1
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Karner C, Bianchi E. Anisotropic functionalized platelets: percolation, porosity and network properties. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:443-457. [PMID: 38235098 PMCID: PMC10790971 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00621b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Anisotropic functionalized platelets are able to model the assembly behaviour of molecular systems in two dimensions thanks to the unique combination of steric and bonding constraints. The assembly scenarios can vary from open to close-packed crystals, finite clusters and chains, according to the features of the imposed constraints. In this work, we focus on the assembly of equilibrium networks. These networks can be seen as disordered, porous monolayers and can be of interest for instance in nano-filtration and optical applications. We investigate the formation and properties of two dimensional networks from shape anisotropic colloids functionalized with four patches. We characterize the connectivity properties, the typical local bonding motives, as well as the geometric features of the emerging networks for a large variety of different systems. Our results show that networks of shape anisotropic colloids assemble into highly versatile network topologies, that may be utilized for applications at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Karner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, TU Wien Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10 A-1040 Wien Austria
| | - Emanuela Bianchi
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, TU Wien Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10 A-1040 Wien Austria
- CNR-ISC, Uos Sapienza Piazzale A. Moro 2 00185 Roma Italy
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2
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Sun K, Sugawara K, Lyalin A, Ishigaki Y, Uosaki K, Custance O, Taketsugu T, Suzuki T, Kawai S. On-Surface Synthesis of Multiple Cu Atom-Bridged Organometallic Oligomers. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 38047624 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A metal-metal bond between coordination complexes has the nature of a covalent bond in hydrocarbons. While bimetallic and trimetallic compounds usually have three-dimensional structures in solution, the high directionality and robustness of the bond can be applied for on-surface syntheses. Here, we present a systematic formation of complex organometallic oligomers on Cu(111) through sequential ring opening of 11,11,12,12-tetraphenyl-1,4,5,8-tetraazaanthraquinodimethane and bonding of phenanthroline derivatives by multiple Cu atoms. A detailed characterization with a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations revealed the role of the Cu adatoms in both enantiomers of the chiral oligomers. Furthermore, we found sufficient strength of the bonds against sliding friction by manipulating the oligomers up to a hexamer. This finding may help to increase the variety of organometallic nanostructures on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Sun
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugawara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Andrey Lyalin
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishigaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kohei Uosaki
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Oscar Custance
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kawai
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
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3
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Lu J, Nieckarz D, Jiang H, Zhu Z, Yan Y, Zheng F, Rżysko W, Lisiecki J, Szabelski P, Sun Q. Order-Disorder Transition of Two-Dimensional Molecular Networks through a Stoichiometric Design. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20194-20202. [PMID: 37788293 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Materials with disordered structures may exhibit interesting properties. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of hybrid materials composed of metal nodes and coordinating organic linkers. Recently, there has been growing interest in MOFs with structural disorder and the investigations of amorphous structures on surfaces. Herein, we demonstrate a bottom-up method to construct disordered molecular networks on metal surfaces by selecting two organic molecule linkers with the same symmetry but different sizes for preparing two-component samples with different stoichiometric ratios. The amorphous networks are directly imaged by scanning tunneling microscopy under ultrahigh vacuum with a submolecular resolution, allowing us to quantify its degree of disorder and other structural properties. Furthermore, we resort to molecular dynamics simulations to understand the formation of the amorphous metal-organic networks. The results may advance our understanding of the mechanism of formation of monolayer molecular networks with structural disorders, facilitating the design and exploration of amorphous MOF materials with intriguing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Damian Nieckarz
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Hao Jiang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyi Yan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Fengru Zheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Wojciech Rżysko
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Lisiecki
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Szabelski
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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4
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Zheng F, Lu J, Zhu Z, Jiang H, Yan Y, He Y, Yuan S, Sun Q. Predicting Molecular Self-Assembly on Metal Surfaces Using Graph Neural Networks Based on Experimental Data Sets. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17545-17553. [PMID: 37611029 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The application of supramolecular chemistry on solid surfaces has received extensive attention in the past few decades. To date, combining experiments with quantum mechanical or molecular dynamic methods represents the key strategy to explore the molecular self-assembled structures, which is, however, often laborious. Recently, machine learning (ML) has become one of the most exciting tools in material research, allowing for both efficiency and accuracy in predicting molecular properties. In this work, we constructed a graph neural network to predict the self-assembly of functional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on metal surfaces. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we characterized the self-assembled nanostructures of a homologous series of PAH molecules on different metal surfaces to construct an experimental data set for model training. Compared with traditional ML algorithms, our model exhibits better predictive performance. Finally, the generalization of the model is further verified by comparing the ML predictions and experimental results of different functionalized molecule. Our results demonstrate training experimental data sets to produce a predictive ML model of molecular self-assembly with generalization performance, which allows for the predictive design of nanostructures with functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengru Zheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyi Yan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoxuan Yuan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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5
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Lu J, Jiang H, Yan Y, Zhu Z, Zheng F, Sun Q. High-Throughput Preparation of Supramolecular Nanostructures on Metal Surfaces. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13160-13167. [PMID: 35862580 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the contemporary challenges in materials science lies in the rapid materials screening and discovery. Experimental sample libraries can be generated by high-throughput parallel synthesis to map the composition space for rapid material discoveries. Molecular self-assembly on surfaces has proved a useful way to construct nanostructures with interesting topologies or properties. Despite the strong dependence of molecular stoichiometry on the structures, high-throughput preparations of supramolecular surface nanostructures have been far less explored. Here, by integrating a physical mask into the standard ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) molecular preparation system we show a high-throughput approach for preparing supramolecular nanostructures of continuous composition spreads on metal surfaces. The spatially addressable sample libraries of supramolecular self-assemblies are characterized by high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. We could explore different binary nanostructures of varying molecular ratios on one single substrate. Moreover, we use the minimum spanning tree approach to qualitatively and quantitatively study the structural properties of the formed nanostructures. This high-throughput approach may accelerate the screening and exploration of surface-supported, low-dimensional nanostructures not limited to supramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyi Yan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Fengru Zheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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6
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Monte Carlo Simulations of the Metal-Directed Self-Assembly of Y-Shaped Positional Isomers. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rational fabrication of low-dimensional materials with a well-defined topology and functions is an incredibly important aspect of nanotechnology. In particular, the on-surface synthesis (OSS) methods based on the bottom-up approach enable a facile construction of sophisticated molecular architectures unattainable by traditional methods of wet chemistry. Among such supramolecular constructs, especially interesting are the surface-supported metal–organic networks (SMONs), composed of low-coordinated metal atoms and π-aromatic bridging linkers. In this work, the lattice Monte Carlo (MC) simulation technique was used to extract the chemical information encoded in a family of Y-shaped positional isomers co-adsorbed with trivalent metal atoms on a flat metallic surface with (111) geometry. Depending on the intramolecular distribution of active centers (within the simulated molecular bricks, we observed a metal-directed self-assembly of two-dimensional (2D) openwork patterns, aperiodic mosaics, and metal–organic ladders. The obtained theoretical findings could be especially relevant for the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experimentalists interested in a surface-assisted construction of complex nanomaterials stabilized by directional coordination bonds.
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7
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Meier D, Adak AK, Knecht P, Reichert J, Mondal S, Suryadevara N, Kuppusamy SK, Eguchi K, Muntwiler MK, Allegretti F, Ruben M, Barth JV, Narasimhan S, Papageorgiou AC. Rotation in an Enantiospecific Self‐Assembled Array of Molecular Raffle Wheels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Meier
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich (TUM) James Franck Strasse 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Abhishek K. Adak
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Bangalore 560054 India
| | - Peter Knecht
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich (TUM) James Franck Strasse 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Joachim Reichert
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich (TUM) James Franck Strasse 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Sourav Mondal
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Bangalore 560054 India
| | - Nithin Suryadevara
- Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Keitaro Eguchi
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich (TUM) James Franck Strasse 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | | | - Francesco Allegretti
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich (TUM) James Franck Strasse 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ) Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS) 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028 67083 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich (TUM) James Franck Strasse 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Shobhana Narasimhan
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur Bangalore 560054 India
| | - Anthoula C. Papageorgiou
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich (TUM) James Franck Strasse 1 85748 Garching Germany
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8
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Shan H, Zhou L, Ji W, Zhao A. Flexible Alkali-Halogen Bonding in Two Dimensional Alkali-Metal Organic Frameworks. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10808-10814. [PMID: 34726059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
On-surface fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) metal organic frameworks (MOFs) has been continuously attracting attentions for years. However, the synthesis of 2D MOFs with large-amplitude flexibility was rarely carried out since the bonding configurations in the coordination nodes are typically highly directional. Here we demonstrate that single alkali ions, which are fully isotropic in ionic bonding, can act as pivot joints for constructing tunable 2D MOFs by bonding to dihalogen groups in organic molecules. We take 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexabromotriphenylene, a 3-fold polycyclic molecule with three ortho-dibromo groups, and sodium (Na) atoms as a model system and successfully construct Na-based MOFs on Au(111) surface. The deflection angle of the Na coordination nodes is variable in an unprecedentedly large range between ±36° that allows the construction of multiple 2D MOF architectures. Such a flexible alkali-halogen bonding may provide a unique toolbox for designing and constructing more tunable MOFs by choosing various alkali atoms and halogen moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Shan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Linwei Zhou
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Aidi Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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9
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Meier D, Adak AK, Knecht P, Reichert J, Mondal S, Suryadevara N, Kuppusamy SK, Eguchi K, Muntwiler MK, Allegretti F, Ruben M, Barth JV, Narasimhan S, Papageorgiou AC. Rotation in an Enantiospecific Self-Assembled Array of Molecular Raffle Wheels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26932-26938. [PMID: 34555241 PMCID: PMC9299480 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tailored nano-spaces can control enantioselective adsorption and molecular motion. We report on the spontaneous assembly of a dynamic system-a rigid kagome network with each pore occupied by a guest molecule-employing solely 2,6-bis(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid on Ag(111). The network cavity snugly hosts the chemically modified guest, bestows enantiomorphic adsorption and allows selective rotational motions. Temperature-dependent scanning tunnelling microscopy studies revealed distinct anchoring orientations of the guest unit switching with a 0.95 eV thermal barrier. H-bonding between the guest and the host transiently stabilises the rotating guest, as the flapper on a raffle wheel. Density functional theory investigations unravel the detailed molecular pirouette of the guest and how the energy landscape is determined by H-bond formation and breakage. The origin of the guest's enantiodirected, dynamic anchoring lies in the specific interplay of the kagome network and the silver surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Meier
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich (TUM), James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Abhishek K Adak
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Peter Knecht
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich (TUM), James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Joachim Reichert
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich (TUM), James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Sourav Mondal
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Nithin Suryadevara
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Keitaro Eguchi
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich (TUM), James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | | | - Francesco Allegretti
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich (TUM), James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich (TUM), James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Shobhana Narasimhan
- Theoretical Sciences Unit & School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560054, India
| | - Anthoula C Papageorgiou
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich (TUM), James Franck Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
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10
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Hu W, Zhang H, Cheng P, Chen L, Chen Z, Klyatskaya S, Ruben M, Barth JV, Wu K, Zhang YQ. Creating supramolecular semiregular Archimedean tilings via gas-mediated deprotonation of a terminal alkyne derivative. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01413g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Combining surface-confined reactions with supramolecular self-assembly allows the chemical transformation of simple molecular precursors into higher-level tectons to generate complex tessellations with unique structural and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Hu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hexu Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kehui Wu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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11
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Procházka P, Gosalvez MA, Kormoš L, de la Torre B, Gallardo A, Alberdi-Rodriguez J, Chutora T, Makoveev AO, Shahsavar A, Arnau A, Jelínek P, Čechal J. Multiscale Analysis of Phase Transformations in Self-Assembled Layers of 4,4'-Biphenyl Dicarboxylic Acid on the Ag(001) Surface. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7269-7279. [PMID: 32413259 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the nucleation and growth kinetics of thin films is a prerequisite for their large-scale utilization in devices. For self-assembled molecular phases near thermodynamic equilibrium the nucleation-growth kinetic models are still not developed. Here, we employ real-time low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) to visualize a phase transformation induced by the carboxylation of 4,4'-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid on Ag(001) under ultra-high-vacuum conditions. The initial (α) and transformed (β) molecular phases are characterized in detail by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, single-domain low-energy electron diffraction, room-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, noncontact atomic force microscopy, and density functional theory calculations. The phase transformation is shown to exhibit a rich variety of phenomena, including Ostwald ripening of the α domains, burst nucleation of the β domains outside the α phase, remote dissolution of the α domains by nearby β domains, and a structural change from disorder to order. We show that all phenomena are well described by a general growth-conversion-growth (GCG) model. Here, the two-dimensional gas of admolecules has a dual role: it mediates mass transport between the molecular islands and hosts a slow deprotonation reaction. Further, we conclude that burst nucleation is consistent with a combination of rather weak intermolecular bonding and the onset of an additional weak many-body attractive interaction when a molecule is surrounded by its nearest neighbors. In addition, we conclude that Ostwald ripening and remote dissolution are essentially the same phenomenon, where a more stable structure grows at the expense of a kinetically formed, less stable entity via transport through the 2D gas. The proposed GCG model is validated through kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Procházka
- CEITEC, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miguel A Gosalvez
- Department of Materials Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM-Materials Physics Center MPC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Lukáš Kormoš
- CEITEC, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno de la Torre
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aurelio Gallardo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Joseba Alberdi-Rodriguez
- Department of Materials Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM-Materials Physics Center MPC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Taras Chutora
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Anton O Makoveev
- CEITEC, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Azin Shahsavar
- CEITEC, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andres Arnau
- Department of Materials Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM-Materials Physics Center MPC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Čechal
- CEITEC, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Müller M, Henzl J, Morgenstern K. Confinement of a three-dimensional organic molecule to two dimensions on a surface. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Yang E, Wu C, Pan P, Lee G, Sheu H, Chang C. The structures of MOFs prepared from 1,3,5‐tris [4‐pyridylethynyl]‐benzene and a copper(I) perchlorate complex. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- En‐Che Yang
- Department of ChemistryFu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Chen‐Ming Wu
- Department of ChemistryFu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Pei‐Jia Pan
- Department of ChemistryFu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Gene‐Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, College of ScienceNational Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hwo‐Shuenn Sheu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Chung‐Kai Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu Taiwan
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14
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Zhang X, Xue N, Li C, Li N, Wang H, Kocić N, Beniwal S, Palotás K, Li R, Xue Q, Maier S, Hou S, Wang Y. Coordination-Controlled C-C Coupling Products via ortho-Site C-H Activation. ACS NANO 2019; 13:1385-1393. [PMID: 30726665 PMCID: PMC6396320 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The coordination-restricted ortho-site C-H bond activation and dehydrogenative homocoupling of 4,4'-(1,3-phenylene)dipyridine (1,3-BPyB) and 4,4'-(1,4-phenylene)dipyridine (1,4-BPyB) on different metal surfaces were studied by a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy, noncontact atomic force microscopy, and density functional theory calculations. The coupling products on Cu(111) exhibited certain configurations subject to the spatial restriction of robust two-fold Cu-N coordination bonds. Compared to the V-shaped 1,3-BPyB, the straight backbone of 1,4-BPyB helped to further reduce the variety of reactive products. By utilizing the three-fold coordination of Fe atoms with 1,4-BPyB molecules on Au(111), a large-scale network containing single products was constructed. Our results offer a promising protocol for controllable on-surface synthesis with the aid of robust coordination interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Na Xue
- Peking University
Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai), Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Chao Li
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Na Li
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nemanja Kocić
- Department
of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Strasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sumit Beniwal
- Department
of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Strasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Krisztián Palotás
- Institute
for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner
Research Center for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ruoning Li
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sabine Maier
- Department
of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University
Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Strasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Shimin Hou
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University
Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai), Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy
of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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15
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Jana A, Mishra P, Das N. Polymorphic self-assembly of pyrazine-based tectons at the solution-solid interface. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:494-499. [PMID: 30873321 PMCID: PMC6404514 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the surface self-assembly of small molecules that act as building blocks (tectons) for complex supramolecular structures is crucial for realizing surface-supported functional molecular devices. Here, we report on the synthesis and surface self-assembly of a new pyrazine-derived molecule with pyridine pendants. Ambient scanning tunneling microscopy investigation at the solution-solid interface reveals polymorphic self-assembly of these molecules on a HOPG substrate. Two different molecular packing structures with equal distribution are observed. Detailed analysis of the STM images emphasizes the crucial role of weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and molecule-substrate interactions in the formation of the observed polymorphs. Such weak hydrogen bonding interactions are highly desirable for the formation of modular supramolecular architectures since they can provide sufficiently robust molecular structures and also facilitate error correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achintya Jana
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Patna-801106, India
| | - Puneet Mishra
- Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
| | - Neeladri Das
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Patna-801106, India
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16
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Carlotto S, Mohebbi E, Sedona F, Lo Cicero M, Colazzo L, Mariani C, Betti MG, Sambi M, Casarin M. An experimental and theoretical study of metallorganic coordination networks of tetrahydroxyquinone on Cu(111). NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04884g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT modeling of STM and XAS evidences investigated the adsorption of THQ@Cu(111) that generates different ordered configurations at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Carlotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Elaheh Mohebbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Francesco Sedona
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Matteo Lo Cicero
- A.P.E. Research S.r.l
- AREA Science Park
- Basovizza
- 34149 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Luciano Colazzo
- Department of Physics
- EwhaWomans University
- Seoul 03760
- Republic of Korea
| | - Carlo Mariani
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Università di Roma “La Sapienza”
- I-00185 Roma
- Italy
| | | | - Mauro Sambi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
- Consorzio INSTM, Unità di Ricerca di Padova
| | - Maurizio Casarin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
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17
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Garah ME, Cook TR, Sepehrpour H, Ciesielski A, Stang PJ, Samorì P. Concentration-dependent supramolecular patterns of C 3 and C 2 symmetric molecules at the solid/liquid interface. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 168:211-216. [PMID: 29198983 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we report on a scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) investigation on the self-assembly of C3- and C2-symmetric molecules at the solution/graphite interface. 1,3,5-tris((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)benzene and 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)ethane are used as model systems. These molecules displayed a concentration dependent self-assembly behaviour on graphite, resulting in highly ordered supramolecular structures, which are stabilized jointly by van der Waals substrate-adsorbate interactions and in-plane intermolecular H-bonding. Denser packing is obtained when applying a relatively high concentration solution to the basal plane of the surface whereas a less dense porous network is observed upon lowering the concentration. We show that the molecular conformation does not influence the stability of the self-assembly and a twisted molecule can pack into dense and porous architectures under the concentration effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Garah
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Timothy R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, United State
| | - Hajar Sepehrpour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, United State
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, United State.
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
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18
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Schwarz M, Garnica M, Fasano F, Demitri N, Bonifazi D, Auwärter W. BN-Patterning of Metallic Substrates through Metal Coordination of Decoupled Borazines. Chemistry 2018; 24:9565-9571. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schwarz
- Physics Department; Technical University of Munich; 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Manuela Garnica
- Physics Department; Technical University of Munich; 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Francesco Fasano
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste; S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Basovizza, Trieste Italy
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place Main Building Cardiff CF10 3AT United Kingdom
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department; Technical University of Munich; 85748 Garching Germany
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19
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Lo Cicero M, Della Pia A, Riello M, Colazzo L, Sedona F, Betti MG, Sambi M, De Vita A, Mariani C. A long-range ordered array of copper tetrameric units embedded in an on-surface metal organic framework. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:214706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5004082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lo Cicero
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Ada Della Pia
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Riello
- Physics Department, King’s College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Luciano Colazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Sedona
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Betti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Mauro Sambi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and INSTM, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Vita
- Physics Department, King’s College, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Mariani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” I-00185 Roma, Italy
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20
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Mukherjee A, Teyssandier J, Hennrich G, De Feyter S, Mali KS. Two-dimensional crystal engineering using halogen and hydrogen bonds: towards structural landscapes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3759-3769. [PMID: 28553534 PMCID: PMC5427994 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00129k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) crystallization on solid surfaces is governed by a subtle balance of supramolecular and interfacial interactions. However, these subtle interactions often make the prediction of supramolecular structure from the molecular structure impossible. As a consequence, surface-based 2D crystallization has often been studied on a case-by-case basis, which hinders the identification of structure-determining relationships between different self-assembling systems. Here we begin the discussion on such structure-determining relationships by comparing the 2D crystallization of two identical building blocks based on a 1,3,5-tris(pyridine-4-ylethynyl)benzene unit at the solution-solid interface. The concepts of supramolecular synthons and structural landscapes are introduced in the context of 2D crystallization on surfaces to identify common structural elements. The systems are characterized using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). This strategy involves carrying out minor structural modifications on the parent compound to access supramolecular patterns that are otherwise not obtained. We demonstrate that this chemical perturbation strategy translates equally well for 2D co-crystallization experiments with halogen bond donors yielding porous bi-component networks. The holistic approach described here represents a stepping stone towards gaining predictive power over the 2D crystallization of molecules on solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mukherjee
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics , Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B3001 Leuven , Belgium . ;
| | - Joan Teyssandier
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics , Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B3001 Leuven , Belgium . ;
| | - Gunther Hennrich
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics , Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B3001 Leuven , Belgium . ;
| | - Kunal S Mali
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics , Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B3001 Leuven , Belgium . ;
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21
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Xie L, Zhang C, Ding Y, Xu W. Structural Transformation and Stabilization of Metal-Organic Motifs Induced by Halogen Doping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Ding
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
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22
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Xie L, Zhang C, Ding Y, Xu W. Structural Transformation and Stabilization of Metal-Organic Motifs Induced by Halogen Doping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5077-5081. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Ding
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
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23
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Zhang C, Wang L, Xie L, Ding Y, Xu W. On-Surface Dual-Response Structural Transformations of Guanine Molecules and Fe Atoms. Chemistry 2017; 23:2356-2362. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Caoan Road 4800 Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Likun Wang
- Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Caoan Road 4800 Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Caoan Road 4800 Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Ding
- Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Caoan Road 4800 Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Tongji-Aarhus Joint Research Center for Nanostructures and Functional Nanomaterials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Tongji University; Caoan Road 4800 Shanghai 201804 P.R. China
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24
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Li SY, Chen T, Wang L, Wang D, Wan LJ. Turning off the majority-rules effect in two-dimensional hierarchical chiral assembly by introducing a chiral mismatch. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:17861-17868. [PMID: 27714125 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06341a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism in chiral transmission from a single molecule to a supramolecular level is fundamentally important to decipher the nonlinear amplification effect in the two-dimensional (2D) chiral assembly process. In this contribution, we report on the dramatically different nonlinear amplification effect in the chiral co-adsorber induced homochiral assemblies constructed by a series of homologous achiral building blocks on the graphite surface under control of the majority-rules principle. Homologous hexagonal networks are formed for 5-(benzyloxy)-isophthalic acid (BIC) derivatives with different alkyl lengths. While globally homochiral monolayers of BIC-C6 or BIC-C16 can be obtained by using a mixture of chiral co-adsorber 2-octanol with a small enantiomeric excess, such majority-rules principle based nonlinear chiral amplification is inoperative for the assembly of BIC-C10. Molecular mechanistic analysis indicates that BIC-C10 assembly can accommodate a chiral mismatched motif to form long-range ordered but short-range disordered crystalline networks, leading to the co-adsorption of enantiomers without enantioselectivity. The present results shed important insights into the significance of chirality mismatch during chiral transmission and benefit the understanding of chiral communication in a surface monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P.R. China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China.
| | - Ting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P.R. China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China.
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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25
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Bischoff F, He Y, Seufert K, Stassen D, Bonifazi D, Barth JV, Auwärter W. Tailoring Large Pores of Porphyrin Networks on Ag(111) by Metal-Organic Coordination. Chemistry 2016; 22:15298-15306. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bischoff
- Physik Department E20; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Yuanqin He
- Physik Department E20; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
- Institute for Advanced Study; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Knud Seufert
- Physik Department E20; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Daphné Stassen
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College; University of Namur; Belgium
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Department of Chemistry and Namur Research College; University of Namur; Belgium
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place; Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physik Department E20; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physik Department E20; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
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26
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Svane KL, Linderoth TR, Hammer B. Structure and role of metal clusters in a metal-organic coordination network determined by density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:084708. [PMID: 26931719 DOI: 10.1063/1.4942665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the structures formed by self-assembly of tetrahydroxybenzene (THB)-derivatives on Cu(111). The THB molecule is known to dehydrogenate completely during annealing, forming a reactive radical which assembles into a close-packed structure or a porous metal-coordinated network depending on the coverage of the system. Here, we present details on how the structures are determined by density functional theory calculations, using scanning tunneling microscopy-derived information on the periodicity. The porous network is based on adatom trimers. By analysing the charge distribution of the structure, it is found that this unusual coordination motif is preferred because it simultaneously provides a good coordination of all oxygen atoms and allows for the formation of a two-dimensional network on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Svane
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T R Linderoth
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B Hammer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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27
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Musumeci C, Osella S, Ferlauto L, Niedzialek D, Grisanti L, Bonacchi S, Jouaiti A, Milita S, Ciesielski A, Beljonne D, Hosseini MW, Samorì P. Influence of the supramolecular order on the electrical properties of 1D coordination polymers based materials. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:2386-2394. [PMID: 26754960 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07776a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The generation, under self-assembly conditions, of coordination polymers on surface based combinations of a terpyridine-antracene-pyridine based tecton and Co(II) or Pd(II) cations is primarily governed by the coordination geometry of the metal center (octahedral and square planar respectively). While the octahedral Co(II) based polymer self-assembles in insulating films exhibiting randomly oriented crystalline domains, the planarity of Pd(II) based polymers leads to the formation of conductive π-π stacked fibrillar structures exhibiting anisotropically oriented domains. In the latter case, the favorable Pd-Pd and anthracene-anthracene wavefunction overlaps along the fiber direction are responsible for the large electronic couplings between adjacent chains, whereas small electronic couplings are instead found along individual polymer chains. These results provide important guidelines for the design of conductive metal coordination polymers, highlighting the fundamental role of both intra- as well as inter-chain interactions, thus opening up new perspectives towards their application in functional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Musumeci
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Silvio Osella
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Laura Ferlauto
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France. and CNR - Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (IMM), via Piero Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Dorota Niedzialek
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Luca Grisanti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Sara Bonacchi
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Abdelaziz Jouaiti
- Laboratoire de Tectonique Moléculaire, UMR UdS-CNRS 7140, icFRC, Institut Le Bel, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Silvia Milita
- CNR - Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (IMM), via Piero Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Mir Wais Hosseini
- Laboratoire de Tectonique Moléculaire, UMR UdS-CNRS 7140, icFRC, Institut Le Bel, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Paolo Samorì
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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28
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El Garah M, Dianat A, Cadeddu A, Gutierrez R, Cecchini M, Cook TR, Ciesielski A, Stang PJ, Cuniberti G, Samorì P. Atomically Precise Prediction of 2D Self-Assembly of Weakly Bonded Nanostructures: STM Insight into Concentration-Dependent Architectures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:343-350. [PMID: 26596683 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A joint experimental and computational study is reported on the concentration-dependant self-assembly of a flat C3 -symmetric molecule on a graphite surface. As a model system a tripodal molecule, 1,3,5-tris(pyridin-3-ylethynyl)benzene, has been chosen, which can adopt either C3h or Cs symmetry when planar, as a result of pyridyl rotation along the alkynyl spacers. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations of 2D nanopatterns with different surface coverage reveal that the molecule can generate different types of self-assembled motifs. The stability of fourteen 2D patterns and the influence of concentration are analyzed. It is found that ordered, densely packed monolayers and 2D porous networks are obtained at high and low concentrations, respectively. A concentration-dependent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) investigation of this molecular self-assembly system at a solution/graphite interface reveals four supramolecular motifs, which are in perfect agreement with those predicted by simulations. Therefore, this DFT method represents a key step forward toward the atomically precise prediction of molecular self-assembly on surfaces and at interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Garah
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Institute for Materials Sciences and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science, Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCCMS) and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Cadeddu
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Institute for Materials Sciences and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science, Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCCMS) and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Cecchini
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Timothy R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Institute for Materials Sciences and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science, Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCCMS) and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paolo Samorì
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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29
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Cirera B, Đorđević L, Otero R, Gallego JM, Bonifazi D, Miranda R, Ecija D. Dysprosium-carboxylate nanomeshes with tunable cavity size and assembly motif through ionic interactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11227-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04874a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tunability of cavity size and assembly motif of dysprosium-directed nanomeshes through ionic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L. Đorđević
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR Trieste
- University of Trieste
- Trieste 34127
- Italy
| | - R. Otero
- IMDEA Nanoscience
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
| | - J. M. Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid
- CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - D. Bonifazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR Trieste
- University of Trieste
- Trieste 34127
- Italy
- School of Chemistry
| | - R. Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
| | - D. Ecija
- IMDEA Nanoscience
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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30
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Urgel JI, Cirera B, Wang Y, Auwärter W, Otero R, Gallego JM, Alcamí M, Klyatskaya S, Ruben M, Martín F, Miranda R, Ecija D, Barth JV. Surface-Supported Robust 2D Lanthanide-Carboxylate Coordination Networks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:6358-6364. [PMID: 26524215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-based metal-organic compounds and architectures are promising systems for sensing, heterogeneous catalysis, photoluminescence, and magnetism. Herein, the fabrication of interfacial 2D lanthanide-carboxylate networks is introduced. This study combines low- and variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations addressing their design and electronic properties. The bonding of ditopic linear linkers to Gd centers on a Cu(111) surface gives rise to extended nanoporous grids, comprising mononuclear nodes featuring eightfold lateral coordination. XPS and DFT elucidate the nature of the bond, indicating ionic characteristics, which is also manifest in appreciable thermal stability. This study introduces a new generation of robust low-dimensional metallosupramolecular systems incorporating the functionalities of the f-block elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- José I Urgel
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | | | - Yang Wang
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Roberto Otero
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Gallego
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, ,28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Alcamí
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Svetlana Klyatskaya
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- IPCMS-CNRS UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Fernando Martín
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Ecija
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
- IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
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31
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Liu J, Chen Q, Xiao L, Shang J, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Shao X, Li J, Chen W, Xu GQ, Tang H, Zhao D, Wu K. Lattice-Directed Formation of Covalent and Organometallic Molecular Wires by Terminal Alkynes on Ag Surfaces. ACS NANO 2015; 9:6305-6314. [PMID: 25990647 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surface reactions of 2,5-diethynyl-1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene on Ag(111), Ag(110), and Ag(100) were systematically explored and scrutinized by scanning tunneling microscopy, molecular mechanics simulations, and density functional theory calculations. On Ag(111), Glaser coupling reaction became dominant, yielding one-dimensional molecular wires formed by covalent bonds. On Ag(110) and Ag(100), however, the terminal alkynes reacted with surface metal atoms, leading to one-dimensional organometallic nanostructures. Detailed experimental and theoretical analyses revealed that such a lattice dependence of the terminal alkyne reaction at surfaces originated from the matching degree between the periodicities of the produced molecular wires and the substrate lattice structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiang Shao
- ∥Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | | | - Wei Chen
- ⊥Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
- #SPURc, 1 CREATE Way, #15-01, CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
| | - Guo Qin Xu
- ⊥Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
- #SPURc, 1 CREATE Way, #15-01, CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
| | - Hao Tang
- ¶Groupe Matériaux Crystallins sous Contrainte, CEMES-CNRS, Boîte Postale 94347, 31055 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Kai Wu
- #SPURc, 1 CREATE Way, #15-01, CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
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32
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Urgel JI, Ecija D, Auwärter W, Stassen D, Bonifazi D, Barth JV. Orthogonal insertion of lanthanide and transition-metal atoms in metal-organic networks on surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6163-7. [PMID: 25832804 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The orthogonal coordinative properties of tetrapyrrole macrocycles and nitrile ligands have been used in a multistep procedure towards interfacial d-f hetero-bimetallic nanoarchitectures based on a free-base porphyrin derivative functionalized with meso-cyanobiphenylene substituents. Molecular-level scanning tunneling microscopy studies reveal that the porphyrin module alone self-assembles on Ag(111) in a close-packed layer with a square unit cell. Upon co-deposition of Gd atoms, a square-planar motif is formed that reflects the fourfold coordination of CN ligands to the rare-earth centers. The resulting nanoporous network morphology is retained following exposure to a beam of Co atoms, which induces selective porphyrin metalation and ultimately yields a gridlike 2D metallosupramolecular architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- José I Urgel
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, München (Germany)
| | - David Ecija
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, München (Germany). .,IMDEA Nanoscience, 28049 Madrid (Spain).
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, München (Germany).
| | - Daphné Stassen
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur 5000 (Belgium)
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Namur Research College (NARC) and Department of Chemistry University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur 5000 (Belgium). .,Department of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, Trieste 34127 (Italy).
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, München (Germany)
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33
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Urgel JI, Ecija D, Auwärter W, Stassen D, Bonifazi D, Barth JV. Orthogonal Insertion of Lanthanide and Transition-Metal Atoms in Metal-Organic Networks on Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Pivetta M, Pacchioni GE, Fernandes E, Brune H. Temperature-dependent self-assembly of NC–Ph5–CN molecules on Cu(111). J Chem Phys 2015; 142:101928. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4909518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pivetta
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulia E. Pacchioni
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edgar Fernandes
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harald Brune
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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35
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Kepčija N, Huang TJ, Klappenberger F, Barth JV. Quantum confinement in self-assembled two-dimensional nanoporous honeycomb networks at close-packed metal surfaces. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:101931. [PMID: 25770520 DOI: 10.1063/1.4913244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum confinement of a two-dimensional electron gas by supramolecular nanoporous networks is investigated using the boundary elements method based on Green's functions for finite geometries and electron plane wave expansion for periodic systems. The "particle in a box" picture was analyzed for cases with selected symmetries that model previously reported architectures constructed from organic and metal-organic scattering centers confining surface state electrons of Ag(111) and Cu(111). First, by analyzing a series of cases with systematically defined parameters (scattering geometry, potentials, and effective broadening), we demonstrate how the scattering processes affect the properties of the confined electrons. For the features of the local density of states reported by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), we disentangle the contributions of lifetime broadening and splitting of quantum well states due to coupling of neighboring quantum dots. For each system, we analyze the local electron density distribution and relate it to the corresponding band structure as calculated within the plane-wave expansion framework. Then, we address two experimental investigations, where in one case only STS data and in the other case mainly angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data were reported. In both cases, the experimental findings can be successfully simulated. Furthermore, the missing information can be complemented because our approach allows to correlate the information obtained by STS with that of ARPES. The combined analysis of several observations suggests that the scattering potentials created by the network originate primarily from the adsorbate-induced changes of the local surface dipole barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kepčija
- Physik-Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck Straße, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T-J Huang
- Physik-Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck Straße, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Klappenberger
- Physik-Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck Straße, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J V Barth
- Physik-Department E20, Technische Universität München, James-Franck Straße, 85748 Garching, Germany
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36
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Ning Y, Cramer JR, Nuermaimaiti A, Svane K, Yu M, Lægsgaard E, Besenbacher F, Xue QK, Ma X, Hammer B, Gothelf KV, Linderoth TR. Selection of conformational states in self-assembled surface structures formed from an oligo(naphthylene–ethynylene) 3-bit binary switch. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:101922. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4908062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ning
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - J. R. Cramer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - A. Nuermaimaiti
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - K. Svane
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M. Yu
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - E. Lægsgaard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - F. Besenbacher
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Q.-K. Xue
- Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X. Ma
- Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - B. Hammer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - K. V. Gothelf
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - T. R. Linderoth
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Danish National Research Foundation: Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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37
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Palma CA, Ciesielski A, Öner MA, Schaeffer G, Lehn JM, Barth JV, Samorì P. Two-dimensional soft supramolecular networks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17297-300. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07204b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Soft networks are self-assembled at the solid/liquid interface and characterized by local disorder arising from multivalent flexible intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Murat Anil Öner
- Physik-Department E20
- Technische Universität München
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Gaël Schaeffer
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physik-Department E20
- Technische Universität München
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Paolo Samorì
- ISIS & icFRC
- Université de Strasbourg & CNRS
- 67000 Strasbourg
- France
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38
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Karamzadeh B, Eaton T, Cebula I, Torres DM, Neuburger M, Mayor M, Buck M. Bestowing structure upon the pores of a supramolecular network. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:14175-8. [PMID: 25277643 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05934d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Trigonal molecules compartmentalise the pores of a honeycomb network of 3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) and 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (melamine). Extending the 1,3,5-tri(phenylene-ethynylene)benzene core by a phenyl group allows for a well-defined accommodation of the molecule into two symmetry equivalent positions in the pore. The corresponding styryl or phenylene-ethynylene derivatives exceed the pore size and, thus, impede pore modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baharan Karamzadeh
- EaStCHEM School Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, UK.
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39
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Shen Y, Deng K, Yang S, Qin B, Cheng S, Zhu N, Ding J, Zhao D, Liu J, Zeng Q, Wang C. Triangular-shaped molecular random tiling and molecular rotation in two-dimensional glassy networks. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:7221-7225. [PMID: 24882519 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01595a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrocycle-1 molecules can self-assemble into glassy state networks via van der Waals force and form many triangular nanopores in networks. The nanopores can be expressed by triangular tilings, which lead to a particularly rich range of arrangements. Moreover an interesting molecular rotation phenomenon was observed in the glassy networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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40
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Synthesis and optical properties of multibranched and C3 symmetrical oligomers with benzene or triphenylamine core and diazines as peripheral groups. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Čechal J, Kley CS, Kumagai T, Schramm F, Ruben M, Stepanow S, Kern K. Convergent and divergent two-dimensional coordination networks formed through substrate-activated or quenched alkynyl ligation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9973-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03723e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Ghijsens E, Ivasenko O, Tahara K, Yamaga H, Itano S, Balandina T, Tobe Y, De Feyter S. A tale of tails: alkyl chain directed formation of 2D porous networks reveals odd-even effects and unexpected bicomponent phase behavior. ACS NANO 2013; 7:8031-8042. [PMID: 23964989 DOI: 10.1021/nn4032036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular self-assembly of suitably functionalized building blocks on surfaces can serve as an excellent test-bed to gain understanding and control over multicomponent self-assembly in more complex matter. Here we employ a powerful combination of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and molecular modeling to uncover two-dimensional (2D) crystallization and mixing behavior of a series of alkylated building blocks based on dehydrobenzo[12]annulene, forming arrays of nanowells. Thorough STM investigation employing high-resolution spatial imaging, use of specially designed marker molecules, statistical analysis and thermal stability measurements revealed rich and complex supramolecular chemistry, highlighting the impact of odd-even effects on the phase behavior. The methodology and analysis presented in this work can be easily adapted to the self-assembly of other alkylated building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Ghijsens
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Vijayaraghavan S, Ecija D, Auwärter W, Joshi S, Seufert K, Drach M, Nieckarz D, Szabelski P, Aurisicchio C, Bonifazi D, Barth JV. Supramolecular Assembly of Interfacial Nanoporous Networks with Simultaneous Expression of Metal-Organic and Organic-Bonding Motifs. Chemistry 2013; 19:14143-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ciesielski A, Szabelski PJ, Rżysko W, Cadeddu A, Cook TR, Stang PJ, Samorì P. Concentration-Dependent Supramolecular Engineering of Hydrogen-Bonded Nanostructures at Surfaces: Predicting Self-Assembly in 2D. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:6942-50. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4002025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Ciesielski
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Andrea Cadeddu
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Timothy R. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Bischoff F, Seufert K, Auwärter W, Joshi S, Vijayaraghavan S, Écija D, Diller K, Papageorgiou AC, Fischer S, Allegretti F, Duncan DA, Klappenberger F, Blobner F, Han R, Barth JV. How surface bonding and repulsive interactions cause phase transformations: ordering of a prototype macrocyclic compound on Ag(111). ACS NANO 2013; 7:3139-3149. [PMID: 23521075 DOI: 10.1021/nn305487c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the surface bonding and ordering of free-base porphine (2H-P), the parent compound of all porphyrins, on a smooth noble metal support. Our multitechnique investigation reveals a surprisingly rich and complex behavior, including intramolecular proton switching, repulsive intermolecular interactions, and density-driven phase transformations. For small concentrations, molecular-level observations using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy clearly show the operation of repulsive interactions between 2H-P molecules in direct contact with the employed Ag(111) surface, preventing the formation of islands. An increase of the molecular coverage results in a continuous decrease of the average intermolecular distance, correlated with multiple phase transformations: the system evolves from an isotropic, gas-like configuration via a fluid-like phase to a crystalline structure, which finally gives way to a disordered layer. Herein, considerable site-specific molecule-substrate interactions, favoring an exclusive adsorption on bridge positions of the Ag(111) lattice, play an important role. Accordingly, the 2D assembly of 2H-P/Ag(111) layers is dictated by the balance between adsorption energy maximization while retaining a single adsorption site counteracted by the repulsive molecule-molecule interactions. The long-range repulsion is associated with a charge redistribution at the 2H-P/Ag(111) interface comprising a partial filling of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, resulting in long-range electrostatic interactions between the adsorbates. Indeed, 2H-P molecules in the second layer that are electronically only weakly coupled to the Ag substrate show no repulsive behavior, but form dense-packed islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bischoff
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, James Franck Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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