1
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Johst F, Rebmann J, Werners H, Klemeyer L, Kopula Kesavan J, Koziej D, Strelow C, Bester G, Mews A, Kipp T. Exciton-Phonon Coupling in Single ZnCdSe-Dot/CdS-Rod Nanocrystals with Engineered Band Gaps from Type-II to Type-I. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:3741-3749. [PMID: 39310298 PMCID: PMC11413927 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Exciton-phonon coupling limits the homogeneous emission line width of nanocrystals. Hence, a full understanding of this is crucial. In this work, we statistically investigate exciton-phonon coupling by performing single-particle spectroscopy on colloidal Zn1-x Cd x Se/CdS and CdSe/CdS dot-in-rod nanocrystals at cryogenic temperatures (T ≈ 10 K). In situ cation exchange enables us to analyze different band alignments and, thereby, different charge-carrier distributions. We find that the relative intensities of the longitudinal optical S- and Se-type phonon replicas correlate with the charge-carrier distribution. Our experimental findings are complemented with quantum mechanical calculations within the effective mass approximation that hint at the relevance of surface charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Johst
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, Hamburg D-20416, Germany
| | - Jannik Rebmann
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, Hamburg D-20416, Germany
| | - Hans Werners
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, Hamburg D-20416, Germany
| | - Lars Klemeyer
- Institute
of Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg D-22761, Germany
| | - Jagadesh Kopula Kesavan
- Institute
of Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg D-22761, Germany
| | - Dorota Koziej
- Institute
of Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg D-22761, Germany
| | - Christian Strelow
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, Hamburg D-20416, Germany
| | - Gabriel Bester
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, Hamburg D-20416, Germany
- The
Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Alf Mews
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, Hamburg D-20416, Germany
| | - Tobias Kipp
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, Hamburg D-20416, Germany
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2
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An B, Jeong W, Hwang YJ, Lee H, Lee Y, Jeong H, Kim G, Ha DH. Kinetically controlled morphology and composition of colloidal nanoparticles: cation exchange reactions from copper sulfide to transition metal (Mn, Zn, Fe, and Co) sulfides. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:14786-14794. [PMID: 39162525 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01612b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The cation exchange reaction is a powerful method for generating nanomaterials with unique structures because of the easy control of the size, morphology, composition, and crystal structure of the nanoparticles. This study investigated the kinetically controlled morphology and composition of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) through cation exchange reactions, specifically focusing on variations from copper sulfide to transition metal sulfides, including Co, Fe, Zn, and Mn sulfides. In the cation exchange reaction, Co exhibited the fastest exchange rate, followed by Fe, Mn, and Zn. The difference in kinetics rates affected the change in morphology; Co, with the fastest rate, was immediately and uniformly distributed in the NPs. For Fe, a sandwich structure was initially formed and this gradually transformed into a solid-solution phase. After exchanging Cu with Mn and Zn, a heterostructure was formed, which became increasingly clear as the reaction progressed. The transformation of the morphology and crystal structure were confirmed using XRD, TEM, and SEM analyses. The findings of this study suggest that the morphology and distinct structures of the exchanged particles can be controlled by manipulating the kinetics rates of cations through cation exchange reactions. This process offers a powerful tool for the tailored synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles and provides a design principle for enabling predictable outcomes through cation exchange reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boeun An
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wooseok Jeong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Jae Hwang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeonseok Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeongbin Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heesoo Jeong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyuhyeon Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Don-Hyung Ha
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Han Y, Xie W, Hill GT, Smeets P, Hu X, Yan G, Zou S, Liu J, Wu R, Shi F, Zhou H, Canepa P, Liu C. Uncovering the predictive pathways of lithium and sodium interchange in layered oxides. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:951-959. [PMID: 38627527 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Ion exchange is a powerful method to access metastable materials with advanced functionalities for energy storage applications. However, high concentrations and unfavourably large excesses of lithium are always used for synthesizing lithium cathodes from parent sodium material, and the reaction pathways remain elusive. Here, using layered oxides as model materials, we demonstrate that vacancy level and its corresponding lithium preference are critical in determining the accessible and inaccessible ion exchange pathways. Taking advantage of the strong lithium preference at the right vacancy level, we establish predictive compositional and structural evolution at extremely dilute and low excess lithium based on the phase equilibrium between Li0.94CoO2 and Na0.48CoO2. Such phase separation behaviour is general in both surface reaction-limited and diffusion-limited exchange conditions and is accomplished with the charge redistribution on transition metals. Guided by this understanding, we demonstrate the synthesis of NayCoO2 from the parent LixCoO2 and the synthesis of Li0.94CoO2 from NayCoO2 at 1-1,000 Li/Na (molar ratio) with an electrochemical assisted ion exchange method by mitigating the kinetic barriers. Our study opens new opportunities for ion exchange in predictive synthesis and separation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Weihang Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Grant T Hill
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paul Smeets
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- The NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Xiaobing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- The NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Gangbin Yan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Siqi Zou
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiadong Liu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ronghui Wu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fengyuan Shi
- Electron Microscopy Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Pieremanuele Canepa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chong Liu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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4
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Wang X, Chen A, Wu X, Zhang J, Dong J, Zhang L. Synthesis and Modulation of Low-Dimensional Transition Metal Chalcogenide Materials via Atomic Substitution. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:163. [PMID: 38546814 PMCID: PMC10978568 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, low-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) materials have garnered growing research attention due to their superior electronic, optical, and catalytic properties compared to their bulk counterparts. The controllable synthesis and manipulation of these materials are crucial for tailoring their properties and unlocking their full potential in various applications. In this context, the atomic substitution method has emerged as a favorable approach. It involves the replacement of specific atoms within TMC structures with other elements and possesses the capability to regulate the compositions finely, crystal structures, and inherent properties of the resulting materials. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on various strategies of atomic substitution employed in the synthesis of zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional TMC materials. The effects of substituting elements, substitution ratios, and substitution positions on the structures and morphologies of resulting material are discussed. The enhanced electrocatalytic performance and photovoltaic properties of the obtained materials are also provided, emphasizing the role of atomic substitution in achieving these advancements. Finally, challenges and future prospects in the field of atomic substitution for fabricating low-dimensional TMC materials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Akang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - XinLei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiatao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jichen Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Leining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Zhang Z, Zhang H, Hou L, Jia D, Yao K, Meng Q, Qu J, Yan B, Luan Q, Liu T. Highly sensitive fiber-optic chemical pH sensor based on surface modification of optical fiber with ZnCdSe/ZnS quantum dots. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1294:342281. [PMID: 38336409 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The pH value plays a vital role in many biological and chemical reactions. In this work, the fiber-optic chemical pH sensors were fabricated based on carboxyl ZnCdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) and tapered optical fiber. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of QDs is pH-dependence because protonation and deprotonation can affect the process of electron-hole recombination. The evanescent wave of tapered optical fiber was used as excitation source in the process of PL. To obtain higher sensitivity, the end faces of fiber were optimized for cone region. By lengthening the cone region and shrinking the end diameter of optical fiber, evanescent wave was enhanced and the excitation times of QDs were increased, which improved the PL intensity and the sensitivity of the sensor. The sensitivity of sensor can reach as high as 0.139/pH in the range of pH 6.00-9.01. The surface functional modification was adopted to prepare sensing films. The carboxyl groups on the QDs ligands are chemically bonded to the fiber surface, which is good for response time (40 s) and stability (decreased 0.9 % for 5 min). These results demonstrated that ZnCdSe/ZnS QDs-based fiber-optic chemical pH sensors are promising approach in rapid and precise pH detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Zhang
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Lili Hou
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dagong Jia
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kaixin Yao
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qingyang Meng
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiayi Qu
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qingxin Luan
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tiegen Liu
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Opto-electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300072, China
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6
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Li S, Lin H, Chu C, Martin C, MacSwain W, Meulenberg RW, Franck JM, Chakraborty A, Zheng W. Interfacial B-Site Ion Diffusion in All-Inorganic Core/Shell Perovskite Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22467-22477. [PMID: 37962602 PMCID: PMC10690799 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic metal halide perovskites (ABX3, X = Cl, Br, or I) show great potential for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices, but the toxicity and instability of lead-based perovskites limit their applications. Shell passivation with a more stable lead-free perovskite is a promising strategy to isolate unstable components from the environment as well as a feasible way to tune the optical properties. However, it is challenging to grow core/shell perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) due to the soft ionic nature of the perovskite lattice. In this work, we developed a facile method to grow a lead-free CsMnCl3 shell on the surface of CsPbCl3 NCs to form CsPbCl3/CsMnCl3 core/shell NCs with enhanced environmental stability and improved photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (QYs). More importantly, the resulting core/shell perovskite NCs have color-tunable PL due to B-site ion diffusion at the interface of the core/shell NCs. Specifically, B-site Mn diffusion from the CsMnCl3 shell to the CsPbCl3 core leads to a Mn-doped CsPbCl3 core (i.e., Mn:CsPbCl3), which can turn on the Mn PL at around 600 nm. The ratio of Mn PL and host CsPbCl3 PL is highly tunable as a function of the thermal annealing time of the CsPbCl3/CsMnCl3 core/shell NCs. While the halide anion exchange for all-inorganic metal halide perovskites has been well-developed for band-gap-engineered materials, interfacial B-site diffusion in core/shell perovskite NCs is a promising approach for both tunable optical properties and enhanced environmental stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Hanjie Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Chun Chu
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Chandler Martin
- Department
of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Walker MacSwain
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Robert W. Meulenberg
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Frontier Institute for Research in Sensor
Technologies, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, United States
| | - John M. Franck
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Arindam Chakraborty
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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7
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Rebmann J, Werners H, Johst F, Dohrmann M, Staechelin YU, Strelow C, Mews A, Kipp T. Cation Exchange during the Synthesis of Colloidal Type-II ZnSe-Dot/CdS-Rod Nanocrystals. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:1238-1248. [PMID: 36818587 PMCID: PMC9933437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c03278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cation exchange is known to occur during the synthesis of colloidal semiconductor heteronanoparticles, affecting their band gap and thus altering their optoelectronic properties. It is often neglected, especially when anisotropic heterostructures are discussed. We present a study on the role of cation exchange inevitably occurring during the growth of anisotropic dot-in-rod structures consisting of a spherical ZnSe core enclosed by a rod-shaped CdS shell. The material combination exhibits a type-II band alignment. Two reactions are compared: the shell-growth reaction of CdS on ZnSe and an exchange-only reaction of ZnSe cores to CdSe. Transmission electron microscopy and a comprehensive set of optical spectroscopy data, including linear and time-resolved absorption and fluorescence data, prove that cation exchange from ZnSe to CdSe is the dominant process in the initial stages of the shell-growth reaction. The degree of cation exchange before significant shell growth starts was determined to be about 50%, highlighting the importance of cation exchange during the heteronanostructure growth.
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8
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Zhu W, Lin Z, Zhang X, Wang W, Li Y. Room-temperature formation of alloy Zn xCd 13-xSe 13 magic-size clusters via cation exchange in diamine solution. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11210-11217. [PMID: 35866600 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02399g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magic-size clusters (MSCs) are molecular materials with unique properties at the border between molecules and solids, providing important insights into the nanocrystal formation process. However, the synthesis of multicomponent alloy MSCs in a single-ensemble form remains challenging due to their tiny size and difficult doping control. Herein, for the first time, we successfully synthesized alloy ZnxCd13-xSe13 MSCs (x = 1-12) with a unique sharp absorption peak at 352 nm by cation exchange between Cd2+ ions and pre-synthesized (ZnSe)13 MSCs in a diamine solution at room temperature. The experimental results show that the use of diamines is crucial to the formation of stable ZnxCd13-xSe13 MSCs, which may be attributed to two amine groups that can coordinate to the surface of MSCs simultaneously. Limited by the robust interaction between diamine ligands and MSCs, the partial cation exchange results in the formation of alloy ZnxCd13-xSe13 MSCs. In contrast, complete cation exchange occurs in a monoamine solution, giving (CdSe)34 MSCs. Besides, a lower reaction temperature and a higher concentration of diamine favor the formation of ZnxCd13-xSe13 MSCs. Our study provides an important basis for further understanding of the transformation of MSCs and a new approach to the controllable synthesis of alloyed MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zhuohan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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9
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Yadav P, Khurana S, Sapra S. Doping Mn 2+in hybrid Ruddlesden-Popper phase of layered double perovskite (BA) 4AgBiBr 8. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:415706. [PMID: 35793603 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac7ed0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The layered hybrid double perovskites emerged as excellent semiconductor materials owing to their environment compatibility and stability. However, these materials are weakly luminescent, and their photoluminescence (PL) properties can be modulated via doping. While Mn2+doping in perovskites is well known, but to the best of our knowledge the doping of Mn2+in layered double perovskites (LDPs) is yet to be explored. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate the doping of Mn2+in hybrid inorganic-organic two-dimensional (2D) LDPs, (BA)4AgBiBr8(BA = n-butyl amine) via a simple solid-state mechanochemical route. The powder x-ray diffraction pattern, and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis confirm the successful incorporation of Mn2+ions inside (BA)4AgBiBr8lattice. The Mn2+doped 2D LDP shows energy transfer from host excitons to d-electrons of Mn2+ions, which results in red-shifted broad Mn2+emission band centered at 625 nm, attributed to thespin-forbidden4T1to6A1internal transition. This work opens up new possibilities to dope metal ions in 2D LDPs to tune the optical as well as magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyesh Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Swati Khurana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sameer Sapra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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10
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Liu B, Guo Y, Su Q, Zhan Y, Chen Z, Li Y, You B, Dong X, Chen S, Wong W. Cadmium-Doped Zinc Sulfide Shell as a Hole Injection Springboard for Red, Green, and Blue Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104488. [PMID: 35240001 PMCID: PMC9131609 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy is developed in which cadmium-doped zinc sulfide (CdZnS) is used as the outermost shell to synthesize red, green, and blue (RGB) quantum dots (QDs) with the core/shell structures of CdZnSe/ZnSe/ZnS/CdZnS, CdZnSe/ZnSe/ZnSeS/CdZnS, and CdZnSe/ZnSeS/ZnS/CdZnS, respectively. Firstly, the inner ZnS and ZnSe shells confine the excitons inside the cores of QDs and provide a better lattice matching with respect to the outermost shell, which ensures high photoluminescence quantum yields of QDs. Secondly, the CdZnS shell affords its QDs with shallow valence bands (VBs). Therefore, the CdZnS shell could be used as a springboard, which decreases the energy barrier for hole injection from polymers to QDs to be below 1.0 eV. It makes the holes to be easily injected into the QD EMLs and enables a balanced recombination of charge carriers in quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). Thirdly, the RGB QLEDs made by these new QDs exhibit peak external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 20.2%, 19.2%, and 8.4%, respectively. In addition, the QLEDs exhibit unexpected luminance values at low applied voltages and therefore high power efficiencies. From these results, it is evident that CdZnS could act as an excellent shell and hole injection springboard to afford high performance QLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochen Liu
- School of Applied Physics and MaterialsWuyi UniversityJiangmen529020P. R. China
| | - Yue Guo
- School of Applied Physics and MaterialsWuyi UniversityJiangmen529020P. R. China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Zhan
- School of Applied Physics and MaterialsWuyi UniversityJiangmen529020P. R. China
| | - Zhao Chen
- School of Applied Physics and MaterialsWuyi UniversityJiangmen529020P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Poly Optoelectronics Tech. LtdJiangmen529020P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Baogui You
- Poly Optoelectronics Tech. LtdJiangmen529020P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Dong
- Poly Optoelectronics Tech. LtdJiangmen529020P. R. China
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Wai‐Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Research Institute for Smart Energy and Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic‐Thermal‐Electrical Energy Materials and DevicesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU)Hung HomHong KongP. R. China
- PolyU Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhen518057P. R. China
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11
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Bhar M, Rudra S, Bhunia N, Mukherjee S, Banerjee A, Mukherjee P. Remarkable Difference in Pre-Cation Exchange Reactions of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Cases with Eventual Complete Exchange. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03442e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Postsynthetic modification of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) involving appropriate cation pairs at or near ambient conditions can exchange their spatial positions. The characterization of final products from these reactions although attracted...
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12
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Elastic forces drive nonequilibrium pattern formation in a model of nanocrystal ion exchange. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2114551118. [PMID: 34934003 PMCID: PMC8719903 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114551118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical transformations, such as ion exchange, are commonly employed to modify nanocrystal compositions. Yet the mechanisms of these transformations, which often operate far from equilibrium and entail mixing diverse chemical species, remain poorly understood. Here we explore an idealized model for ion exchange in which a chemical potential drives compositional defects to accumulate at a crystal's surface. These impurities subsequently diffuse inward. We find that the nature of interactions between sites in a compositionally impure crystal strongly impacts exchange trajectories. In particular, elastic deformations which accompany lattice-mismatched species promote spatially modulated patterns in the composition. These same patterns can be produced at equilibrium in core/shell nanocrystals, whose structure mimics transient motifs observed in nonequilibrium trajectories. Moreover, the core of such nanocrystals undergoes a phase transition-from modulated to unstructured-as the thickness or stiffness of the shell is decreased. Our results help explain the varied patterns observed in heterostructured nanocrystals produced by ion exchange and suggest principles for the rational design of compositionally patterned nanomaterials.
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13
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Singh R, Akhil S, Dutt VGV, Mishra N. Shell thickness dependent photostability studies of green-emitting "Giant" quantum dots. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:6984-6991. [PMID: 36132372 PMCID: PMC9417657 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00663k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient green-emitting core/shell giant quantum dots have been synthesized through a facile "one-pot" gradient alloy approach. Furthermore, an additional ZnS shell was grown using the "Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction" (SILAR) method. Due to the faster reactivity of Cd and Se compared to an analogue of Zn and S precursors it is presumed that CdSe nuclei are initially formed as the core and gradient alloy shells simultaneously encapsulate the core in an energy-gradient manner and eventually thick ZnS shells were formed. Using this gradient alloy approach, we have synthesized four different sized green-emitting giant core-shell quantum dots to study their shell thickness-dependent photostability under continuous UV irradiation, and temperature-dependent PL properties of nanocrystals. There was a minimum effect of the UV light exposure on the photostability beyond a certain thickness of the shell. The QDs with a diameter of ≥8.5 nm show substantial improvement in photostability compared to QDs with a diameter ≤ 7.12 nm when continuously irradiated under strong UV light (8 W cm-2, 365 nm) for 48 h. The effect of temperature on the photoluminescence intensities was studied with respect to the shell thickness. There were no apparent changes in PL intensities observed for the QDs ≥ 8.5 nm, on the contrary, for example, QDs with <8.5 nm in diameter (for ∼7.12 nm) show a decrease in PL intensity at higher temperatures ∼ 90 °C. The synthesized green-emitting gradient alloy QDs with superior optical properties can be used for highly efficient green-emitters and are potentially applicable for the fabrication of green LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Singh
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP Amaravati, Neerukonda Guntur(Dt) Andhra Pradesh 522240 India
| | - Syed Akhil
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP Amaravati, Neerukonda Guntur(Dt) Andhra Pradesh 522240 India
| | - V G Vasavi Dutt
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP Amaravati, Neerukonda Guntur(Dt) Andhra Pradesh 522240 India
| | - Nimai Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University-AP Amaravati, Neerukonda Guntur(Dt) Andhra Pradesh 522240 India
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14
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Toufanian R, Zhong X, Kays JC, Saeboe AM, Dennis AM. Correlating ZnSe Quantum Dot Absorption with Particle Size and Concentration. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:7527-7536. [PMID: 35221489 PMCID: PMC8872037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c02501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The focus on heavy metal-free semiconductor nanocrystals has increased interest in ZnSe semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) over the past decade. Reliable and consistent incorporation of ZnSe cores into core/shell heterostructures or devices requires empirical fit equations correlating the lowest-energy electron transition (1S peak) to their size and molar extinction coefficients (ε). While these equations are known and heavily used for CdSe, CdTe, CdS, PbS, etc., they are not well established for ZnSe and are nonexistent for ZnSe QDs with diameters <3.5 nm. In this study, a series of ZnSe QDs with diameters ranging from 2 to 6 nm were characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectroscopy, and microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). SAXS-based size analysis enabled the practical inclusion of small particles in the evaluation, and elemental analysis with MP-AES elucidates a nonstoichiometric Zn:Se ratio consistent with zinc-terminated spherical ZnSe QDs. Using these combined results, empirical fit equations correlating QD size with its lowest-energy electron transition (i.e., 1S peak position), Zn:Se ratio, and molar extinction coefficients for 1S peak, 1S integral, and high-energy wavelengths are reported. Finally, the equations are used to track the evolution of a ZnSe core reaction. These results will enable the consistent and reliable use of ZnSe core particles in complex heterostructures and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Toufanian
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Xingjian Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Joshua C Kays
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Alexander M Saeboe
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Allison M Dennis
- Division of Materials Science and, Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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15
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Ahmed MK, Shalan AE, Afifi M, El-Desoky MM, Lanceros-Méndez S. Silver-Doped Cadmium Selenide/Graphene Oxide-Filled Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green toward Wastewater Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:23129-23138. [PMID: 34549114 PMCID: PMC8444201 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Silver-doped cadmium selenide/graphene oxide (GO) (Ag-CdSe/GO) nanocomposites have been synthesized, loaded in cellulose acetate (CA) to form Ag-CdSe/GO@CA heterostructure nanofibers, and characterized in terms of structural, morphological, photocatalytic properties, among others. The photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) was estimated using cadmium selenide-filled CA (CdSe@CA), silver-doped cadmium selenide-filled CA (Ag-CdSe@CA), cadmium selenide/GO-filled CA (CdSe/GO@CA), and silver-doped cadmium selenide/GO-filled CA (Ag-CdSe/GO@CA) nanocomposite materials. The Ag-CdSe/GO@CA nanocomposites exhibit and retain an enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MG dye. This amended performance is associated with the multifunctional supporting impacts of GO, Ag, and CA on the composite structure and properties. The superior photocatalytic activity is related to the fact that both Ag and GO can act as electron acceptors that boost the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers and the loading of the combined nanocomposite (Ag-CdSe@GO) on CA nanofibers, which can augment the adsorption of electrons and holes and facilitate the movement of carriers. The stability of Ag-CdSe/GO@CA nanocomposite photocatalysts demonstrates suitable results even after five recycles. This study establishes an advanced semiconductor-based hybrid nanocomposite material for efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K. Ahmed
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
- Academy
of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Qasr Al Aini St., Cairo 11516, Egypt
- Faculty
of Nanotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, El-Sheikh Zayed 12588, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmail Shalan
- Central
Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan, Cairo 11421, Egypt
- BCMaterials,
Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Martina
Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Faculty
of Nanotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, El-Sheikh Zayed 12588, Egypt
- Ultrasonic
Laboratory, National Institute of Standards, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. El-Desoky
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
- Academy
of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Qasr Al Aini St., Cairo 11516, Egypt
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials,
Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, Martina
Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa 48940, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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16
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Saeboe AM, Nikiforov AY, Toufanian R, Kays JC, Chern M, Casas JP, Han K, Piryatinski A, Jones D, Dennis AM. Extending the Near-Infrared Emission Range of Indium Phosphide Quantum Dots for Multiplexed In Vivo Imaging. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:3271-3279. [PMID: 33755481 PMCID: PMC8243857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This report of the reddest emitting indium phosphide quantum dots (InP QDs) to date demonstrates tunable, near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (PL) as well as PL multiplexing in the first optical tissue window while avoiding toxic constituents. This synthesis overcomes the InP "growth bottleneck" and extends the emission peak of InP QDs deeper into the first optical tissue window using an inverted QD heterostructure, specifically ZnSe/InP/ZnS core/shell/shell nanoparticles. The QDs exhibit InP shell thickness-dependent tunable emission with peaks ranging from 515-845 nm. The high absorptivity of InP yields effective photoexcitation of the QDs with UV, visible, and NIR wavelengths. These nanoparticles extend the range of tunable direct-bandgap emission from InP-based nanostructures, effectively overcoming a synthetic barrier that has prevented InP-based QDs from reaching their full potential as NIR imaging agents. Multiplexed lymph node imaging in a mouse model demonstrates the potential of the NIR-emitting InP particles for in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Saeboe
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Reyhaneh Toufanian
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joshua C. Kays
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Margaret Chern
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - J. Paolo Casas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Keyi Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrei Piryatinski
- Theoretical Division and Center for Non-linear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA
| | - Dennis Jones
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118
| | - Allison M. Dennis
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- corresponding author: Allison M. Dennis,
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17
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Gao R, Kodaimati MS, Yan D. Recent advances in persistent luminescence based on molecular hybrid materials. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5564-5589. [PMID: 33690765 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01463j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular persistently luminescent materials have received recent attention due to their promising applications in optical displays, biological imaging, chemical sensing, and security systems. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances in establishing persistently luminescent materials-specifically focusing on materials composed of molecular hybrids for the first time. We describe the main strategies for synthesizing these hybrid materials, namely: (i) inorganics/organics, (ii) organics/organics, and (iii) organics/polymer systems and demonstrate how molecular hybrids provide synergistic effects, while improving luminescence lifetimes and efficiencies. These hybrid materials promote new methods for tuning key physical properties such as singlet-triplet excited state energies by controlling the chemical interactions and molecular orientations in the solid state. We review new advances in these materials from the perspective of examining experimental and theoretical approaches to room-temperature phosphorescence and thermally-activated delayed fluorescence. Finally, this review concludes by summarizing the current challenges and future opportunities for these hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang F, Lin Q, Zhao M. To improve the performance of green light-emitting devices by enhancing hole injection efficiency. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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19
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Lei L, Huang D, Chen S, Zhang C, Chen Y, Deng R. Metal chalcogenide/oxide-based quantum dots decorated functional materials for energy-related applications: Synthesis and preservation. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Xia C, Pedrazo-Tardajos A, Wang D, Meeldijk JD, Gerritsen HC, Bals S, de Mello Donega C. Seeded Growth Combined with Cation Exchange for the Synthesis of Anisotropic Cu 2-x S/ZnS, Cu 2-x S, and CuInS 2 Nanorods. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:102-116. [PMID: 33456135 PMCID: PMC7808334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal copper(I) sulfide (Cu2-x S) nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention for a wide range of applications because of their unique optoelectronic properties, driving scientists to explore the potential of using Cu2-x S NCs as seeds in the synthesis of heteronanocrystals to achieve new multifunctional materials. Herein, we developed a multistep synthesis strategy toward Cu2-x S/ZnS heteronanorods. The Janus-type Cu2-x S/ZnS heteronanorods are obtained by the injection of hexagonal high-chalcocite Cu2-x S seed NCs in a hot zinc oleate solution in the presence of suitable surfactants, 20 s after the injection of sulfur precursors. The Cu2-x S seed NCs undergo rapid aggregation and coalescence in the first few seconds after the injection, forming larger NCs that act as the effective seeds for heteronucleation and growth of ZnS. The ZnS heteronucleation occurs on a single (100) facet of the Cu2-x S seed NCs and is followed by fast anisotropic growth along a direction that is perpendicular to the c-axis, thus leading to Cu2-x S/ZnS Janus-type heteronanorods with a sharp heterointerface. Interestingly, the high-chalcocite crystal structure of the injected Cu2-x S seed NCs is preserved in the Cu2-x S segments of the heteronanorods because of the high-thermodynamic stability of this Cu2-x S phase. The Cu2-x S/ZnS heteronanorods are subsequently converted into single-component Cu2-x S and CuInS2 nanorods by postsynthetic topotactic cation exchange. This work expands the possibilities for the rational synthesis of colloidal multicomponent heteronanorods by allowing the design principles of postsynthetic heteroepitaxial seeded growth and nanoscale cation exchange to be combined, yielding access to a plethora of multicomponent heteronanorods with diameters in the quantum confinement regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Xia
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Da Wang
- EMAT-University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johannes D. Meeldijk
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C. Gerritsen
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT-University
of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan
171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Debye
Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht
University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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21
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Rudra S, Bhar M, Mukherjee P. Can surface capping ligands probe cation exchange in inorganic nanoparticles? NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structural reorganization of surface capping ligands can be used to track cation exchange reactions in inorganic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoni Rudra
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Madhumita Bhar
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Prasun Mukherjee
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector-III, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700106, West Bengal, India
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22
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Kagan CR, Bassett LC, Murray CB, Thompson SM. Colloidal Quantum Dots as Platforms for Quantum Information Science. Chem Rev 2020; 121:3186-3233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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23
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Schaak RE, Steimle BC, Fenton JL. Made-to-Order Heterostructured Nanoparticle Libraries. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2558-2568. [PMID: 33026804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles that contain multiple materials connected through interfaces, often called heterostructured nanoparticles, are important constructs for many current and emerging applications. Such particles combine semiconductors, metals, insulators, catalysts, magnets, and other functional components that interact synergistically to enable applications in areas that include energy, nanomedicine, nanophotonics, photocatalysis, and active matter. To synthesize heterostructured nanoparticles, it is important to control all of the property-defining features of individual nanoparticles-size, shape, uniformity, crystal structure, composition, surface chemistry, and dispersibility-in addition to interfaces, asymmetry, and spatial organization, which facilitate communication among the constituent materials and enable their synergistic functions. While it is challenging to control all of these nanoscale features simultaneously, nanoparticle cation exchange reactions offer powerful capabilities that overcome many of the synthetic bottlenecks. In these reactions, which are often carried out on metal chalcogenide materials such as roxbyite copper sulfide (Cu1.8S) that have high cation mobilities and a high density of vacancies, cations from solution replace cations in the nanoparticle. Replacing only a fraction of the cations can produce phase-segregated products having internal interfaces, i.e., heterostructured nanoparticles. By the use of multiple partial cation exchange reactions, multicomponent heterostructured nanoparticles can be synthesized.In this Account, we discuss the use of multiple sequential partial cation exchange reactions to rationally construct complex heterostructured nanoparticles toward the goal of made-to-order synthesis. Sequential partial exchange of the Cu+ cations in roxbyite Cu1.8S spheres, rods, and plates produces a library of 47 derivatives that maintain the size, shape, and uniformity defined by the roxbyite templates while introducing various types of interfaces and different materials into the resulting heterostructured nanoparticles. When an excess of the metal salt reagent is used, the reaction time controls the extent of partial cation exchange. When a substoichiometric amount of metal salt reagent is used instead, the extent of partial cation exchange can be precisely controlled by the cation concentration. This approach allows significant control over the number, order, and location of partial cation exchange reactions. Up to seven sequential partial cation exchange reactions can be applied to roxbyite Cu1.8S nanorods to produce derivative heterostructured nanorods containing as many as six different materials, eight internal interfaces, and 11 segments, i.e. ZnS-CuInS2-CuGaS2-CoS-[CdS-(ZnS-CuInS2)]-Cu1.8S. We considered all possible injection sequences of five cations (Zn2+, Cd2+, Co2+, In3+, Ga3+) applied to all accessible Cu1.8S-derived nanorod precursors along with simple design criteria based on preferred cation exchange locations and crystal structure relationships. Using these guidelines, we mapped out synthetically feasible pathways to 65 520 distinct heterostructured nanorods, experimentally observed 113 members of this heterostructured nanorod megalibrary, and then made three of these in high yield and in isolatable quantities. By expansion of these capabilities into a broader scope of materials and identification of additional design guidelines, it should be possible to move beyond model systems and access functional targets rationally and retrosynthetically. Overall, the ability to access large libraries of complex heterostructured nanoparticles in a made-to-order manner is an important step toward bridging the gap between design and synthesis.
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24
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Zhang Q, Peng W, Li Y, Zhang F, Fan X. Topochemical synthesis of low-dimensional nanomaterials. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:21971-21987. [PMID: 33118593 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04763e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, nanomaterials have been extensively studied owing to having a series of unique physical and chemical properties that exceed those of conventional bulk materials. Researchers have developed a lot of strategies for the synthesis of low-dimensional nanomaterials. Among them, topochemical synthesis has attracted increasing attention because it can provide more new nanomaterials by improving and upgrading inexpensive and accessible nanomaterials. In this review, we summarize and analyze many existing topochemical synthesis methods, including selective etching, liquid phase reactions, high-temperature atmosphere reactions, electrochemically assisted methods, etc. The future direction of topochemical synthesis is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenchao Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fengbao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaobin Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Ning J, Duan Z, Kershaw SV, Rogach AL. Phase-Controlled Growth of CuInS 2 Shells to Realize Colloidal CuInSe 2/CuInS 2 Core/Shell Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11799-11808. [PMID: 32865971 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic routes to deposit CuInS2 (CIS) shells with either a cubic chalcopyrite (CP) or a hexagonal wurtzite (WZ) phase on trigonal pyramidal-shaped CuInSe2 (CISe) core nanocrystals (NCs) with a cubic CP crystal structure have been developed and governed by tuning the amount of the sulfur precursor tert-dodecanethiol. During the synthesis of CP-CIS/CP-CISe core/shell NCs, the CP-CIS shell initially starts to grow epitaxially in a uniform way, while the further addition of the CIS precursor induces islandlike growth, and finally a branched CIS shell is formed. In a stark contrast, when a WZ-CIS shell is deposited, it initially grows on a portion of each of the facets of the trigonal pyramidal-shaped CISe cores to form a monolayer, which then continues to increase in thickness and forms a multilayered WZ-CIS shell. Both CP-CISe/CP-CIS core/shell NCs and CP-CISe/WZ-CISe core/shell NCs exhibit rather low photoluminescence quantum yields (<10%), even with a smaller-sized CISe core, which calls for further refinements of the shell growth methods. Synthetic methods for the growth of CIS shells as described here allow for direct deposition of cadmium-free ternary compounds as shell materials and provide important insights into the different modes of growth of heterostructured NCs, ranging from epitaxial to island- and branched-like, as well to the facet-specific multilayer deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Ning
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Zonghui Duan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Stephen V Kershaw
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
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26
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Chen B, Li D, Wang F. InP Quantum Dots: Synthesis and Lighting Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002454. [PMID: 32613755 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
InP quantum dots (QDs) are typical III-V group semiconductor nanocrystals that feature large excitonic Bohr radius and high carrier mobility. The merits of InP QDs include large absorption coefficient, broad color tunability, and low toxicity, which render them promising alternatives to classic Cd/Pb-based QDs for applications in practical settings. Over the past two decades, the advances in wet-chemistry methods have enabled the synthesis of small-sized colloidal InP QDs with the assistance of organic ligands. By proper selection of synthetic protocols and precursor materials coupled with surface passivation, the QYs of InP QDs are pushed to near unity with modest color purity. The state-of-the-art InP QDs with appealing optical and electronic properties have excelled in many applications with the potential for commercialization. This work focuses on the recent development of wet-chemistry protocols and various precursor materials for the synthesis and surface modification of InP QDs. Current methods for constructing light-emitting diodes using novel InP-based QDs are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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27
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Liu J, Zhang J. Nanointerface Chemistry: Lattice-Mismatch-Directed Synthesis and Application of Hybrid Nanocrystals. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2123-2170. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Jiatao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
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28
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Jin X, Xie K, Zhang T, Lian H, Zhang Z, Xu B, Li D, Li Q. Cation exchange assisted synthesis of ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum dots with narrow emission line widths and near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6130-6133. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum dots reveal a notable FWHM of 17.1 nm with a near-unity PL QY at 631 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
| | - Kanlin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
| | - Huada Lian
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenghe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
| | - Bing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
| | - Qinghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes
- Lingnan Normal University
- Zhanjiang 524048
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Functional Materials and Devices
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29
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Hinterding SOM, Berends AC, Kurttepeli M, Moret ME, Meeldijk JD, Bals S, van der Stam W, de Mello Donega C. Tailoring Cu + for Ga 3+ Cation Exchange in Cu 2-xS and CuInS 2 Nanocrystals by Controlling the Ga Precursor Chemistry. ACS NANO 2019; 13:12880-12893. [PMID: 31617701 PMCID: PMC6890264 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale cation exchange (CE) has resulted in colloidal nanomaterials that are unattainable by direct synthesis methods. Aliovalent CE is complex and synthetically challenging because the exchange of an unequal number of host and guest cations is required to maintain charge balance. An approach to control aliovalent CE reactions is the use of a single reactant to both supply the guest cation and extract the host cation. Here, we study the application of GaCl3-L complexes [L = trioctylphosphine (TOP), triphenylphosphite (TPP), diphenylphosphine (DPP)] as reactants in the exchange of Cu+ for Ga3+ in Cu2-xS nanocrystals. We find that noncomplexed GaCl3 etches the nanocrystals by S2- extraction, whereas GaCl3-TOP is unreactive. Successful exchange of Cu+ for Ga3+ is only possible when GaCl3 is complexed with either TPP or DPP. This is attributed to the pivotal role of the Cu2-xS-GaCl3-L activated complex that forms at the surface of the nanocrystal at the onset of the CE reaction, which must be such that simultaneous Ga3+ insertion and Cu+ extraction can occur. This requisite is only met if GaCl3 is bound to a phosphine ligand, with a moderate bond strength, to allow facile dissociation of the complex at the nanocrystal surface. The general validity of this mechanism is demonstrated by using GaCl3-DPP to convert CuInS2 into (Cu,Ga,In)S2 nanocrystals, which increases the photoluminescence quantum yield 10-fold, while blue-shifting the photoluminescence into the NIR biological window. This highlights the general applicability of the mechanistic insights provided by our work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn O. M. Hinterding
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508
TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne C. Berends
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508
TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mert Kurttepeli
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT),
University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp,
Belgium
| | - Marc-Etienne Moret
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99,
3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes D. Meeldijk
- Electron Microscopy Utrecht, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht,
The Netherlands
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT),
University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp,
Belgium
| | - Ward van der Stam
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508
TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80000, 3508
TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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30
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van der Stam W, Grimaldi G, Geuchies JJ, Gudjonsdottir S, van Uffelen PT, van Overeem M, Brynjarsson B, Kirkwood N, Houtepen AJ. Electrochemical Modulation of the Photophysics of Surface-Localized Trap States in Core/Shell/(Shell) Quantum Dot Films. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019; 31:8484-8493. [PMID: 31666761 PMCID: PMC6814269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b02908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we systematically study the spectroelectrochemical response of CdSe quantum dots (QDs), CdSe/CdS core/shell QDs with varying CdS shell thicknesses, and CdSe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell QDs in order to elucidate the influence of localized surface trap states on the optoelectronic properties. By correlating the differential absorbance and the photoluminescence upon electrochemically raising the Fermi level, we reveal that trap states near the conduction band (CB) edge give rise to nonradiative recombination pathways regardless of the CdS shell thickness, evidenced by quenching of the photoluminescence before the CB edge is populated with electrons. This points in the direction of shallow trap states localized on the CdS shell surface that give rise to nonradiative recombination pathways. We suggest that these shallow trap states reduce the quantum yield because of enhanced hole trapping when the Fermi level is raised electrochemically. We show that these shallow trap states are removed when additional wide band gap ZnS shells are grown around the CdSe/CdS core/shell QDs.
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31
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Maiti S, Anand P, Azlan F, Dana J, Ghosh HN. Improving the Power-Conversion Efficiency through Alloying in Common Anion CdZnX (X=S, Se) Nanocrystal Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2662-2667. [PMID: 31120604 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the possibility of utilizing CdZnS and CdZnSe alloy nanocrystals (NCs) as sensitizers in quantum-dot solar cells (QDSCs). The alloy NCs were synthesized by a high-temperature hot injection method and subsequently characterized through high photoluminescence quantum yield, along with larger size compared to binary NCs. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements revealed long-lived charge carriers in the alloy structure due to more structural rigidity and less defect states. Finally, the solar-cell efficiencies of the CdZnS (CdZnSe) NCs were found to be 3.05 % (3.69 %) as compared to 1.23 % (3.12 %) efficiencies for CdS (CdSe) NCs. Thus, common anion ternary NCs have been successfully utilized for solar-cell assembly and can be helpful for constructing tandem solar cells to harvest the high-energy portion of solar radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Maiti
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Pranav Anand
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Farazuddin Azlan
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Jayanta Dana
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Hirendra N Ghosh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.,Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
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32
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Chen J, Ma Q, Wu XJ, Li L, Liu J, Zhang H. Wet-Chemical Synthesis and Applications of Semiconductor Nanomaterial-Based Epitaxial Heterostructures. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2019; 11:86. [PMID: 34138028 PMCID: PMC7770813 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanomaterial-based epitaxial heterostructures with precisely controlled compositions and morphologies are of great importance for various applications in optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, and catalysis. Until now, various kinds of epitaxial heterostructures have been constructed. In this minireview, we will first introduce the synthesis of semiconductor nanomaterial-based epitaxial heterostructures by wet-chemical methods. Various architectures based on different kinds of seeds or templates are illustrated, and their growth mechanisms are discussed in detail. Then, the applications of epitaxial heterostructures in optoelectronics, catalysis, and thermoelectrics are described. Finally, we provide some challenges and personal perspectives for the future research directions of semiconductor nanomaterial-based epitaxial heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junze Chen
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qinglang Ma
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xue-Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuxiao Li
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hua Zhang
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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33
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Frechette LB, Dellago C, Geissler PL. Consequences of Lattice Mismatch for Phase Equilibrium in Heterostructured Solids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:135701. [PMID: 31697506 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.135701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lattice mismatch can substantially impact the spatial organization of heterogeneous materials. We examine a simple model for lattice-mismatched solids over a broad range of temperature and composition, revealing both uniform and spatially modulated phases. Scenarios for coexistence among them are unconventional due to the extensive mechanical cost of segregation. Together with an adapted Maxwell construction for elastic phase separation, mean field theory predicts a phase diagram that captures key low-temperature features of Monte Carlo simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layne B Frechette
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Erwin Schrödinger Institute for Mathematics and Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 9, Wien 1090, Austria
| | - Christoph Dellago
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Wien 1090, Austria and Erwin Schrödinger Institute for Mathematics and Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 9, Wien 1090, Austria
| | - Phillip L Geissler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Erwin Schrödinger Institute for Mathematics and Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 9, Wien 1090, Austria
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34
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Lee S, Yoon DE, Kim D, Shin DJ, Jeong BG, Lee D, Lim J, Bae WK, Lim HK, Lee DC. Direct cation exchange of CdSe nanocrystals into ZnSe enabled by controlled binding between guest cations and organic ligands. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:15072-15082. [PMID: 31372629 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05195c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zn chalcogenides are suitable candidates for blue-emitting fluorophores in light-emitting devices. In particular, the efforts to grow ZnSe nanocrystals (NCs) with fine control over size and shape via bottom-up approaches have faced challenges because of the slow decomposition of Zn precursors. In this study, we report direct cation exchange from CdSe NCs to ZnSe. Absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) analysis reveal that the reactivity of cation exchange depends on the degree of complexation between organic ligands and Zn halides. We controlled the binding strength of Zn complexes by changing the organic ligands and halogen species that bind with Zn. Appropriate binding strength allows for the release of Zn ions and their facile incorporation into CdSe seed NCs. Under our experimental conditions, trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO)-ZnI2 drives the efficient cation exchange reaction whereas TOPO-ZnCl2 induces no cation exchange of CdSe NCs. In addition, functional groups vary the binding strength between Zn and ligands. Oleylamine (OLAm)-ZnI2, which has a weaker ligand-ZnI2 binding than TOPO-ZnI2, breaks down the original morphologies of host CdSe NCs due to the very fast exchange rate. On the other hand, the TOPO-ZnI2 complex induces a mild exchange rate, leading to transformation into various morphologies such as CdSe nanorods (NRs) and nanoplatelets (NPLs) into CdSe/ZnSe heterostructures inaccessible via other synthesis methods. The incorporation of Zn into various morphologies of CdSe results in tunable optical transitions in blue-UV regions. The synthesis of heterostructured NCs in an elongated morphology is possible, opening opportunities in photocatalysis, light emitting diodes, and luminescent solar concentrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooho Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program), KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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35
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Zhang Y, Lu D, Gao M, Lai M, Lin J, Lei T, Lin Z, Quan LN, Yang P. Quantitative imaging of anion exchange kinetics in halide perovskites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:12648-12653. [PMID: 31189607 PMCID: PMC6601281 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903448116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion exchange, as a postsynthetic transformation strategy, offers more flexibilities in controlling material compositions and structures beyond direct synthetic methodology. Observation of such transformation kinetics on the single-particle level with rich spatial and spectroscopic information has never been achieved. We report the quantitative imaging of anion exchange kinetics in individual single-crystalline halide perovskite nanoplates using confocal photoluminescence microscopy. We have systematically observed a symmetrical anion exchange pathway on the nanoplates with dependence on reaction time and plate thickness, which is governed by the crystal structure and the diffusion-limited transformation mechanism. Based on a reaction-diffusion model, the halide diffusion coefficient was estimated to be on the order of [Formula: see text] This diffusion-controlled mechanism leads to the formation of 2D perovskite heterostructures with spatially resolved coherent interface through the precisely controlled anion exchange reaction, offering a design protocol for tailoring functionalities of semiconductors at the nano-/microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Dylan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Minliang Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Teng Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Zhenni Lin
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Li Na Quan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Kavli Energy Nano Science Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720
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36
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Cho G, Park Y, Hong YK, Ha DH. Ion exchange: an advanced synthetic method for complex nanoparticles. NANO CONVERGENCE 2019; 6:17. [PMID: 31155686 PMCID: PMC6545297 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-019-0187-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
There have been tremendous efforts to develop new synthetic methods for creating novel nanoparticles (NPs) with enhanced and desired properties. Among the many synthetic approaches, NP synthesis through ion exchange is a versatile and powerful technique providing a new pathway to design complex structures as well as metastable NPs, which are not accessible by conventional syntheses. Herein, we introduce kinetic and thermodynamic factors controlling the ion exchange reactions in NPs to fully understand the fundamental mechanisms of the reactions. Additionally, many representative examples are summarized to find related advanced techniques and unique NPs constructed by ion exchange reactions. Cation exchange reactions mainly occur in chalcogenide compounds, while anion exchange reactions are mainly involved in halogen (e.g. perovskite) and metal-chalcogenide compounds. It is expected that NP syntheses through ion exchange reactions can be utilized to create new devices with the required properties by virtue of their versatility and ability to tune fine structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geonhee Cho
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsu Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Kun Hong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Don-Hyung Ha
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
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37
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Berends AC, Mangnus MJJ, Xia C, Rabouw FT, de Mello Donega C. Optoelectronic Properties of Ternary I-III-VI 2 Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Bright Prospects with Elusive Origins. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1600-1616. [PMID: 30883139 PMCID: PMC6452418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal nanocrystals of ternary I-III-VI2 semiconductors are emerging as promising alternatives to Cd- and Pb-chalcogenide nanocrystals because of their inherently lower toxicity, while still offering widely tunable photoluminescence. These properties make them promising materials for a variety of applications. However, the realization of their full potential has been hindered by both their underdeveloped synthesis and the poor understanding of their optoelectronic properties, whose origins are still under intense debate. In this Perspective, we provide novel insights on the latter aspect by critically discussing the accumulated body of knowledge on I-III-VI2 nanocrystals. From our analysis, we conclude that the luminescence in these nanomaterials most likely originates from the radiative recombination of a delocalized conduction band electron with a hole localized at the group-I cation, which results in broad bandwidths, large Stokes shifts, and long exciton lifetimes. Finally, we highlight the remaining open questions and propose experiments to address them.
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38
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Hughes KE, Ostheller SR, Nelson HD, Gamelin DR. Copper's Role in the Photoluminescence of Ag 1- xCu xInS 2 Nanocrystals, from Copper-Doped AgInS 2 ( x ∼ 0) to CuInS 2 ( x = 1). NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:1318-1325. [PMID: 30584807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of Ag1- xCu xInS2 nanocrystals (NCs) spanning from 0 ≤ x ≤ ∼1 was synthesized by partial cation exchange to identify copper's contributions to the electronic structure and spectroscopic properties of these NCs. Discrete midgap states appear above the valence band upon doping AgInS2 NCs with Cu+ (small x). Density functional theory calculations confirm that these midgap states are associated with the 3d valence orbitals of the Cu+ impurities. With increasing x, these impurity d levels gradually evolve to become the valence-band edge of CuInS2 NCs, but the highest-occupied orbital's description does not change significantly across the entire range of x. In contrast with this gradual evolution, Ag1- xCu xInS2 NC photoluminescence shifts rapidly with initial additions of Cu+ (small x) but then becomes independent of x beyond x > ∼0.20, all the way to CuInS2 ( x = 1.00). Data analysis suggests small but detectable hole delocalization in the luminescent excited state of CuInS2 NCs, estimated by Monte Carlo simulations to involve at most about four copper ions. These results provide unique insights into the luminescent excited states of these materials and they reinforce the description of CuInS2 NCs as "heavily copper-doped NCs" in which photogenerated holes are rapidly localized in copper 3d-based orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira E Hughes
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Sarah R Ostheller
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Heidi D Nelson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Daniel R Gamelin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
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39
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Ritchhart A, Cossairt BM. Quantifying Ligand Exchange on InP Using an Atomically Precise Cluster Platform. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2840-2847. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ritchhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Brandi M. Cossairt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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40
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Chen W, Karton A, Hussian T, Javaid S, Wang F, Pang Y, Jia G. Spontaneous shape and phase control of colloidal ZnSe nanocrystals by tailoring Se precursor reactivity. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthetic method of shape and phase control of ZnSe nanocrystals by tailoring Se precursor reactivity is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Bentley
- Australia
| | - Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences
- The University of Western Australia
- 6009 Perth
- Australia
| | - Tanveer Hussian
- School of Molecular Sciences
- The University of Western Australia
- 6009 Perth
- Australia
| | - Shaghraf Javaid
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Bentley
- Australia
| | - Fei Wang
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Bentley
- Australia
| | - Yingping Pang
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Bentley
- Australia
| | - Guohua Jia
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Bentley
- Australia
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41
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Gu Y, Sun C, Zhang C, Luo X, Xue C, Zhao L. Inverted ZnSe/CdSe core–shell nanobelts with type-I behavior: preparation, photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic performances. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00958b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ZnSe nanobelts were prepared by a thermal evaporation method, and inverted ZnSe/CdSe core–shell nanobelts were formed by coating a narrow-gap CdSe shell outside the as-prepared wide-gap ZnSe nanobelt through a cation replacement process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Gu
- Materials Genome Institute
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Sun
- Materials Genome Institute
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ASIC Design
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ASIC Design
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
| | - Chang Xue
- Materials Genome Institute
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Materials Genome Institute
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology
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42
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Jharimune S, Sathe AA, Rioux RM. Thermochemical Measurements of Cation Exchange in CdSe Nanocrystals Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6795-6803. [PMID: 30160126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Among the various reported post synthetic modifications of colloidal nanocrystals, cation exchange (CE) is one of the most promising and versatile approaches for the synthesis of nanostructures that cannot be directly synthesized from their constitutive precursors. Numerous studies have reported on the qualitative analysis of these reactions, but rigorous quantitative study of the thermodynamics of CE in colloidal nanoparticles is still lacking. We demonstrate using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), the thermodynamics of the CE between cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanocrystals and silver in solution can be quantified. We survey the influence of CdSe nanocrystal diameter, capping ligands and temperature on the thermodynamics of the exchange reaction. Results obtained from ITC provide a detailed description of overall thermodynamic parameters-equilibrium constant ( K eq), enthalpy (Δ H), entropy (Δ S) and stoichiometry ( n)-of the exchange reaction. We compared the free energy change of reaction (Δ G) between CdSe and Ag+ obtained directly from ITC for both CdSe bulk and nanoparticles with values calculated from previously reported methods. While the calculated value is closer to the experimentally obtained Δ G rxn for bulk particles, nanocrystals show an additional Gibbs free energy stabilization of ∼-14 kJ/mol Se. We discuss a thermochemical cycle elucidating the steps involved in the overall cation exchange process. This work demonstrates the application of ITC to probe the thermochemistry of nanoscale transformations under relevant solution conditions.
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43
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Oluwafemi OS, Ncapayi V, Parani S, Tsolekile N. Facile Synthesis and Characterization of CdSe/ZnSe Core/Shell and ZnxCd1−xSe Alloy Quantum Dots via Non-organometallic Route. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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44
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Park J, Park J, Lee J, Oh A, Baik H, Lee K. Janus Nanoparticle Structural Motif Control via Asymmetric Cation Exchange in Edge-Protected Cu 1.81S@Ir xS y Hexagonal Nanoplates. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7996-8005. [PMID: 30106561 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Post-synthetic transformation of nanoparticles has received great attention, because this approach can provide an unusual route to elaborately composition-controlled nanostructures while maintaining the overall structure of the template. In principle, anisotropic heteronanoparticles of semiconductor materials can be synthesized via localized, that is, single site, cation exchange in symmetric nanoparticles. However, the differentiation of multiple identical cation exchange sites in symmetric nanoparticles can be difficult to achieve, especially for semiconductor systems with very fast cation exchange kinetics. We posited that single-site cation exchange in semiconductor nanoparticles might be realized by imposing a significant kinetic hurdle to the cation exchange reaction. The different atomic arrangements of the core and crown in core-crown structures might further differentiate the surface energies of originally identical cation exchange sites, leading to different reactivities of these sites. The first cation exchange site would be highly reactive due to the presence of a formed interface, thereby continuing to act as a site for cation exchange propagation. Herein, we present the proof-of-concept synthesis of Janus nanoparticles by using edge-protected Cu1.81S@Ir xS y hexagonal nanoplates. The Janus nanoparticles comprising {Au2S-Cu1.81S}@Ir xS y or {PdS-Cu1.81S}@Ir xS y exhibited dissimilar structural motifs due to the disparate cation exchange directions. This synthetic methodology exploiting cation exchange of surface-passivated semiconductor nanoparticles could fabricate the numerous symmetry-controlled Janus heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongsik Park
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Jisol Park
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Aram Oh
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Hionsuck Baik
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Seoul 02841 , Korea
| | - Kwangyeol Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Korea
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45
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Liu Y, Liu M, Yin D, Qiao L, Fu Z, Swihart MT. Selective Cation Incorporation into Copper Sulfide Based Nanoheterostructures. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7803-7811. [PMID: 29985593 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous copper sulfide based nanostructures have attracted intense attention based on their potential to combine the plasmonic properties of copper-deficient copper sulfides with properties of other semiconductors and metals. In general, copper sulfides are versatile platforms for production of other materials by cation incorporation and exchange processes. However, the outcomes of subsequent cation exchange (CE) or incorporation processes involving nanoheterostructure (NH) templates have not been explored. In this work, we incorporate indium and tin into Cu1.81S-ZnS NHs. We demonstrate that the outcomes of cation incorporation are strongly influenced by heterocation identity and valence and by the presence of a Cu-extracting agent. The selectivity of cation incorporation depends upon both the cation itself and the heterodomains in which CE reactions take place. The final nanocrystals (NCs) emerge in many forms including homogeneous NCs, heterodimers, core@shell NHs and NHs with three different domains. This selective cation incorporation not only facilitates the preparation of previously unavailable metal sulfide NHs but also provides insight into mechanisms of CE reactions.
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46
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Berends AC, van der Stam W, Akkerman QA, Meeldijk JD, van der Lit J, de Mello Donega C. Anisotropic 2D Cu 2-x Se Nanocrystals from Dodecaneselenol and Their Conversion to CdSe and CuInSe 2 Nanoparticles. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018; 30:3836-3846. [PMID: 29910536 PMCID: PMC6002073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present the synthesis of colloidal anisotropic Cu2-x Se nanocrystals (NCs) with excellent size and shape control, using the unexplored phosphine-free selenium precursor 1-dodecaneselenol (DDSe). This precursor forms lamellar complexes with Cu(I) that enable tailoring the NC morphology from 0D polyhedral to highly anisotropic 2D shapes. The Cu2-x Se NCs are subsequently used as templates in postsynthetic cation exchange reactions, through which they are successfully converted to CdSe and CuInSe2 quantum dots, nanoplatelets, and ultrathin nanosheets. The shape of the template hexagonal nanoplatelets is preserved during the cation exchange reaction, despite a substantial reorganization of the anionic sublattice, which leads to conversion of the tetragonal umangite crystal structure of the parent Cu2-x Se NCs into hexagonal wurtzite CdSe and CuInSe2, accompanied by a change of both the thickness and the lateral dimensions of the nanoplatelets. The crystallographic transformation and reconstruction of the product NCs are attributed to a combination of the unit cell dimensionalities of the parent and product crystal phases and an internal ripening process. This work provides novel tools for the rational design of shape-controlled colloidal anisotropic Cu2-x Se NCs, which, besides their promising optoelectronic properties, also constitute a new family of cation exchange templates for the synthesis of shape-controlled NCs of wurtzite CdSe, CuInSe2, and other metal selenides that cannot be attained through direct synthesis approaches. Moreover, the insights provided here are likely applicable also to the direct synthesis of shape-controlled NCs of other metal selenides, since DDSe may be able to form lamellar complexes with several other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C. Berends
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ward van der Stam
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quinten A. Akkerman
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes D. Meeldijk
- Electron
Microscopy Utrecht, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joost van der Lit
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, P.O.
Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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47
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Acebrón M, Galisteo-López JF, López C, Herrera FC, Mizrahi M, Requejo FG, Palomares FJ, Juárez BH. Unexpected Optical Blue Shift in Large Colloidal Quantum Dots by Anionic Migration and Exchange. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:3124-3130. [PMID: 29781617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Compositional changes taking place during the synthesis of alloyed CdSeZnS nanocrystals (NCs) allow shifting of the optical features to higher energy as the NCs grow. Under certain synthetic conditions, the effect of those changes on the surface/interface chemistry competes with and dominates over the conventional quantum confinement effect in growing NCs. These changes, identified by means of complementary advanced spectroscopic techniques such as XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and XAS (X-ray absorption spectroscopy), are understood in the frame of an ion migration and exchange mechanism taking place during the synthesis. Control over the synthetic routes during NC growth represents an alternative tool to tune the optical properties of colloidal quantum dots, broadening the versatility of the wet chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Acebrón
- IMDEA Nanoscience , Faraday 9 , Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Juan F Galisteo-López
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla (ICMS) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , 41092 Sevilla , Spain
| | - Cefe López
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Facundo C Herrera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , CONICET and FCE, UNLP , CC/16, suc 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Martín Mizrahi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , CONICET and FCE, UNLP , CC/16, suc 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Félix G Requejo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , CONICET and FCE, UNLP , CC/16, suc 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - F Javier Palomares
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Beatriz H Juárez
- IMDEA Nanoscience , Faraday 9 , Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Applied Physical Chemistry Department , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid , Spain
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48
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Berends AC, van der Stam W, Hofmann JP, Bladt E, Meeldijk JD, Bals S, de Mello Donega C. Interplay between Surface Chemistry, Precursor Reactivity, and Temperature Determines Outcome of ZnS Shelling Reactions on CuInS 2 Nanocrystals. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018; 30:2400-2413. [PMID: 29657360 PMCID: PMC5895981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
ZnS shelling of I-III-VI2 nanocrystals (NCs) invariably leads to blue-shifts in both the absorption and photoluminescence spectra. These observations imply that the outcome of ZnS shelling reactions on I-III-VI2 colloidal NCs results from a complex interplay between several processes taking place in solution, at the surface of, and within the seed NC. However, a fundamental understanding of the factors determining the balance between these different processes is still lacking. In this work, we address this need by investigating the impact of precursor reactivity, reaction temperature, and surface chemistry (due to the washing procedure) on the outcome of ZnS shelling reactions on CuInS2 NCs using a seeded growth approach. We demonstrate that low reaction temperatures (150 °C) favor etching, cation exchange, and alloying regardless of the precursors used. Heteroepitaxial shell overgrowth becomes the dominant process only if reactive S- and Zn-precursors (S-ODE/OLAM and ZnI2) and high reaction temperatures (210 °C) are used, although a certain degree of heterointerfacial alloying still occurs. Remarkably, the presence of residual acetate at the surface of CIS seed NCs washed with ethanol is shown to facilitate heteroepitaxial shell overgrowth, yielding for the first time CIS/ZnS core/shell NCs displaying red-shifted absorption spectra, in agreement with the spectral shifts expected for a type-I band alignment. The insights provided by this work pave the way toward the design of improved synthesis strategies to CIS/ZnS core/shell and alloy NCs with tailored elemental distribution profiles, allowing precise tuning of the optoelectronic properties of the resulting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C. Berends
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Post Office Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ward van der Stam
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Post Office Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan P. Hofmann
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbox 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Bladt
- EMAT,
Department of Physics, University of Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Johannes D. Meeldijk
- Electron
Microscopy Utrecht, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT,
Department of Physics, University of Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2010 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Celso de Mello Donega
- Condensed
Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Post Office Box 80000, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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49
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Lin J, Hu D, Yang H, Liu Y, Xue C, Wu T. Nonlinear Variation in the Composition and Optical Band Gap of an Alloyed Cluster-Based Open-Framework Metal Chalcogenide. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:4248-4251. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Huajun Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chaozhuang Xue
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Tao Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China
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50
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Kodaimati MS, McClelland KP, He C, Lian S, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Weiss EA. Viewpoint: Challenges in Colloidal Photocatalysis and Some Strategies for Addressing Them. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:3659-3670. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad S. Kodaimati
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Kevin P. McClelland
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Chen He
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Shichen Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Yishu Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Zhengyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Emily A. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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