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das Neves MA, do Nascimento JR, Maciel-Silva VL, Dos Santos AM, Junior JDJGV, Coelho AJS, Lima MIS, Pereira SRF, da Rocha CQ. Anti-Leishmania activity and molecular docking of unusual flavonoids-rich fraction from Arrabidaea brachypoda (Bignoniaceae). Mol Biochem Parasitol 2024; 259:111629. [PMID: 38750697 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2024.111629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Leishmaniases comprise a group of infectious parasitic diseases caused by various species of Leishmania and are considered a significant public health problem worldwide. Only a few medications, including miltefosine, amphotericin B, and meglumine antimonate, are used in current therapy. These medications are associated with severe side effects, low efficacy, high cost, and the need for hospital support. Additionally, there have been occurrences of drug resistance. Additionally, only a limited number of drugs, such as meglumine antimonate, amphotericin B, and miltefosine, are available, all of which are associated with severe side effects. In this context, the need for new effective drugs with fewer adverse effects is evident. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-Leishmania activity of a dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) extracted from Arrabidaea brachypoda roots. This fraction inhibited the viability of L. infantum, L. braziliensis, and L. Mexicana promastigotes, with IC50 values of 10.13, 11.44, and 11.16 µg/mL, respectively, and against L. infantum amastigotes (IC50 = 4.81 µg/mL). Moreover, the DCMF exhibited moderate cytotoxicity (CC50 = 25.15) towards RAW264.7 macrophages, with a selectivity index (SI) of 5.2. Notably, the DCMF caused damage to the macrophage genome only at 40 µg/mL, which is greater than the IC50 found for all Leishmania species. The results suggest that DCMF demonstrates similar antileishmanial effectiveness to isolated brachydin B, without causing genotoxic effects on mammalian cells. This finding is crucial because the isolation of the compounds relies on several steps and is very costly while obtaining the DCMF fraction is a simple and cost-effective process. Furthermore, In addition, the potential mechanisms of action of brachydins were also investigated. The computational analysis indicates that brachydin compounds bind to the Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) enzyme via two main mechanisms: destabilizing the interface between the homodimers and interacting with catalytic residues situated at the site of binding. Based on all the results, DCMF exhibits promise as a therapeutic agent for leishmaniasis due to its significantly reduced toxicity in comparison to the adverse effects associated with current reference treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A das Neves
- UFMA-Federal University of Maranhão, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology (CCET), Post Graduate Program in Chemistry, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Jessyane R do Nascimento
- UNESP, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Institute of Chemistry, Post Graduate Program in Chemistry, Araraquara CEP 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Maciel-Silva
- UEMA, Maranhão State University, Center for Education, Exact and Natural Sciences (CECEN), Department of Biology, CEP: 65055-310, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Alberto M Dos Santos
- UNICAMP - University of Campinas, Institute of Chemistry and Center for Computer in Engineering and Sciences, Campinas CEP 13084-862, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Jessica S Coelho
- UFMA-Federal University of Maranhão, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Mayara Ingrid S Lima
- UFMA-Federal University of Maranhão, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Silma Regina F Pereira
- UFMA-Federal University of Maranhão, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Q da Rocha
- UFMA-Federal University of Maranhão, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology (CCET), Post Graduate Program in Chemistry, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil.
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Torchelsen FKVDS, Mazzeti AL, Mosqueira VCF. Drugs in preclinical and early clinical development for the treatment of Chagas´s disease: the current status. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:575-590. [PMID: 38686546 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2349289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chagas disease is spreading faster than expected in different countries, and little progress has been reported in the discovery of new drugs to combat Trypanosoma cruzi infection in humans. Recent clinical trials have ended with small hope. The pathophysiology of this neglected disease and the genetic diversity of parasites are exceptionally complex. The only two drugs available to treat patients are far from being safe, and their efficacy in the chronic phase is still unsatisfactory. AREAS COVERED This review offers a comprehensive examination and critical review of data reported in the last 10 years, and it is focused on findings of clinical trials and data acquired in vivo in preclinical studies. EXPERT OPINION The in vivo investigations classically in mice and dog models are also challenging and time-consuming to attest cure for infection. Poorly standardized protocols, availability of diagnosis methods and disease progression markers, the use of different T. cruzi strains with variable benznidazole sensitivities, and animals in different acute and chronic phases of infection contribute to it. More synchronized efforts between research groups in this field are required to put in evidence new promising substances, drug combinations, repurposing strategies, and new pharmaceutical formulations to impact the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Karoline Vieira da Silva Torchelsen
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Lia Mazzeti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Health, Academic Unit of Passos, University of Minas Gerais State, Passos, Brazil
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da Costa CS, Marques EM, do Nascimento JR, Lima VAS, Santos-Oliveira R, Figueredo AS, de Jesus CM, de Souza Nunes GC, Brandão CM, de Jesus ET, Sa MC, Tanaka AA, Braga G, Santos ACF, de Lima RB, Silva LA, Alencar LMR, da Rocha CQ, Gonçalves RS. Design of Liquid Formulation Based on F127-Loaded Natural Dimeric Flavonoids as a New Perspective Treatment for Leishmaniasis. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:252. [PMID: 38399306 PMCID: PMC10891960 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (IPD) remain a challenge for medicine due to several interconnected reasons, such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR). American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is an overlooked IPD causing persistent skin ulcers that are challenging to heal, resulting in disfiguring scars. Moreover, it has the potential to extend from the skin to the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat in both humans and various animals. Given the limited effectiveness and AMR of current drugs, the exploration of new substances has emerged as a promising alternative for ATL treatment. Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC). Bureau is a native Brazilian plant rich in dimeric flavonoids, including Brachydin (BRA), which displays antimicrobial activity, but still little has been explored regarding the development of therapeutic formulations. In this work, we present the design of a low-cost liquid formulation based on the use of Pluronic F127 for encapsulation of high BRA concentration (LF-B500). The characterization techniques revealed that BRA-loaded F127 micelles are well-stabilized in an unusual worm-like form. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that LF-B500 was non-toxic to macrophages but efficient in the inactivation of forms of Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes with IC50 of 16.06 µg/mL. The results demonstrated that LF-B500 opened a new perspective on the use of liquid formulation-based natural products for ATL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Silva da Costa
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (C.S.d.C.); (E.M.M.); (J.R.d.N.); (V.A.S.L.); (C.Q.d.R.)
| | - Estela Mesquita Marques
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (C.S.d.C.); (E.M.M.); (J.R.d.N.); (V.A.S.L.); (C.Q.d.R.)
| | - Jessyane Rodrigues do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (C.S.d.C.); (E.M.M.); (J.R.d.N.); (V.A.S.L.); (C.Q.d.R.)
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Estadual University Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Victor Antônio Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (C.S.d.C.); (E.M.M.); (J.R.d.N.); (V.A.S.L.); (C.Q.d.R.)
| | - Ralph Santos-Oliveira
- Nuclear Engineering Institute, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Rio de Janeiro 21941-906, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmacy, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Aline Santana Figueredo
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (A.S.F.); (C.M.d.J.); (L.A.S.)
| | - Caroline Martins de Jesus
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (A.S.F.); (C.M.d.J.); (L.A.S.)
| | | | - Clenilma Marques Brandão
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Maranhão, São Luis 65075-441, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (E.T.d.J.); (M.C.S.)
| | - Edson Tobias de Jesus
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Maranhão, São Luis 65075-441, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (E.T.d.J.); (M.C.S.)
| | - Mayara Coelho Sa
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Maranhão, São Luis 65075-441, Brazil; (C.M.B.); (E.T.d.J.); (M.C.S.)
| | - Auro Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (A.A.T.); (G.B.); (A.C.F.S.); (R.B.d.L.)
| | - Gustavo Braga
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (A.A.T.); (G.B.); (A.C.F.S.); (R.B.d.L.)
| | - Ana Caroline Ferreira Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (A.A.T.); (G.B.); (A.C.F.S.); (R.B.d.L.)
| | - Roberto Batista de Lima
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (A.A.T.); (G.B.); (A.C.F.S.); (R.B.d.L.)
| | - Lucilene Amorim Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (A.S.F.); (C.M.d.J.); (L.A.S.)
| | | | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (C.S.d.C.); (E.M.M.); (J.R.d.N.); (V.A.S.L.); (C.Q.d.R.)
| | - Renato Sonchini Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (C.S.d.C.); (E.M.M.); (J.R.d.N.); (V.A.S.L.); (C.Q.d.R.)
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Sousa LRD, Amparo TR, de Souza GHB, Ferraz AT, Fonseca KDS, de Azevedo AS, do Nascimento AM, Andrade ÂL, Seibert JB, Valverde TM, Braga SFP, Vieira PMDA, dos Santos VMR. Anti- Trypanosoma cruzi Potential of Vestitol Isolated from Lyophilized Red Propolis. Molecules 2023; 28:7812. [PMID: 38067542 PMCID: PMC10708512 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a worldwide public health problem, and the drugs available for its treatment have severe limitations. Red propolis is a natural extract known for its high content of phenolic compounds and for having activity against T. cruzi. The aim of this study was to investigate the trypanocidal potential of red propolis to isolate, identify, and indicate the mode of action of the bioactive compounds. The results revealed that the total phenolic content was 15.4 mg GAE/g, and flavonoids were 7.2 mg QE/g. The extract was fractionated through liquid-liquid partitioning, and the trypanocidal potential of the samples was evaluated using the epimastigote forms of the Y strain of T. cruzi. In this process, one compound was characterized by MS, 1H, and 13C NMR and identified as vestitol. Cytotoxicity was evaluated employing MRC-5 fibroblasts and H9C2 cardiomyocytes, showing cytotoxic concentrations above 15.62 μg/mL and 31.25 μg/mL, respectively. In silico analyses were applied, and the data suggested that the substance had a membrane-permeation-enhancing effect, which was confirmed through an in vitro assay. Finally, a molecular docking analysis revealed a higher affinity of vestitol with farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS). The identified isoflavan appears to be a promising lead compound for further development to treat Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Resende Dutra Sousa
- Phytotechnology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (T.R.A.); (G.H.B.d.S.)
| | - Tatiane Roquete Amparo
- Phytotechnology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (T.R.A.); (G.H.B.d.S.)
| | - Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza
- Phytotechnology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (T.R.A.); (G.H.B.d.S.)
| | - Aline Tonhela Ferraz
- Morphopathology Laboratory, Center for Biological Sciences Research, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (A.T.F.); (K.d.S.F.)
| | - Kátia da Silva Fonseca
- Morphopathology Laboratory, Center for Biological Sciences Research, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (A.T.F.); (K.d.S.F.)
| | - Amanda Scofield de Azevedo
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (A.S.d.A.); (A.M.d.N.); (Â.L.A.)
| | - Andréa Mendes do Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (A.S.d.A.); (A.M.d.N.); (Â.L.A.)
| | - Ângela Leão Andrade
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (A.S.d.A.); (A.M.d.N.); (Â.L.A.)
| | - Janaína Brandão Seibert
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, Sao Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
| | - Thalita Marcolan Valverde
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil;
| | - Saulo Fehelberg Pinto Braga
- Medicinal Chemistry and Bioassays Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Morphopathology Laboratory, Center for Biological Sciences Research, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (A.T.F.); (K.d.S.F.)
| | - Viviane Martins Rebello dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (A.S.d.A.); (A.M.d.N.); (Â.L.A.)
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do Nascimento JR, de Matos Monteiro Lira BS, do Nascimento MO, Lopes GLN, Ferreira GM, de Souza Nunes GC, Gonçalves RS, Carvalho ALM, Vilegas W, da Rocha CQ. Innovative Microemulsion Loaded with Unusual Dimeric Flavonoids from Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann Roots. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:212. [PMID: 37848719 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann is a species native to the Brazilian cerrado, with promising bioactivity. The organic fraction of the roots is rich in unusual dimeric flavonoids, reported as potential candidates for cancer treatment. The exploration of these flavonoids is very important, considering their diverse biological activities and the need for innovative therapeutic options. This work aimed to develop and characterize a microemulsion loaded with a non-polar fraction (DCM). The constituents were chosen, and the pseudo-ternary diagram was constructed to determine the region of microemulsion formation. The microemulsions blank (ME), with 3% (ME3) and 5% (ME5) of fraction DCM, were characterized in terms of droplet size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index. Both MEs showed particle sizes <100 nm; only ME3 exhibited better values for polydispersity index and zeta potential and was therefore selected for further study. The organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics were evaluated, revealing limpidity and transparency typical of these microstructures, physiologically acceptable pH, refractive index of 1.42±0.01, and density of 1.017 g/cm3±0.01. The stability tests showed good stability profiles even after exposure to extreme thermal conditions, with minimal changes in pH and the content of the incorporated fraction. The in vitro release study demonstrated that ME3 enabled the controlled release of the fraction, with a cumulative amount released over 60% within 6 h. Furthermore, fraction DCM and ME3 exhibited no toxicity in Tenebrio molitor larvae. The developed microemulsion exhibited excellent properties, so this study represents the first successful attempt to develop a formulation that incorporates the dimeric flavonoid fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Glaucio Monteiro Ferreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institut of Biosciences, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Paulista State University-UNESP, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
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Turnaturi R, Piana S, Spoto S, Costanzo G, Reina L, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C. From Plant to Chemistry: Sources of Active Opioid Antinociceptive Principles for Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design. Molecules 2023; 28:7089. [PMID: 37894567 PMCID: PMC10609244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain continues to be an enormous global health challenge, with millions of new untreated or inadequately treated patients reported annually. With respect to current clinical applications, opioids remain the mainstay for the treatment of pain, although they are often associated with serious side effects. To optimize their tolerability profiles, medicinal chemistry continues to study novel ligands and innovative approaches. Among them, natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery, and they hold potential for pain management. Traditional medicine has had a long history in clinical practice due to the fact that nature provides a rich source of active principles. For instance, opium had been used for pain management until the 19th century when its individual components, such as morphine, were purified and identified. In this review article, we conducted a literature survey aimed at identifying natural products interacting either directly with opioid receptors or indirectly through other mechanisms controlling opioid receptor signaling, whose structures could be interesting from a drug design perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Silvia Piana
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Spoto
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Giuliana Costanzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorena Reina
- Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia n. 97, 95100 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
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Bozgeyik E, Bozgeyik I. Unveiling the therapeutic potential of natural-based anticancer compounds inducing non-canonical cell death mechanisms. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154693. [PMID: 37516001 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
In the Mid-19th century, Rudolf Virchow considered necrosis to be a prominent form of cell death; since then, pathologists have recognized necrosis as both a cause and a consequence of disease. About a century later, the mechanism of apoptosis, another form of cell death, was discovered, and we now know that this process is regulated by several molecular mechanisms that "programme" the cell to die. However, discoveries on cell death mechanisms are not limited to these, and recent studies have allowed the identification of novel cell death pathways that can be molecularly distinguished from necrotic and apoptotic cell death mechanisms. Moreover, the main goal of current cancer therapy is to discover and develop drugs that target apoptosis. However, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents targeting apoptosis is mainly responsible for the failure of clinical therapy and adverse side effects of the chemotherapeutic agents currently in use pose a major threat to the well-being and lives of patients. Therefore, the development of natural-based anticancer drugs with low cellular and organismal side effects is of great interest. In this comprehensive review, we thoroughly examine and discuss natural anticancer compounds that specifically target non-canonical cell death mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.
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Eltayeb S, Marzabadi CH. Synthesis of pyranobenzopyrans from D-glucal using ionic liquids. Carbohydr Res 2023; 531:108873. [PMID: 37421875 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Imidazolium room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) were used as solvents in the Lewis acid-catalyzed cycloaddition reactions of D-glucal with substituted salicylaldehydes. These reactions selectively led to various, novel, cis-pyrano [4,3-b]benzopyrans in modest yields, different products than those isolated from analogous solution studies. Furan diol was isolated as the major byproduct from all the reactions. The use of RTILs facilitated the use of unprotected sugars in these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumiea Eltayeb
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Ave, South Orange, NJ, 07079, USA
| | - Cecilia H Marzabadi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Ave, South Orange, NJ, 07079, USA.
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Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, Delgado-Hernández S, López-Arencibia A, San Nicolás-Hernández D, Tejedor D, García-Tellado F, Lorenzo-Morales J, Piñero JE. In vitro activity and mechanism of cell death induction of cyanomethyl vinyl ethers derivatives against Trypanosoma cruzi. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2023; 22:72-80. [PMID: 37311268 PMCID: PMC10276036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease causes a problematic pathology that can lead to megacolon and heart disease, and can even cause the death of the patient. Current therapies for this disease are the same as they were 50 years ago, are not fully effective and have strong side effects. The lack of a safe and effective therapy makes it necessary to search for new, less toxic and totally effective compounds against this parasite. In this work, the antichagasic activity of 46 novel cyanomethyl vinyl ether derivatives was studied. In addition, to elucidate the type of cell death that these compounds produce in parasites, several events related to programmed cell death were studied. The results highlight four more selective compounds, E63, E64, E74 and E83, which also appear to trigger programmed cell death, and are therefore postulated as good candidates to use in future therapeutics for Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Bethencourt-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain.
| | - Samuel Delgado-Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain.
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Desirée San Nicolás-Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain.
| | - David Tejedor
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain.
| | - Fernando García-Tellado
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain.
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38203, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Serpeloni JM, Ribeiro DL, Weiss GF, de Oliveira LCB, Fujiike AY, Nunes HL, da Rocha CQ, Guembarovski RL, Cólus IMDS. Flavonoid brachydin B decreases viability, proliferation, and migration in human metastatic prostate (DU145) cells grown in 2D and 3D culture models. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:321-331. [PMID: 37125333 PMCID: PMC10141769 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Brachydin B (BrB) is a unique dimeric flavonoid extracted from Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) LG Lohmann with different biological activities. However, the antitumoral potential of this flavonoid is unclear. In our study, we evaluated the effects of the BrB flavonoid on cell viability (MTT, resazurin, and lactate dehydrogenase assays), proliferation (protein dosage and clonogenic assay), and migration/invasion (3D ECM gel, wound-healing, and transwell assays) of metastatic prostate (DU145) cells cultured both as traditional 2D monolayers and 3D tumor spheroids in vitro. The results showed that the BrB flavonoid promotes cytotoxic effects from ≥1.50 μM after 24 h of treatment in DU145 cells in monolayers. In 3D prostate tumor spheroids, BrB also induced cytotoxic effects at higher concentrations after longer treatment (48, 72, and 168 h). Furthermore, BrB treatment is associated with reduced DU145 clonogenicity in 2D cultures, as well as decreased area/volume of 3D tumor spheroids. Finally, BrB (6 μM) reduced cell migration/invasion in 2D monolayers and promoted antimigratory effects in DU145 tumor spheroids (≥30 μM). In conclusion, the antitumoral and antimigratory effects observed in DU145 cells cultured in 2D and 3D models are promising results for future studies with BrB using in vivo models and confirm this molecule as a candidate for metastatic prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Diego Luis Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Fátima Weiss
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Yuri Fujiike
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Higor Lopes Nunes
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Claudia Quintino da Rocha
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Roberta Losi Guembarovski
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
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11
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Unusual dimeric flavonoids from Fridericia prancei (Bignoniaceae) and their taxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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de Oliveira LCB, Ribeiro DL, do Nascimento JR, da Rocha CQ, de Syllos Cólus IM, Serpeloni JM. Anticancer activities of Brachydin C in human prostate tumor cells (DU145) grown in 2D and 3D models: stimulation of cell death and downregulation of metalloproteinases in spheroids. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:747-762. [PMID: 35775856 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Brachydin C (BrC) has demonstrated in vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects in prostate cancer cells. In the present study, we compare the anticancer effects of BrC in DU145 cells grown in common bidimensional cultures (2D) and multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), often denominated 3D in vitro models, that can better mimic the microenvironment of tissues. BrC IC50 values obtained in the resazurin assay after 24 h of treatment were 47.31 μM (2D) and 229.8 μM (3D) and these cytotoxic effects were time dependent only in 3D. BrC (5 to 60 μM) interfered with the growth of MCTS and reduced cell viability after 11 days of treatment, a result that is not attributable to oxidative stress evaluated using the CM-H2 DCFDA probe. BrC (6.0 μM) impaired horizontal (wound healing) and vertical cell migration and invasion (transwell assay) in 2D and BrC (5.0 to 60 μM) in 3D (ECM Gel®). BrC modulated the expression of genes BIRC5, TNF-α, CASP3, NKX3.1, MMP9, MMP11, CDH1, and ITGAM and downregulated proteins CASP7, BAX, and TNF-α in western blotting analysis. In conclusion, BrC stimulated cell death and decreased epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, DU145 MCTS displayed higher resistance to BrC- induced cell death than 2D cultures, a difference that should be considered in future approaches in prostatic cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Luis Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Quintino da Rocha
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
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13
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Maciel-Silva VL, da Rocha CQ, Alencar LMR, Castelo-Branco PV, Sousa IHD, Azevedo-Santos AP, Vale AAM, Monteiro SG, Soares REP, Guimarães SJA, Nascimento JRD, Pereira SRF. Unusual dimeric flavonoids (brachydins) induce ultrastructural membrane alterations associated with antitumor activity in cancer cell lines. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022:1-12. [PMID: 35635136 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2080217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Notwithstanding the advances in molecular target-based drugs, chemotherapy remains the most common cancer treatment, despite its high toxicity. Consequently, effective anticancer therapies with fewer adverse effects are needed. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of the dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) isolated from Arrabidae brachypoda roots, whose components are three unusual dimeric flavonoids. The toxicity of DCMF was investigated in breast (MCF-7), prostate (DU145), and cervical (HeLa) tumor cells, as well as non-tumor cells (PNT2), using sulforhodamine B (cell viability), Comet (genotoxicity), clonogenicity (reproductive capacity) and wound healing (cell migration) assays, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for ultrastructural cell membrane alterations. Molecular docking revealed affinity between albumin and each rare flavonoid, supporting the impact of fetal bovine serum in DCMF antitumor activity. The IC50 values for MCF7, HeLa, and DU145 were 2.77, 2.46, and 2.51 µg/mL, respectively, and 4.08 µg/mL for PNT2. DCFM was not genotoxic to tumor or normal cells when exposed to twice the IC50 for up to 24 h, but it inhibited tumor cell migration and reproduction compared to normal cells. Additionally, AFM revealed alterations in the ultrastructure of tumor nuclear membrane surfaces, with a positive correlation between DCMF concentration and tumor cell roughness. Finally, we found a negative correlation between roughness and the ability of DCMF-treated tumor cells to migrate and form colonies with more than 50 cells. These findings suggest that DCFM acts by causing ultrastructural changes in tumor cell membranes while having fewer toxicological effects on normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lucia Maciel-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology-Bionorte, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil.,Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil.,Department of Biology, State University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
| | - Claudia Quintino da Rocha
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | | | | | - Israel Higino de Sousa
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Azevedo-Santos
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Cancer, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
| | - André Alvares Marques Vale
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Cancer, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Silvio Gomes Monteiro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
| | - Rossy-Eric Pereira Soares
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
| | - Sulayne Janayna Araujo Guimarães
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Cancer, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Silma Regina Ferreira Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
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14
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The Antitumoral/Antimetastatic Action of the Flavonoid Brachydin A in Metastatic Prostate Tumor Spheroids In Vitro Is Mediated by (Parthanatos) PARP-Related Cell Death. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050963. [PMID: 35631550 PMCID: PMC9147598 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) is resistant to several chemotherapeutic agents. Brachydin A (BrA), a glycosylated flavonoid extracted from Fridericia platyphylla, displays a remarkable antitumoral effect against in vitro mPCa cells cultured as bidimensional (2D) monolayers. Considering that three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures provide a more accurate response to chemotherapeutic agents, this study investigated the antiproliferative/antimetastatic effects of BrA and the molecular mechanisms underlying its action in mPCa spheroids (DU145) in vitro. BrA at 60–100 μM was cytotoxic, altered spheroid morphology/volume, and suppressed cell migration and tumor invasiveness. High-content analysis revealed that BrA (60–100 µM) reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased apoptosis and necrosis markers, indicating that it triggered cell death mechanisms. Molecular analysis showed that (i) 24-h treatment with BrA (80–100 µM) increased the protein levels of DNA disruption markers (cleaved-PARP and p-γ-H2AX) as well as decreased the protein levels of anti/pro-apoptotic (BCL-2, BAD, and RIP3K) and cell survival markers (p-AKT1 and p-44/42 MAPK); (ii) 72-h treatment with BrA increased the protein levels of effector caspases (CASP3, CASP7, and CASP8) and inflammation markers (NF-kB and TNF-α). Altogether, our results suggest that PARP-mediated cell death (parthanatos) is a potential mechanism of action. In conclusion, BrA confirms its potential as a candidate drug for preclinical studies against mPCa.
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15
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Soto-Sánchez J. Bioactivity of Natural Polyphenols as Antiparasitic Agents and their Biochemical Targets. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2661-2677. [PMID: 35379147 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220404090429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis are diseases that affect public health worldwide due to their high incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Available treatments are costly, prolonged, and toxic, not to mention the problem of parasite resistance. The development of alternative treatments is justified and polyphenols show promising activity. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this mini-review was to analyze the most promising phenolic compounds with reported antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activity as well as their mechanisms of action. RESULTS We found that the mode of action of these natural compounds mainly lignans, neolignans, and flavonoids depends on the organism they act on and includes, macrophage activation, induction of morphological changes such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, accumulation of acidocalcisomes, and glycosomes, Golgi damage and mitochondrial dysfunction as well as negative regulation of mitochondrial enzymes and other essential enzymes for parasite survival such as arginase. This gives a wide scope for future research towards the rational development of anti-kinetoplastid drugs. CONCLUSION Although the specific molecular targets, bioavailability, route of administration, and dosages of some of these natural compounds need to be determined, polyphenols and their combinations represent a very promising and safe strategy to be considered for use against Leishmania spp and Trypanosoma spp. In addition, these compounds may provide a scaffold for developing new, more potent, and more selective antiprotozoal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Soto-Sánchez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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16
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Antiproliferative Activity of Two Unusual Dimeric Flavonoids, Brachydin E and Brachydin F, Isolated from Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G.Lohmann: In Vitro and Molecular Docking Evaluation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3319203. [PMID: 35187163 PMCID: PMC8856817 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3319203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the breakthrough in the development of anticancer therapies, plant-derived chemotherapeutics continue to be the basis of treatment for most types of cancers. Fridericia platyphylla is a shrub found in Brazilian cerrado biome which has cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative potential of the crude hydroethanolic extract, subfraction (containing 59.3% of unusual dimeric flavonoids Brachydin E and 40.7% Brachydin F), as well as Brachydin E and Brachydin F isolated from F. platyphylla roots. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in glioblastoma, lung, prostate, and colorectal human tumor cell lines. The crude hydroethanolic extract did not present cytotoxic activity, but its subfraction presented lower IC50 values for glioblastoma (U-251) and prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cell lines. Brachydins E and F significantly reduced cell viability, proliferation, and clonogenic potential of PC-3, inducing them to the process of regulated cell death. In silico studies have indicated nuclear receptors as targets for Brachydins E and F, and molecular docking has pointed out their binding into glucocorticoid receptor (GR) ligand pocket. Targeting GR pathway has been described as a therapeutic strategy, especially for prostate cancer. These results suggest that Brachydin E and Brachydin F are promising compounds to be further explored for their antitumor effects.
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17
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de Oliveira LCB, Nunes HL, Ribeiro DL, do Nascimento JR, da Rocha CQ, de Syllos Cólus IM, Serpeloni JM. Aglycone flavonoid brachydin A shows selective cytotoxicity and antitumoral activity in human metastatic prostate (DU145) cancer cells. Cytotechnology 2021; 73:761-774. [PMID: 34776627 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer, flavonoids possess a wide variety of anticancer effects, focused on the antioxidant/pro-oxidant activity, inactivation of the androgen receptor, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, metastasis inhibition, among others. This current research investigated the antitumoral in vitro activity of Brachydin A (BrA), a dimeric flavonoid isolated from Fridericia platyphylla, in human castration-resistant prostate cancer DU145. It was compared BrA selective effects in tumor prostate DU145 cells with non-tumor prostate epithelial PNT2 cells. Cell viability experiments (resazurin, neutral red, MTT, and LDH release assays) showed that BrA was sevenfold more cytotoxic to tumor cells than non-tumor prostate cells, with IC50 values of 77.7 µM and 10.7 µM for PNT2 and DU145 cells, respectively. Furthermore, BrA induced necrosis and apoptosis (triple fluorescence staining assay) without interfering with oxidative stress (CM-H2DCFDA) in DU145 cells. Also, BrA (15.36 µM) reduced cell proliferation on clonogenic assay (DU145 cells) but no change in cell number and protein content was observed when cell growth curve assay was used. Wound healing and transwell assays were used for checking the effects of BrA on cell migration and invasion, and BrA impaired these processes in PNT2 (wound healing) and DU145 cells (transwell). Our results inspire further studies to test BrA as a novel chemotherapeutic drug and to evaluate its effects on drug-resistant metastatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Higor Lopes Nunes
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Diego Luis Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903 Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-805 Brazil
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, 86057-970 Brazil.,Laboratório de Mutagênese e Oncogenética, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - PR 445 Km 380 Cx. Postal 10.011 - Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR CEP: 86057-970 Brazil
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18
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Mazzeti AL, Capelari-Oliveira P, Bahia MT, Mosqueira VCF. Review on Experimental Treatment Strategies Against Trypanosoma cruzi. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:409-432. [PMID: 33833592 PMCID: PMC8020333 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s267378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Currently, only nitroheterocyclic nifurtimox (NFX) and benznidazole (BNZ) are available for the treatment of Chagas disease, with limitations such as variable efficacy, long treatment regimens and toxicity. Different strategies have been used to discover new active molecules for the treatment of Chagas disease. Target-based and phenotypic screening led to thousands of compounds with anti-T. cruzi activity, notably the nitroheterocyclic compounds, fexinidazole and its metabolites. In addition, drug repurposing, drug combinations, re-dosing regimens and the development of new formulations have been evaluated. The CYP51 antifungal azoles, as posaconazole, ravuconazole and its prodrug fosravuconazole presented promising results in experimental Chagas disease. Drug combinations of nitroheterocyclic and azoles were able to induce cure in murine infection. New treatment schemes using BNZ showed efficacy in the experimental chronic stage, including against dormant forms of T. cruzi. And finally, sesquiterpene lactone formulated in nanocarriers displayed outstanding efficacy against different strains of T. cruzi, susceptible or resistant to BNZ, the reference drug. These pre-clinical results are encouraging and provide interesting evidence to improve the treatment of patients with Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lia Mazzeti
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico e Nanotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360, Brazil.,Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Escola de Medicina & Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Patricia Capelari-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico e Nanotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Terezinha Bahia
- Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Escola de Medicina & Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Carla Furtado Mosqueira
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico e Nanotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil
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19
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Castañeda JS, Suta-Velásquez M, Mateus J, Pardo-Rodriguez D, Puerta CJ, Cuéllar A, Robles J, Cuervo C. Preliminary chemical characterization of ethanolic extracts from Colombian plants with promising anti - Trypanosoma cruzi activity. Exp Parasitol 2021; 223:108079. [PMID: 33524381 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Latin America. There are no vaccines, and the chemotherapy available to treat this infection has serious side effects. In a search for alternative treatments, we determined the in vitro susceptibility of epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi and the cytotoxic effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ethanolic extracts obtained from six different plant species. The ethanolic extracts of Ageratina vacciniaefolia, Clethra fimbriata and Siparuna sessiliflora showed antiprotozoal activity against epimastigotes and low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. However, only the ethanolic extract of C. fimbriata showed activity against T. cruzi trypomastigotes, and it had low cytotoxicity in PBMCs. An analysis on the phytochemical composition of C. fimbriata extract showed that its metabolites were primarily represented by two families of compounds: flavonoids and terpenoids. Lastly, we analyzed whether the A. vacciniaefolia, C. fimbriata, or S. sessiliflora ethanolic extracts induced IFN-γ or TNF-α production. Significantly, ethanolic extracts of C. fimbriata induced TNF-α production and S. sessiliflora induced both cytokines. In addition, C. fimbriata and S. sessiliflora induced the simultaneous secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α in CD8+ T cells. The antiprotozoal and immunomodulatory activity of C. fimbriata may be related to the presence of flavonoid and triterpene compounds in the extract. Thus, these findings suggest that C. fimbriata may represent a valuable source of new bioactive compounds for the therapeutic treatment of Chagas disease that combines trypanocidal activity with the capacity to boost the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sebastián Castañeda
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Suta-Velásquez
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jose Mateus
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Pardo-Rodriguez
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (GIFUJ), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Concepción J Puerta
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Cuéllar
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jorge Robles
- Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (GIFUJ), Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Claudia Cuervo
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
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20
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Joshi N, Hada R, Gupta S, Khan J, Dobrowolski J, Dhar PK, Kumar N, Singh S. Highly potent anti-malarial activity of benzopyrano(4,3-b)benzopyran derivatives and in silico interaction analysis with putative target Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:5159-5174. [PMID: 33416018 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1868336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Malaria infection caused by Plasmodium falciparum is majorly responsible for millions of deaths in humans every year. Moreover, a rapid increase in resistance to existing drugs has posed an urgent need for new anti-malarials. Herein, we report the highly potent anti-malarial activity of benzopyrano(4,3-b)benzopyran derivatives, inspired from naturally occurring dependensin against chloroquine (CQ) sensitive and resistant P. falciparum strains. Chemically synthesized, four dependensin analogs 85(A-D) exhibited growth inhibition at nanomolar concentrations ranging from 63.96 to 725.8 nM by blocking the parasite development at the ring and early trophozoite stages. The growth inhibitory activity of dependensin analogs was correlated with their anti-plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase activity by computational analysis. Molecular docking, 50 ns simulation and a 2D-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (2D-QSAR) modelling revealed the interaction with their putative target P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH). Here, developing the predictive 2D descriptors such as thermodynamic, spatial, electronic, and topological with multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA), the structural requirements for potent and selective PfLDH inhibitory activity has been identified. The strong binding of compound 85D to the catalytic Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) binding pocket of the PfLDH further supported the PfLDH targeting potential of dependensin analogs. Overall, this study revealed a highly potent anti-malarial activity of benzopyrano(4,3-b)benzopyran derivatives with their putative anti-PfLDH activity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Joshi
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Hada
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Juveria Khan
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Pawan K Dhar
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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21
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In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Arthritic Synoviocytes of A. brachypoda Root Extracts and Its Unusual Dimeric Flavonoids. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215219. [PMID: 33182470 PMCID: PMC7665123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrabidaea brachypoda is a plant commonly used for the treatment of kidney stones, arthritis and pain in traditional Brazilian medicine. Different in vitro and in vivo activities, ranging from antinociceptive to anti-Trypanosoma cruzi, have been reported for the dichloromethane root extract of Arrabidaea brachypoda (DCMAB) and isolated compounds. This work aimed to assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in arthritic synoviocytes of the DCMAB, the hydroethanolic extract (HEAB) and three dimeric flavonoids isolated from the DCMAB. These compounds, brachydin A (1), B (2) and C (3), were isolated both by medium pressure liquid and high-speed counter current chromatography. Their quantification was performed by mass spectrometry on both DCMAB and HEAB. IL-1β activated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes were incubated with both extracts and isolated compounds to determine the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DCMAB inhibited 30% of IL-6 release at 25 µg/mL, when compared with controls while HEAB was inactive. IC50 values determined for 2 and 3 were 3-fold higher than 1. The DCMAB activity seems to be linked to higher proportions of compounds 2 and 3 in this extract. These observations could thus explain the traditional use of A. brachypoda roots in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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22
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Neuenschwander A, Rocha VPC, Bastos TM, Marcourt L, Morin H, da Rocha CQ, Grimaldi GB, de Sousa KAF, Borges JN, Rivara-Minten E, Wolfender JL, Soares MBP, Queiroz EF. Production of Highly Active Antiparasitic Compounds from the Controlled Halogenation of the Arrabidaea brachypoda Crude Plant Extract. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2631-2640. [PMID: 32902988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Direct halogenation of phenolic compounds present in the CH2Cl2 extract of the roots of Arrabidaea brachypoda was investigated to enhance chemodiversity. The approach is based on eco-friendly reactions using NaBr, NaI, and NaCl in aqueous media to generate multiple "unnatural" halogenated natural products from crude extracts. The halogenation reactions, monitored by UHPLC-PDA-ELSD-MS, were optimized to generate mono-, di-, or trihalogenated derivatives. To isolate these compounds, the reactions were scaled up and the halogenated analogues were isolated by semipreparative HPLC-UV and fully characterized by NMR and HR-MS data. All of the original 16 halogenated derivatives were evaluated for their antiparasitic activities against the parasites Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi. Compounds presenting selective antiparasitic activities against one or both parasites with IC50 values comparable to the reference were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Neuenschwander
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSW), University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Vinicius P C Rocha
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, BA 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Tanira M Bastos
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, BA 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSW), University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Hugo Morin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSW), University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Cláudia Q da Rocha
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciência Exatas e Tecnologia, Departamento de Química, Avenida dos Portugueses 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, MA 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Gabriela B Grimaldi
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, BA 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Karoline A F de Sousa
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, BA 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Jadson N Borges
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, BA 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Rivara-Minten
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSW), University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSW), University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, BA 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Emerson F Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSW), University of Geneva, CMU, Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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23
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Florencio M, Tomás Nery E, Rosa D, Auxiliadora Nascimento Ribeiro T, de Brito Braz Moraes J, Araujo Zuma A, da Silva Trindade JD, Dutra Barbosa da Rocha RF, Decote-Ricardo D, Pinto-da-Silva LH, M Motta MC, de Carvalho MG, Fampa P. The effect of the biflavonoid 2″,3″-dihydroochnaflavone on Trypanosoma cruzi Y strain. Parasitol Int 2020; 79:102180. [PMID: 32860937 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease which affects 8 million people in Latin America. The parasite possesses high capacity to evade host immune system and the available drugs to treat Chagas disease present low efficacy combined to serious side effects to patients. Therefore, the identification of alternative therapeutics is essential. Brazilian flora exhibits an immense diversity of metabolites with great potential to be developed into new drugs. We investigated the action of 2″,3″-dihydroochnaflavone a biflavonoid extracted from Luxemburgia nobilis Eichler ex Engl. (Ochnaceae) against T. cruzi (Y strain). Our experiments showed that this compound is effective against parasite epimastigote forms, presenting IC50 value of (2.5 ± 0.1) μM after 96 h of treatment. Ultrastructure alterations were also detected in treated epimastigotes especially mitochondrial enlargement at the kinetoplast region. At the concentration of 30 μM, the compound killed (61.6 ± 3.37)% of the parasite in its amastigote form. In addition, at the same concentration, the compound killed all trypamastigotes growing within murine macrophages after 7-9 days of infection. Nonetheless, the biflavonoid concentrations were harmless to murine enriched population of lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages. These results indicate that 2″,3″- dihydroochnaflavone presents activity against T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Florencio
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Eveliny Tomás Nery
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey - Stag Hill Campus, GU2 7TE Guildford, UK
| | - Dayana Rosa
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Tereza Auxiliadora Nascimento Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil; Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Julliane de Brito Braz Moraes
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Araujo Zuma
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-540 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Joana D'Arc da Silva Trindade
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Raphael Francisco Dutra Barbosa da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Debora Decote-Ricardo
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Lucia Helena Pinto-da-Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina M Motta
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-540 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mario Geraldo de Carvalho
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Fampa
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23.890-000, Brazil.
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24
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Nunes HL, Tuttis K, Serpeloni JM, Nascimento JRD, da Rocha CQ, Silva VAO, Lengert AVH, Reis RM, de Syllos Cólus IM. Characterization of the invitro cytotoxic effects of brachydins isolated from Fridericia platyphylla in a prostate cancer cell line. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:547-558. [PMID: 32590922 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1784339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Brachydins (Br) A, B, and C are flavonoids extracted from Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann roots (synonym Arrabidaea brachypoda), whose extract previously exhibited cytotoxic and antitumor activity. In vitro cell culture of human prostate tumor cell line (PC-3) was used to determine cell viability as evidenced by MTT, neutral red, and LDH release using nine concentrations (0.24 to 30.72 µM) of each brachydin. A triple-fluorescent staining assay assessed the mechanism resulting in cell death. Genomic instability and protein expression were evaluated using comet assay and western blot analysis, respectively. The pro-oxidant status was analyzed using the5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2DCFDA) probe. The IC50 values for brachydins BrA, BrB, and BrC were 23.41, 4.28, and 4.44 µM, respectively, and all compounds induced apoptosis and necrosis. BrB and BrC increased p21 levels indicating a possible G1 cell cycle arrest. BrA (6 µM) and BrB (3.84 µM) decreased phospho-AKT (AKT serine/threonine kinase) expression, which also influenced cell cycle and proliferation. BrA, BrB, and BrC elevated cleaved PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase), a protein related to DNA repair and induction of apoptotic processes. Therefore, this study determined the IC50 values of brachydins in the PC-3 cell line as well as the influence on cell proliferation and cell death processes, such as apoptosis and necrosis, indicating the proteins involved in these processes. ABBREVIATIONS ANOVA: Analysis of Variance; BrA: Brachydin A; BrB: Brachydin B; BrC: Brachydin C; CGEN: Genetic Heritage Management Council; CID: Compound identification number; CM-H2DCFDA, 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, acetyl ester; CO2: Carbon dioxide; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; DTT: Dithiothreitol; DXR: Doxorubicin; ECL: Chemiluminescence; EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; H2O2: Hydrogen peroxide; HRMS: High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry; IC50: Half maximal inhibitory concentration; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; MTT, 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; Na3VO4: Sodium Orthovanadate; NaOH: Sodium hydroxide; NCBI: National Center for Biotechnology Information; NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; PBS: Phosphate buffer saline; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; PSMF: Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; RPMI: Roswell Park Memorial Institute Medium; SDS-PAGE: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; STR: Short tandem repeat; TBS-T: Tris-buffered saline and Polysorbate 20; UPHLC: Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Higor Lopes Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Katiuska Tuttis
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | | | - Claudia Quintino da Rocha
- Departamento De Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil
| | | | | | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Centro de Pesquisa em Oncologia Molecular, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos , Barretos, São Paulo, Brasil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho , Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
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25
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do Prado AF, Bannwart CM, Shinkai VMT, de Souza Lima IM, Meschiari CA. Phyto-derived Products as Matrix Metalloproteinases Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Hypertens Rev 2020; 17:47-58. [PMID: 32386496 DOI: 10.2174/1573402116666200510011356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that present a metallic element in their structure. These enzymes are ubiquitously distributed and function as extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelers. MMPs play a broad role in cardiovascular biology regulating processes such as cell adhesion and function, cellular communication and differentiation, integration of mechanical force and force transmission, tissue remodeling, modulation of damaged-tissue structural integrity, cellular survival or apoptosis and regulation of inflammation-related cytokines and growth factors. MMPs inhibition and downregulation are correlated with minimization of cardiac damage, i.e., Chinese herbal medicine has shown to stabilize abdominal aorta aneurysm due to its antiinflammatory, antioxidant and MMP-2 and 9 inhibitory properties. Thus phyto-derived products rise as promising sources for novel therapies focusing on MMPs inhibition and downregulation to treat or prevent cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro F do Prado
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Cahy M Bannwart
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Victoria M T Shinkai
- Molecular and Cellular Neurochemistry Laboratory, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | | | - César A Meschiari
- Health and Sports Science Center, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
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26
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de Sousa Andrade LM, de Oliveira ABM, Leal ALAB, de Alcântara Oliveira FA, Portela AL, de Sousa Lima Neto J, de Siqueira-Júnior JP, Kaatz GW, da Rocha CQ, Barreto HM. Antimicrobial activity and inhibition of the NorA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus by extract and isolated compounds from Arrabidaea brachypoda. Microb Pathog 2019; 140:103935. [PMID: 31857236 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arrabidaea brachypoda is a native shrub of the Brazilian Cerrado widely used in the folk medicine for treatment of renal diseases and articular pains. This study aimed to, first, evaluate the antimicrobial activity of both extracts and isolated molecules Brachydins BR-A and BR-B obtained from the flowers of A. brachypoda against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherchia coli and Candida albicans species. A second objective was to investigate if these natural products were able to potentiate the Norfloxacin activity against the strain Staphylococcus aureus SA1199-B that overexpress the norA gene encoding the NorA efflux pump. Extracts and isolated compounds were analyzed by HPLC-PDA and LC-ESI-MS respectively. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of Norfloxacin or Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) were determined in the presence or absence of ethanolic extract, dichloromethane fraction, as well as BR-A or BR-B by microdilution method. Only BR-B showed activity against Candida albicans. Addition of ethanolic extract, dichloromethane fraction or BR-B to the growth media at sub-inhibitory concentrations enhanced the activity of both Norfloxacin and EtBr against S. aureus SA1199-B, indicating that these natural products and its isolated compound BR-B were able to modulate the fluoroquinolone-resistance possibly by inhibition of NorA. Moreover, BR-B inhibited the EtBr efflux in the SA1199-B strain confirming that it is a NorA inhibitor. Isolated BR-B was able to inhibit an important mechanism of multidrug-resistance very prevalent in S. aureus strains, thus its use in combination with Norfloxacin could be considered as an alternative for the treatment of infections caused by S. aureus strains overexpressing norA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Lurdes Portela
- Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Phytomedicines, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | | | - Glenn William Kaatz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Cláudia Quintino da Rocha
- Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Phytomedicines, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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27
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Serpeloni JM, Specian AFL, Ribeiro DL, Benício LM, Nunes HL, Franchi LP, Rocha CQ, Vilegas W, Varanda EA, Cólus IMS. Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann root extract exerts cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on gastric tumor cells and downregulates BCL-XL, BIRC5, and MET genes. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:338-354. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119888261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann (FP) has cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. We aimed to characterize the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of FP extract on normal (GAS) and tumor-derived (ACP02 and HepG2) cell lines. The effective concentrations (EC50s) by tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) were 56.16, 43.68, and 42.57 µg mL−1 and 69.38, 41.73, and 52.39 µg mL−1 by neutral red assay for GAS, ACP02, and HepG2 cells, respectively. The extract decreased nuclear division indices, which was not reflected in cell proliferation curves. Flow cytometric analyses showed that even 30 µg mL−1 extract (shown to be noncytotoxic by MTT assay) increased the sub-G1 population, indicating cell death due to apoptosis and necrosis. A cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay showed that 30 µg mL−1 of the extract increased the frequency of nuclear buds in tumor cells. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed CCND1 upregulation in doxorubicin-treated GAS cells and BCL-XL, BIRC5, and MET downregulation in 5 or 30 µg mL−1 in FP extract-treated ACP02 cells. In conclusion, FP extract modulated apoptosis- and cell cycle-related genes and presented selective cytotoxicity toward tumor cells that deserves further investigation by testing other cell types. Our results demonstrated that even medicinal plants exert adverse effects depending on the extract concentrations used and tissues investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Serpeloni
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - AFL Specian
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - DL Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - LM Benício
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - HL Nunes
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - LP Franchi
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - CQ Rocha
- Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Phytomedicines, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Brazil
| | - W Vilegas
- Campus Litoral Paulista, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente, Brazil
| | - EA Varanda
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - IMS Cólus
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Boniface PK, Ferreira EI. Flavonoids as efficient scaffolds: Recent trends for malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2473-2517. [PMID: 31441148 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endemic in 149 tropical and subtropical countries, neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect more than 1 billion people annually with over 500,000 deaths. Among the NTDs, some of the most severe consist of leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. The impact of the combined NTDs closely rivals that of malaria. According to the World Health Organization, 216 million cases of malaria were reported in 2016 with 445,000 deaths. Current treatment options are associated with various limitations including widespread drug resistance, severe adverse effects, lengthy treatment duration, unfavorable toxicity profiles, and complicated drug administration procedures. Flavonoids are a class of compounds that has been the subject of considerable scientific interest. New developments of flavonoids have made promising advances for the potential treatment of malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue, with less toxicity, high efficacy, and improved bioavailability. This review summarizes the current standings of the use of flavonoids to treat malaria and neglected diseases such as leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. Natural and synthetic flavonoids are leading compounds that can be used for developing antiprotozoal and antiviral agents. However, detailed studies on toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and mechanisms of action of these compounds are required to confirm the in vitro pharmacological claims of flavonoids for pharmaceutical applications. HIGHLIGHTS: In the current review, we have tried to compile recent discoveries on natural and synthetic flavonoids as well as their implication in the treatment of malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and dengue. A total of 373 (220 natural and 153 synthetic) flavonoids have been evaluated for antimalarial, antileishmanial, antichagasic, and antidengue activities. Most of these flavonoids showed promising results against the above diseases. Reports on molecular modeling of flavonoid compounds to the disease target indicated encouraging results. Flavonoids can be prospected as potential leads for drug development; however, more rigorously designed studies on toxicity and pharmacokinetics, as well as the quantitative structure-activity relationship studies of these compounds, need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pone Kamdem Boniface
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Igne Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ribeiro GAC, da Rocha CQ, Veloso WB, Fernandes RN, da Silva IS, Tanaka AA. Determination of the catechin contents of bioactive plant extracts using disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes in a batch injection analysis (BIA) system. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Rocha VPC, Quintino da Rocha C, Ferreira Queiroz E, Marcourt L, Vilegas W, Grimaldi GB, Furrer P, Allémann É, Wolfender JL, Soares MBP. Antileishmanial Activity of Dimeric Flavonoids Isolated from Arrabidaea brachypoda. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010001. [PMID: 30577423 PMCID: PMC6337281 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis are diseases caused by parasites belonging to Leishmania genus. The treatment with pentavalent antimonials present high toxicity. Secondary line drugs, such as amphotericin B and miltefosine also have a narrow therapeutic index. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs to treat leishmaniasis. Here, we present the in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of unusual dimeric flavonoids purified from Arrabidaea brachypoda. Three compounds were tested against Leishmana sp. Compound 2 was the most active against promastigotes. Quantifying the in vitro infected macrophages revealed that compound 2 was also the most active against intracellular amastigotes of L. amazonensis, without displaying host cell toxicity. Drug combinations presented an additive effect, suggesting the absence of interaction between amphotericin B and compound 2. Amastigotes treated with compound 2 demonstrated alterations in the Golgi and accumulation of vesicles inside the flagellar pocket. Compound 2-treated amastigotes presented a high accumulation of cytoplasmic vesicles and a myelin-like structure. When administered in L. amazonensis-infected mice, neither the oral nor the topical treatments were effective against the parasite. Based on the high in vitro activity, dimeric flavonoids can be used as a lead structure for the development of new molecules that could be useful for structure-active studies against Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius P C Rocha
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Avenida Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal⁻Salvador-BA 40296-710, Brazil.
| | | | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- UNESP-Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista, Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n°, Parque Bitaru, São Vicente⁻SP 11330-900, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela B Grimaldi
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Avenida Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal⁻Salvador-BA 40296-710, Brazil.
| | - Pascal Furrer
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Éric Allémann
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, 1, Rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Laboratório de Engenharia Tecidual e Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Avenida Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal⁻Salvador-BA 40296-710, Brazil.
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Ma XP, Zhang WF, Yi P, Lan JJ, Xia B, Jiang S, Lou HY, Pan WD. Novel Flavones from the Root of Phytolacca acinosa
Roxb
. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Pan Ma
- College of Pharmacy; Zunyi Medical College; 201 Dalian Road Zunyi 563000 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants; Guizhou Medical University; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Fang Zhang
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Zunyi; 43 Ma-an-shan Road Zunyi 563003, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants; Guizhou Medical University; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants; Guizhou Medical University; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
| | - Bin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants; Guizhou Medical University; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
| | - Sai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants; Guizhou Medical University; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
| | - Hua-Yong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants; Guizhou Medical University; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants; Guizhou Medical University; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 3491 Baijin Road Guiyang 550014 P. R. China
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Involvement of Opioid System, TRPM8, and ASIC Receptors in Antinociceptive Effect of Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC) Bureau. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112304. [PMID: 29099043 PMCID: PMC5713273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC) Bureau is a medicinal plant found in Brazil. Known as “cipó-una”, it is popularly used as a natural therapeutic agent against pain and inflammation. This study evaluated the chemical composition and antinociceptive activity of the dichloromethane fraction from the roots of A. brachypoda (DEAB) and its mechanism of action. The chemical composition was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, and this fraction is composed only of dimeric flavonoids. The antinociceptive effect was evaluated in formalin and hot plate tests after oral administration (10–100 mg/kg) in male Swiss mice. We also investigated the involvement of TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1), TRPA1 (transient receptor potential ankyrin 1), TRPM8 (transient receptor potential melastatin 8), and ASIC (acid-sensing ion channel), as well as the opioidergic, glutamatergic, and supraspinal pathways. Moreover, the nociceptive response was reduced (30 mg/kg) in the early and late phase of the formalin test. DEAB activity appears to involve the opioid system, TRPM8, and ASIC receptors, clearly showing that the DEAB alleviates acute pain in mice and suggesting the involvement of the TRPM8 and ASIC receptors and the opioid system in acute pain relief.
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In vitro toxicological assessment of Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau: Mutagenicity and estrogenicity studies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 90:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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LC–MS characterization, anti-kinetoplastide and cytotoxic activities of natural products from Eugenia jambolana Lam. and Eugenia uniflora. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Applicability of plant-based products in the treatment ofTrypanosoma cruziandTrypanosoma bruceiinfections: a systematic review of preclinicalin vivoevidence. Parasitology 2017; 144:1275-1287. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYChagas disease and sleeping sickness are neglected tropical diseases closely related to poverty, for which the development of plant-derived treatments has not been a promising prospect. Thus, we systematicaly review the preclinicalin vivoevidence on the applicability of plant-based products in the treatment ofTrypanosoma cruziandTrypanosoma bruceiinfections. Characteristics such as disease models, treatments, toxicological safety and methodological bias were analysed. We recovered 66 full text articles from 16 countries investigating 91 plant species. The disease models and treatments were highly variable. Most studies used native (n= 36, 54·54%) or exotic (n= 30, 45·46%) plants with ethnodirected indication (n= 45, 68·18%) for trypanosomiasis treatment. Complete phytochemical screening and toxicity assays were reported in only 15 (22·73%) and 32 (48·49%) studies, respectively. The currently available preclinical evidence is at high risk of bias. The absence of or incomplete characterization of animal models, treatment protocols, and phytochemical/toxicity analyses impaired the internal validity of the individual studies. Contradictory results of a same plant species compromise the external validity of the evidence, making it difficult determine the effectiveness, safety and biotechnological potential of plant-derived products in the development of new anti-infective agents to treatT. cruziandT. bruceiinfections.
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da Rocha CQ, de-Faria FM, Marcourt L, Ebrahimi SN, Kitano BT, Ghilardi AF, Luiz Ferreira A, de Almeida ACA, Dunder RJ, Souza-Brito ARM, Hamburger M, Vilegas W, Queiroz EF, Wolfender JL. Gastroprotective effects of hydroethanolic root extract of Arrabidaea brachypoda: Evidences of cytoprotection and isolation of unusual glycosylated polyphenols. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 135:93-105. [PMID: 28010885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The hydroethanolic root extract of Arrabidaea brachypoda, from Bignoniaceae family, a Brazilian medicinal plant, demonstrated significant in vivo gastroprotective effects using different in vivo assays. The activity was evaluated in several models of experimental gastric ulcer in rats (absolute ethanol, glutathione depletion, nitric oxide depletion, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, pylorus ligation and acetic acid). Using 300 mg/kg (p.o.) the extract significantly reduced gastric injury in all models. In depth phytochemical investigation of this extract led to the isolation of two previously undescribed phenylethanoid glycosides derivatives and seven unusual glycosylated dimeric flavonoids. The structures were elucidated using UV, NMR and HRMS analysis. Absolute configuration of the dimeric flavonoids was performed by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Quintino da Rocha
- Institute of Biosciences, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, 11330-900, São Vicente, SP, Brazil; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Centre Medical Universitaire-CMU, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Felipe Meira de-Faria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Centre Medical Universitaire-CMU, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Samad Nejad Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bruna Tiemi Kitano
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Franceschini Ghilardi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Luiz Ferreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Nucleus of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Goias, 75704-020, Catalão, GO, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Alves de Almeida
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Dunder
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alba Regina Monteiro Souza-Brito
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Matthias Hamburger
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, 11330-900, São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Centre Medical Universitaire-CMU, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Centre Medical Universitaire-CMU, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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El-Ashmawy IM, Al-Wabel NA, Bayad AE. Achillea fragrantissima, rich in flavonoids and tannins, potentiates the activity of diminazine aceturate against Trypanosoma evansi in rats. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:228-34. [PMID: 26972392 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate activity of methanol extract of Achillea fragrantissima (meth) (A. fragrantissima) alone or in combination with diminazine aceturate (DA) against Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) in experimentally infected rats. METHODS Sixty adult male Wister albino rats were divided equally into 6 groups (A-F). Rats in groups A-E were experimentally infected with T. evansi and those in group F were uninfected. The groups were treated respectively as follows: group A-with 3.5 mg/kg DA; group B- with 1000 mg/kg meth A. fragrantissima; group C-3.5 mg/kg DA plus 500 mg/kg meth A. fragrantissima; group D-3.5 mg/kg DA plus 1000 mg/kg meth A. fragrantissima. Group E was left untreated. Parasitemia, survivability, packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, total leucocytes count, lymphocyte count, and serum malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were estimated. Phytochemical screening of meth A. fragrantissima was also performed. RESULTS The phytochemical analysis of the meth A. fragrantissima indicated a higher content from polyphenolic tannins and non tannins and flavonoids. The efficacy percentage against trypanosomiasis in groups A - E was respectively as follows 80, 40, 90, 100, 0. The administration of meth-A. fragrantissima (1000 mg/kg b.wt.) produced a moderate efficacy against trypanosomiasis. Untreated rats in group E died between 25 and 30 d post infection. The rats given DA and meth A. fragrantissima combinations (C and D) showed faster and higher recovery rates than the uninfected control and groups A and B. The initial reduction in packed cell volume, hemoglobin, total leucocytes count, increases in serum malondialdehyde and decreases in GSH levels were reversed by the treatments. CONCLUSION The administration of the methanol extracts of A. fragrantissima and DA combination therapy was more effective than each product alone in the treatment of rats infected with T. evansi and further studies are required to isolate more active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M El-Ashmawy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Naser A Al-Wabel
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aida E Bayad
- Veterinary Services Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Ravi M, Chauhan P, Singh S, Kant R, Yadav PP. p-TsOH-promoted synthesis of (E)-6-phenyl-7-styryl-5,6-dihydrodibenzo[b,h][1,6]naphthyridines via cascade intramolecular aza-Michael addition/Friedlander condensation of 2′-aminochalcones in a SDS/H2O system. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04837d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
p-TsOH-promoted one-pot cascade synthesis of novel (E)-6-phenyl-7-styryl-5,6-dihydrodibenzo[b,h][1,6]naphthyridines via homodimerization of 2′-aminochalcones has been developed in a SDS/H2O system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makthala Ravi
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Parul Chauhan
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Shikha Singh
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Division of Molecular and Structural Biology
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
| | - Prem. P. Yadav
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow-226031
- India
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Meira CS, Guimarães ET, Dos Santos JAF, Moreira DRM, Nogueira RC, Tomassini TCB, Ribeiro IM, de Souza CVC, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Soares MBP. In vitro and in vivo antiparasitic activity of Physalis angulata L. concentrated ethanolic extract against Trypanosoma cruzi. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:969-974. [PMID: 26407938 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current treatment of Chagas disease, endemic in Latin America and emerging in several countries, is limited by the frequent side effects and variable efficacy of benznidazole. Natural products are an important source for the search for new drugs. AIM/HYPOTHESIS Considering the great potential of natural products as antiparasitic agents, we investigated the anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of a concentrated ethanolic extract of Physalis angulata (EEPA). METHODS Cytotoxicity to mammalian cells was determined using mouse peritoneal macrophages. The antiparasitic activity was evaluated against axenic epimastigote and bloodstream trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, and against amastigote forms using T. cruzi-infected macrophages. Cell death mechanism was determined in trypomastigotes by flow cytometry analysis after annexin V and propidium iodide staining. The efficacy of EEPA was examined in vivo in an acute model of infection by monitoring blood parasitaemia and survival rate 30 days after treatment. The effect against trypomastigotes of EEPA and benznidazole acting in combination was evaluated. RESULTS EEPA effectively inhibits the epimastigote growth (IC50 2.9 ± 0.1 µM) and reduces bloodstream trypomastigote viability (EC50 1.7 ± 0.5 µM). It causes parasite cell death by necrosis. EEPA impairs parasite infectivity as well as amastigote development in concentrations noncytotoxic to mammalian cells. In mice acutely-infected with T. cruzi, EEPA reduced the blood parasitaemia in 72.7%. When combined with benznidazole, EEPA showed a synergistic anti-T. cruzi activity, displaying CI values of 0.8 ± 0.07 at EC50 and 0.83 ± 0.1 at EC90. CONCLUSION EEPA has antiparasitic activity against T. cruzi, causing cell death by necrosis and showing synergistic activity with benznidazole. These findings were reinforced by the observed efficacy of EEPA in reducing parasite load in T. cruzi-mice. Therefore, this represents an important source of antiparasitic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Santana Meira
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jamyle Andrade Ferreira Dos Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ivone Maria Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia Valeria Campos de Souza
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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da Rocha CQ, Vilela FC, Santa-Cecília FV, Cavalcante GP, Vilegas W, Giusti-Paiva A, dos Santos MH. Oleanane-type triterpenoid: an anti-inflammatory compound of the roots Arrabidaea brachypoda. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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