1
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Stockdale DP, Beutler JA, Wiemer DF. Substitution of a triazole for the central olefin in biologically active stilbenes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 75:128980. [PMID: 36096344 PMCID: PMC9563006 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The stilbene moiety is commonly found in natural products and these compounds display an extraordinary range of biological activity. Efforts to derive useful drugs from stilbenes must address the potential liabilities of this structure, including a propensity for cis/trans isomerization. To identify olefin replacements that address this limitation while preserving biological activity we have prepared analogues of two bioactive stilbenes, a pawhuskin and a schweinfurthin, where a 1,2,3-triazole ring formally replaces the stilbene double bond. The new schweinfurthin analogue (23) has been tested for anti-proliferative activity against 60 cell lines, and shows a strong correlation of bioactivity when compared to the compound that inspired its synthesis (22).
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Stockdale
- Department of Chemistry University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States
| | - John A Beutler
- Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - David F Wiemer
- Department of Chemistry University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States.
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2
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Kokolus KM, Haley JS, Koubek EJ, Gowda R, Dinavahi SS, Sharma A, Claxton DF, Helm KF, Drabick JJ, Robertson GP, Neighbors JD, Hohl RJ, Schell TD. Schweinfurthin natural products induce regression of murine melanoma and pair with anti-PD-1 therapy to facilitate durable tumor immunity. Oncoimmunology 2018; 8:e1539614. [PMID: 30713799 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1539614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is a significant clinical problem with a 5-year survival rate of only 15-20%. Recent approval of new immunotherapies and targeted inhibitors have provided much needed options for these patients, in some cases promoting dramatic disease regressions. In particular, antibody-based therapies that block the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitory pathway have achieved an increased overall response rate in metastatic melanoma, yet durable response rates are reported only around 15%. To improve the overall and durable response rates for advanced-stage melanoma, combined targeted and immune-based therapies are under investigation. Here, we investigated how the natural products called schweinfurthins, which have selective anti-proliferative activity against many cancer types, impact anti-(α)PD-1-mediated immunotherapy of murine melanomas. Two different compounds efficiently reduced the growth of human and murine melanoma cells in vitro and induced plasma membrane surface localization of the ER-resident protein calreticulin in B16.F10 melanoma cells, an indicator of immunogenic cell death. In addition, both compounds improved αPD-1-mediated immunotherapy of established tumors in immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice either by delaying tumor progression or resulting in complete tumor regression. Improved immunotherapy was accomplished following only a 5-day course of schweinfurthin, which was associated with initial tumor regression even in the absence of αPD-1. Schweinfurthin-induced tumor regression required an intact immune system as tumors were unaffected in NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice. These results indicate that schweinfurthins improve αPD-1 therapy, leading to enhanced and durable anti-tumor immunity and support the translation of this novel approach to further improve response rates for metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Kokolus
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jeremy S Haley
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Emily J Koubek
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Raghavendra Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Saketh S Dinavahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Arati Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David F Claxton
- Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Klaus F Helm
- Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joseph J Drabick
- Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Neighbors
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Raymond J Hohl
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Todd D Schell
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA.,Penn State Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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3
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Stockdale DP, Titunick MB, Biegler JM, Reed JL, Hartung AM, Wiemer DF, McLaughlin PJ, Neighbors JD. Selective opioid growth factor receptor antagonists based on a stilbene isostere. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4464-4474. [PMID: 28693915 PMCID: PMC5567982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
As part of an ongoing drug development effort aimed at selective opioid receptor ligands based on the pawhuskin natural products we have synthesized a small set of amide isosteres. These amides were centered on lead compounds which are selective antagonists for the delta and kappa opioid receptors. The amide isomers revealed here show dramatically different activity from the parent stilbene compounds. Three of the isomers synthesized showed antagonist activity for the opioid growth factor (OGF)/opioid growth factor receptor (OGFR) axis which is involved in cellular and organ growth control. This cellular signaling mechanism is targeted by "low-dose" naltrexone therapy which is being tested clinically for multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, cancer, and wound healing disorders. The compounds described here are the first selective small molecule ligands for the OGF/OGFR system and will serve as important leads and probes for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Stockdale
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States
| | - Michelle B Titunick
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Jessica M Biegler
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Pennsylvania State University Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Jessie L Reed
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Pennsylvania State University Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Alyssa M Hartung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States
| | - David F Wiemer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States
| | - Patricia J McLaughlin
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Pennsylvania State University Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Neighbors
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Pennsylvania State University Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
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4
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Gardner KD, Wiemer DF. Selective Prenylation of Protected Phenols for Synthesis of Pawhuskin A Analogues. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1585-92. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevyn D. Gardner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
| | - David F. Wiemer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
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5
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Hartung AM, Navarro HA, Wiemer DF, Neighbors JD. A selective delta opioid receptor antagonist based on a stilbene core. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5532-5. [PMID: 26525865 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies of directed ortho metalation reactions on an aromatic substrate with multiple potential directing groups have identified conditions that favor either of two regioisomers. One of these regioisomers has been converted to an analogue of the stilbene pawhuskin A, and been shown to have high selectivity as an antagonist of the delta opioid receptor. Docking studies have suggested that this compound can adopt a conformation similar to naltrindole, a known delta antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Hartung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States
| | - Hernan A Navarro
- Discovery Sciences, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - David F Wiemer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Neighbors
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
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6
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Hartung A, Beutler JA, Navarro HA, Wiemer DF, Neighbors JD. Stilbenes as κ-selective, non-nitrogenous opioid receptor antagonists. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:311-319. [PMID: 24456556 PMCID: PMC3993902 DOI: 10.1021/np4009046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The natural stilbene pawhuskin A has been shown to function as an opioid receptor antagonist, with preferential binding to the κ receptor. This finding encouraged assembly of a set of analogues to probe the importance of key structural features. Assays on these compounds determined that one (compound 29) shows potent opioid receptor binding activity and significantly improved selectivity for the κ receptor. These studies begin to illuminate the structural features of these non-nitrogenous opioid receptor antagonists that are required for activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa
M. Hartung
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - John A. Beutler
- Molecular
Targets Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Hernán A. Navarro
- Discovery
Sciences, RTI International, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - David F. Wiemer
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Neighbors
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Iowa, Chemistry Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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7
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Kodet JG, Topczewski JJ, Gardner KD, Wiemer DF. Electrophilic aromatic prenylation via cascade cyclization. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:9212-9218. [PMID: 24610962 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To gain access to prenylated hexahydroxanthenes, tandem cascade cyclization-electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions have been studied on substrates bearing allylic and propargylic substituents. Both BF3·OEt2 and TMSOTf can be used to initiate this reaction sequence, resulting in different ratios of the C-2 and C-6 substitution products. Even though allylic transposition is observed in some cases, the results of a crossover experiment are consistent with an intramolecular reaction sequence. Taken together, these studies now allow preparation of either the C-2 or C-6 prenylated hexahydroxanthene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Kodet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294 USA
| | | | - Kevyn D Gardner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294 USA
| | - David F Wiemer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294 USA
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8
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9
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Cordes J, Calo F, Anderson K, Pfaffeneder T, Laclef S, White AJP, Barrett AGM. Total Syntheses of Angelicoin A, Hericenone J, and Hericenol A via Migratory Prenyl- and Geranylation–Aromatization Sequences. J Org Chem 2011; 77:652-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202354j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Cordes
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, London,
SW7 2AZ, England
| | - Frederick Calo
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, London,
SW7 2AZ, England
| | - Katie Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, London,
SW7 2AZ, England
| | - Toni Pfaffeneder
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, London,
SW7 2AZ, England
| | - Sylvain Laclef
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College, London,
SW7 2AZ, England
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10
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Barney RJ, Richardson RM, Wiemer DF. Direct conversion of benzylic and allylic alcohols to phosphonates. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2875-9. [PMID: 21405073 DOI: 10.1021/jo200137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Benzyl phosphonate esters often serve as reagents in Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions. In most cases, they can be prepared from benzylic alcohols via formation of the corresponding halide followed by an Arbuzov reaction. To identify a more direct synthesis of phosphonate esters, we have developed a one-flask procedure for conversion of benzylic and allylic alcohols to the corresponding phosphonates through treatment with triethyl phosphite and ZnI(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocky J Barney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
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11
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Abstract
Background: Traditional and current opioid pharmacology is fundamentally based on interactions between opioid receptors and compounds isolated from natural sources. Adverse effects associated with opioids have led to the search for compounds with diminished side effects. Discussion: Recent discoveries of non-nitrogenous and structurally diverse alkaloids as novel opioid ligands have led to renewed interest in the development of novel chemotypes for opioid receptors. Conclusion: The strong history of natural products as opioid receptor ligands suggests that nature is one of the most promising for the identification of novel opioids. This review highlights the vast potential of investigating natural products as novel probes of opioid receptors.
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