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Borthakur I, Maji M, Joshi A, Kundu S. Reductive Alkylation of Azides and Nitroarenes with Alcohols: A Selective Route to Mono- and Dialkylated Amines. J Org Chem 2021; 87:628-643. [PMID: 34898200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrated an efficient protocol for reductive alkylation of azides/nitro compounds via a borrowing hydrogen (BH) method. By following this protocol, selective mono- and dialkylated amines were obtained under mild and solvent-free conditions. A series of control experiments and deuterium-labeling experiments were performed to understand this catalytic process. Mechanistic studies suggested that the Ir(III)-H was the active intermediate in this reaction. KIE study revealed that the breaking of the C-H bond of alcohol might be the rate-limiting step. Notably, this solvent-free strategy disclosed a high TON of around 5600. Based on kinetic studies and control experiments, a metal-ligand cooperative mechanism was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Borthakur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - Milan Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - Abhisek Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
| | - Sabuj Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), India
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2
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Çetinkaya Y, Maraş A, Göksu S. Insight into the intramolecular interactions of trans-2-azidocycloalk-3-en-1-ols and trans-2-azidocycloalk-3-en-1-yl acetates: A theoretical study. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Tjeng AA, Handore KL, Batey RA. Stereocontrolled Microwave-Assisted Domino [3,3]-Sigmatropic Reactions: A Winstein-Overman Rearrangement for the Formation of Differentiated Contiguous C-N Bonds. Org Lett 2020; 22:3050-3055. [PMID: 32223252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A domino [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement sequence employing a sequential reversible allylic azide rearrangement followed by an irreversible Overman reaction provides a new route to the formation of two contiguous C-N bonds. The reaction occurs in a stereocontrolled fashion in two steps from readily available alkenyl epoxides via initial azide anion ring opening of the epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy A Tjeng
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Kishor L Handore
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Robert A Batey
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
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4
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Carlson AS, Topczewski JJ. Allylic azides: synthesis, reactivity, and the Winstein rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4406-4429. [PMID: 30969292 PMCID: PMC6530792 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03178a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organic azides are useful synthetic intermediates, which demonstrate broad reactivity. Unlike most organic azides, allylic azides can spontaneously rearrange to form a mixture of isomers. This rearrangement has been named the Winstein rearrangement. Using allylic azides can result in low yields and azide racemization in some synthetic contexts due to the Winstein rearrangement. Effort has been made to understand the mechanism of the Winstein rearrangement and to take advantage of this process. Several guiding principles can be used to identify which azides will produce a mixture of isomers and which will resist rearrangement. Selective reaction conditions can be used to differentiate the azide isomers in a dynamic manner. This review covers all aspects of allylic azides including their synthesis, their reactivity, the mechanism of the Winstein rearrangement, and reactions that can selectively elaborate an azide isomer. This review covers the literature from Winstein's initial report to early 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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5
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Porter MR, Shaker RM, Calcanas C, Topczewski JJ. Stereoselective Dynamic Cyclization of Allylic Azides: Synthesis of Tetralins, Chromanes, and Tetrahydroquinolines. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1211-1214. [PMID: 29303567 PMCID: PMC5989720 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the stereoselective synthesis of 3-azido-tetralins, -chromanes, and -tetrahydroquinolines via a tandem allylic azide rearrangement/Friedel-Crafts alkylation. Exposure of allylic azides with a pendant trichloroacetimidate to catalytic quantities of AgSbF6 proved optimal for this transformation. This cascade successfully differentiates the equilibrating azide isomers, providing products in excellent yield and selectivity (>25 examples, up to 94% yield and >25:1 dr). In many cases, the reactive isomer is only a trace fraction of the equilibrium mixture, keenly illustrating the dynamic nature of these systems. We demonstrate the utility of this process via a synthesis of hasubanan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Porter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rami M. Shaker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Cristian Calcanas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Joseph J. Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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6
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Kang HY, Kang YK. Allylic Azide Rearrangements Investigated by Density Functional Theory Calculations. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Young Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk, 28644 Korea
| | - Young Kee Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk, 28644 Korea
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7
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Packard MH, Cox JH, Suding VP, Topczewski JJ. The Effect of Proximal Functionality on the Allylic Azide Equilibrium. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary H. Packard
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 55455 Minneapolis MN USA
| | - James H. Cox
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 55455 Minneapolis MN USA
| | - Victoria P. Suding
- Department of Chemistry; University of Minnesota; 55455 Minneapolis MN USA
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8
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Ott AA, Goshey CS, Topczewski JJ. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Allylic Azides via Asymmetric Dihydroxylation. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7737-7740. [PMID: 28574252 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic enantioselective preparation of densely functionalized amines is a fundamental synthetic challenge. To address this challenge, we report for the first time that the Winstein rearrangement can be enlisted as the racemization pathway in a dynamic kinetic resolution of allylic azides. Alkene functionalization by Sharpless dihydroxylation affords tertiary azides in excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99:1 er). This approach establishes the chirality of the tertiary azide, obviates the need to directly forge either a congested C-N or C-C bond at the new nitrogenous stereocenter, and establishes additional functionality. Several examples demonstrate further elaboration of this functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Ott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Charles S Goshey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Joseph J Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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9
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Humpl M, Tauchman J, Topolovčan N, Kretschmer J, Hessler F, Císařová I, Kotora M, Veselý J. Stereoselective Synthesis of Ezetimibe via Cross-Metathesis of Homoallylalcohols and α-Methylidene-β-Lactams. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7692-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Humpl
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tauchman
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Topolovčan
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kretschmer
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Hessler
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kotora
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Veselý
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic
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10
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Lee SJ, Yang HW, Han TH, Yoon CM. Synthesis of Aryl-( E)-2-(azidomethyl)alkenoate and Aryl-( Z)-2-(azidomethyl)acrylonitrile from Aryl Aldehydes and Activated Alkenes via One-Pot Way. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Jin Lee
- Department of Advanced Material Chemistry; Korea University; Sejong-si, 339-770 South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Yang
- Department of Advanced Material Chemistry; Korea University; Sejong-si, 339-770 South Korea
| | - Tae-Hwi Han
- Department of Advanced Material Chemistry; Korea University; Sejong-si, 339-770 South Korea
| | - Cheol Min Yoon
- Department of Advanced Material Chemistry; Korea University; Sejong-si, 339-770 South Korea
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11
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Vale JR, Siopa F, Branco PS, Afonso CAM. Ring Opening of 6-Azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-en-2-ols in Water under Mild Conditions. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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12
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Vekariya RH, Liu R, Aubé J. A concomitant allylic azide rearrangement/intramolecular azide-alkyne cycloaddition sequence. Org Lett 2014; 16:1844-7. [PMID: 24635056 PMCID: PMC3993870 DOI: 10.1021/ol500011f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
![]()
An intramolecular Huisgen cycloaddition
of an interconverting set
of isomeric allylic azides with alkynes affords substituted triazoles
in high yield. The stereoisomeric vinyl-substituted triazoloxazines
formed depend on the rate of cycloaddition of the different allylic
azide precursors when the reaction is carried out under thermal conditions.
In contrast, dimerized macrocyclic products were obtained when the
reaction was done using copper(I)-catalyzed conditions, demonstrating
the ability to control the reaction products through changing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh H Vekariya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas , Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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13
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Ketenes as Privileged Synthons in the Syntheses of Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 1. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800170-7.00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Boyd DR, Sharma ND, Belhocine T, Malone JF, McGregor ST, Atchison J, McIntyre PAB, Stevenson PJ. Reactions of nitrogen nucleophiles with enantiopure cyclohexenyl electrophiles: a stereo- and regio- selective study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek R. Boyd
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
| | - Narain D. Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
| | - Tayeb Belhocine
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
| | - John F. Malone
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
| | - Stuart T. McGregor
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
| | - Jordan Atchison
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
| | - Peter A. B. McIntyre
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
| | - Paul J. Stevenson
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Belfast BT9 5AG UK
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15
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Liu R, Gutierrez O, Tantillo DJ, Aubé J. Stereocontrol in a combined allylic azide rearrangement and intramolecular Schmidt reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6528-31. [PMID: 22490078 DOI: 10.1021/ja300369c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pre-equilibration of an interconverting set of isomeric allylic azides is coupled with an intramolecular Schmidt reaction to afford substituted lactams stereoselectively. The effect of substitution and a preliminary mechanistic study are reported. The synthetic potential of this method is demonstrated in the context of an enantioselective synthesis of an advanced intermediate leading toward pinnaic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzhang Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, University of Kansas, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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16
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Watanabe D, Koura M, Saito A, Yanai H, Nakamura Y, Okada M, Sato A, Taguchi T. Copper mediated defluorinative allylic alkylation of difluorohomoallyl alcohol derivatives directed to an efficient synthetic method for (Z)-fluoroalkene dipeptide isosteres. J Fluor Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Surendra Reddy P, Ravi V, Sreedhar B. Efficient synthesis of allylic azides and one-pot regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles from homoallyl alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal K. Banik
- Dept. Chemistry, University of Texas-Pan American, W. University Drive 1201, Edinburg, 78539 USA
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19
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20
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Benfatti F, Bottoni A, Cardillo G, Fabbroni S, Gentilucci L, Stenta M, Tolomelli A. The Cycloaddition Reaction Between α-Bromo Vinylketenes and Imines: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. Adv Synth Catal 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Lauzon S, Tremblay F, Gagnon D, Godbout C, Chabot C, Mercier-Shanks C, Perreault S, DeSève H, Spino C. Sterically Biased 3,3-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Chiral Allylic Azides: Application to the Total Syntheses of Alkaloids. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6239-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800817p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lauzon
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - François Tremblay
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - David Gagnon
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - Cédrickx Godbout
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - Christine Chabot
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - Catherine Mercier-Shanks
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - Stéphane Perreault
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - Hélène DeSève
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
| | - Claude Spino
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Chimie, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1K 2R1
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22
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Benfatti F, Cardillo G, Gentilucci L, Mosconi E, Tolomelli A. Synthesis of Dehydro-β-amino esters via Highly Regioselective Amination of Allylic Carbonates. Org Lett 2008; 10:2425-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8006919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fides Benfatti
- Department of Chemistry ”G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cardillo
- Department of Chemistry ”G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Gentilucci
- Department of Chemistry ”G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Mosconi
- Department of Chemistry ”G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tolomelli
- Department of Chemistry ”G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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23
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Yang Y, Xiang D, Zhao X, Liang Y, Huang J, Dong D. Efficient synthesis of α-alkylidene-β-lactams via NaOH-promoted intramolecular aza-Michael addition of α-carbamoyl ketene-S,S-acetals in aqueous media. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Norizuki Y, Komano K, Sato I, Hirama M. Internal amide-triggered cycloaromatization of maduropeptin-like nine-membered enediyne. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5372-4. [DOI: 10.1039/b811355f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Klepper F, Jahn EM, Hickmann V, Carell T. Synthese des tRNA-Nucleosids Queuosin unter Verwendung eines chiralen Allylazid-Intermediats. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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Klepper F, Jahn EM, Hickmann V, Carell T. Synthesis of the Transfer-RNA Nucleoside Queuosine by Using a Chiral Allyl Azide Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:2325-7. [PMID: 17310487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Klepper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Münich, Germany
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27
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Fast and efficient preparation of Baylis–Hillman-derived (E)-allylic azides and related compounds in aqueous medium. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Benfatti F, Cardillo G, Gentilucci L, Perciaccante R, Tolomelli A, Catapano A. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Azido- and Aziridino-hydroxyl-β-lactams through Stereo- and Regioselective Epoxide Ring Opening. J Org Chem 2006; 71:9229-32. [PMID: 17109554 DOI: 10.1021/jo0615652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two new classes of azido- and aziridino-hydroxyl-beta-lactam containing structures have been prepared by means of a stereo- and regioselective epoxide ring opening. The straightforwardness of the procedure makes this strategy useful for the synthesis of potentially bioactive compounds. Some selected examples showed promising activity in acyl CoA-cholesterol acyltransferase inhibition assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fides Benfatti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Bräse S, Gil C, Knepper K, Zimmermann V. Organic azides: an exploding diversity of a unique class of compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:5188-240. [PMID: 16100733 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200400657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1626] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of organic azides by Peter Griess more than 140 years ago, numerous syntheses of these energy-rich molecules have been developed. In more recent times in particular, completely new perspectives have been developed for their use in peptide chemistry, combinatorial chemistry, and heterocyclic synthesis. Organic azides have assumed an important position at the interface between chemistry, biology, medicine, and materials science. In this Review, the fundamental characteristics of azide chemistry and current developments are presented. The focus will be placed on cycloadditions (Huisgen reaction), aza ylide chemistry, and the synthesis of heterocycles. Further reactions such as the aza-Wittig reaction, the Sundberg rearrangement, the Staudinger ligation, the Boyer and Boyer-Aubé rearrangements, the Curtius rearrangement, the Schmidt rearrangement, and the Hemetsberger rearrangement bear witness to the versatility of modern azide chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bräse
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Karlsruhe TH, Germany.
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30
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Rearrangement of allylic azide and phenylthio groups of 3′-azido- or 3′-phenylthio-4′,5′-didehydro-5′-deoxyarabinofuranosyluridines. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gagnon D, Lauzon S, Godbout C, Spino C. Sterically Biased 3,3-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Azides: Efficient Preparation of Nonracemic α-Amino Acids and Heterocycles. Org Lett 2005; 7:4769-71. [PMID: 16209531 DOI: 10.1021/ol052034n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Homochiral alpha-amino acids, heterocycles, and carbocycles are efficiently constructed via a short sequence of reactions starting from the chiral auxiliary p-menthane-3-carboxaldehyde. The key feature of the sequence is a highly selective tandem Mitsunobu/3,3-sigmatropic rearrangement of hydrazoic acid that procures enantiomerically enriched allylic azides. The sequence is either terminated by oxidative cleavage to provide amino acids or by ring-closing metathesis to provide heterocycles or carbocycles bearing nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gagnon
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1K 2R1
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Bräse S, Gil C, Knepper K, Zimmermann V. Organische Azide - explodierende Vielfalt bei einer einzigartigen Substanzklasse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200400657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nakamura Y, Okada M, Sato A, Horikawa H, Koura M, Saito A, Taguchi T. Stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-fluoroalkenes directed to peptide isosteres: copper mediated reaction of trialkylaluminum with 4,4-difluoro-5-hydroxyallylic alcohol derivatives. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cardillo G, Fabbroni S, Gentilucci L, Perciaccante R, Tolomelli A. Highly Regio- and Diastereoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution. Synthesis of 3-(2-Aminobutylidene)- 4-arylazetidin-2-ones. Adv Synth Catal 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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