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Ngoma Tchibouanga RR, Jacobs A. Crystal Structures and Physicochemical Properties of 3-Chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic Acid Salts with Amines. Molecules 2023; 28:6965. [PMID: 37836808 PMCID: PMC10574338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (CHPAA) is a fungal metabolite. It is a small molecule that is useful in crystal engineering studies due to the functional groups present. Six amines were selected to form salts with CHPAA. Linear derivatives included diethylamine (DEA) and di-N-butylamine (DBM). The aromatic compounds chosen were 2-aminopyridine (A2MP), 2-amino-4-methylpyridine (A24MP), 2-amino-6-methylpyridine (A26MP) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). The salts were characterised using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and Hirshfeld surface analysis. For all the crystal structures, N-H···O and C-H···Cl contacts were present. O-H···O contacts were found in all the crystal structures except for (CHPAA2-)2DEA+, which was also the only structure that displayed a Cl···Cl contact. Furthermore, C-H···O contacts were found in all the crystal structures except for (CHPAA-)(DBM+). The thermal stability trend showed that the DBM salt was more stable than the DEA salt. For the aromatic co-formers, the thermal stability trend showed the following: CHPAA-(DMAP+) > (CHPAA-)(A2MP+)>2CHPAA-2A26MP+>(CHPAA-)(A24MP+).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayesha Jacobs
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
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Zhang C, Lum KY, Taki AC, Gasser RB, Byrne JJ, Wang T, Blaskovich MAT, Register ET, Montaner LJ, Tietjen I, Davis RA. Design, synthesis and screening of a drug discovery library based on an Eremophila-derived serrulatane scaffold. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112887. [PMID: 34339980 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical studies of the aerial parts of the Australian desert plant Eremophila microtheca afforded the targeted and known diterpenoid scaffolds, 3,7,8-trihydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid and 3-acetoxy-7,8-dihydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid. The most abundant serrulatane scaffold was converted to the poly-methyl derivatives, 3-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid methyl ester and 3,7,8-trimethoxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid methyl ester using simple and rapid methylation conditions consisting of DMSO, NaOH and MeI at room temperature. Subsequently a 12-membered amide library was synthesised by reacting the methylated scaffolds with a diverse series of commercial primary amines. The chemical structures of the 12 undescribed semi-synthetic analogues were fully characterised following 1D/2D NMR, MS, UV, ECD and [α]D data analyses. All compounds were evaluated for their anthelmintic, anti-microbial and anti-viral activities. While none of the compounds significantly inhibited motility or development of the exsheathed third-stage larvae (xL3s) of a pathogenic ruminant parasite, Haemonchus contortus, the tri-methylated analogue induced a skinny phenotype in fourth-stage larvae (L4s) after seven days of treatment (IC50 = 14 μM). Anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities were not observed at concentrations up to 20 μM. Activity against HIV latency reversal was tested in inducible, chronically-infected cells, with the tri-methylated analogue being the most active (EC50 = 38 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Kah Yean Lum
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Aya C Taki
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph J Byrne
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mark A T Blaskovich
- Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery, Centre for Superbug Solutions, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
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3
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Huxley C, Wibowo M, Lum KY, Gordon S, D'Hyon S, Guan H, Wang X, Chen Y, Si M, Wang M, White JM, Wahi K, Wang Q, Holst J, Davis RA. Synthesis of bilocularin A carbamate derivatives and their evaluation as leucine transport inhibitors in prostate cancer cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 179:112478. [PMID: 32805621 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale extraction of the leaves of the Australian rainforest tree Maytenus bilocularis followed by extensive purification studies afforded the targeted and abundant dihydro-β-agarofuran, bilocularin A, in sufficient quantities (>500 mg) for detailed semi-synthetic chemistry. Eight bilocularin A carbamate analogues were synthesised using a series of commercially available isocyanate reagents in high purity (>95%) and variable yields (9-91%). All previously undescribed analogues were spectroscopically characterised using NMR, UV, IR and MS data. One compound afforded crystalline material and subsequent single crystal X-ray analysis (Cu-Kα) confirmed the chemical structure along with the absolute configuration. All compounds were evaluated for anti-proliferative activity against the human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP; none of the compounds showed significant (>50%) growth inhibition at 20 μM. Compounds were also tested for their ability to inhibit leucine transport in LNCaP cells, and two analogues showed moderate activity with IC50 values of 8.9 and 8.5 μM. This is the first reported synthesis of dihydro-β-agarofuran carbamate derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cohan Huxley
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Mario Wibowo
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Kah Yean Lum
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Shelly Gordon
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Sebastian D'Hyon
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Hanyu Guan
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Xueyi Wang
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yuxi Chen
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Mingran Si
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Mengchao Wang
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jonathan M White
- School of Chemistry and Bio 21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kanu Wahi
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Qian Wang
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
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Kumar R, Bidgood CL, Levrier C, Gunter JH, Nelson CC, Sadowski MC, Davis RA. Synthesis of a Unique Psammaplysin F Library and Functional Evaluation in Prostate Cancer Cells by Multiparametric Quantitative Single Cell Imaging. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2357-2366. [PMID: 32691595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The spirooxepinisoxazoline alkaloid psammaplysin F (1) was selected as a scaffold for the generation of a unique screening library for both drug discovery and chemical biology research. Large-scale extraction and isolation chemistry was performed on a marine sponge (Hyattella sp.) collected from the Great Barrier Reef in order to acquire >200 mg of the desired bromotyrosine-derived alkaloidal scaffold. Parallel solution-phase semisynthesis was employed to generate a series of psammaplysin-based urea (2-9) and amide analogues (10-11) in low to moderate yields. The chemical structures of all analogues were characterized using NMR and MS data. The absolute configuration of psammaplysin F and all semisynthetic analogues was determined as 6R, 7R by comparison of ECD data with literature values. All compounds (1-11) were evaluated for their effect on cell cycle distribution and changes to cancer metabolism in LNCaP prostate cancer cells using a multiparametric quantitative single-cell imaging approach. These investigations identified that in LNCaP cells psammaplysin F and some urea analogues caused loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, fragmentation of the mitochondrial tubular network, chromosome misalignment, and cell cycle arrest in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitesh Kumar
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Charles L Bidgood
- Queensland University of Technology, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Claire Levrier
- Queensland University of Technology, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Jennifer H Gunter
- Queensland University of Technology, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Colleen C Nelson
- Queensland University of Technology, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Martin C Sadowski
- Queensland University of Technology, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
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5
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Egbewande FA, Coster MJ, Jenkins ID, Davis RA. Reaction of Papaverine with Baran Diversinates TM. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213938. [PMID: 31683610 PMCID: PMC6864744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of papaverine with a series of Baran DiversinatesTM is reported. Although the yields were low, it was possible to synthesize a small biodiscovery library using this plant alkaloid as a scaffold for late-stage C–H functionalization. Ten papaverine analogues (2–11), including seven new compounds, were synthesized. An unexpected radical-induced exchange reaction is reported where the dimethoxybenzyl group of papaverine was replaced by an alkyl group. This side reaction enabled the synthesis of additional novel fragments based on the isoquinoline scaffold, which is present in numerous natural products. Possible reasons for the poor yields in the DiversinateTM reactions with this particular scaffold are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake A Egbewande
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Mark J Coster
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Ian D Jenkins
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
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Ashenden SK. Screening Library Design. Methods Enzymol 2018; 610:73-96. [PMID: 30390806 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to technological advances and a greater understanding of the biological and chemical natures of targets and related diseases, high-throughput screening (HTS) has been allowed to be faster, cheaper, and more accessible. Yet, despite these increased technologies and understandings, the frequency of novel and drugs are being approved each year has not being increasing over the years. 2017 was considered a "bumper" year with a total of 46 approved drugs, over double that of the previous year. However, it is thought that part of the problem that HTS has not lived up to expectations is because of the contents of current chemical libraries. Therefore, new methods to design screening libraries are of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kay Ashenden
- Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Discovery Sciences, IMed Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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7
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Egbewande FA, Sadowski MC, Levrier C, Tousignant KD, White JM, Coster MJ, Nelson CC, Davis RA. Identification of Gibberellic Acid Derivatives That Deregulate Cholesterol Metabolism in Prostate Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:838-845. [PMID: 29474071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The naturally occurring pentacyclic diterpenoid gibberellic acid (1) was used in the generation of a drug-like amide library using parallel-solution-phase synthesis. Prior to the synthesis, a virtual library was generated and prioritized based on drug-like physicochemical parameters such as log P, hydrogen bond donor/acceptor counts, and molecular weight. The structures of the synthesized analogues (2-13) were elucidated following analysis of the NMR, MS, UV, and IR data. Compound 12 afforded crystalline material, and its structure was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. All compounds were evaluated in vitro for cytotoxicity and deregulation of lipid metabolism in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. While no cytotoxic activity was identified at the concentrations tested, synthesized analogues 3, 5, 7, 10, and 11 substantially reduced cellular uptake of free cholesterol in prostate cancer cells, suggesting a novel role of gibberellic acid derivatives in deregulating cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake A Egbewande
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Brisbane , QLD 4111 , Australia
| | - Martin C Sadowski
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute , Brisbane , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Claire Levrier
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute , Brisbane , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Kaylyn D Tousignant
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute , Brisbane , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Jonathan M White
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute , The University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Mark J Coster
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Brisbane , QLD 4111 , Australia
| | - Colleen C Nelson
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute , Brisbane , QLD 4102 , Australia
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Brisbane , QLD 4111 , Australia
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8
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Kumar R, Duffy S, Avery VM, Davis RA. Synthesis of antimalarial amide analogues based on the plant serrulatane diterpenoid 3,7,8-trihydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4091-4095. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Egbewande FA, Nilsson N, White JM, Coster MJ, Davis RA. The design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-like library based on the natural product valerenic acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3185-3189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Barnes EC, Kumar R, Davis RA. The use of isolated natural products as scaffolds for the generation of chemically diverse screening libraries for drug discovery. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:372-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c5np00121h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This Highlight examines the use of isolated natural products as scaffolds in the semi-synthesis of drug discovery libraries, and the potential of this rarely used method to contribute to successful natural product library generation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Barnes
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology HKI
| | - Rohitesh Kumar
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Rohan A. Davis
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery
- Griffith University
- Brisbane
- Australia
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