1
|
Lamola JL, Moshapo PT, Holzapfel CW, Makhubela BC, Christopher Maumela M. Efficient system for facile access to ortho-substituted aryl boronates through palladium-catalysed borylation. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
2
|
Jaynes TJ, Sharafi M, Campbell JP, Bocanegra J, McKay KT, Little K, Osadchey Brown R, Gray DL, Woods TJ, Li J, Schneebeli ST. Iterative Exponential Growth of Oxygen-Linked Aromatic Polymers Driven by Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions. Front Chem 2021; 9:620017. [PMID: 33996739 PMCID: PMC8113702 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.620017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents the first transition metal-free synthesis of oxygen-linked aromatic polymers by integrating iterative exponential polymer growth (IEG) with nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reactions. Our approach applies methyl sulfones as the leaving groups, which eliminate the need for a transition metal catalyst, while also providing flexibility in functionality and configuration of the building blocks used. As indicated by 1) 1H-1H NOESY NMR spectroscopy, 2) single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and 3) density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the unimolecular polymers obtained are folded by nonclassical hydrogen bonds formed between the oxygens of the electron-rich aromatic rings and the positively polarized C-H bonds of the electron-poor pyrimidine functions. Our results not only introduce a transition metal-free synthetic methodology to access precision polymers but also demonstrate how interactions between relatively small, neutral aromatic units in the polymers can be utilized as new supramolecular interaction pairs to control the folding of precision macromolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Jaynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Mona Sharafi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Joseph P. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Jessica Bocanegra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kyle T. McKay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kassondra Little
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | | | - Danielle L. Gray
- George L. Clark X-Ray Facility and 3M Materials Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Toby J. Woods
- George L. Clark X-Ray Facility and 3M Materials Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chu YH, Escobedo JO, Jiang M, Steyger PS, Strongin RM. Rhodamine analogues for molecular ruler applications. DYES AND PIGMENTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2016; 126:46-53. [PMID: 26752798 PMCID: PMC4702047 DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of geometrically well-defined cationic fluorophores were designed based on molecular mechanics. They contain biaryl linkers to impart rigidity preventing intramolecular folding between a conjugated biomolecule and fluorophore. All probes have absorption and emission maxima within 20 nm from Texas Red, as predicted by TDDFT calculations and validated experimentally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207, USA
| | - Jorge O. Escobedo
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207, USA
| | - Meiyan Jiang
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Peter S. Steyger
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Robert M. Strongin
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manabe K, Kimura T. Repetitive synthetic method for o,o,p-oligophenylenes using C-H arylation. Org Lett 2013; 15:374-7. [PMID: 23289430 DOI: 10.1021/ol303327k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic method for the preparation of o,o,p-oligophenylenes has been developed. It involves Miura's C-H arylation of 2-biphenols with aryl nonaflates as the key step. Oligophenylenes with defined lengths are successfully synthesized using this method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Manabe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lim CH, Kim SH, Park KH, Lee J, Kim JN. An efficient synthesis of poly-substituted benzene and tricyclo[3.2.1.02,7]oct-3-ene derivatives starting from Morita–Baylis–Hillman adducts. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
6
|
Chaumont C, Mobian P, Kyritsakas N, Henry M. Synthesis, topology and energy analysis of crystalline resorcinol-based oligophenylene molecules with various symmetries. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce40761f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
7
|
Chow WK, Yuen OY, Choy PY, So CM, Lau CP, Wong WT, Kwong FY. A decade advancement of transition metal-catalyzed borylation of aryl halides and sulfonates. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra22905j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
8
|
Sibrian-Vazquez M, Escobedo JO, Lowry M, Strongin RM. Progress toward red and near-infrared (NIR) emitting saccharide sensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 84:2443-2456. [PMID: 23504507 DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-11-11-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Red-shifted and near-infrared (NIR)-active rhodamine analogs and their boronic acid derivatives were synthesized and studied. These latter compounds function as fluorogenic NIR active substrates for sugar sensing. The effects of benzannulation and boronic acid functionalization on fluorophore optical and sensing properties are described.
Collapse
|
9
|
Escobedo JO, Chu YH, Wang Q, Steyger PS, Strongin RM. Live Cell Imaging of a Fluorescent Gentamicin Conjugate. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding cellular mechanisms of ototoxic and nephrotoxic drug uptake, intracellular distribution, and molecular trafficking across cellular barrier systems aids the study of potential uptake blockers that preserve sensory and renal function during critical life-saving therapy. Herein we report the design, synthesis characterization and evaluation of a fluorescent conjugate of the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin. Live cell imaging results show the potential utility of this new material. Related gentamicin conjugates studied to date quench in live kindney cells, and have been largely restricted to use in fixed (delipidated) cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge O. Escobedo
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Peter S. Steyger
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Robert M. Strongin
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rossi R, Bellina F, Lessi M. Highly selective palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura monocoupling reactions of ethene and arene derivatives bearing two or more electrophilic sites. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
11
|
Manabe K, Ohba M, Matsushima Y. A Repetitive One-Step Method for Oligoarene Synthesis Using Catalyst-Controlled Chemoselective Cross-Coupling. Org Lett 2011; 13:2436-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200676k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Manabe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Mai Ohba
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsushima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Binauld S, Damiron D, Connal LA, Hawker CJ, Drockenmuller E. Precise Synthesis of Molecularly Defined Oligomers and Polymers by Orthogonal Iterative Divergent/Convergent Approaches. Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 32:147-68. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
13
|
Diebold C, Weekes DM, Torres Navarrete M, Mobian P, Kyritsakas N, Henry M. Synthetic Approaches to Zigzag-Shaped Oligophenylene Strands Laterally Decorated with Hydroxy Functions. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
14
|
Chen J, Tanaka M, Sahoo AK, Takeda M, Yada A, Nakao Y, Hiyama T. Synthesis of Biaryls and Oligoarenes Using Aryl[2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]dimethylsilanes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2010. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20090325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
15
|
Wang C, Glorius F. Kontrollierte iterative Kreuzkupplung: auf dem Weg zur Automatisierung der organischen Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200901680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
16
|
Wang C, Glorius F. Controlled Iterative Cross-Coupling: On the Way to the Automation of Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:5240-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200901680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
17
|
Yamaguchi I, Goto K, Sato M. Synthesis of oligophenylenes containing hydroxyl group and their solvatochromic behavior. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
18
|
Noguchi H, Shioda T, Chou CM, Suginome M. Differentially Protected Benzenediboronic Acids: Divalent Cross-Coupling Modules for the Efficient Synthesis of Boron-Substituted Oligoarenes. Org Lett 2008; 10:377-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ol702420x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Noguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shioda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Michinori Suginome
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Manabe K, Ishikawa S. Oligoarenes as molecular backbones of catalysts: synthesis and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:3829-38. [DOI: 10.1039/b807779g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Nakao Y, Chen J, Tanaka M, Hiyama T. A Silicon-Based Approach to Oligoarenes by Iterative Cross-Coupling Reactions of Halogenated Organo[(2-hydroxymethyl)phenyl]dimethylsilanes. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:11694-5. [PMID: 17725358 DOI: 10.1021/ja074728s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nakao
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang WB, Jin WH, Zhou XH, Pei J. Star-shaped oligo(p-phenylene)-functionalized truxenes as blue-light-emitting materials: synthesis and the structure–property relationship. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
22
|
Noguchi H, Hojo K, Suginome M. Boron-Masking Strategy for the Selective Synthesis of Oligoarenes via Iterative Suzuki−Miyaura Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:758-9. [PMID: 17243801 DOI: 10.1021/ja067975p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyoshi Noguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ishikawa S, Manabe K. Repetitive Two-step Method for Oligoarene Synthesis through Rapid Cross-coupling of Hydroxyphenylboronic Acids and Anhydrides. CHEM LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2006.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
24
|
Ishikawa S, Manabe K. Synthetic method for multifunctionalized oligoarenes using pinacol esters of hydroxyphenylboronic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:2589-91. [PMID: 16779487 DOI: 10.1039/b603574d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic method for multifunctionalized oligoarenes using rapid Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of pinacol esters of hydroxyphenylboronic acids and subsequent triflation of the hydroxy group was developed.
Collapse
|
25
|
Chi C, Im C, Enkelmann V, Ziegler A, Lieser G, Wegner G. Monodisperse Oligofluorenes with Keto Defect as Models to Investigate the Origin of Green Emission From Polyfluorenes: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Photophysical Properties. Chemistry 2005; 11:6833-45. [PMID: 16134202 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Oligofluorenes (a trimer, pentamer, and heptamer) with one fluorenone unit in the center (OFnK: n=3, 5, or 7) were synthesized and used as models to understand the origin of the low-energy emission band in the photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectra of some polyfluorenes. All compounds form glasses with T(g) at 30 degrees C (OF3 K), 50 degrees C (OF5 K) and 57 degrees C (OF7 K). Oligomers OF5 K and OF7 K exhibit smectic liquid crystal phases that undergo transition to isotropic melts at 107 and 205 degrees C, respectively. Oligomer OF5 K could be obtained in form of single crystals. The X-ray structure analysis revealed the helical nature of the molecule and a helix reversal defect located at the central fluorenone unit. The packing pattern precludes formation of excimers. Electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The ionization potential (I(p)) and electron affinity (E(a)) were calculated from these data. Studies of the photophysical properties of OFnK in solution and thin film by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic measurements suggest efficient funneling of excitation energy from the photoexcited fluorene segments to the low-energy fluorenone sites by both intra- and intermolecular hopping events whereby they give rise to green emission. Intermolecular energy transfer was investigated by using a model system composed of a highly defect free polyfluorene PF2/6 doped by OFnK. Förster-type energy transfer takes place from PF2/6 to OFnK. The energy-transfer efficiency increases predictably with increasing concentration of OFnK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chi
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xu T, Lu R, Jin M, Qiu X, Xue P, Bao C, Zhao Y. Facile synthesis of novel monodisperse linear 3,9-linked oligocarbazoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
27
|
Ishiyama T, Miyaura N. Metal-catalyzed reactions of diborons for synthesis of organoboron compounds. CHEM REC 2004; 3:271-80. [PMID: 14762827 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.10068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed borylation of alkenes, alkynes, arenes, and organic halides with B-B or H-B compounds has been developed for the synthesis of organoboron compounds from simple organic substrates. The platinum(0)-catalyzed addition of bis(pinacolato)diboron to alkenes and alkynes provided a method for the stereoselective synthesis of cis-bis(boryl)alkanes or cis-bis(boryl)alkenes. The addition of diboron to 1,3-dienes with platinum(0) complexes provided a new access to cis-1,4-bis(boryl)-2-butene derivatives, which are versatile reagents for diastereoselective allylboration of carbonyl compounds. The first one-step procedure for the syntheses of aryl-, vinyl-, and allylboronates was achieved via crosscoupling reactions of diborons with aryl and 1-alkenyl halides or triflates and allyl acetates. Direct C-H borylation of arenes catalyzed by a transition metal complex was studied as an economical protocol for the synthesis of a variety of arylboron derivatives. Ir-catalyzed C-H borylation of arenes, heteroarenes, and benzylic positions of alkylarenes by bis(pinacolato)diboron or pinacolborane furnished aryl-, heteroaryl-, and benzylboron compounds. This article discusses the mechanisms of these reactions and their synthetic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Ishiyama
- Division of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sakai N, Matile S. Synthetic multifunctional pores: lessons from rigid-rod β-barrels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2003:2514-23. [PMID: 14594261 DOI: 10.1039/b303649a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this account, studies on synthetic multifunctional pores formed by rigid-rod beta-barrels are summarized comprehensively. The first section outlines the evolution of synthetic multifunctional pores from the introduction of rigid-rod molecules in bioorganic chemistry and the discovery of synthetic beta-barrels in comparison with pertinent developments in related areas of research. Design strategies to position active sites at the inner surface of rigid-rod beta-barrel pores are described in the second section. The third section focuses on the characteristics of transmembrane barrel-stave pores, emphasizing the dynamic nature of supramolecular oligomers with the aid of notional phase and energy diagrams. Section four introduces multifunctionality with the use of synthetic pores as hosts of a rich collection of guests, reaching from inorganic cations to organic macromolecules like peptides, oligonucleotides, polysaccharides and polyacetylenes. In section five, practical applicability of molecular recognition by synthetic multifunctional pores is documented with non-invasive fluorometric enzyme sensing. The application of host-guest chemistry within synthetic pores to couple molecular recognition and translocation with molecular transformation is the topic of section six. The last section mentions some perspectives and challenges with synthetic multifunctional pores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Deng X, Mayeux A, Cai C. An efficient convergent synthesis of novel anisotropic adsorbates based on nanometer-sized and tripod-shaped oligophenylenes end-capped with triallylsilyl groups. J Org Chem 2002; 67:5279-83. [PMID: 12126416 DOI: 10.1021/jo0257750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This article describes an efficient and convergent synthesis of a novel tripod-shaped oligophenylene compound. The compound consists of three oligophenylene heptamers as the tripod legs and one bromophenyl group as the functional arm, joining at a tetrahedron silicon atom. Each tripod leg is end-capped with a triallylsilyl group for covalently anchoring the molecules on hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces via hydrosilylation. The compound may represent a new type of anisotropic adsorbates for controlling the orientation of and spacing between functional groups in organic thin films and nanostructures grown on silicon surfaces. An oligophenylene hexamer end-capped with a triallylsilyl group and a pinacol arylboronate group was readily derived from diiodoterphenyl with a bromophenyl boronic acid by selective Suzuki coupling. Reaction conditions for highly selective Suzuki coupling of sterically hindered pinacol boronate with aryl iodide in the presence of multiple ethenyl groups for the competing Heck reaction were developed. Under the optimal conditions (Pd(PPh3)4/KOH/Bu4NBr/toluene/H2O, 85 degrees C, overnight), p-bromophenyl-tris(p-iodo-phenyl)silane reacted with 3 equiv of the hexaphenylene boronate to provide the tripod-shaped oligophenylene, composed of 22 phenylene and 9 allyl groups, in 78% yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Deng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
McDonald FE, Smolentsev V. Synthesis of monodisperse oligo-p-phenylenes via rhodium-catalyzed alkyne cyclotrimerization. Org Lett 2002; 4:745-8. [PMID: 11869117 DOI: 10.1021/ol0171970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] A novel synthesis of monodisperse oligo-p-phenylenes is described that features alkyne cyclotrimerization of ether-linked p-dialkynylarenes. This route introduces solubilizing dihydrofuran and alcohol functional groups that may improve processing of the corresponding polymeric p-phenylene materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank E McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Pierce Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sordé N, Matile S. α-Helix recognition by rigid-rod β-barrel ion channels with internal arginine-histidine dyads in polarized bilayer membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-7862(03)00073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|