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McHugh O, Ayilaran E, DeBastiani A, Jung Y. Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Black Walnut and Sycamore Syrups. Foods 2024; 13:2780. [PMID: 39272545 PMCID: PMC11395506 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Historically, tree sap has been used globally for medicinal purposes, in fermented beverages, and for syrup production. Maple tree sap is notably concentrated into syrup and is valued as a natural sweetener rich in phenolic compounds and minerals compared to refined sugar. Recently, syrups from other trees like black walnut (Juglans nigra) and sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) have gained popularity, yet their properties are not well understood scientifically. To address this gap, we collected sycamore, black walnut, and maple syrup samples and analyzed their physicochemical and functional properties. Our findings showed significant differences among the syrups in pH, browning intensity, and water activity (p < 0.05). Sycamore syrup had the highest total phenolic content, followed by black walnut and maple syrups. Both black walnut and sycamore syrups exhibited similar antioxidant activity, significantly higher than maple syrup (p < 0.05). High-resolution mass spectrometry identified 54 phenolic acids and 22 flavonoids in these syrups, including Acetylsalicylic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, and syringic acid, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, sycamore syrups and most black walnut syrups displayed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and/or Gram-negative microorganisms. This study offers insights into the properties and potential health benefits of these specialty tree syrups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia McHugh
- Agricultural & Environmental Research Station, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Elijah Ayilaran
- Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Anthony DeBastiani
- Shared Research Facilities, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Yangjin Jung
- Agricultural & Environmental Research Station, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
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2
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Maykovich T, Hardy S, Hamann MT, Cray J. Manzamine-A Alters In Vitro Calvarial Osteoclast Function. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:560-566. [PMID: 38383319 PMCID: PMC11173362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Manzamine-A is a marine-derived alkaloid that has demonstrated antimalarial and antiproliferative properties and is an emerging drug lead compound as a possible intervention in certain cancers. This compound has been found to modulate SIX1 gene expression, a target that is critical for the proliferation and survival of cells via various developmental pathways. As yet, little research has focused on manzamine-A and how its use may affect tissue systems including bone. Here we hypothesized that manzamine-A, through its interaction with SIX1, would alter precursor cells that give rise to the bone cell responsible for remodeling: the osteoclast. We further hypothesized reduced effects in differentiated osteoclasts, as these cells are generally not mitotic. We interrogated the effects of manzamine-A on preosteoclasts and osteoclasts. qrtPCR, MTS cell viability, Caspase 3/7, and TRAP staining were used as a functional assay. Preosteoclasts show responsiveness to manzamine-A treatment exhibited by decreases in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis. Osteoclasts also proved to be affected by manzamine-A but only at higher concentrations where apoptosis was increased and activation was reduced. In summary, our presented results suggest manzamine-A may have significant effects on bone development and health through multiple cell targets, previously shown in the osteoblast cell lineage, the cell responsible for mineralized tissue formation, and here in the osteoclast, the cell responsible for the removal of mineralized tissue and renewal via precipitation of bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Maykovich
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Samantha Hardy
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425-1410, United States
| | - James Cray
- Department of Biomedical Education and Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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3
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Wu XY, Zhao ZY, Osman EEA, Wang XJ, Choo YM, Benjamin MM, Xiong J, Hamann MT, Luo C, Hu JF. Platanosides from Platanus × acerifolia: New molecules, SAR, and target validation of a strong lead for drug-resistant bacterial infections and the associated sepsis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107103. [PMID: 38211549 PMCID: PMC11238254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Three undescribed (1-3) and nine known (4-12) platanosides were isolated and characterized from a bioactive extract of the May leaves of Platanus × acerifolia that initially showed inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. Targeted compound mining was guided by an LC-MS/MS-based molecular ion networking (MoIN) strategy combined with conventional isolation procedures from a unique geographic location. The novel structures were mainly determined by 2D NMR and computational (NMR/ECD calculations) methods. Compound 1 is a rare acylated kaempferol rhamnoside possessing a truxinate unit. 6 (Z,E-platanoside) and 7 (E,E-platanoside) were confirmed to have remarkable inhibitory effects against both methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MIC: ≤ 16 μg/mL) and glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium (MIC: ≤ 1 μg/mL). These platanosides were subjected to docking analyses against FabI (enoyl-ACP reductase) and PBP1/2 (penicillin binding protein), both of which are pivotal enzymes governing bacterial growth but not found in the human host. The results showed that 6 and 7 displayed superior binding affinities towards FabI and PBP2. Moreover, surface plasmon resonance studies on the interaction of 1/7 and FabI revealed that 7 has a higher affinity (KD = 1.72 μM), which further supports the above in vitro data and is thus expected to be a novel anti-antibacterial drug lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ying Wu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, PR China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ezzat E A Osman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St., Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China; Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Menny M Benjamin
- Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA
| | - Juan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA.
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA.
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4
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Moreno Cardenas C, Çiçek SS. Structure-dependent activity of plant natural products against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1234115. [PMID: 37649631 PMCID: PMC10463185 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1234115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the major causes for nosocomial infections and has been classified as "high priority pathogen" by the World Health Organization. Its ability to develop resistances has been a challenge for the last decades and is still a threat to health care systems, as strains with resistances to the so-called drugs of last resort have been discovered. Therefore, new antibiotics are urgently needed. Natural products are an important source for the development of new drugs, thereby mostly serving as lead compounds for further modification. In this review, the data on plant natural products with reported anti-MRSA activity until the end of 2022 is discussed, highlighting the most effective drugs with respect to their inhibitory concentrations as well as with regard to eventual synergistic effects with existing antibiotics. In the latter sense, the class of alkaloids must be mentioned, exhibiting additive or synergistic effects by inhibiting bacterial efflux pumps. With regard to the antibiotic activity, phloroglucinol derivatives certainly belong to the most promising compounds, revealing several candidates with remarkable effects, e.g., lupulone, ivesinol, rhodomyrtone, aspidinol, or hyperforin. Also, the class of terpenoids yielded noteworthy compounds, such as the sesquiterpene lactones parthenolide and lactopicrin as well as acetophenone sesquiterpenes and sphaerodiene type diterpenoids, respectively. In addition, pronounced effects were observed for the macrolide neurymenolide A and three flavonol dicoumaroylrhamnosides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serhat S. Çiçek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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Elshamy AI, Mohamed TA, Yoneyama T, Noji M, Ban S, Imagawa H, Efferth T, Hegazy MEF, Umeyama A. Bifusicoumarins A-D: Cytotoxic 3S-dihydroisocoumarins from the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps bifusispora (NBRC 108997). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023:113743. [PMID: 37269936 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cordyceps is a genus of ascomycete fungi with some of them being edible and/or having a long tradition in Chinese medicine. The chemical characterization of a solvent extract of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps bifusispora afforded four undescribed coumarins, bifusicoumarin A-D (1-4), along with previously reported metabolites (5-8). Structural elucidation was performed via NMR, UV and HRMS analyses, X-ray single crystal diffraction and experimental ECD. The high throughput resazurin reduction assay, that measures cell viability, indicated that 5 has a IC50 between 1 and 15 μM for several assayed tumor lines. Moreover, a protein-interaction network indicated that C. bifusispora is a promising source of additional antitumor metabolites based on SwissTargetPrediction software predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelsamed I Elshamy
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Tarik A Mohamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Tatsuro Yoneyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Masaaki Noji
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ban
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imagawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F Hegazy
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Akemi Umeyama
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
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Periferakis A, Periferakis K, Badarau IA, Petran EM, Popa DC, Caruntu A, Costache RS, Scheau C, Caruntu C, Costache DO. Kaempferol: Antimicrobial Properties, Sources, Clinical, and Traditional Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315054. [PMID: 36499380 PMCID: PMC9740324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a category of plant-derived compounds which exhibit a large number of health-related effects. One of the most well-known and studied flavonoids is kaempferol, which can be found in a wide variety of herbs and plant families. Apart from their anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory effects, kaempferol and its associated compounds also exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. The development of drugs and treatment schemes based on these compounds is becoming increasingly important in the face of emerging resistance of numerous pathogens as well as complex molecular interactions between various drug therapies. In addition, many of the kaempferol-containing plants are used in traditional systems all over the world for centuries to treat numerous conditions. Due to its variety of sources and associated compounds, some molecular mechanisms of kaempferol antimicrobial activity are well known while others are still under analysis. This paper thoroughly documents the vegetal and food sources of kaempferol as well as the most recent and significant studies regarding its antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
- Orasis Acupuncture Institute, 11526 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Madalina Petran
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Toxicology, Grigore Alexandrescu Emergency Children’s Hospital, 011743 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Delia Codruta Popa
- Department of Biochemistry, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Titu Maiorescu’ University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Simona Costache
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Clinic, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Prof. N.C. Paulescu’ National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniel Octavian Costache
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
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Essa AF, Teleb M, El-Kersh DM, El Gendy AENG, Elshamy AI, Farag MA. Natural acylated flavonoids: their chemistry and biological merits in context to molecular docking studies. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11101-022-09840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAcylated flavonoids are widely distributed natural dietary bioactives with several health attributes. A large diversity of acylated flavonoids with interesting biological potentialities were reported. Of these, 123 compounds with potential antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, analgesic and anti-complementary effects were selected from several databases. Based upon these data, the possible mechanistic evidence for their effects were reported. Generally, aromatic acyls i.e., galloyl derivatives appeared to improve efficacy through enhancement of the binding affinities to molecular targets due to plenty of donating and accepting centers. Docking simulations conducted by Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) of acylated flavonoids revealed that compound 12 is at the top of the list into the antibacterial target DNA gyrase subunit B (GyrB), from E. coli, followed by compounds 10, 4 and 23. Compounds 81, 88, 96, 92, 99, 100, 102 and 103 have the strongest binding affinities into Human matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 2 and 9 catalytic domains. Compound 103 exerted the most balanced predicted dual MMP-2/MMP-9 inhibition action. Compound 95 recorded the strongest binding affinity into metabotropic glutamate receptor (mglur1) with the lowest energy conformer. The data presented in this review suggests that these candidate acylated flavonoids ought to be considered in future drug developments especially as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.
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Bioassay-Guided Isolation of New Flavonoid Glycosides from Platanus × acerifolia Leaves and Their Staphylococcus aureus Inhibitory Effects. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175357. [PMID: 36080125 PMCID: PMC9457999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the rapid advances in drug R&D, there is still a huge need for antibacterial medications, specifically for the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Inspired by the research where a viable class of MRSA inhibitors was found in the species Platanus occidentalis, a S. aureus inhibition screening-guided phytochemical reinvestigation on Platanus × acerifolia (London plane tree) leaves were performed with four flavonoid glycosides garnered, including two new compounds, quercetin-3-O-α-l-(2″-E-p-coumaroyl-3″-Z-p-coumaroyl)-rhamnopyranoside (E,Z-3′-hydroxyplatanoside, 1) and quercetin-3-O-α-l-(2″-Z-p-coumaroyl-3″-E-p-coumaroyl)-rhamnopyranoside (Z,E-3′-hydroxyplatanoside, 2). All of the isolates showed significant S. aureus ATCC 25904 inhibitory activity with MICs ranging from 4 to 64 μg/mL, suggesting the potential of discovering drug leads for the control of S. aureus from such a rich, urban landscaping plant in the Platanus genus.
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Samuvel DJ, Nguyen NT, Jaeschke H, Lemasters JJ, Wang X, Choo YM, Hamann MT, Zhong Z. Platanosides, a Potential Botanical Drug Combination, Decrease Liver Injury Caused by Acetaminophen Overdose in Mice. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:1779-1788. [PMID: 35815804 PMCID: PMC9788857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. Platanosides (PTSs) isolated from the American sycamore tree (Platanus occidentalis) represent a potential new four-molecule botanical drug class of antibiotics active against drug-resistant infectious disease. Preliminary studies have suggested that PTSs are safe and well tolerated and have antioxidant properties. The potential utility of PTSs in decreasing APAP hepatotoxicity in mice in addition to an assessment of their potential with APAP for the control of infectious diseases along with pain and pyrexia associated with a bacterial infection was investigated. On PTS treatment in mice, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) release, hepatic centrilobular necrosis, and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were markedly decreased. In addition, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation decreased when mice overdosed with APAP were treated with PTSs. Computational studies suggested that PTSs may act as JNK-1/2 and Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors and that the isomeric mixture could provide greater efficacy than the individual molecules. Overall, PTSs represent promising botanical drugs for hepatoprotection and drug-resistant bacterial infections and are effective in protecting against APAP-related hepatotoxicity, which decreases liver necrosis and inflammation, iNOS expression, and oxidative and nitrative stresses, possibly by preventing persistent JNK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devadoss J. Samuvel
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Nga T. Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - John J. Lemasters
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People Republic of China
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mark T. Hamann
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Zhi Zhong
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Chawla M, Verma J, Gupta R, Das B. Antibiotic Potentiators Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Discovery, Development, and Clinical Relevance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:887251. [PMID: 35847117 PMCID: PMC9284026 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.887251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in clinically important microbes has emerged as an unmet challenge in global health. Extensively drug-resistant bacterial pathogens have cropped up lately defying the action of even the last resort of antibiotics. This has led to a huge burden in the health sectors and increased morbidity and mortality rate across the world. The dwindling antibiotic discovery pipeline and rampant usage of antibiotics has set the alarming bells necessitating immediate actions to combat this looming threat. Various alternatives to discovery of new antibiotics are gaining attention such as reversing the antibiotic resistance and hence reviving the arsenal of antibiotics in hand. Antibiotic resistance reversal is mainly targeted against the antibiotic resistance mechanisms, which potentiates the effective action of the antibiotic. Such compounds are referred to as resistance breakers or antibiotic adjuvants/potentiators that work in conjunction with antibiotics. Many studies have been conducted for the identification of compounds, which decrease the permeability barrier, expression of efflux pumps and the resistance encoding enzymes. Compounds targeting the stability, inheritance and dissemination of the mobile genetic elements linked with the resistance genes are also potential candidates to curb antibiotic resistance. In pursuit of such compounds various natural sources and synthetic compounds have been harnessed. The activities of a considerable number of compounds seem promising and are currently at various phases of clinical trials. This review recapitulates all the studies pertaining to the use of antibiotic potentiators for the reversal of antibiotic resistance and what the future beholds for their usage in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenal Chawla
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Division, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Jyoti Verma
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Division, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Rashi Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhabatosh Das
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Division, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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Phytocompounds as an Alternative Antimicrobial Approach in Aquaculture. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040469. [PMID: 35453220 PMCID: PMC9031819 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite culturing the fastest-growing animal in animal husbandry, fish farmers are often adversely economically affected by pathogenic disease outbreaks across the world. Although there are available solutions such as the application of antibiotics to mitigate this phenomenon, the excessive and injudicious use of antibiotics has brought with it major concerns to the community at large, mainly due to the rapid development of resistant bacteria. At present, the use of natural compounds such as phytocompounds that can be an alternative to antibiotics is being explored to address the issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). These phytocompounds are bioactive agents that can be found in many species of plants and hold much potential. In this review, we will discuss phytocompounds extracted from plants that have been evidenced to contain antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic activities. Further, it has also been found that compounds such as terpenes, phenolics, saponins and alkaloids can be beneficial to the aquaculture industry when applied. This review will focus mainly on compounds that have been identified between 2000 and 2021. It is hoped this review will shed light on promising phytocompounds that can potentially and effectively mitigate AMR.
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12
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Platanus hybrida’s Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are a threat to public health as they frequently reveal a multidrug-resistant pattern. Researchers all over the world are on an urgent hunt for new treatments to help fight infections before antibiotics become obsolete, and some natural alternatives, such as polyphenols, have already exhibited therapeutic properties. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity against MRSA of the leaf, fruit, and stem bark extracts of Platanus hybrida. The polyphenols were extracted with a water/ethanol (20:80) mixture and the methodology included HPLC-DAD, DPPH, FRAP, and CuPRAC. To address this issue from a One Health perspective, the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method was performed against nine MRSA strains from three different sources (livestock, wild animals, and humans). Fourteen phenolics were identified and the leaf extract showed the highest phenolic content, followed by the fruit extract. The leaf extract also showed the highest antioxidant capacity while the fruit extract had the lowest antioxidant capacity. Both leaf and fruit extracts inhibited the growth of strains from all sources, while the stem bark extract did not inhibit the growth of human strains. This work highlights the complex chemical composition and the antioxidative and antimicrobial potential of extracts derived from P. hydrida.
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Xing L, Chang Y, Zhang X, Hou X, Han Y, Shah M, Zhu T, Peng J, Zhang G, Che Q, Li D. Dimeric Tetracenomycin Derivatives from a Taklamakan Desert-Derived Streptomyces sp. HDN154193. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:301-305. [PMID: 34933562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bitetracenomycin A (1) and its diastereomers [(±)-bitetracenomycin B, (±)-2] were discovered from the cultures of Streptomyces sp. HDN154193. Compounds 1 and (±)-2 were the first tetracenomycin dimers obtained from a natural source with sp3 methine protons at the bridge positions (C-12/12'), which also exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The racemate (±)-2 was semisynthesized and separated into enantiomers (+)-2 and (-)-2, and the absolute configurations were determined by specific rotation and ECD data. These metabolites exhibited potent antibacterial activity especially against drug-resistant strains (MRSA and MRCNS) with MIC values ranging from 1.0 to 1.9 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xing
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Chang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Hou
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Han
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mudassir Shah
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Havellian, District Abbottabad 22010, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixing Peng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojian Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Che
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
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Gürbüz P, Doğan ŞD, Polat R. Chemical constituents of Stenotaenia macrocarpa Freyn & Sint. (Apiaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2021.104272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Role of symbiosis in the discovery of novel antibiotics. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 73:490-503. [PMID: 32499556 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-0321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has been an ongoing challenge that has emerged almost immediately after the initial discovery of antibiotics and requires the development of innovative new antibiotics and antibiotic combinations that can effectively mitigate the development of resistance. More than 35,000 people die each year from antibiotic resistant infections in just the United States. This signifies the importance of identifying other alternatives to antibiotics for which resistance has developed. Virtually, all currently used antibiotics can trace their genesis to soil derived bacteria and fungi. The bacteria and fungi involved in symbiosis is an area that still remains widely unexplored for the discovery and development of new antibiotics. This brief review focuses on the challenges and opportunities in the application of symbiotic microbes and also provides an interesting platform that links natural product chemistry with evolutionary biology and ecology.
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Carruthers NJ, Stemmer PM, Media J, Swartz K, Wang X, Aube N, Hamann MT, Valeriote F, Shaw J. The anti-MRSA compound 3-O-alpha-L-(2″,3″-di-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (KCR) inhibits protein synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus. J Proteomics 2019; 210:103539. [PMID: 31629958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) contributes to patient mortality and extended hospital stays. 3-O-alpha-L-(2″,3″-di-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (KCR) is a natural product antibiotic that is effective against MRSA but has no known mechanism of action (MOA). We used proteomics to identify the MOA for KCR. Methicillin sensitive S aureus and a mixture of four KCR stereoisomers were tested. A time-kill assay was used to choose a 4 h treatment using KCR at 5× its MIC for proteomic analysis. S aureus was treated in triplicate with KCR, oxacillin or vehicle and quantitative proteomic analysis was carried out using isobaric tags and mass spectrometry. 1190 proteins were identified and 552 were affected by KCR (q < 0.01). Ontology analysis identified 6 distinct translation-related categories that were affected by KCR (PIANO, 10% false-discovery rate) including structural constituent of ribosome, translation, rRNA binding, tRNA binding, tRNA processing and aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity. Median fold changes (KCR vs Control) for small and large ribosomal components were 1.46 and 1.43 respectively. KCR inhibited the production of luciferase protein in an in vitro assay (IC50 39.6 μg/ml). Upregulation of translation-related proteins in response to KCR indicates that KCR acts to disrupt S aureus protein synthesis. This was confirmed with an in vitro transcription/translation assay. SIGNIFICANCE: Methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) contributes to patient mortality and extended hospital stays. 3-O-alpha-L-(2″,3″-di-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (KCR) is a natural product antibiotic that is effective against MRSA but has no known mechanism of action (MOA). Using proteomic analysis we determined that KCR acts by inhibiting protein synthesis. KCR is an exciting novel antibiotic and this work represents an important step in its development towards clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Carruthers
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Wayne State University, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2309 Scott Hall, 540 E Canfield Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America.
| | - Paul M Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Joe Media
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Ken Swartz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Nicholas Aube
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Frederick Valeriote
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Jiajiu Shaw
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA; 21st Century Therapeutics, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Gatadi S, Madhavi YV, Chopra S, Nanduri S. Promising antibacterial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103252. [PMID: 31518761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rapid emergence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections has created a critical health menace universally. Resistance to all the available chemotherapeutics has been on rise which led to WHO to stratify Staphylococcus aureus as high tier priorty II pathogen. Hence, discovery and development of new antibacterial agents with new mode of action is crucial to address the multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. The egressing understanding of new antibacterials on their biological target provides opportunities for new therapeutic agents. This review underlines on various aspects of drug design, structure activity relationships (SARs) and mechanism of action of various new antibacterial agents and also covers the recent reports on new antibacterial agents with potent activity against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This review provides attention on in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities of new antibacterial agents in the point of view of drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Gatadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Y V Madhavi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Sidharth Chopra
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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Gatadi S, Gour J, Nanduri S. Natural product derived promising anti-MRSA drug leads: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3760-3774. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lamut A, Peterlin Mašič L, Kikelj D, Tomašič T. Efflux pump inhibitors of clinically relevant multidrug resistant bacteria. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2460-2504. [PMID: 31004360 DOI: 10.1002/med.21591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are an increasingly serious issue worldwide. The inability of existing therapies to treat multidrug-resistant pathogens has been recognized as an important challenge of the 21st century. Efflux pumps are important in both intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance and identification of small molecule efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), capable of restoring the effectiveness of available antibiotics, is an active research field. In the last two decades, much effort has been made to identify novel EPIs. However, none of them has so far been approved for therapeutic use. In this article, we explore different structural families of currently known EPIs for multidrug resistance efflux systems in the most extensively studied pathogens (NorA in Staphylococcus aureus, AcrAB-TolC in Escherichia coli, and MexAB-OprM in Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Both synthetic and natural compounds are described, with structure-activity relationship studies and optimization processes presented systematically for each family individually. In vitro activities against selected test strains are presented in a unifying manner for all the EPIs described, together with the most important toxicity, pharmacokinetic and in vivo efficacy data. A critical evaluation of lead-likeness characteristics and the potential for clinical development of the most promising inhibitors of the three efflux systems is described. This overview of EPIs is a good starting point for the identification of novel effective antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andraž Lamut
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lucija Peterlin Mašič
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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20
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Li T, Kongstad KT, Staerk D. Identification of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors in Machilus litseifolia by Combined Use of High-Resolution α-Glucosidase Inhibition Profiling and HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:249-258. [PMID: 30668111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic multifactorial disease affecting more than 425 million people worldwide, and new selective α-glucosidase inhibitors with fewer side effects are urgently needed. In this study, a crude ethyl acetate extract of Machilus litseifolia was fractionated by solid-phase extraction using C18 cartridges to give a fraction enriched in α-glucosidase inhibitors. Subsequent microfractionation and bioassaying of the eluate by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a complementary pentafluorophenyl column allowed construction of a high-resolution α-glucosidase inhibition profile (biochromatogram). This was used to target high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection-high-resolution mass spectrometry-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR) analysis toward α-glucosidase inhibitors. This led to the identification of 13 dicoumaroylated flavonol rhamnosides, of which seven (8, 10, 12a, 12b, 16, 17, and 18) are reported for the first time, and two lignans, of which one (5) is reported for the first time. IC50 values of isolated compounds toward α-glucosidase range from 5.9 to 35.3 μM, which is 8 to 91 times lower than the IC50 value of 266 μM measured for the reference compound acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Li
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kenneth T Kongstad
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
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21
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Setzer WN. The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E121. [PMID: 30424560 PMCID: PMC6313439 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5040121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
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Shaw J, Swartz K, Valeriote F, Media J, Chen B, Hamann MT, Wang X. Identification of the Metabolites of a Novel Anti-MRSA Compound, Kaempferol-3- O-Alpha-L-(2″,3″-di- p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (KCR), Extracted from American Sycamore. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractionation of an extract from American sycamore leaves produced the small molecule, kaempferol-3- O-alpha-L-(2″,3″-di- p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (KCR), which exists in four stereoisomeric forms ( EE, EZ, ZE, and ZZ) at the olefin in the p-coumaroyl; all four isomers exhibit potent anti-MRSA activity in vitro. As part of the preclinical development of KCR, we set out to investigate the metabolites of KCR in mouse plasma as a prelude of ADME studies and therapeutic assessment. When KCR was added to mouse plasma at 37 °C, two new HPLC peaks appeared with increasing intensity as the incubation time increased; their retention times were shorter than that of KCR indicating that KCR was metabolized to produce two compounds that were more polar. HPLC results indicated that the two metabolites mainly came from the ZE and EE isomers and that the ZZ isomer was the most stable. Based on their respective HPLC retention times and UV spectra, these two metabolites were tentatively identified as p-coumaric acid and afzelin; both of which are more polar than KCR. The molecular weights of both metabolites were then confirmed by a Waters Acquity UPLC system with a QDa mass detector. UPLC chromatograms and molecular ions of metabolites 1 and 2 match well with those of reference materials, p-coumaric acid and afzelin, thus confirming the identities of the two major metabolites of KCR. In summary, KCR was metabolized in mouse plasma and two major metabolites ( p-coumaric acid and afzelin) were identified; the metabolites were mainly converted from the ZE and EE isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajiu Shaw
- 21st Century Therapeutics, 440 Burroughs St., Suite 447, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health System, Department of Internal Medicine, 440 Burroughs St., Rm 415, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Kenneth Swartz
- 21st Century Therapeutics, 440 Burroughs St., Suite 447, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Frederick Valeriote
- Henry Ford Health System, Department of Internal Medicine, 440 Burroughs St., Rm 415, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Joseph Media
- Henry Ford Health System, Department of Internal Medicine, 440 Burroughs St., Rm 415, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Ben Chen
- 21st Century Therapeutics, 440 Burroughs St., Suite 447, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Mark T. Hamann
- Oxford Laboratories, 213 Timber Lane, Oxford, MS 38655, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Medical University of South Carolina, Drug Discovery Building, 70 President Street, MSC 139, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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23
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Güler Z, Dursun A, Özkan D. Volatile Compounds in the Leaf of Plane Tree (Platanus orientalis) with Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) Technique. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2017. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.369776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Solvent-solvent fractionations of Combretum erythrophyllum (Burch.) leave extract: Studies of their antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and cytotoxicity potentials. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:670-679. [PMID: 28870343 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the biological activities of Combretum erythrophyllum (C. erythrophyllum) leaf extracts against infectious diseases' pathogenesis and their cytotoxicity potentials. METHODS Powdered leaf material (300 g) of C. erythrophyllum was extracted (1:10 w/v) using acetone to obtain the crude extract. Liquid-liquid fractionation was performed on the crude acetone extract (30 g) using solvents of different polarity. The bioautographic method was used to detect the inhibition of bacterial and fungal growth by active compounds present in the crude and fractions. The extracts were then tested on bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; fungal strains: Candida albicans (C. albicans), Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus, by microtitre dilution method for MIC determination. RESULTS The extracts MIC values ranged between 0.08 and 2.50 mg/mL against the tested pathogens. Water fraction had the highest activity against bacteria strains, while the fungal assay revealed crude acetone extract and ethyl acetate fraction to be active against C. albicans (1.25 mg/mL), dichloromethane extract against C. albicans and A. fumigatus (0.16 mg/mL). Extract fractions showed a good antioxidant activity via DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, in the order: ethyl acetate > water > acetone > dichloromethane > hexane. The toxicity level of crude extract and fractions evaluated in Vero monkey kidney cells ranged from 34 to 223 μg/mL, while doxorubicin (IC50 = 7.19 μg/mL) served as the positive control. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that the extracts of C. erythrophyllum are safe for medicinal use in folk medicine for treating infectious and stress related diseases.
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Schrader KK, Hamann MT, McChesney JD, Rodenburg DL, Ibrahim MA. Antibacterial Activities of Metabolites from Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore) against Fish Pathogenic Bacteria. JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 2016; 6. [PMID: 27790379 PMCID: PMC5079432 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9546.1000364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
One approach to the management of common fish diseases in aquaculture is the use of antibiotic-laden feed. However, there are public concerns about the use of antibiotics in agriculture and the potential development of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Therefore, the discovery of other environmentally safe natural compounds as alternatives to antibiotics would benefit the aquaculture industries. Four natural compounds, commonly called platanosides, [kaempferol 3-O-α-L-(2″,3″-di-E-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (1), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-(2″-E-p-coumaroyl-3″-Z-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-(2″-Z-p-coumaroyl-3″-E-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (3), and kaempferol 3-O-α-L-(2″,3″-di-Z-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (4)] isolated from the leaves of the American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) tree were evaluated using a rapid bioassay for their antibacterial activities against common fish pathogenic bacteria including Flavobacterium columnare, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Streptococcus iniae. The four isomers and a mixture of all four isomers were strongly antibacterial against isolates of F. columnare and S. iniae. Against F. columnare ALM-00-173, 3 and 4 showed the strongest antibacterial activities, with 24-h 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 2.13 ± 0.11 and 2.62 ± 0.23 mg/L, respectively. Against S. iniae LA94-426, 4 had the strongest antibacterial activity, with 24-h IC50 of 1.87 ± 0.23 mg/L. Neither a mixture of the isomers nor any of the individual isomers were antibacterial against isolates of E. ictaluri and A. hydrophila at the test concentrations used in the study. Several of the isomers appear promising for the potential management of columnaris disease and streptococcosis in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K Schrader
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, National Center for Natural Products Research, Post Office Box 1848, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Departments of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA; Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - James D McChesney
- Ironstone Separations, Inc., 147 County Road 245, Etta, Mississippi 38627, USA
| | - Douglas L Rodenburg
- Ironstone Separations, Inc., 147 County Road 245, Etta, Mississippi 38627, USA
| | - Mohamed A Ibrahim
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, National Center for Natural Products Research, Post Office Box 1848, Mississippi 38677, USA; Departments of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA; Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Center, Dokki 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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Tantry MA, Irtiza S, A. Bhat G, Ahmad M, Ganaie HA, Ganai BA, Kamili AN, Akbar S. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Platanus orientalis: An Oriental Plant Endemic to Kashmir Planes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5567/pharmacologia.2016.217.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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Cai S, Risinger AL, Nair S, Peng J, Anderson TJC, Du L, Powell DR, Mooberry SL, Cichewicz RH. Identification of Compounds with Efficacy against Malaria Parasites from Common North American Plants. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:490-8. [PMID: 26722868 PMCID: PMC5558429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Some of the most valuable antimalarial compounds, including quinine and artemisinin, originated from plants. While these drugs have served important roles over many years for the treatment of malaria, drug resistance has become a widespread problem. Therefore, a critical need exists to identify new compounds that have efficacy against drug-resistant malaria strains. In the current study, extracts prepared from plants readily obtained from local sources were screened for activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Bioassay-guided fractionation was used to identify 18 compounds from five plant species. These compounds included eight lupane triterpenes (1-8), four kaempferol 3-O-rhamnosides (10-13), four kaempferol 3-O-glucosides (14-17), and the known compounds amentoflavone and knipholone. These compounds were tested for their efficacy against multi-drug-resistant malaria parasites and counterscreened against HeLa cells to measure their antimalarial selectivity. Most notably, one of the new lupane triterpenes (3) isolated from the supercritical extract of Buxus sempervirens, the common boxwood, showed activity against both drug-sensitive and -resistant malaria strains at a concentration that was 75-fold more selective for the drug-resistant malaria parasites as compared to HeLa cells. This study demonstrates that new antimalarial compounds with efficacy against drug-resistant strains can be identified from native and introduced plant species in the United States, which traditionally have received scant investigation compared to more heavily explored tropical and semitropical botanical resources from around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxin Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
- Natural Products Discovery Group, and Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - April L. Risinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States
| | - Shalini Nair
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78227, United States
| | - Jiangnan Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States
| | - Timothy J. C. Anderson
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78227, United States
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
- Natural Products Discovery Group, and Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Douglas R. Powell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Susan L. Mooberry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, United States
| | - Robert H. Cichewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
- Natural Products Discovery Group, and Institute for Natural Products Applications and Research Technologies, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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Zhang Y, Valeriote F, Swartz K, Chen B, Hamann MT, Rodenburg DL, McChesney JD, Shaw J. HPLC Plasma Assay of a Novel Anti-MRSA Compound, Kaempferol-3- O-Alpha-L-(2″,3″-di- p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside, from Sycamore Leaves. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious pathogen that is resistant to current antibiotic therapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents that can effectively combat these new strains of drug-resistant “superbugs”. Recently, fractionation of an extract from Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore) leaves produced an active kaempferol molecule, 3- O-alpha-L-(2″,3″-di- p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (KCR), in four isomeric forms; all four isomers exhibit potent anti-MRSA activity. In order to further the preclinical development of KCR as a new antibiotic class, we developed and validated a simple analytical method for assaying KCR plasma concentration. Because KCR will be developed as a new drug, although comprising four stereoisomers, the analytical method was devised to assay the total amount of all four isomers. In the present work, both a plasma processing procedure and an HPLC method have been developed and validated. Mouse plasma containing KCR was first treated with ethanol and then centrifuged. The supernatant was dried, suspended in ethanol, centrifuged, and the supernatant was injected into an HPLC system comprising a Waters C18, a mobile phase composing methanol, acetonitrile, and trifluoroacetic acid and monitored at 313 nm. The method was validated by parameters including a good linear correlation, a limit of quantification of 0.27 μg/mL, and high accuracy. In summary, this method allows a rapid analysis of KCR in the plasma samples for pharmacokinetics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguan Zhang
- Henry Ford Health System, 440 Burroughs St, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | | | - Kenneth Swartz
- Henry Ford Health System, 440 Burroughs St, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ben Chen
- 21st Century Therapeutics, 1366 Hilton Rd, Ferndale, MI 48220, USA
| | - Mark T. Hamann
- Oxford Pharmaceutical Development, Oxford, MS 38655, USA
| | | | | | - Jiajiu Shaw
- Henry Ford Health System, 440 Burroughs St, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- 21st Century Therapeutics, 1366 Hilton Rd, Ferndale, MI 48220, USA
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Zhang Y, Valeriote F, Swartz K, Chen B, Hamann MT, Rodenburg DL, McChesney JD, Shaw J. HPLC Plasma Assay of a Novel Anti-MRSA Compound, Kaempferol-3-O-Alpha-L-(2",3"-di-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside, from Sycamore Leaves. Nat Prod Commun 2015; 10:1383-1386. [PMID: 26434123 PMCID: PMC4895204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious pathogen that is resistant to current antibiotic therapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents that can effectively combat these new strains of drug-resistant "superbugs". Recently, fractionation of an extract from Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore) leaves produced an active kaempferol molecule, 3-O-alpha-L-(2",3"-di-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (KCR), in four isomeric forms; all four isomers exhibit potent anti-MRSA activity. In order to further the preclinical development of KCR as a new antibiotic class, we developed and validated a simple analytical method for assaying KCR plasma concentration. Because KCR will be developed as a new drug, although comprising four stereoisomers, the analytical method was devised to assay the total amount of all four isomers. In the present work, both a plasma processing procedure and an HPLC method have been developed and validated. Mouse plasma containing KCR was first treated with ethanol and then centrifuged. The supernatant was dried, suspended in ethanol, centrifuged, and the supernatant was injected into an HPLC system comprising a Waters C18, a mobile phase composing methanol, acetonitrile, and trifluoroacetic acid and monitored at 313 nm. The method was validated by parameters including a good linear correlation, a limit of quantification of 0.27 microg/mL, and high accuracy. In summary, this method allows a rapid analysis of KCR in the plasma samples for pharmacokinetics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguan Zhang
- Henry Ford Health System, 440 Burroughs St, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | | | - Kenneth Swartz
- Henry Ford Health System, 440 Burroughs St, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ben Chen
- 21st Century Therapeutics, 1366 Hilton Rd, Ferndale, MI 48220, USA
| | - Mark T. Hamann
- Oxford Pharmaceutical Development, Oxford, MS 38655, USA
| | | | | | - Jiajiu Shaw
- Henry Ford Health System, 440 Burroughs St, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- 21st Century Therapeutics, 1366 Hilton Rd, Ferndale, MI 48220, USA
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Synthesis, structures, spectroscopy and antimicrobial properties of complexes of copper(II) with salicylaldehyde N-substituted thiosemicarbazones and 2,2′-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 76:145-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Haider S, Nazreen S, Alam MM, Hamid H, Alam MS. Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Platanus orientalis Linn. and its ulcerogenic risk evaluation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 143:236-240. [PMID: 22771315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leaves of Platanus orientalis Linn. are used in folk medicine as a wound-healer and ophthalmologic agent. Phytol derivatives from the leaves of plane-tree show anti-ulcer activity. Its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects for knee pain were known to Persian scientists and hakims. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanolic extract of Platanus orientalis Linn. and its various fractions were given at a dose of 100mg/kg po and 200mg/kg po for testing their anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced hind paw edema. The analgesic activity of the ethanolic extract and its fractions has been carried out by tail-flick method and writhing test at a dosage of 200mg/kg po. Gastric ulceration studies have been further carried out to study the ulcerogenic risk evaluation of the ethanolic extract and its various fractions at a dose of 600mg/kg body weight. RESULTS Among the tested fractions, chloroform fraction exhibited better inhibition (68.33%) at 200mg/kg po dosage when compared to the standard drug Ibuprofen (66.66%) after 3h in the carrageenan induced hind paw edema. The ethanolic extract and all its fractions especially the chloroform (p<0.01) showed significant analgesic activity with insignificant ulceration as compared to the standard drug i.e. Ibuprofen. The histopathological study of ethanolic extract and its fractions revealed that none of them cause ulcer. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that Platanus orientalis Linn. has significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqlain Haider
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi 110062, India
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Holler JG, Christensen SB, Slotved HC, Rasmussen HB, Gúzman A, Olsen CE, Petersen B, Mølgaard P. Novel inhibitory activity of the Staphylococcus aureus NorA efflux pump by a kaempferol rhamnoside isolated from Persea lingue Nees. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67:1138-44. [PMID: 22311936 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To isolate a plant-derived compound with efflux inhibitory activity towards the NorA transporter of Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS Bioassay-guided isolation was used, with inhibition of ethidium bromide efflux via NorA as a guide. Characterization of activity was carried out using MIC determination and potentiation studies of a fluoroquinolone antibiotic in combination with the isolated compound. Everted membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli cells enriched with NorA were prepared to study efflux inhibitory activity in an isolated manner. RESULTS The ethanolic extract of Persea lingue was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation and led to the isolation of the known compound kaempferol-3-O-α-L-(2,4-bis-E-p-coumaroyl)rhamnoside (compound 1). Evaluation of the dose-response relationship of compound 1 showed that ethidium bromide efflux was inhibited, with an IC(50) value of 2 μM. The positive control, reserpine, was found to have an IC(50) value of 9 μM. Compound 1 also inhibited NorA in enriched everted membrane vesicles of E. coli. Potentiation studies revealed that compound 1 at 1.56 mg/L synergistically increased the antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin 8-fold against a NorA overexpresser, and the synergistic activity was exerted at a fourth of the concentration necessary for reserpine. Compound 1 was not found to exert a synergistic effect on ciprofloxacin against a norA deletion mutant. The 2,3-coumaroyl isomer of compound 1 has been shown previously not to cause acute toxicity in mice at 20 mg/kg/day. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that compound 1 acts through inhibition of the NorA efflux pump. Combination of compound 1 with subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin renders a wild-type more susceptible and a NorA overexpresser S. aureus susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jes Gitz Holler
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel C Veitch
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW93AB, UK.
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Hajhashemi V, Ghannadi A, Mousavi S. Antinociceptive study of extracts of Platanus orientalis leaves in mice. Res Pharm Sci 2011; 6:123-8. [PMID: 22224096 PMCID: PMC3249775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Platanus orientalis L. (Platanaceae) is a medicinal tree used in Iranian folklore and traditional medicine as a pain and inflammation reliever. In this study, the polyphenolic and total extract of P. orientalis leaves were prepared and their antinociceptive effects were studied in mice using the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and light tail flick tests. Both hydroalcoholic and polyphenolic extracts of P. orientalis at a dose of 2 g/kg significantly (P<0.05) reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal writhes. These extracts were also effective in suppression of formalin-induced pain behavior but they did not show any significant analgesia in light tail flick test. It is concluded that P. orientalis extracts have moderate analgesic effect and further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism and active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Hajhashemi
- Department of Pharmacology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran.,
Corresponding author: V. Hajhashemi, this paper is extracted from the Pharm.D thesis No. 83126 Tel. 0098 311 7922630, Fax. 0098 311 6680011
| | - A. Ghannadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
| | - S. Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
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