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Highly diastereoselective boron and titanium mediated aldol reactions of a mannitol derived 2,3-butanediacetal ethyl ketone. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Total synthesis of (−)-codonopsinine via regioselective and diastereoselective amination using chlorosulfonyl isocyanate. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Gibson SM, Lanigan RM, Benhamou L, Aliev AE, Sheppard TD. A lactate-derived chiral aldehyde for determining the enantiopurity of enantioenriched primary amines. Org Biomol Chem 2015. [PMID: 26219531 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01398d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we describe the use of a chiral aldehyde derived from lactate esters for determining the enantiopurity of primary amines, via the formation of diastereomeric imines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laure Benhamou
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
| | - Abil E. Aliev
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London
- UK
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4
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Neomacrophorin I, II, and III, novel drimenyl cyclohexanes with hydroxylated butanoates from Trichoderma sp. 1212-03. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Tan J, Akakura M, Yamamoto H. The supersilyl group as a carboxylic acid protecting group: application to highly stereoselective aldol and Mannich reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7198-202. [PMID: 23720352 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Tan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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6
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Tan J, Akakura M, Yamamoto H. The Supersilyl Group as a Carboxylic Acid Protecting Group: Application to Highly Stereoselective Aldol and Mannich Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Fukui Y, Oda S, Suzuki H, Hakogi T, Yamada D, Takagi Y, Aoyama Y, Kitamura H, Ogawa M, Kikuchi J. Process Optimization of Aldol-Type Reaction by Process Understanding Using in Situ IR. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op300186p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fukui
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oda
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Hakogi
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Yohei Takagi
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Yasunori Aoyama
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kitamura
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Ogawa
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Junko Kikuchi
- Chemical R&D Center, CMC Development Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
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8
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Urabe D, Todoroki H, Masuda K, Inoue M. Total syntheses of four possible stereoisomers of resolvin E3. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Penso M, Foschi F, Pellegrino S, Testa A, Gelmi ML. Diastereoselective Protocols for the Synthesis of 2,3-trans- and 2,3-cis-6-Methoxy-morpholine-2-carboxylic Acid Derivatives. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3454-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300221y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Penso
- CNR−Institute of Molecular Science and Technology (ISTM), Milano,
Italy
| | - Francesca Foschi
- CNR−Institute of Molecular Science and Technology (ISTM), Milano,
Italy
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISMAB−Sezione
di Chimica
Organica “A. Marchesini”, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Testa
- DISMAB−Sezione
di Chimica
Organica “A. Marchesini”, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- DISMAB−Sezione
di Chimica
Organica “A. Marchesini”, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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10
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Schmidt T, Kirschning A. Totalsynthese von Carolacton, einem hochwirksamen Inhibitor von Biofilmen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Schmidt T, Kirschning A. Total synthesis of carolacton, a highly potent biofilm inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:1063-6. [PMID: 22162345 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Zntrum für Biomolekulare Wirkstoffe (BMWZ), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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12
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Hencken CP, Genna DT, Siegler MA, Posner GH. Highly stereocontrolled and regiocontrolled syntheses of 2,3,4-trisubstituted alkanoates and lactones. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5149-55. [PMID: 21563766 DOI: 10.1021/jo200795f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New chlorodiols (±)-3 and (±)-5 are densely functionalized and versatile synthons. They are converted in one step on a gram scale into 2-chlorolactones (±)-6 and (±)-7 and into 4-hydroxy glycidate esters (±)-9 and (±)-10. The 4-hydroxy glycidate esters (±)-9 and (±)-10 are converted stereospecifically and regiospecifically into oxazolines (±)-13 and (±)-14 and into cyclic carbamates (±)-18-(±)-20. The 4-hydroxy glycidate ester (±)-10 undergoes stereocontrolled and regiocontrolled epoxide opening by sodium azide to form the 2-azido-3,4-dihydroxy alkanoate (±)-21. Finally, chlorodiol (±)-5 reacts stereospecifically with silver triflate to form the 2,3-dihydroxyfuranone (±)-26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Hencken
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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13
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Gassa F, Contini A, Fontana G, Pellegrino S, Gelmi ML. A Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of α-Hydroxy-β-amino Acid Derivatives via a Lewis Acid Catalyzed Three-Component Condensation Reaction. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7099-106. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1011762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Gassa
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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14
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15
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Carter CF, Baxendale IR, Pavey JBJ, Ley SV. The continuous flow synthesis of butane-2,3-diacetal protected building blocks using microreactors. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1588-95. [DOI: 10.1039/b924309g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Synthesis and diastereoselective Diels–Alder reactions of homochiral C2-symmetric butane-1,2-diacetal-based 1,3-dienes. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Bridgwood KL, Tzschucke CC, O’Brien M, Wittrock S, Goodman JM, Davies JE, Logan AWJ, Hüttl MRM, Ley SV. Enantiopure 2-Substituted Glyceraldehyde Derivatives by Aza-Claisen Rearrangement or C-Alkylation of Enamines. Org Lett 2008; 10:4537-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8018242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew O’Brien
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Sven Wittrock
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | | | - John E. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | | | | | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
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18
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Zhao Y, Mitra AW, Hoveyda AH, Snapper ML. Kinetic resolution of 1,2-diols through highly site- and enantioselective catalytic silylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 46:8471-4. [PMID: 17899619 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
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19
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Lence E, Castedo L, González-Bello C. The conformational rigidity of butane-1,2-diacetals as a powerful synthetic tool. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1689-708. [DOI: 10.1039/b717902b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Abella CA, Rezende P, Lino de Souza MF, Coelho F. Ozonolysis of Morita–Baylis–Hillman adducts originated from aromatic aldehydes: an expeditious diastereoselective approach for the preparation of α,β-dihydroxy-esters. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.10.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Kinetic Resolution of 1,2-Diols through Highly Site- and Enantioselective Catalytic Silylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Ley SV, Sheppard TD, Myers RM, Chorghade MS. Chiral Glycolate Equivalents for the Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Hydroxycarbonyl Compounds. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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23
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Sa-ei K, Montgomery J. Highly diastereoselective preparation of anti-1,2-diols by catalytic addition of alkynylsilanes to alpha-silyloxyaldehydes. Org Lett 2007; 8:4441-3. [PMID: 16986920 PMCID: PMC2720632 DOI: 10.1021/ol061579u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic, diastereoselective coupling of alpha-silyloxy aldehydes and alkynylsilanes catalyzed by a nickel(0) N-heterocyclic carbene complex provides an effective entry to anti-1,2-diols. The scope of couplings and extent of diastereoselection are excellent across a range of substrates.
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24
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Abstract
1,2-Diacetals are readily prepared, rigid structural motifs that provide a wide range of opportunities for applications in natural product assembly. These uses encompass selective 1,2-diol or alpha-hydroxy acid protection, enantiotopic recognition and desymmetrization methods, chiral memory applications, and reactivity control in oligosaccharide synthesis, as well as functioning as templating components, chiral auxiliaries, and building blocks. 1,2-Diacetals are often more stable and lead to products with enhanced crystallinity compared to their five-ring acetonide counterparts. Many 1,2-diacetals have favorable NMR parameters, which facilitate structural assignment, particularly during asymmetric reaction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, U.K.
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25
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Stereoselective syntheses of γ-alkyl (aryl)-α,β-dihydroxy-γ-butyrolactones and naturally occurring lipid guggultetrol. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Ley SV, Dixon DJ, Guy RT, Rodríguez F, Sheppard TD. Michael, Michael-aldol and Michael-Michael reactions of enolate equivalents of butane-2,3-diacetal protected glycolic acid derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:4095-107. [PMID: 16267589 DOI: 10.1039/b512410g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Consecutive coupling reactions of butane-2,3-diacetal protected glycolic acid derivatives with Michael acceptors and aldehydes are reported. An enantiopure sample of this building block was used to kinetically resolve a chiral Michael acceptor present as a racemic mixture of enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UKCB2 1EW.
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27
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Harding CI, Dixon DJ, Ley SV. The preparation and alkylation of a butanedione-derived chiral glycine equivalent and its use for the synthesis of α-amino acids and α,α-disubstituted amino acids. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Ley SV, Dixon DJ, Guy RT, Palomero MA, Polara A, Rodriguez F, Sheppard TD. Studies on the generation of enolate anions from butane-2,3-diacetal protected glycolic acid derivatives and subsequent highly diastereoselective coupling reactions with aldehydes and acid chlorides. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 2:3618-27. [PMID: 15592620 DOI: 10.1039/b412790k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly diastereoselective coupling reactions of enolates derived from butane-2,3-diacetal protected glycolic acids 1 and 2 and their alkylated derivatives with aldehydes are reported together with their efficient acid-catalysed deprotection to yield enantiopure anti-2,3-dihydroxyesters. A procedure to provide the corresponding syn-2,3-dihydroxyesters is also described in two cases, proceeding via an acylation-reduction sequence. An usual double addition reaction of butane-2,3-diacetal protected glycolic acid to small aliphatic acid chlorides provides a synthetically useful, densely-functionalised lactone after acidic deprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 1EW.
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29
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Ley SV, Diez E, Dixon DJ, Guy RT, Michel P, Nattrass GL, Sheppard TD. Preparation of enantiopure butane-2,3-diacetals of glycolic acid and alkylation reactions leading to α-hydroxyacid and amide derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 2:3608-17. [PMID: 15592619 DOI: 10.1039/b412788a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of butane-2,3-diacetal protected glycolic acid and related systems is described together with highly selective alkylation reactions of (R,R) and (S,S) butanediacetal protected glycolic acid. These compounds are readily deprotected to give enantiopure alpha-hydroxyacids, alpha-hydroxyesters or alpha-hydroxyamides by suitable choice of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven V Ley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 1EW.
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30
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Denissova I, Barriault L. Stereoselective formation of quaternary carbon centers and related functions. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 460] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Murga J, Falomir E, González F, Carda M, Marco J. Influence of the protecting groups on the syn/anti stereoselectivity of boron aldol additions with erythrulose derivatives. A theoretical and experimental study. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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32
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Andrus MB, Mendenhall KG, Meredith EL, Soma Sekhar B. Glycolate aldol reactions with boron enolates of bis-4-methoxyphenyl dioxanone. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)00152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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Dixon DJ, Ley SV, Rodríguez F. Highly diastereoselective Michael addition reactions of butane-2,3-diacetal desymmetrized glycolic acid. Preparation of alpha-hydroxy-gamma-amino acid derivatives. Org Lett 2001; 3:3753-5. [PMID: 11700130 DOI: 10.1021/ol016708f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction--see text] The butane-2,3-diacetal (BDA) desymmetrized glycolic acid building block undergoes efficient and highly diastereoselective lithium enolate Michael additions to alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones, lactones, and nitro olefins. Subsequent deprotection of these Michael adducts gives alpha-hydroxy acids in very high yield. Hydrogenation of the nitro group in some of the adducts leads to gamma-lactams, which can be easily converted into alpha-hydroxy-gamma-amino acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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