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Brahmachari G. Practice of green chemistry strategies in synthetic organic chemistry: a glimpse of our sincere efforts in green chemistry research. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8153-8169. [PMID: 38978452 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
This feature article summarises our recent contributions (2019-2023) in designing and developing a handful of promising organic transformations for accessing several diversely functionalised biologically relevant organic scaffolds, following the green chemistry principles, particularly focusing on the application of low-energy visible light, electrochemistry, ball-milling, ultrasound, and catalyst- and additive-free synthetic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Brahmachari
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (a Central University), Santiniketan-731 235, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Wang Y, Tsui KM, Chen S, You C. Diversity, pathogenicity and two new species of pestalotioid fungi (Amphisphaeriales) associated with Chinese Yew in Guangxi, China. MycoKeys 2024; 102:201-224. [PMID: 38449923 PMCID: PMC10915749 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.102.113696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Chinese yew, Taxuschinensisvar.mairei is an endangered shrub native to south-eastern China and is widely known for its medicinal value. The increased cultivation of Chinese yew has increased the incidence of various fungal diseases. In this study, Pestalotioid fungi associated with needle spot of Chinese yew were isolated from Guangxi Province. Based on morphological examinations and multi-locus (ITS, tub2, tef-1α) phylogenies, these isolates were identified to five species, including two new species, Pestalotiopsistaxicola and P.multicolor, two potential novel Neopestalotiopsis species, Neopestalotiopsis sp. 3 and Neopestalotiopsis sp. 4, with a known Pestalotiopsis species (Pestalotiopsistrachycarpicola), firstly recorded from Chinese yew. These two new Pestalotiopsis species were morphologically and phylogenetically distinct from the extant Pestalotioid species in Chinese yew. Pathogenicity and culture characteristic tests of these five Pestalotioid species were also performed in this study. The pathogenicity test results revealed that Neopestalotiopsis sp. 3 can cause diseases in Chinese yew needles. These results have indicated that the diversity of Pestalotioid species associated with Chinese yew was greater than previously determined and provided helpful information for Chinese yew disease diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kin-Ming Tsui
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, SingaporeNational Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingaporeSingapore
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, CanadaUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Shimei Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chongjuan You
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
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3
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Tamanna, Sharma D, Chauhan P. Asymmetric synthesis of spirocyclic isobenzofuranones via a squaramide-catalysed sulfa-Michael desymmetrisation reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2570-2574. [PMID: 36880442 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00126a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective synthesis of spirocyclohexenone isobenzofuranones has been achieved through an organocatalysed sulfa-Michael desymmetrisation reaction. A cinchona-derived squaramide effectively promotes the desymmetrisation of spirocyclic 2,5-cyclohexadienone isobenzofuranones via the controlled addition of various aryl thiols to generate two vicinal stereocenters with perfect diastereoselectivities and up to very good enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Nagrota, NH-44, (J&K), 181221, Jagti, India.
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Nagrota, NH-44, (J&K), 181221, Jagti, India.
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Nagrota, NH-44, (J&K), 181221, Jagti, India.
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4
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Pestalotiopsis Diversity: Species, Dispositions, Secondary Metabolites, and Bioactivities. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27228088. [PMID: 36432188 PMCID: PMC9695833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pestalotiopsis species have gained attention thanks to their structurally complex and biologically active secondary metabolites. In past decades, several new secondary metabolites were isolated and identified. Their bioactivities were tested, including anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, and nematicidal activity. Since the previous review published in 2014, new secondary metabolites were isolated and identified from Pestalotiopsis species and unidentified strains. This review gathered published articles from 2014 to 2021 and focused on 239 new secondary metabolites and their bioactivities. To date, 384 Pestalotiopsis species have been discovered in diverse ecological habitats, with the majority of them unstudied. Some may contain secondary metabolites with unique bioactivities that might benefit pharmacology.
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Wang Z, Yang T, Liu D, Chen R, Wang N, Liu H, Li J, Wang K, Liu H. Catalyst-Controlled Selectivity Switch in Three-Component Reaction: An NHC-Catalyzed Strategy for the Synthesis of δ-Lactone-Fused Spirobenzofuran-3-ones. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185952. [PMID: 36144686 PMCID: PMC9503435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, three-component reaction of aldehydes and benzofuran-3-ones was developed. This process provides a new approach for the preparation of synthetically and biologically important spirobenzofuran-3-one derivatives with moderate-to-good yields under mild conditions. A switch of intramolecular to intermolecular domino Michael–aldol–lactonization leading to differential product formation was achieved by different NHCs catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Nursing College, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Xinxiang Runyu Material Co., Ltd., Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Jiarong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kaikai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongxin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Institute of New Materials & Industrial Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (H.L.)
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Li C, Xu Y, Fu P, Guo L, Che Y. Neopestolides A-D, Diphenyl Ether Derivatives from the Plant Endophytic Fungus Neopestalotiopsis sp. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:607-613. [PMID: 35049297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Four new diphenyl ether derivatives, neopestolides A-D (2-5), were isolated from cultures of the plant endophytic fungus Neopestalotiopsis sp., along with the known metabolite pestalotiollide A (1); their structures were elucidated primarily by NMR experiments. The absolute configurations of 2 and 3-5 were deduced by electronic circular dichroism calculations and via Snatzke's method, respectively. Compounds 2-4 incorporate tetrahydrofuran moieties attached to the dibenzo[b,g][1,5]dioxocin-5(7H)-one skeleton via C-C linkages. Compounds 1 and 2 showed modest cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Peinan Fu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangdong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Che
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Hridoy M, Gorapi MZH, Noor S, Chowdhury NS, Rahman MM, Muscari I, Masia F, Adorisio S, Delfino DV, Mazid MA. Putative Anticancer Compounds from Plant-Derived Endophytic Fungi: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:296. [PMID: 35011527 PMCID: PMC8746379 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that exist almost ubiquitously inside the various tissues of living plants where they act as an important reservoir of diverse bioactive compounds. Recently, endophytic fungi have drawn tremendous attention from researchers; their isolation, culture, purification, and characterization have revealed the presence of around 200 important and diverse compounds including anticancer agents, antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, immunosuppressants, and antimycotics. Many of these anticancer compounds, such as paclitaxel, camptothecin, vinblastine, vincristine, podophyllotoxin, and their derivatives, are currently being used clinically for the treatment of various cancers (e.g., ovarian, breast, prostate, lung cancers, and leukemias). By increasing the yield of specific compounds with genetic engineering and other biotechnologies, endophytic fungi could be a promising, prolific source of anticancer drugs. In the future, compounds derived from endophytic fungi could increase treatment availability and cost effectiveness. This comprehensive review includes the putative anticancer compounds from plant-derived endophytic fungi discovered from 1990 to 2020 with their source endophytic fungi and host plants as well as their antitumor activity against various cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Hridoy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | | | - Sadia Noor
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh; (M.Z.H.G.); (S.N.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Isabella Muscari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesco Masia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.M.); (F.M.)
| | - Sabrina Adorisio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Foligno Nursing School and Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Piazzale Severi, S. Andrea delle Fratte, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Domenico V. Delfino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Foligno Nursing School and Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Piazzale Severi, S. Andrea delle Fratte, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Md. Abdul Mazid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Gakuubi MM, Munusamy M, Liang ZX, Ng SB. Fungal Endophytes: A Promising Frontier for Discovery of Novel Bioactive Compounds. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:786. [PMID: 34682208 PMCID: PMC8538612 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For years, fungi have served as repositories of bioactive secondary metabolites that form the backbone of many existing drugs. With the global rise in infections associated with antimicrobial resistance, in addition to the growing burden of non-communicable disease, such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular ailments, the demand for new drugs that can provide an improved therapeutic outcome has become the utmost priority. The exploration of microbes from understudied and specialized niches is one of the promising ways of discovering promising lead molecules for drug discovery. In recent years, a special class of plant-associated fungi, namely, fungal endophytes, have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds with unique chemistry and interesting biological activities. The present review focuses on endophytic fungi and their classification, rationale for selection and prioritization of host plants for fungal isolation and examples of strategies that have been adopted to induce the activation of cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters to enhance the biosynthetic potential of fungal endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Muthee Gakuubi
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; (M.M.G.); (M.M.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
| | - Madhaiyan Munusamy
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; (M.M.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Zhao-Xun Liang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
| | - Siew Bee Ng
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, #01-02 Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore; (M.M.G.); (M.M.)
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Zheng H, Qiao M, Xu J, Yu Z. Culture-Based and Culture-Independent Assessments of Endophytic Fungal Diversity in Aquatic Plants in Southwest China. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2021; 2:692549. [PMID: 37744110 PMCID: PMC10512276 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.692549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems contain tremendous plant and microbial diversity. However, little is known about endophyte diversity in aquatic plants. In this study, we investigated the diversity of endophytic fungi in aquatic plants in southwest China using both culture-based and culture-independent high-throughput sequencing methods. A total of 1,689 fungal isolates belonging to three phyla and 154 genera were obtained from 15,373 plant tissue segments of 30 aquatic plant species. The most abundant endophytic fungi were those in ascomycete genera Aspergillus, Ceratophoma, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma and Plectosporium. No difference in fungal isolation rates was observed among tissues from roots, stems, and leaves. Twenty tissue samples from three most common plant species were further subjected to culture-independent meta-barcode sequencing. The sequence-based analyses revealed a total of 1,074 OTUs belonging to six fungal phyla and 194 genera. Among the three plants, Batrachium bungei harbored the highest number of OTUs. Besides, a total of 66 genera were detected by two methods. Both the culture-dependent and independent methods revealed that aquatic plants in southwest China have abundant endophytic fungal diversity. This study significantly expands our knowledge of the fungal community of aquatic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zheng
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Qiao
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Zefen Yu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Mycosynthesis of novel lactone in foliar endophytic fungus isolated from Bixa orellana L. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:33. [PMID: 33457167 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a colossal demand for natural pigments and its applications in recent times. In the study, a novel lactone pigment was isolated from a predominant endophytic fungus residing in Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae) leaves. The endophyte was identified as Fusarium verticillioides through morphological and molecular investigations. The optimum growth parameters of the endophyte for pigment production were at 33 ºC with pH 6.5 in dark. Through comprehensive spectroscopic studies, the structure of the isolated lactone was resolved and identified as (E)-3, 3-dimethyl-4-(pent-1-en-1-yl)-4-propyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one. The acute oral toxicity study of the pigment investigated upon female Wistar rats indicated the median lethal dose (LD50) value above 1000 mg/kg body weight affirming safety. Thus, the red pigment from the isolated endophyte may be employed as a sustainable source for natural colorant in industries owing to its non-toxicity. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02566-x.
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Brahmachari G, Karmakar I. Visible Light-Induced and Singlet Oxygen-Mediated Photochemical Conversion of 4-Hydroxy-α-benzopyrones to 2-Hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-2-carboxamides/carboxylates Using Rose Bengal as a Photosensitizer. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8851-8864. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Brahmachari
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (a Central University), Santiniketan, West Bengal 731 235, India
| | - Indrajit Karmakar
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (a Central University), Santiniketan, West Bengal 731 235, India
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Guo L, Lin J, Niu S, Liu S, Liu L. Pestalotiones A-D: Four New Secondary Metabolites from the Plant Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis Theae. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030470. [PMID: 31979166 PMCID: PMC7037426 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new xanthone derivatives, pestalotiones A (1) and B (2), one new diphenyl ketone riboside, pestalotione C (7), and one new diphenyl ether, pestalotione D (8), along with five known compounds isosulochrin dehydrate (3), 3,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylate (4), isosulochrin (5), chloroisosulochrin (6), and pestalotether D (9), were isolated from the crude extract of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis theae (N635). The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously deduced by HRESIMS and 1D/2D-NMR spectroscopic data. Compound 6 showed modest cytotoxicity against the HeLa cell line with an IC50 value of 35.2 μM. Compound 9 also showed cytotoxic to the HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines, with IC50 values of 60.8 and 22.6 μM, respectively. Additionally, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antioxidant activity in scavenging DPPH radical with IC50 values of 54.2 and 59.2 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (S.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210003, China;
| | - Shubin Niu
- School of Biological Medicine, Beijing City University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Shuchun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (L.G.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 86-10-648-06153
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13
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Rao L, You YX, Su Y, Liu Y, He Q, Fan Y, Hu F, Xu YK, Zhang CR. Two spiroketal derivatives with an unprecedented amino group and their cytotoxicity evaluation from the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis flavidula. Fitoterapia 2019; 135:5-8. [PMID: 30914329 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two new spiroketal derivatives with an unprecedented amino group, 2'-aminodechloromaldoxin (1) and 2'-aminodechlorogeodoxin (2), along with one known analogue dechloromaldoxin (3), were isolated from the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis flavidula. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The purification was cytotoxicity-guided which indicated the extract, fractions and compounds were evaluated in vitro for anti-proliferative activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. The results showed compounds 1 and 2 with moderate cytotoxicity while 3 was inactive, which suggested -NH2 group might play a very important role for their cytotoxicity. This is the first study for P. flavidula and the first time to report the spiroketal derivatives as alkaloids from the Pestalotiopsis genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Rao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yun-Xia You
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yu Su
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qian He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yue Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - You-Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Chuan-Rui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, and Tumour Targeted Therapy and Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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14
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Pan R, Bai X, Chen J, Zhang H, Wang H. Exploring Structural Diversity of Microbe Secondary Metabolites Using OSMAC Strategy: A Literature Review. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:294. [PMID: 30863377 PMCID: PMC6399155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial secondary metabolites (MSMs) have played and continue to play a highly significant role in the drug discovery and development process. Genetically, MSM chemical structures are biologically synthesized by microbial gene clusters. Recently, however, the speed of new bioactive MSM discovery has been slowing down due to consistent employment of conventional cultivation and isolation procedure. In order to alleviate this challenge, a number of new approaches have been developed. The strategy of one strain many compounds (OSMAC) has been shown as a simple and powerful tool that can activate many silent biogenetic gene clusters in microorganisms to make more natural products. This review highlights important and successful examples using OSMAC approaches, which covers changing medium composition and cultivation status, co-cultivation with other strain(s), adding enzyme inhibitor(s) and MSM biosynthetic precursor(s). Available evidences had shown that variation of cultivation condition is the most effective way to produce more MSMs and facilitate the discovery of new therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuelian Bai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Hu B, Zhang Q, Zhao S, Wang Y, Xu L, Yan S, Yu F. Direct Oxidative Disulfenylation/Cyclization of 2′‐Hydroxyacetophenones with Thiophenols for the Synthesis of 2,2‐Dithio‐Benzofuran‐3(2
H
)‐Ones. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Hu
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaohe Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Siyun Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Shengjiao Yan
- School of Chemical Science and TechnologyYunnan University Kunming 650091 People's Republic of China
| | - Fuchao Yu
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
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16
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Uzma F, Mohan CD, Hashem A, Konappa NM, Rangappa S, Kamath PV, Singh BP, Mudili V, Gupta VK, Siddaiah CN, Chowdappa S, Alqarawi AA, Abd Allah EF. Endophytic Fungi-Alternative Sources of Cytotoxic Compounds: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:309. [PMID: 29755344 PMCID: PMC5932204 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, with an increasing number of cases being reported annually. The elevated rate of mortality necessitates a global challenge to explore newer sources of anticancer drugs. Recent advancements in cancer treatment involve the discovery and development of new and improved chemotherapeutics derived from natural or synthetic sources. Natural sources offer the potential of finding new structural classes with unique bioactivities for cancer therapy. Endophytic fungi represent a rich source of bioactive metabolites that can be manipulated to produce desirable novel analogs for chemotherapy. This review offers a current and integrative account of clinically used anticancer drugs such as taxol, podophyllotoxin, camptothecin, and vinca alkaloids in terms of their mechanism of action, isolation from endophytic fungi and their characterization, yield obtained, and fungal strain improvement strategies. It also covers recent literature on endophytic fungal metabolites from terrestrial, mangrove, and marine sources as potential anticancer agents and emphasizes the findings for cytotoxic bioactive compounds tested against specific cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazilath Uzma
- Microbial Metabolite Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India
| | - Chakrabhavi D Mohan
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, BG Nagara, Mandya, India
| | - Praveen V Kamath
- Microbial Metabolite Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India
| | - Bhim P Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, India
| | - Venkataramana Mudili
- Microbiology Division, DRDO-BU-Centre for Life sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Chandra N Siddaiah
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Srinivas Chowdappa
- Microbial Metabolite Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India
| | - Abdulaziz A Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed F Abd Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Kimaru SK, Monda E, Cheruiyot RC, Mbaka J, Alakonya A. Morphological and Molecular Identification of the Causal Agent of Anthracnose Disease of Avocado in Kenya. Int J Microbiol 2018; 2018:4568520. [PMID: 29681943 PMCID: PMC5848113 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4568520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose disease of avocado contributes to a huge loss of avocado fruits due to postharvest rot in Kenya. The causal agent of this disease has not been clear but presumed to be Colletotrichum gloeosporioides as reported in other regions where avocado is grown. The fungus mainly infects fruits causing symptoms such as small blackish spots, "pepper spots," and black spots with raised margin which coalesce as infection progresses. Due to economic losses associated with the disease and emerging information of other species of fungi as causal agents of the disease, this study was aimed at identifying causal agent(s) of the disease. A total of 80 fungal isolates were collected from diseased avocado fruits in Murang'a County, the main avocado growing region in Kenya. Forty-six isolates were morphologically identified as Colletotrichum spp. based on their cultural characteristics, mainly whitish, greyish, and creamish colour and cottony/velvety mycelia on the top side of the culture and greyish cream with concentric zonation on the reverse side. Their spores were straight with rounded end and nonseptate. Thirty-four isolates were identified as Pestalotiopsis spp. based on their cultural characteristics: whitish grey mycelium with black fruiting structure on the upper side and greyish black one on the lower side and septate spores with 3-4 septa and 2 or 3 appendages at one end. Further molecular studies using ITS indicated Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum boninense, and Pestalotiopsis microspora as the causal agents of anthracnose disease in avocado. However, with this being the first report, there is a need to conduct further studies to establish whether there is coinfection or any interaction thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Kimaru
- Department of Plant Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - E. Monda
- Department of Microbiology, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - R. C. Cheruiyot
- Department of Plant Sciences, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - J. Mbaka
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation, P.O. Box 220, Thika, Kenya
| | - A. Alakonya
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000, Nairobi, Kenya
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18
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Pan GH, Song RJ, Li JH. Radical-mediated synthesis of γ-lactones by copper-catalyzed intermolecular carboesterification of alkenes with α-carbonyl alkyl bromides and H2O. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00579b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel copper-catalyzed intermolecular carboesterification strategy of alkenes with α-carbonyl alkyl bromides is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Hui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
| | - Ren-Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle
- Nanchang Hangkong University
- Nanchang 330063
- China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
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19
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Lei H, Lin X, Han L, Ma J, Dong K, Wang X, Zhong J, Mu Y, Liu Y, Huang X. Polyketide derivatives from a marine-sponge-associated fungus Pestalotiopsis heterocornis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 142:51-59. [PMID: 28675830 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Twelve previously undescribed polyketide derivatives, heterocornols A-L, and seven known analogues were isolated from a culture of the fungus Pestalotiopsis heterocornis associated with sponge. Their structures were elucidated by a comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and CD Cotton effects. These compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic and antibacterial activities in vitro. Among them, heterocornols A-C, F-H, methyl-(2-formyl-3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate, agropyrenol, and vaccinol G exhibited cytotoxicities against four human cancer cell lines with IC50 values 15-100 μM, and they also showed antibacterial activities against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with MIC values ranging from 25 to 100 μg/mL. Moreover, compounds heterocornol C, heterocornol G, agropyrenol, and vaccinol G showed weak antifungal activities against Candida parapsilosis and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC values 100 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lei
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Xiuping Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Li Han
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
| | - Jian Ma
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Kailin Dong
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Xingbo Wang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Jialiang Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yu Mu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China
| | - Xueshi Huang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
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20
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Liu L, Han Y, Xiao J, Li L, Guo L, Jiang X, Kong L, Che Y. Chlorotheolides A and B, Spiroketals Generated via Diels-Alder Reactions in the Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis theae. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2616-2623. [PMID: 27731995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlorotheolides A (1) and B (2), two new spiroketals possessing the unique [4,7]methanochromene and dispiro-trione skeletons, respectively, and their putative biosynthetic precursors, 1-undecen-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (3) and maldoxin (4), were isolated from the solid substrate fermentation of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis theae (N635). Their structures were elucidated based on NMR spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism calculations. Biogenetically, compounds 1 and 2 could be generated from the co-isolated 3 and 4 via Diels-Alder reactions. Chlorotheolide (2) showed an antiproliferative effect against the human tumor cell line HeLa and induced an autophagic process in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology & Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology , Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology & Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology , Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangdong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology & Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology , Beijing 100850, People's Republic of China
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21
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Mousa WK, Schwan AL, Raizada MN. Characterization of Antifungal Natural Products Isolated from Endophytic Fungi of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana). Molecules 2016; 21:E1171. [PMID: 27598120 PMCID: PMC6273740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Finger millet is an ancient African-Indian crop that is resistant to many pathogens including the fungus, Fusarium graminearum. We previously reported the first isolation of putative fungal endophytes from finger millet and showed that the crude extracts of four strains had anti-Fusarium activity. However, active compounds were isolated from only one strain. The objectives of this study were to confirm the endophytic lifestyle of the three remaining anti-Fusarium isolates, to identify the major underlying antifungal compounds, and to initially characterize the mode(s) of action of each compound. Results of confocal microscopy and a plant disease assay were consistent with the three fungal strains behaving as endophytes. Using bio-assay guided fractionation and spectroscopic structural elucidation, three anti-Fusarium secondary metabolites were purified and characterized. These molecules were not previously reported to derive from fungi nor have antifungal activity. The purified antifungal compounds were: 5-hydroxy 2(3H)-benzofuranone, dehydrocostus lactone (guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone), and harpagoside (an iridoide glycoside). Light microscopy and vitality staining were used to visualize the in vitro interactions between each compound and Fusarium; the results suggested a mixed fungicidal/fungistatic mode of action. We conclude that finger millet possesses fungal endophytes that can synthesize anti-fungal compounds not previously reported as bio-fungicides against F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Kamel Mousa
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Adrian L Schwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Manish N Raizada
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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22
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Kowalczyk D, Wojciechowski J, Albrecht Ł. Enantioselective synthesis of spirocyclic tetrahydrothiophene derivatives bearing a benzofuran-3(2H)-one scaffold. Unusual supramolecular crystal structure with high Z′. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Liu L, Zhao C, Li L, Guo L, Che Y. Pestalotriols A and B, new spiro[2.5]octane derivatives from the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis fici. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis fici produced pestalotriols A (1) and B (2) possessing the unique spiro[2.5]octane skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology
- Institute of Microbiology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100101
- P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology & Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- P. R. China
| | - Liangdong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology
- Institute of Microbiology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100101
- P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology & Medical Countermeasures
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology
- Beijing 100850
- P. R. China
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24
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Chen L, Zhang QY, Jia M, Ming QL, Yue W, Rahman K, Qin LP, Han T. Endophytic fungi with antitumor activities: Their occurrence and anticancer compounds. Crit Rev Microbiol 2014; 42:454-73. [PMID: 25343583 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2014.959892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Plant endophytic fungi have been recognized as an important and novel resource of natural bioactive products, especially in anticancer application. This review mainly deals with the research progress on the production of anticancer compounds by endophytic fungi between 1990 and 2013. Anticancer activity is generally associated with the cytotoxicity of the compounds present in the endophytic fungi. All strains of endophytes producing antitumor chemicals were classified taxonomically and the genera of Pestalotiopsis and Aspergillus as well as the taxol producing endophytes were focused on. Classification of endophytic fungi producing antitumor compounds has received more attention from mycologists, and it can also lead to the discovery of novel compounds with antitumor activity due to phylogenetic relationships. In this review, the structures of the anticancer compounds isolated from the newly reported endophytes between 2010 and 2013 are discussed including strategies for the efficient production of the desired compounds. The purpose of this review is to provide new directions in endophytic fungi research including integrated information relating to its anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Qiao-Yan Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Min Jia
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Qian-Liang Ming
- b Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , China and
| | - Wei Yue
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- c Faculty of Science , School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Ting Han
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
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25
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Li R, Chen S, Niu S, Guo L, Yin J, Che Y. Exserolides A–F, new isocoumarin derivatives from the plant endophytic fungus Exserohilum sp. Fitoterapia 2014; 96:88-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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26
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Ding G, Wang H, Li L, Song B, Chen H, Zhang H, Liu X, Zou Z. Trichodermone, a spiro-cytochalasan with a tetracyclic nucleus (7/5/6/5) skeleton from the plant endophytic fungus Trichoderma gamsii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:164-167. [PMID: 24422592 DOI: 10.1021/np4007487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Trichodermone (1), the first spiro-cytochalasan with an unprecedented tetracyclic nucleus (7/5/6/5), together with its possible biosynthetic precursor aspochalasin D (2), was isolated from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma gamsii. Compound 2 displayed moderate inhibitory activity against HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 5.72 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development , Beijing, People's Republic of China
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27
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Apoptosis induced by desmethyl-lasiodiplodin is associated with upregulation of apoptotic genes and downregulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-3. Anticancer Drugs 2013; 24:852-61. [PMID: 23764760 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e3283635a47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the discovery of bioactive metabolites from endophytes as an alternative source of therapeutics. Identification of their therapeutic targets is essential in understanding the underlying mechanisms and enhancing the resultant therapeutic effects. As such, bioactive compounds produced by endophytic fungi from plants at the National Park, Pahang, Malaysia, were investigated. Five known compounds were identified using LC-UV-MS-NMR and they include trichodermol, 7-epi-brefeldin A, (3R,4S)-4-hydroxymellein, desmethyl-lasiodiplodin and cytochalasin D. The present study went on to investigate the potential anticancer effects of these compounds and the corresponding molecular mechanisms of the lead compound against human breast adenocarcinoma, MCF-7. For the preliminary screening, the cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects of these compounds against MCF-7 were examined. The compounds were also tested against noncarcinogenic hepatocytes (WRL68). The differential cytotoxicity was then determined using the MTT assay. Desmethyl-lasiodiplodin was found to suppress the growth of MCF-7, yielding an inhibitory concentration (IC50) that was seven-fold lower than that of the normal cells. The cytotoxic effect of desmethyl-lasiodiplodin was accompanied by apoptosis. Subsequent analysis demonstrated increased expression levels of caspase 3, c-myc and p53. Further, desmethyl-lasiodiplodin resulted in inhibition of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-3, a cytokine involved in cell survival and metastasis. Hence, this study proposed that desmethyl-lasiodiplodin inhibited growth and survival of MCF-7 through the induction of apoptosis. This anticancer effect is mediated, in part, by upregulation of apoptotic genes and downregulation of MCP-3. As desmethyl-lasiodiplodin elicited minimal impact against normal hepatocytes, our findings also imply its potential use as a specific apoptotic agent in breast cancer treatment.
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28
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Zhang Y, Hao F, Liu N, Xu Y, Jia A, Yang Z, Xia X, Liu C. Stereochemical determination of a new and cytotoxic euphane triterpenoid from the plant endophytic fungus Phomopsis chimonanthi. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2013; 66:679-82. [PMID: 23921820 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2013.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Microbiology of Shandong Province, Biotechnology Center of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
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29
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Liu L, Li Y, Li L, Cao Y, Guo L, Liu G, Che Y. Spiroketals of Pestalotiopsis fici Provide Evidence for a Biosynthetic Hypothesis Involving Diversified Diels–Alder Reaction Cascades. J Org Chem 2013; 78:2992-3000. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302804h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Cao
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Liangdong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongsheng Che
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Liu S, Guo L, Che Y, Liu L. Pestaloficiols Q–S from the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis fici. Fitoterapia 2013; 85:114-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Ding G, Chen AJ, Lan J, Zhang H, Chen X, Liu X, Zou Z. Sesquiterpenes and cyclopeptides from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma asperellum SAMUELS, LIECKF. & NIRENBERG. Chem Biodivers 2012; 9:1205-12. [PMID: 22700238 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Trichodones A-C (1-3, resp.), three new sesquiterpenes, together with the two known cyclopeptides PF1022F and halobacillin (4 and 5, resp.), have been isolated from the crude extract of the endophytic fungus Trichoderma asperellum SAMUELS, LIECKF. & NIRENBERG residing in the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Panax notoginseng (BURKILL) F.H.CHEN. The structures and configurations of compounds 1-3 were determined by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The relative configuration for 1 was determined by analysis of its pertinent coupling constants and NOESY correlations, whereas the absolute configuration of 1 was established by CD spectroscopy. Compounds 4 and 5 displayed antibacterial activities against Enterococcus faecium (CGMCC 1.2025) with IC₅₀ values of 7.30 and 5.24 μM, and against Staphylococcus aureus COL (CGMCC 1.2465) with IC₅₀ values of 19.02 and 14.00 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Yasumura R, Tanaka K, Nehira T, Hashimoto M. Structural corrections of photinides A, B and their novel derivatives. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Ding G, Wang H, Li L, Chen AJ, Chen L, Chen H, Zhang H, Liu X, Zou Z. Trichoderones A and B: Two Pentacyclic Cytochalasans from the Plant Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma gamsii. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Ding G, Qi Y, Liu S, Guo L, Chen X. Photipyrones A and B, new pyrone derivatives from the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2012; 65:271-3. [PMID: 22415458 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2012.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Li J, Wu X, Ding G, Feng Y, Jiang X, Guo L, Che Y. α-Pyrones and Pyranes from the Plant Pathogenic Fungus Pestalotiopsis scirpina. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Tang T, Liao SG, Na Z, Li Y, Xu YK. Dysoxylentin A, the first 21-nortriterpenoid bearing a 2-(propan-2-ylidenyl)furan-3(2H)-one, from Dysoxylum lenticellatum. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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37
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Cytochalasans with different amino-acid origin from the plant endophytic fungus Trichoderma gamsii. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2012; 65:143-145. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Ding G, Chen L, Chen A, Tian X, Chen X, Zhang H, Chen H, Liu XZ, Zhang Y, Zou ZM. Trichalasins C and D from the plant endophytic fungus Trichoderma gamsii. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:541-4. [PMID: 22245082 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Two new cytochalasans, trichalasins C (1) and D (2) together with known cytochalasans aspochalasins D (3), M (4) and P (5) were isolated from one endophytic fungus Trichoderma gamsii inhabiting in traditional medicinal plant Panax notoginseng (BurK.) F.H.Chen. The structures for the new compounds 1 and 2 were determined by NMR and HRESIMS, and their relative configurations were established by analysis of coupling constants and NOESY correlations. Compound 3 displaying inhibitory activity with EC₅₀ value 5.72 μM, whereas the EC₅₀ values for compounds 1, 2 and 4, 5 are more than 40 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Yang XL, Zhang JZ, Luo DQ. The taxonomy, biology and chemistry of the fungal Pestalotiopsis genus. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:622-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c2np00073c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sourcing the Fungal Endophytes: A Beneficial Transaction of Biodiversity, Bioactive Natural Products, Plant Protection and Nanotechnology. MICROORGANISMS IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [PMCID: PMC7120178 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2214-9_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Endophytes are the group of microorganisms that reside to internal and healthy tissues without causing negative symptoms to their host plant. Endophytes are extremely diverse and range from fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes. Development of drug resistance to pathogenic forms of bacteria, fungi and other microbes, emergence of lethal viruses, the perpetuating epidemics in developing and under developing countries, and multifold fungal infection, enhancement in human population globally, all shows our inability to overcome these biomedical problems. In addition to this, we are also unable to assure people towards enough food security in specific regions of the earth due to infestation of different plant diseases. Since the fungal endophytes are relatively less studied group of microbial flora, but are responsible for several prospects such as biodiversity, ecology, bioactive metabolites (metabolomics) and nanotechnology, may enable us to overcome the above mentioned problems. Fungal endophytes represent a dependable source of specific secondary metabolites and can be manipulated both physicochemically and genetically to increase yield of desired compounds and to produce novel analogues of active metabolites. In this chapter, we have discussed several bioactive compounds and classified them in to different classes as per their properties such as antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial, anticancer, antioxidants, antidiabetic and immunosuppressive agents derived from fungal endophytes with their hosts and made the chemical structures for 73 compounds using chemdraw 3D ultra version 7.0. These bioactive products are related to human health with MIC/EC/IC50 values less that 50 μg/mL. This article also discusses nematicidal, some antimicrobial volatile compounds (VOCs) that are related to plant protection and faecal disposal. Therefore, this chapter is not very specific and covers almost prospects of fungal endophytes which could be useful in biodiversity, agrochemicals, biotechnology, biomedical and nanotechnology in ecofriendly manner.
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Zhang F, Ding G, Li L, Cai X, Si Y, Guo L, Che Y. Isolation, antimicrobial activity, and absolute configuration of the furylidene tetronic acid core of pestalotic acids A–G. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:5307-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25469g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Franz JF, Fuchs PJ, Zeitler K. A versatile combined N-heterocyclic carbene and base-catalyzed multiple cascade approach for the synthesis of functionalized benzofuran-3-(2H)-ones. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Kesting JR, Olsen L, Staerk D, Tejesvi MV, Kini KR, Prakash HS, Jaroszewski JW. Production of unusual dispiro metabolites in Pestalotiopsis virgatula endophyte cultures: HPLC-SPE-NMR, electronic circular dichroism, and time-dependent density-functional computation study. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:2206-2215. [PMID: 21942847 DOI: 10.1021/np2005665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis virgatula, derived from the plant Terminalia chebula and previously found to produce a large excess of a single metabolite when grown in the minimal M1D medium, was induced to produce a variety of unusual metabolites by growing in potato dextrose broth medium. Analysis of the fermentation medium extract was performed using an HPLC-PDA-MS-SPE-NMR hyphenated system, which led to the identification of a total of eight metabolites (1-8), six of which are new. Most of the metabolites are structurally related and are derivatives of benzo[c]oxepin, rare among natural products. This includes dispiro derivatives 7 and 8 (pestalospiranes A and B), having a novel 1,9,11,18-tetraoxadispiro[6.2.6.2]octadecane skeleton. Relative and absolute configurations of the latter were determined by a combination of NOESY spectroscopy and electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy supported by time-dependent density-functional theory calculations (B3LYP/TZVP level). This work demonstrates that a largely complete structure elucidation of numerous metabolites present in a raw fermentation medium extract can be performed by the HPLC-SPE-NMR technique using only a small amount of the extract, even with unstable metabolites that are difficult to isolate by traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie R Kesting
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Phthalide derivatives with antifungal activities against the plant pathogens isolated from the liquid culture of Pestalotiopsis photiniae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 64:723-7. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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45
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Yang XL, Zhang S, Zhu HJ, Luo DQ, Gao XY. Eremophilane-Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Fermentation Broth of Plant Endophytic Fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae Isolated from the Chinese Podocarpaceae Plant Podocarpus macrophyllus. Helv Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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47
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Kharwar RN, Mishra A, Gond SK, Stierle A, Stierle D. Anticancer compounds derived from fungal endophytes: their importance and future challenges. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:1208-28. [PMID: 21455524 DOI: 10.1039/c1np00008j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra N Kharwar
- Mycopathology and Microbial Technology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Systematic Mycology & Lichenology , Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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49
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Ding G, Zhang F, Chen H, Guo L, Zou Z, Che Y. Pestaloquinols A and B, isoprenylated epoxyquinols from Pestalotiopsis sp. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:286-291. [PMID: 21302965 DOI: 10.1021/np100723t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Two new isoprenylated epoxyquinol derivatives, pestaloquinols A (2) and B (3), and their putative biosynthetic precursor, cytosporin D (1), were isolated from the crude extract of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. The structures of these compounds were elucidated primarily by NMR experiments. Pestaloquinols A (2) and B (3) possess a previously undescribed nonacyclic ring system and showed cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Yang XL, Zhang S, Zhu HJ, Luo DQ. Dihydroberkleasmin A: a new eremophilane sesquiterpenoid from the fermentation broth of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae. Molecules 2011; 16:1910-6. [PMID: 21346691 PMCID: PMC6259671 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16021910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroberkleasmin A (1), a new ester-substituted sesquiterpenoid related to the eremophilane class, together with the known compound berkleasmin C (2), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae. The structure of dihydroberkleasmin A (1) was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The stereochemistry was assigned by comparison of the NMR spectroscopic data with those of berkleasmin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (D.-Q.L.); (X.-L.Y.)
| | - Su Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hua-Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Du-Qiang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (D.-Q.L.); (X.-L.Y.)
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