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Rungta P, Kumar M, Mangla P, Kumar S, Prasad AK. Chemo-enzymatic access to C-4′-hydroxyl-tetrahydrofurano-spironucleosides. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03253k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The biocatalytic synthesis of C-4′-hydroxyl-tetrahydrofurano-spironucleosides where the tetrahydrofuranospirocyclic ring at C-4′ position locks the furanose ring of nucleosides in the NE-conformation (C4′-exo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Rungta
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
| | - Priyanka Mangla
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
| | - Ashok K. Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi
- India
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2
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Kumar R, Kumar M, Kumar V, Kumar A, Haque N, Kumar R, Prasad AK. Recent progress in the synthesis of C-4′-spironucleosides and its future perspectives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1803914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, R.D.S. College, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Motilal Nehru College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, L. S. College, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India
| | - Arbind Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, L. S. College, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India
| | - Navedul Haque
- University Department of Chemistry, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India
| | - Ram Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, R.D.S. College, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India
| | - Ashok K. Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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3
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Kumar M, Sharma VK, Kumar R, Prasad AK. Biocatalytic route to C-3'-azido/-hydroxy-C-4'-spiro-oxetanoribonucleosides. Carbohydr Res 2015; 417:19-26. [PMID: 26386197 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The lipase, Novozyme(®)-435, exclusively deacetylates the 5-O-acetyl over 4-C-acetyloxymethyl group of almost identical reactivity in 5-O-acetyl-4-C-acetyloxymethyl-3-azido-3-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-ribofuranose that led to the development of first and efficient synthesis of 3'-azido-/3'-amino-C-4'-spiro-oxetanoribonucleosides T, U, C and A in 20-24% overall yields. The X-ray study on the compound obtained by tosylation of lipase-mediated monodeacetylated product unambiguously confirmed the point of diastereoselective monodeacetylation on diacetoxy-azido-ribofuranose derivative. The capability of Novozyme(®)-435 for selective deacylation of 5-O-acetyl group in 5-O-acetyl-4-C-acetyloxymethyl-3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-ribofuranose recently discovered by us has been successfully used for the synthesis of C-4'-spiro-oxetanoribonucleosides A and C in good yields. These results clearly indicate that the broader substrate specificity and highly selective capability of Novozyme(®)-435 for carrying out acetylation/deacetylation reactions can be utilized for the development of environment friendly selective methodologies in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Vivek K Sharma
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India; Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Ashok K Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
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4
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Meščić A, Glavač D, Osmanović A, Završnik D, Cetina M, Makuc D, Plavec J, Ametamey SM, Raić-Malić S. N-alkylated and O-alkylated regioisomers of 5-(hydroxyalkyl)pyrimidines: Synthesis and structural study. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Lebreton J, Escudier JM, Arzel L, Len C. Synthesis of Bicyclonucleosides Having a C−C Bridge. Chem Rev 2010; 110:3371-418. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800465j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Lebreton
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR-CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France, Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie des Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique - UMR-CNRS 5068, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Organique Minérale, EA 4297, Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable, 1 allée du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster,
| | - Jean-Marc Escudier
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR-CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France, Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie des Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique - UMR-CNRS 5068, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Organique Minérale, EA 4297, Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable, 1 allée du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster,
| | - Laurence Arzel
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR-CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France, Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie des Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique - UMR-CNRS 5068, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Organique Minérale, EA 4297, Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable, 1 allée du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster,
| | - Christophe Len
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR-CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France, Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physicochimie des Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique - UMR-CNRS 5068, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Organique Minérale, EA 4297, Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable, 1 allée du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster,
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Rapp M, Cai X, Xu W, Dolbier WR, Wnuk SF. Reactions of Trimethylsilyl Fluorosulfonyldifluoroacetate with Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleosides. J Fluor Chem 2009; 130:321-328. [PMID: 20160856 PMCID: PMC2663956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Difluorocarbene, generated from trimethylsilyl fluorosulfonyldifluoroacetate (TFDA), reacts with the uridine and adenosine substrates preferentially at the enolizable amide moiety of the uracil ring and the 6-amino group of the purine ring. 2',3'-Di-O-acetyl-3'-deoxy-3'-methyleneuridine reacts with TFDA to produce 4-O-difluoromethyl product derived from an insertion of difluorocarbene into the 4-hydroxyl group of the enolizable uracil ring. Reaction of the difluorocarbene with the adenosine substrates having the unprotected 6-amino group in the purine ring produced the 6-N-difluoromethyl derivative, while reaction with 6-N-benzoyl protected adenosine analogues gave the difluoromethyl ether product derived from the insertion of difluorocarbene into the enol form of the 6-benzamido group. Treatment of the 6-N-phthaloyl protected adenosine analogues with TFDA resulted in the unexpected one-pot conversion of the imidazole ring of the purine into the corresponding N-difluoromethylthiourea derivatives. Treatment of the suitably protected pyrimidine and purine nucleosides bearing an exomethylene group at carbons 2', 3' or 4' of the sugar rings with TFDA afforded the corresponding spirodifluorocyclopropyl analogues but in low yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rapp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - Xiaohong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | | | - Stanislaw F. Wnuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
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7
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Yeom HS, Yoon SJ, Shin S. Au(I)-catalyzed tandem [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement–cycloisomerization cascade as a route to spirocyclic furans. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Formation of spiro ketolactones versus alkoxy radical fragmentation-promoted three-atom ring enlarged lactones from cyclic ketones. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Sahabuddin S, Roy A, Drew MGB, Roy BG, Achari B, Mandal SB. Sequential Ring-Closing Metathesis and Nitrone Cycloaddition on Glucose-Derived Substrates: A Divergent Approach to Analogues of Spiroannulated Carbanucleosides and Conformationally Locked Nucleosides. J Org Chem 2006; 71:5980-92. [PMID: 16872180 DOI: 10.1021/jo0606554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The carbohydrate-derived substrate 3-C-allyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-allofuranose was judiciously manipulated for preparing suitable synthons, which could be converted to a variety of isoxazolidino-spirocycles and -tricycles through the application of ring-closing metathesis (RCM) and intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition (INC) reactions. Cleavage of the isoxazolidine rings of some of these derivatives by transfer hydrogenolysis followed by coupling of the generated amino functionalities with 5-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine furnished the corresponding chloropyrimidine nucleosides, which were elaborated to spiroannulated carbanucleosides and conformationally locked bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane/oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane nucleosides. However, use of higher temperature for the cyclization of one of the chloropyrimidines led to the dimethylaminopurine analogue as a sole product, formed via nucleophilic displacement of the chloro group by dimethylamine generated from DMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Sahabuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
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10
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Roy A, Achari B, Mandal SB. An easy access to spiroannulated glyco-oxetane, -thietane and -azetane rings: synthesis of spironucleosides. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.03.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Singh P, Paul K. A practical approach for spiro- and 5-monoalkylated barbituric acids. J Heterocycl Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570430313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Ludek OR, Balzarini J, Meier C. Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of Carbocyclic 3′-Azidothymidine (AZT) Analogues and TheircycloSal-Phosphate Triesters. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Paquette LA, Dong S. Stereoselective Synthesis of β-Anomeric 4‘-Thiaspirocyclic Ribonucleosides Carrying the Full Complement of RNA-Level Hydroxyl Substitution. J Org Chem 2005; 70:5655-64. [PMID: 15989350 DOI: 10.1021/jo0506985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Stereoselective syntheses of a group of 4'-thiaspirocyclic ribonucleosides featuring both pyrimidine and purine classes and both possible configurations at C-5' are described. Use is made of the Pummerer reaction of substrates carrying an alpha-oriented 2,4-dimethoxybenzoyloxy substituent at C-2 in order to gain reliable stereocontrol via neighboring group participation. Irrespective of the S or R configuration of the pivotal sulfoxide intermediates, the nucleobase is captured from the beta-face. The competing process is formation of unsaturated sulfoxides, presumably via competing E2-type elimination. Although differences in reactivity between the two stereoisomeric series were noted, the common route has successfully given rise for the first time to desirable beta-anomeric sulfur-containing spiroribonucleosides with minimum formation of the alpha-anomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A Paquette
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Dong S, Paquette LA. Stereoselective Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained 2‘-Deoxy-4‘-thia β-Anomeric Spirocyclic Nucleosides Featuring Either Hydroxyl Configuration at C5‘. J Org Chem 2005; 70:1580-96. [PMID: 15730276 DOI: 10.1021/jo048071u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective approach to 2'-deoxy-4'-thia spirocyclic nucleosides featuring an alpha- or beta-hydroxyl substituent at C-5' of the carbocyclic ring is detailed. The starting point is the mandelate acetal 8. The overall strategy involves the stereocontrolled dihydroxylation of this dihydrothiophene, subsequent generation of the keto acetonide 12 followed by its Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction and beta-elimination, protection of the resulting dihydroxy thiaglycal, electrophilic glycosidation according to the Haraguchi protocol, reductive removal of the phenylseleno group, and end-game global deprotection. Acquisition of the alpha- and beta-5'-isomers is equally facile. Various 1D and 2D NMR techniques are used for assigning configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhi Dong
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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15
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Hartung R, Paquette LA. Practical Synthesis of Enantiopure Spiro[4.4]nonane C-(2‘-Deoxy)ribonucleosides. J Org Chem 2005; 70:1597-604. [PMID: 15730277 DOI: 10.1021/jo0480601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The levorotatory diol 7 has been sequentially monosilylated, dehydrated, and oxidized at the allylic methylene group to provide (+)-12. The enantiomeric dextrorotatory diol 7 has been directed down a different sequence of steps involving monosilylation, dehydration, hydroboration, Swern oxidation, and regioselective introduction of a conjugated double bond to generate (-)-33. The novel feature of these transformations is that two key deoxycarbospironucleoside intermediates of the proper absolute configuration have been made available from enantiomerically related precursors. Also reported is a highly practical and reliable means for the formation of novel 2'-deoxyribonucleosides of novel structural type from these spirocyclic cyclopentenones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hartung
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Paquette LA, Seekamp CK, Kahane AL, Hilmey DG, Gallucci J. Stereochemical Features of Lewis Acid-Promoted Glycosidations Involving 4‘-Spiroannulated DNA Building Blocks. J Org Chem 2004; 69:7442-7. [PMID: 15497968 DOI: 10.1021/jo048904g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tin tetrachloride-catalyzed glycosidation of persilylated nucleobases with acetate donor 6 in CH(2)Cl(2) solution followed by deprotection gave rise very predominantly to alpha-spironucleosides. These stereochemical assignments stem from the determination of NOE interactions and an X-ray crystallographic analysis of the latter product. Computational studies revealed that these results are consistent with the fact that the C5' substituent shields the beta-face of the oxonium ion involved in the coupling reaction while the C3' substituent is projected away from the alpha-underside. Attack from the more open direction is therefore kinetically favored. Entirely comparable calculations suggested that donor 19 should behave comparably. Experimentation involving this donor gave results consistent with this model although more equitable alpha/beta spironucleoside product ratios were seen when acetonitrile was employed as the reaction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A Paquette
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Singha K, Roy A, Dutta PK, Tripathi S, Sahabuddin S, Achari B, Mandal SB. Intramolecular Nitrone Cycloaddition Reaction on Carbohydrate-Based Precursors: Application in the Synthesis of Spironucleosides and Spirobisnucleosides. J Org Chem 2004; 69:6507-10. [PMID: 15357621 DOI: 10.1021/jo035813v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple synthesis of chiral spironucleosides and spirobisnucleosides is described. Intramolecular 1,3-dipolar nitrone cycloaddition reaction of d-glucose-derived precursors having olefin at C-3 and nitrone at C-5, C-1, or C-2 (in nor-series) furnished bisisoxazolidinospirocycles 4-7, 11, and 12 in good yields. Reductive ring opening of the isoxazolidine moieties in 4-6 followed by construction of a nucleoside base upon the generated amino groups smoothly yielded spirobisnucleosides 17 and 18 and spironucleosides 20 and 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Singha
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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18
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Paquette LA, Kahane AL, Seekamp CK. Conformationally Constrained Purine Mimics. Incorporation of Adenine and Guanine into Spirocyclic Nucleosides. J Org Chem 2004; 69:5555-62. [PMID: 15307723 DOI: 10.1021/jo049413z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Directed syntheses of spirocyclic nucleosides featuring adenine and guanine as the nucleobases have been successfully developed. The key starting materials are the enantiomerically pure spiro lactones 4, 15, and 28, which have proven amenable to conversion to anomeric mixtures of chloro sugars. The latter can enter into glycosidation by SN2 displacement with the sodium salts of 6-chloropurine or 2-amino-6-chloropurine. In the saturated series, the chromatographic separation of 18 from 19 was possible. Where 33 and 34 are concerned, their relatively rapid rate of epimerization precluded this. Mimics 35-37 resisted isolation as pure anomers. The configurational assignments are based on the thermal interconversions and supporting MM3 steric energy calculations. Added corroboration was gained from a crystallographic analysis of 8. Although removal of the TBS protecting groups in all late-stage guanine intermediates proved to be problematical, the pair of hydroxyl groups in 37 could be introduced by proper recourse to the oxidation of 36 with ruthenium tetraoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A Paquette
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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19
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Babu BR, Keinicke L, Petersen M, Nielsen C, Wengel J. 2'-Spiro ribo- and arabinonucleosides: synthesis, molecular modelling and incorporation into oligodeoxynucleotides. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 1:3514-26. [PMID: 14599012 DOI: 10.1039/b306354b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized four conformationally restricted bicyclic 2'-spiro nucleosides via 2'-C-allyl nucleosides as key intermediates. The ribo-configured 2'-spironucleosides 9b and 14b were obtained by a convergent strategy starting from 2-ketofuranose 1 whereas the arabino-configured 2'-spironucleosides 21 and 27 were obtained by a linear strategy with a 2'-ketouridine derivative as starting material. The furanose ring of 9b/14b adopts N-type conformations whereas the furanose ring of 21/27 exists as an N<==>S equilibrium. These compounds showed no anti-HIV-1 activity or cytotoxicity. Incorporation of the four 2'-spironucleosides (as monomers X4 and X5) into oligodeoxynucleotides was accomplished using the phosphoramidite approach on an automated DNA synthesizer. Irrespective of monomeric configuration, hybridization studies revealed that these 2'-spironucleotide monomers (X4 and X5) induce decreased duplex thermostabilities compared with the corresponding DNA:DNA and DNA:RNA duplexes. Molecular modelling indicated that steric constraints are a possible reason for the lowered binding affinities of the modified oligodeoxynucleotides towards complementary single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA complements.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ravindra Babu
- Nucleic Acid Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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20
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Paquette LA, Seekamp CK, Kahane AL. Conformational Restriction of Nucleosides by Spirocyclic Annulation at C4‘ Including Synthesis of the Complementary Dideoxy and Didehydrodideoxy Analogues. J Org Chem 2003; 68:8614-24. [PMID: 14575494 DOI: 10.1021/jo0301954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The concept of spirocyclic restriction, when generically applied to nucleoside mimics, allows for the preparation of diastereomeric pairs carrying either a syn- or anti-oriented hydroxyl at C-5'. Reported herein are convenient synthetic routes to enantiomerically pure 1-oxaspiro[4.4]nonanes featuring fully dihydroxylated end products as well as congeners having dideoxy and didehydrodideoxy substitution patterns. Notable use is made of the capacity for introducing unsaturation in the furanose sector via phenylsulfenylation and the incorporation of uracil and thymine by way of their silylated derivatives under catalysis with stannic chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A Paquette
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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21
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Paquette LA, Fabris F, Gallou F, Dong S. C4‘-Spiroalkylated Nucleosides Having Sulfur Incorporated at the Apex Position. J Org Chem 2003; 68:8625-34. [PMID: 14575495 DOI: 10.1021/jo030196w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methodology based on the concept of thionium ion-initiated pinacolic ring expansion has been developed for accessing C4'-spirocyclic thionucleosides. The readily available racemic ketones 6 and 37 are conveniently resolved via their acetals with (R)-mandelic acid. Subsequent reactions beginning with utilization of the Pummerer rearrangement lend themselves to functionalization of the spirocyclic core and ultimately incorporation of the nucleosidic bases. Limitations to this strategy are pointed out. Acquisition of the alpha- and beta-isomers at C4' is equally facile. Absolute configurational assignments have been made possible by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A Paquette
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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22
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Eipert M, Maichle-Mössmer C, Maier ME. Use of epoxidation and epoxide opening reactions for the synthesis of highly functionalized 1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-2-ones and related compounds. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Paju A, Kanger T, Niitsoo O, Pehk T, Müürisepp AM, Lopp M. Asymmetric oxidation of 3-alkyl-1,2-cyclopentanediones. Part 3: Oxidative ring cleavage of 3-hydroxyethyl-1,2-cyclopentanediones: synthesis of α-hydroxy-γ-lactone acids and spiro-γ-dilactones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(03)00452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Paquette LA, Hartung RE, France DJ. Conversion of the enantiomers of spiro[4.4]nonane-1,6-diol into both epimeric carbaspironucleosides having natural C1' absolute configuration. Org Lett 2003; 5:869-71. [PMID: 12633093 DOI: 10.1021/ol0340033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The enantiomers of spiro[4.4]nonane-1,6-diol have been transformed by different reaction pathways into the two possible carbaspironucleoside epimers with natural C1' absolute stereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A Paquette
- Department of Chemistry, Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Michaut M, Santelli M, Parrain JL. Diastereoselective ruthenium-catalysed cycloisomerisation of diallyllactones: preparation of exo-methylene spirolactones. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)00144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Paquette LA, Owen DR, Bibart RT, Seekamp CK. Spirocyclic restriction of nucleosides. An analysis of protecting group feasibility while accessing prototype anti-1-oxaspiro[4.4]nonanyl mimics. Org Lett 2001; 3:4043-5. [PMID: 11735580 DOI: 10.1021/ol010212g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The first spirocyclic nucleoside featuring a beta-hydroxyl (anti) at C5' has yielded to synthesis. While the OMOM functionality proved to be sensitive to the conditions necessary to incorporate heterocyclic bases, PMB protection of the carbinol was readily accommodated. The remarkably similar minimum-energy conformations of the title compounds relative to natural thymidine as deduced by Amber calculations in the gas phase are noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Paquette
- Evans Chemical Laboratories, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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