1
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Borup RM, Ree N, Jensen JH. pKalculator: A p K a predictor for C-H bonds. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1614-1622. [PMID: 39076289 PMCID: PMC11285060 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining the pK a values of various C-H sites in organic molecules offers valuable insights for synthetic chemists in predicting reaction sites. As molecular complexity increases, this task becomes more challenging. This paper introduces pKalculator, a quantum chemistry (QM)-based workflow for automatic computations of C-H pK a values, which is used to generate a training dataset for a machine learning (ML) model. The QM workflow is benchmarked against 695 experimentally determined C-H pK a values in DMSO. The ML model is trained on a diverse dataset of 775 molecules with 3910 C-H sites. Our ML model predicts C-H pK a values with a mean absolute error (MAE) and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 1.24 and 2.15 pK a units, respectively. Furthermore, we employ our model on 1043 pK a-dependent reactions (aldol, Claisen, and Michael) and successfully indicate the reaction sites with a Matthew's correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.82.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus M Borup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Ree
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Jan H Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
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2
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Jänner S, Isak D, Li Y, Houk KN, Miller AK. Bioinspired Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Emeriones A–C**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205878. [PMID: 35670768 PMCID: PMC9401028 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report asymmetric bioinspired total syntheses of the fungal metabolites emeriones A–C via stereoselective oxidations of two bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene diastereomers. The central bicyclic scaffolds are prepared in an 8π/6π electrocyclization cascade of a stereodefined pentaene, which contains the fully assembled side chains of the emeriones. The anti‐aldol side chain is made using a Paterson‐aldol addition, and the epoxide of the dioxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane side chain via ring‐closure onto an oxidized acetal. Our work has enabled the structural revision of emerione C, and resulted in the synthesis of a “missing” family member, which we call emerione D. DFT calculations identified two methyl groups that govern torquoselectivity in the 8π/6π cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Jänner
- Cancer Drug Development Group German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Daniel Isak
- Cancer Drug Development Group German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Yuli Li
- Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Aubry K. Miller
- Cancer Drug Development Group German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
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3
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Jänner S, Isak D, Li Y, Houk KN, Miller AK. Bioinspired Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Emeriones A–C. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Jänner
- German Cancer Research Centre: Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Cancer Drug Development GERMANY
| | - Daniel Isak
- German Cancer Research Centre: Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Cancer Drug Development GERMANY
| | - Yuli Li
- Tianjin University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - K. N. Houk
- UCLA: University of California Los Angeles Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Aubry Kern Miller
- German Cancer Research Center: Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Cancer Drug Development Im Neuenheimer Feld 280 69120 Heidelberg GERMANY
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4
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Patel HD, Fallon T. Two Steps to Bicyclo[4.2.0]octadienes from Cyclooctatetraene: Total Synthesis of Kingianic Acid A. Org Lett 2022; 24:2276-2281. [PMID: 35293754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic approaches to bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene natural products frequently employ the synthesis of linear tetraenes to initiate a biosynthetic 8π/6π-electrocyclization cascade. This work forges a functionalized bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene in two steps from cyclooctatetraene. The versatility of this method is demonstrated through natural product synthesis, including the first total synthesis of kingianic acid A and formal syntheses of kingianins A, D, and F and cryptobeilic acid D ethyl ester. The unexpected formation of an E,E,Z,E-tetraene byproduct is rationalized through density functional theory modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshal D Patel
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 (Australia)
| | - Thomas Fallon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 (Australia)
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5
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Yahiaoui O, Almass A, Fallon T. Total synthesis of endiandric acid J and beilcyclone A from cyclooctatetraene. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9421-9425. [PMID: 34094208 PMCID: PMC8161681 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03073b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The endiandric acids are classic targets in natural product synthesis. The spectacular 8π/6π-electrocylisation/intramolecular Diels-Alder (8π/6π/IMDA) reaction cascade at the heart of their biosynthesis has inspired practitioners and students of pericyclic chemistry for nearly forty years. All previous synthetic approaches have sought to prepare a linear tetraene and thereby initiate the cascade. In this communication we demonstrate the use of cyclooctatetraene to rapidly intercept the 8π/6π/IMDA cascade at the cyclooctatriene stage. Endiandric acid J and beilcyclone A are prepared for the first time in six and five steps, respectively. The strategy features a tactical overall anti-vicinal difunctionalisation of cyclooctatetraene through SN2' alkylation of cyclooctatetraene oxide followed by an intriguing tandem Claisen rearrangement/6π-electrocyclisation from the corresponding vinyl ether. This rapidly constructs an advanced bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene aldehyde intermediate. Olefinations and intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloadditions complete the syntheses. This establishes a short and efficient new path to the endiandric acid natural products. DFT modelling predicts thermal racemisation of bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene intermediates, dashing hopes of enantioselective synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Yahiaoui
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | - Adrian Almass
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | - Thomas Fallon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
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6
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Lee V. Application of copper(i) salt and fluoride promoted Stille coupling reactions in the synthesis of bioactive molecules. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:9095-9123. [PMID: 31596305 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01602c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Stille coupling between organostannanes and organohalides is an effective catalytic method for organic synthesis. Despite the ample amount of published results in this area, finding the optimal conditions for this transformation is often not straightforward. It was observed that this reaction could be accelerated with improved efficiency by the addition of a Cu(i) salt and fluoride. This review summarises the application of this simple protocol in the synthesis of natural products, their analogues and other biologically active molecules, from 2004 to 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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7
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Burkhardt I, Dickschat JS. Synthesis and Absolute Configuration of Natural 2-Pyrones. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Immo Burkhardt
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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8
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Lam HC, Pepper HP, Sumby CJ, George JH. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of (±)‐Verrubenzospirolactone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiu C. Lam
- Department of Chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | - Henry P. Pepper
- Department of Chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | | | - Jonathan H. George
- Department of Chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
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9
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Lam HC, Pepper HP, Sumby CJ, George JH. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of (±)‐Verrubenzospirolactone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8532-8535. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiu C. Lam
- Department of Chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | - Henry P. Pepper
- Department of Chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | | | - Jonathan H. George
- Department of Chemistry University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
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10
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Yaremenko IA, Vil’ VA, Demchuk DV, Terent’ev AO. Rearrangements of organic peroxides and related processes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:1647-748. [PMID: 27559418 PMCID: PMC4979652 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is the first to collate and summarize main data on named and unnamed rearrangement reactions of peroxides. It should be noted, that in the chemistry of peroxides two types of processes are considered under the term rearrangements. These are conventional rearrangements occurring with the retention of the molecular weight and transformations of one of the peroxide moieties after O-O-bond cleavage. Detailed information about the Baeyer-Villiger, Criegee, Hock, Kornblum-DeLaMare, Dakin, Elbs, Schenck, Smith, Wieland, and Story reactions is given. Unnamed rearrangements of organic peroxides and related processes are also analyzed. The rearrangements and related processes of important natural and synthetic peroxides are discussed separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A Yaremenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vera A Vil’
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Demchuk
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander O Terent’ev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini A. Ghogare
- Department
of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department
of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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12
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Shang H, Liu J, Bao R, Cao Y, Zhao K, Xiao C, Zhou B, Hu L, Tang Y. Biomimetic Synthesis: Discovery of Xanthanolide Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:14494-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Shang H, Liu J, Bao R, Cao Y, Zhao K, Xiao C, Zhou B, Hu L, Tang Y. Biomimetic Synthesis: Discovery of Xanthanolide Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Patel A, Houk KN. Terminal substituent effects on the reactivity, thermodynamics, and stereoselectivity of the 8π-6π electrocyclization cascades of 1,3,5,7-tetraenes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11370-7. [PMID: 25358094 PMCID: PMC4260667 DOI: 10.1021/jo5015728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) computations are reported for the 8π-6π electrocyclization cascades of 1,3,5,7-tetraenes. The rate-determining step for these cascades is typically the second (6π) ring closure. According to experiment and theory, un- and monosubstituted tetraenes readily undergo 8π electrocyclic ring closure to form 1,3,5-cyclooctatrienes; however, the 6π electrocyclizations of these cyclooctatriene intermediates are slow and reversible, and mixtures of monocyclic and bicyclic products are formed. Computations indicate that di- and trisubstituted tetraenes undergo facile but less exergonic 8π electrocyclization due to a steric clash that destabilizes the 1,3,5-cyclooctatriene intermediates. Relief of this steric clash ensures the subsequent 6π ring closures of these intermediates are both kinetically facile and thermodynamically favorable, and only the bicyclic products are observed for the cascade reactions of naturally occurring tri- and tetrasubstituted tetraenes (in agreement with computations). The 6π electrocyclization step of these cascade electrocyclizations is also potentially diastereoselective, and di- and trisubstituted tetraenes often undergo cascade reactions with high diastereoselectivities. The exo mode of ring closure is favored for these 6π electrocyclizations due to a steric interaction that destabilizes the endo transition state. Thus, theory explains both the recalcitrance of the unsubstituted 1,3,5,7-octatetraene and 1-substituted tetraenes toward formation of the bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-diene products, as well as the ease and the stereoselectivity with which terminal di- and trisubstituted tetraenes are known to react biosynthetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashay Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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15
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Abstract
Important biomimetic steps in natural product synthesis have been promoted by transition metals, as exemplified by this beautiful ruthenium-catalyzed rearrangement of an endoperoxide into elysiapyrone A. Such reactions are supposed to occur during the biosynthesis, yet under different catalysis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Wen Li
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Unité “Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes” (UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN)
- 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bastien Nay
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Unité “Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes” (UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN)
- 75005 Paris, France
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16
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Singh V, Islam SN, Mali J. Molecular diversity from aromatics. A tandem oxidative dearomatization, cycloaddition and reactivity modulation in excited states: synthesis of tricyclo[5.3.1.01,5]undecanes and bicyclo[4.2.0]octanes from common precursors. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Charpenay M, Boudhar A, Hulot C, Blond G, Suffert J. Expeditious cascade reactions: controlled syntheses of fenestradienes and cyclooctatrienes under palladium catalysis. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Samala R, Patro B, Basu MK, Kameswara Rao N, Mukkanti K. Facile total synthesis of gymnoconjugatin A and B. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Webster R, Gaspar B, Mayer P, Trauner D. Studies toward the Biomimetic Total Synthesis of (−)-PF-1018. Org Lett 2013; 15:1866-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol400508s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Webster
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Boris Gaspar
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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20
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21
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Drew SL, Lawrence AL, Sherburn MS. Total Synthesis of Kingianins A, D, and F. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4221-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201210084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Kim K, Lauher JW, Parker KA. Asymmetric induction in 8π electrocyclizations. Design of a removable chiral auxiliary. Org Lett 2012; 14:138-41. [PMID: 22146007 PMCID: PMC3320032 DOI: 10.1021/ol202932x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pseudo C(2) symmetric trans diphenyl oxazoline group acts as an effective chiral auxiliary in the 8π, 6π tandem electrocyclization of a substituted tetraene 1-carboxylic acid. Assignment of absolute stereochemistry to the [4.2.0] bicyclooctadiene product supports a model in which both s-cis and s-trans conformations favor the transition states with the same helical twist. This assignment prefaces the development of analogs of SNF4435 C and D. These natural products demonstrate activity as androgen receptor antagonists and as multidrug resistance (mdr) reversal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keunsoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11733
| | - Joseph W. Lauher
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11733
| | - Kathlyn A. Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11733
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23
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Peng Y, Li WZ. cine
Substitution and the Cu Effect in Stille Cross‐Coupling Reactions: Mechanistic Perspectives and Synthetic Utility. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wei‐Dong Z. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐22‐23494613
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24
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Grange R, Gallen M, Schill H, Johns J, Dong L, Parsons P, Reddell P, Gordon V, Bernhardt P, Williams C. [4+2] Cycloaddition Reactions Between 1,8-Disubstituted Cyclooctatetraenes and Diazo Dienophiles: Stereoelectronic Effects, Anticancer Properties and Application to the Synthesis of 7,8-Substituted Bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-2,4-dienes. Chemistry 2010; 16:8894-903. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Burks HE, Kliman LT, Morken JP. Asymmetric 1,4-dihydroxylation of 1,3-dienes by catalytic enantioselective diboration. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:9134-5. [PMID: 19505078 DOI: 10.1021/ja809610h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric 1,4-dihydroxylations of 1,3-dienes, and other transformations, are initiated by the Pt-catalyzed enantioselective addition of bis(pinacolato)diboron (B(2)(pin)(2)) to conjugated dienes. The studies reported in this communication suggest that both cyclic and acyclic substrates will participate in this reaction; however, dienes which are unable to adopt the S-cis conformation are unreactive. For most substrates, 1,4-addition is the predominant pathway. In addition to oxidation to the derived 2-buten-1,4-diol, stereoselective carbonyl allylation with the intermediate bis(boronate) ester is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Burks
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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26
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Hulot C, Amiri S, Blond G, Schreiner PR, Suffert J. Understanding the Torquoselectivity in 8π-Electrocyclic Cascade Reactions: Synthesis of Fenestradienes versus Cyclooctatrienes. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:13387-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ja903914r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hulot
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7200 CNRS/UDS), 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch/Strasbourg, France, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Shadi Amiri
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7200 CNRS/UDS), 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch/Strasbourg, France, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gaëlle Blond
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7200 CNRS/UDS), 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch/Strasbourg, France, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7200 CNRS/UDS), 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch/Strasbourg, France, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jean Suffert
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg (UMR 7200 CNRS/UDS), 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch/Strasbourg, France, and Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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27
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Sharma P, Lygo B, Lewis W, Moses JE. Biomimetic synthesis and structural reassignment of the tridachiahydropyrones. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:5966-72. [PMID: 19341238 DOI: 10.1021/ja900369z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The biomimetic synthesis and structural reassignment of tridachiahydropyrone, tridachiahydropyrone B and tridachiahydropyrone C, isolated from mollusks of the order Sacoglossa, using a sequence of photochemical transformations from a common polyene precursor are described. These complex natural products may act as sunscreens for the producing organism, thus offering protection from harmful UV radiation and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Sharma
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Díaz-Marrero AR, Cueto M, D’Croz L, Darias J. Validating an Endoperoxide as a Key Intermediate in the Biosynthesis of Elysiapyrones. Org Lett 2008; 10:3057-60. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8010425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana R. Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico F, Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, STRI, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama, and Departamento de Biología Marina y Limnología, Universidad de Panama, Panama
| | - Mercedes Cueto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico F, Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, STRI, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama, and Departamento de Biología Marina y Limnología, Universidad de Panama, Panama
| | - Luis D’Croz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico F, Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, STRI, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama, and Departamento de Biología Marina y Limnología, Universidad de Panama, Panama
| | - José Darias
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico F, Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, STRI, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama, and Departamento de Biología Marina y Limnología, Universidad de Panama, Panama
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Moulton BE, Dong H, O'Brien CT, Duckett SB, Lin Z, Fairlamb IJS. A natural light induced regioselective 6π-electrocyclisation–oxidative aromatisation reaction: experimental and theoretical insights. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:4523-32. [PMID: 19039360 DOI: 10.1039/b811284c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bulger PG, Bagal SK, Marquez R. Recent advances in biomimetic natural product synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:254-97. [DOI: 10.1039/b705909b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gravel E, Poupon E. Biogenesis and Biomimetic Chemistry: Can Complex Natural Products Be Assembled Spontaneously? European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmond Gravel
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie associé au CNRS, UMR 8076 (BioCIS), Centre d'Études Pharmaceutiques, Université Paris Sud 11, 5, rue Jean‐Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay‐Malabry, France, Fax: +33‐1‐46835399
| | - Erwan Poupon
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie associé au CNRS, UMR 8076 (BioCIS), Centre d'Études Pharmaceutiques, Université Paris Sud 11, 5, rue Jean‐Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay‐Malabry, France, Fax: +33‐1‐46835399
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Abstract
A biomimetic synthesis of shimalactone A and B is described. Its key features are an unprecedented acid-catalyzed cyclization of a dienyl beta-ketolactone and a Stille coupling/8pi-6pi electrocyclization cascade to create the oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane and bicyclo[4.2.0]octadiene, respectively. The synthesis is convergent and void of protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sofiyev
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2005 for marine natural products, with 704 citations (493 for the period January to December 2005) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates and echinoderms. The emphasis is on new compounds (812 for 2005), together with their relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Abstract
The design and implementation of cascade reactions is a challenging facet of organic chemistry, yet one that can impart striking novelty, elegance, and efficiency to synthetic strategies. The application of cascade reactions to natural products synthesis represents a particularly demanding task, but the results can be both stunning and instructive. This Review highlights selected examples of cascade reactions in total synthesis, with particular emphasis on recent applications therein. The examples discussed herein illustrate the power of these processes in the construction of complex molecules and underscore their future potential in chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] Low to moderate diastereoselectivity was observed in the 8pi electrocyclization of a series of chiral auxiliary-bearing tetraenic esters. In the 8-arylmenthyl series, diastereomeric products were separated by chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathlyn A Parker
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA.
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Singh V, Pal S, Mobin SM. Cycloaddition between Electron-Deficient π-Systems, Photochemical and Radical-Induced Reactions: A Novel, General, and Stereoselective Route to Polyfunctionalized Bridged Bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes, Bicyclo[3.3.0]octanes, Bicyclo[4.2.0]octanes, and Tricyclo[4.3.1.03,7]decanes. J Org Chem 2006; 71:3014-25. [PMID: 16599596 DOI: 10.1021/jo052544v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel, general, and stereoselective route to functionalized bridged bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes, bicyclo[3.3.0]octanes, bicyclo[4.2.0]octanes, and tricyclo[4.3.1.0(3,7)]decanes has been described. Various functionalized and substituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes endowed with a beta,gamma-enone chromophore were synthesized via cycloaddition of in situ generated cyclohexa-2,4-dienones with electron-deficient 2pi partners and manipulation of the resulting adducts. Triplet sensitized irradiation of bridged bicyclooctenones led to synthesis of bicyclo[3.3.0]octanoids, whereas the direct irradiation furnished bicyclo[4.2.0]octanes in stereoselective fashion as a result of modulation of reactivity in excited states. Further, manipulation of the adducts led to appropriately appended and functionalized bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes that upon radical induced cyclization provided an efficient and stereoselective route to the tricyclo[4.3.1.0(3,7)]decane (isotwistane) framework of pupukeananes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwakarma Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India.
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Zuidema DR, Miller AK, Trauner D, Jones PB. Photosensitized Conversion of 9,10-Deoxytridachione to Photodeoxytridachione. Org Lett 2005; 7:4959-62. [PMID: 16235932 DOI: 10.1021/ol051887c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The photochemical conversion of 9,10-deoxytridachione to photodeoxytridachione has been photosensitized. The conversion was also quenched by piperylene. Photodeoxytridachione was produced in good yields under conditions in which only the cyclohexadiene group is sensitized. The results show that some, and perhaps all, of the photoreactions of 9,10-deoxytridachione occur through a triplet excited state. The mechanistic and biosynthetic implications of these results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Zuidema
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
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