal that has non-central symmetry in materials such as the wurtzite structured ZnO, GaN and InN, a piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) is created in the crystal by applying a stress. Owing to the simultaneous possession of piezoelectricity and semiconductor properties, the piezopotential created in the crystal has a strong effect on the carrier transport at the interface/junction. Piezotronics is about the devices fabricated using the piezopotential as a "gate" voltage to tune/control charge carrier transport at a contact or junction. The piezo-phototronic effect is to use the piezopotential to control the carrier generation, transport, separation and/or recombination for improving the performance of optoelectronic devices, such as photon detector, solar cell and LED. This manuscript reviews the updated progress in the two new fields. A perspective is given about their potential applications in sensors, human-silicon technology interfacing, MEMS, nanorobotics and energy sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Lin Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, 30332-0245, USA.
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Zhang H, Gheisi AR, Sternig A, Müller K, Schowalter M, Rosenauer A, Diwald O, Mädler L. Bulk and surface excitons in alloyed and phase-separated ZnO-MgO particulate systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:2490-2497. [PMID: 22530613 DOI: 10.1021/am300184b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of composite nanoparticles with desired optical and electronic properties requires the detailed analysis of surface and bulk contributions to the respective overall function. We use flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) to generate nanoparticles of the ternary Zn-Mg-O system the compositions of which range from solid solutions of Zn(2+) ions in periclase MgO to phase separated particle mixtures which consist of periclase (cubic) MgO and wurtzite (hexagonal) ZnO phases. The structure and composition of the composite Zn(x)Mg(1-x)O (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) particles are investigated using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, whereas UV diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy are used for the investigation of their optical properties. Vacuum annealing has been carried out to track the effects of stepwise elimination of surface adsorbates on the photoexcitation and PL emission properties. We demonstrate that for Zn(0.1)Mg(0.9)O particles, the admixed ZnO suppresses the MgO specific surface excitons and produces a PL emission band at 470 nm. Although gaseous oxygen partially reduces the emission intensity of hydroxylated particles, it leads to entire quenching in completely dehydroxylated samples after vacuum annealing at 1173 K. Consequently, surface hydroxyls at the solid-gas interface play a significant role as protecting groups against the PL-quenching effects of O(2). The obtained results are relevant for the characterization of ZnO-based devices as well as for other metal oxide materials where the impact of the surface composition on the photoelectronic properties is usually neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjun Zhang
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT), Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Badgasteinerstrasse 3, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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11
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Gao J, Zhao Q, Sun Y, Li G, Zhang J, Yu D. A Novel Way for Synthesizing Phosphorus-Doped Zno Nanowires. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2011; 6:45. [PMID: 27502667 PMCID: PMC3211869 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-010-9805-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel approach to synthesize phosphorus (P)-doped ZnO nanowires by directly decomposing zinc phosphate powder. The samples were demonstrated to be P-doped ZnO nanowires by using scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectrum, Raman spectra and photoluminescence measurements. The chemical state of P was investigated by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) analyses in individual ZnO nanowires. P was found to substitute at oxygen sites (PO), with the presence of anti-site P on Zn sites (PZn). P-doped ZnO nanowires were high resistance and the related P-doping mechanism was discussed by combining EELS results with electrical measurements, structure characterization and photoluminescence measurements. Our method provides an efficient way of synthesizing P-doped ZnO nanowires and the results help to understand the P-doping mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, Peoples's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, Peoples's Republic of China.
| | - Yanghui Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, Peoples's Republic of China
| | - Guo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, Peoples's Republic of China
| | - Jingmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, Peoples's Republic of China
| | - Dapeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, Peoples's Republic of China.
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Vergara AV, Pernites RB, Pascua S, Binag CA, Advincula RC. QCM sensing of a chemical nerve agent analog via electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polythiophene films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hsin CL, Lee WF, Huang CT, Huang CW, Wu WW, Chen LJ. Growth of CuInSe2 and In2Se3/CuInSe2 nano-heterostructures through solid state reactions. NANO LETTERS 2011; 11:4348-51. [PMID: 21859092 DOI: 10.1021/nl202463w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In(2)Se(3) is an essential phase change material and CuInSe(2) is the fundamental basis of the copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) solar energy material. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility to transform the phase change material to the solar energy material via the solid state reaction. The In(2)Se(3) nanobelts (NBs) were synthesized via the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism. The chemical composition and the optical properties were investigated by energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and reflectance and photoluminescence spectra. In the in situ observation of the solid state reaction with Cu to form the CuInSe(2) NBs with ultrahigh vacuum transmission electron microscopy, we observed the In(2)Se(3)/CuInSe(2) transformation at atomic scale in real time. The progression of the atomic layer at the interface provided the pertinent information on the kinetic mechanism. In(2)Se(3)/CuInSe(2) nano-heterostructures were also obtained in the present investigation. The approach to the CIGS nanosolar cell was also proposed. This study shall be beneficial in the development of high-performance nanowire solar cells and nanodevices with In(2)Se(3)/CuInSe(2) nano-heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lun Hsin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen MT, Lu MP, Wu YJ, Song J, Lee CY, Lu MY, Chang YC, Chou LJ, Wang ZL, Chen LJ. Near UV LEDs made with in situ doped p-n homojunction ZnO nanowire arrays. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:4387-93. [PMID: 20939582 DOI: 10.1021/nl101907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst-free p-n homojunction ZnO nanowire (NW) arrays in which the phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) served as p- and n-type dopants, respectively, have been synthesized for the first time by a controlled in situ doping process for fabricating efficient ultraviolet light-emitting devices. The doping transition region defined as the width for P atoms gradually occupying Zn sites along the growth direction can be narrowed down to sub-50 nm. The cathodoluminescence emission peak at 340 nm emitted from n-type ZnO:Zn NW arrays is likely due to the Burstein-Moss effect in the high electron carrier concentration regime. Further, the electroluminescence spectra from the p-n ZnO NW arrays distinctively exhibit the short-wavelength emission at 342 nm and the blue shift from 342 to 325 nm is observed as the operating voltage further increasing. The ZnO NW p-n homojunctions comprising p-type segment with high electron concentration are promising building blocks for short-wavelength lighting device and photoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Teng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043 Republic of China
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Stankic S, Sternig A, Finocchi F, Bernardi J, Diwald O. Zinc oxide scaffolds on MgO nanocubes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:355603. [PMID: 20693618 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/35/355603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Powders of isolated and well-dispersed oxide nanocubes are promising components for photoelectronic applications that benefit from tunable optical properties, surface reactivity and the ease of realization of their controlled assembly. Here, we demonstrate that combustion of zinc and magnesium metal vapors at reduced pressures followed by subsequent vacuum annealing of the resulting nanoparticle powders yields single-crystalline Zn(x)Mg(1-x)O nanocubes of exceptional regular cubic shape and edge lengths below 25 nm. In line with ab initio calculations, which predict preferential Zn(2+) segregation into low coordinated surface elements of the MgO nanocubes, we track the occupation of edge sites by chains of Zn(2+)-O(2-) units through their spectroscopic signatures. As a method to generate composite nanostructures with controlled spatial distribution of the chemical components, the annealing induced ion segregation can be extended to other well-dispersed metastable nanoparticles. We expect that the energy of segregation mainly depends on the site coordination number, which can promote controlled demixing within the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Stankic
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, UMR 7588 CNRS and Université Paris 6, Paris, France
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