1
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Tang Z, Hong G, Sun S, Wang L. Electrochemically Enabled Direct C3-Formylation of Imidazopyridines with Me 3 N as a Carbonyl Source. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300001. [PMID: 36772840 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free and oxidant-free electrochemically enabled strategy for C-3 formylation of imidazopyridines using trimethylamine as a one-carbon source has been established. This conversion has high functional group compatibility under mild conditions and ensures late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutical molecules. Furthermore, unexpected hexafluoroisopropoxylation products have been observed in some cases. Mechanistic studies using cyclic voltammetry and control experiments reveal the key intermediate of the formylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Tang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Gang Hong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shiyun Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
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2
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Xu Z, Zeng J, Cai M. An MCM-41-immobilized dichloro(pyridine-2-carboxylato)gold(III) complex: an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the annulation of anthranils and ynamides. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:806-817. [PMID: 36594393 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03733e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new mesoporous MCM-41-immobilized dichloro(pyridine-2-carboxylato)gold(III) complex [MCM-41-PicAuCl2] was synthesized via an addition reaction of a dichloro(3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylato)gold(III) complex to triethoxy(3-isocyanatopropyl)silane, followed by immobilization on MCM-41 and was characterized by different physico-chemical techniques. In the presence of 5 mol% of MCM-41-PicAuCl2, the annulation reaction between anthranils and ynamides proceeded smoothly under mild conditions to afford diverse 6- or 5-formylindoles with high atom economy and good to excellent yields. This new heterogenized gold(III) complex can be easily recovered through a simple filtration process and recycled more than seven times without any apparent loss of its catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Xu
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Jiajun Zeng
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Mingzhong Cai
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
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3
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Jastrzębski MK, Kaczor AA, Wróbel TM. Methods of Lysergic Acid Synthesis-The Key Ergot Alkaloid. Molecules 2022; 27:7322. [PMID: 36364148 PMCID: PMC9654825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ergot is the spore form of the fungus Claviceps purpurea. Ergot alkaloids are indole compounds that are biosynthetically derived from L-tryptophan and represent the largest group of fungal nitrogen metabolites found in nature. The common part of ergot alkaloids is lysergic acid. This review shows the importance of lysergic acid as a representative of ergot alkaloids. The subject of ergot and its alkaloids is presented, with a particular focus on lysergic acid. All methods of total lysergic acid synthesis-through Woodward, Hendrickson, and Szantay intermediates and Heck coupling methods-are presented. The topic of biosynthesis is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał K. Jastrzębski
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka A. Kaczor
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomasz M. Wróbel
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Kumar BR, Kumar AK, Reddy BS, Shashikala K, Laxminarayana E. Synergic Synthesis and Characterization of tert-Butyl 4-[(E)-But-1-en-3-yn-1-yl]-3-{[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy}-1H-indole-1-carboxylate. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022040169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Arrieta-Rodríguez L, Espinoza-Rosales D, Vera G, Cho YH, Cabezas D, Vásquez-Velásquez D, Mella-Raipán J, Lagos CF, Recabarren-Gajardo G. Novel N-Arylsulfonylindoles Targeted as Ligands of the 5-HT 6 Receptor. Insights on the Influence of C-5 Substitution on Ligand Affinity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060528. [PMID: 34206083 PMCID: PMC8227400 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of twenty-two C-5 substituted N-arylsulfonylindoles was prepared with the aim of exploring the influence of C-5 substitution on 5-HT6 receptor affinity. Eleven compounds showed moderate to high affinity at the receptor (Ki = 58–403 nM), with compound 4d being identified as the most potent ligand. However, regarding C-5 substitution, both methoxy and fluorine were detrimental for receptor affinity compared to our previously published unsubstituted compounds. In order to shed light on these observations, we performed docking and molecular dynamics simulations with the most potent compounds of each series (4d and 4l) and PUC-10, a highly active ligand previously reported by our group. The comparison brings about deeper insight about the influence of the C-5 substitution on the binding mode of the ligands, suggesting that these replacements are detrimental to the affinity due to precluding a ligand from reaching deeper inside the binding site. Additionally, CoMFA/CoMSIA studies were performed to systematize the information of the main structural and physicochemical characteristics of the ligands, which are responsible for their biological activity. The CoMFA and CoMSIA models presented high values of q2 (0.653; 0.692) and r2 (0.879; 0.970), respectively. Although the biological activity of the ligands can be explained in terms of the steric and electronic properties, it depends mainly on the electronic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreto Arrieta-Rodríguez
- Bioactive Heterocycles Synthesis Laboratory (BHSL), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (L.A.-R.); (D.E.-R.); (G.V.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Daniela Espinoza-Rosales
- Bioactive Heterocycles Synthesis Laboratory (BHSL), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (L.A.-R.); (D.E.-R.); (G.V.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Gonzalo Vera
- Bioactive Heterocycles Synthesis Laboratory (BHSL), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (L.A.-R.); (D.E.-R.); (G.V.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Young Hwa Cho
- Bioactive Heterocycles Synthesis Laboratory (BHSL), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (L.A.-R.); (D.E.-R.); (G.V.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - David Cabezas
- Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (D.C.); (J.M.-R.)
- Centro de Investigación Farmacopea Chilena (CIFAR), Universidad de Valparaíso, Santa Marta 183, Valparaíso 2360134, Chile
| | - David Vásquez-Velásquez
- Drug Development Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Sergio Livingstone 1007, Santiago 8380492, Chile;
| | - Jaime Mella-Raipán
- Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (D.C.); (J.M.-R.)
- Centro de Investigación Farmacopea Chilena (CIFAR), Universidad de Valparaíso, Santa Marta 183, Valparaíso 2360134, Chile
| | - Carlos F. Lagos
- Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery Lab, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Providencia, Santiago 7510157, Chile;
| | - Gonzalo Recabarren-Gajardo
- Bioactive Heterocycles Synthesis Laboratory (BHSL), Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (L.A.-R.); (D.E.-R.); (G.V.); (Y.H.C.)
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago 8330024, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-23541418
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6
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Wang L, Lei T, Wang F, Jiang S, Yan G. Total synthesis of indiacen A using a practical one-pot reaction: Promoted by a key waste product, and its utility in natural products synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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7
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Wang ZY, Guo RL, Zhang XL, Wang MY, Chen GN, Wang YQ. Regioselective C5-H direct iodination of indoles. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00105a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An efficient regioselective C5-H direct iodination of indoles is reported herein for the first time, which offers a general and practical access to the difficult C5 functionalization of indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- School of Foreign Languages
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
| | - Rui-Li Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- School of Foreign Languages
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
| | - Xing-Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- School of Foreign Languages
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
| | - Meng-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- School of Foreign Languages
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
| | - Gang-Ni Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- School of Foreign Languages
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science
- School of Foreign Languages
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
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8
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Talukdar R. Rapid access to 3-acyl indoles using ethyl acetate/triflic acid couple as the acylium donor and Cu(OAc) 2 catalysed aerial oxidation of indole benzoins. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8876-8880. [PMID: 33103169 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Esters are potential acyl donors but are relatively unexplored for that purpose. A facile installation of acyl groups at the C-3 position of indoles under triflic acid catalysed conditions with easily available and cheap esters as new acylating agents is described herein. Furthermore, heterocycles like N-protected pyrrole, furan and thiophene were also suitable substrates for similar C-2 acylation. Analogous C-3 benzoylated products of indole were obtained, albeit in lower yields, by using methyl benzoate as a benzoyl donor. The benzoylated products were synthesised in much better yields via a copper(ii) catalysed aerial oxidation of indole containing benzoins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranadeep Talukdar
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, India.
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9
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Min L, Hu YJ, Fan JH, Zhang W, Li CC. Synthetic applications of type II intramolecular cycloadditions. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7015-7043. [PMID: 32869796 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00365d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type II intramolecular cycloadditions ([4+2], [4+3], [4+4] and [5+2]) have emerged recently as an efficient and powerful strategy for the construction of bridged ring systems. In general, type II cycloadditions provide access to a wide range of bridged bicyclo[m.n.1] ring systems with high regio- and diastereoselectivity in an easy and straightforward manner. In each section of this review, an overview of the corresponding type II cycloadditions is presented, which is followed by highlights of method development and synthetic applications in natural product synthesis. The goal of this review is to provide a survey of recent advances in the field covering literature up to 2020. The review will serve as a useful reference for organic chemists engaged in the total synthesis of natural products containing bridged bicyclo[m.n.1] ring systems and provide strong stimulus for invention and further advances in this exciting research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Min
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China.
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10
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Jia C, Wu N, Cai X, Li G, Zhong L, Zou L, Cui X. Ruthenium-Catalyzed meta-Selective C Ar-H Bond Formylation of Arenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4536-4542. [PMID: 32133850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The meta-CAr-H bond formylation of arenes has been achieved using CHBr3 as a formyl source in the presence of [Ru(p-cym)(OAc)2] as a catalyst. This method provides efficient access to the preparation of various meta-substituted aromatic compounds, such as alcohols, ethers, amines, nitriles, alkenes, halogens, carboxylic acids, and their derivatives, through transformation of the versatile formyl group. Furthermore, mechanistic studies show that the key active species is a pentagonal ruthenacycle complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Jia
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Nini Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Province Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Fujian Molecular Medicine, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
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11
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Li X, Wang S, Zang J, Liu M, Jiang G, Ji F. Copper- and DMF-mediated switchable oxidative C–H cyanation and formylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines using ammonium iodide. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9100-9108. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cyanation and formylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines were developed under copper-mediated oxidative conditions using ammonium iodide and DMF as a nontoxic combined cyano-group source and DMF as a formylation reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Shoucai Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Jiawang Zang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Meichen Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Guangbin Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Fanghua Ji
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
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12
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Yang L, Liu Z, Li Y, Lei N, Shen Y, Zheng K. Electrochemically Enabled C3-Formylation and -Acylation of Indoles with Aldehydes. Org Lett 2019; 21:7702-7707. [PMID: 31553193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is an effective strategy for oxidative cross-coupling of indoles with various aldehydes. The strategy is based on a two-step transformation via a well-known Mannich-type reaction and a C-N bond cleavage for carbonyl introduction. The key step-the C-N bond cleavage of the Mannich product-was enabled by electrochemistry. This strategy (with over 40 examples) ensures excellent functional-group tolerance as well as late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Zhaoran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Yujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Ning Lei
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Yanling Shen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
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13
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Lin DZ, Huang JM. Synthesis of 3-Formylindoles via Electrochemical Decarboxylation of Glyoxylic Acid with an Amine as a Dual Function Organocatalyst. Org Lett 2019; 21:5862-5866. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Zhao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jing-Mei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
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14
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Ma X, Du W, Liu W, Liu Y, Xiao T, Jiang Y. Metal-free selective aryl C–H formylation co-controlled by 1,2,3-triazole and hydroxyl using DMSO as formyl source. J CHEM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-019-1631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Penteado F, Lopes EF, Alves D, Perin G, Jacob RG, Lenardão EJ. α-Keto Acids: Acylating Agents in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7113-7278. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Penteado
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eric F. Lopes
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Perin
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel G. Jacob
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eder J. Lenardão
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa - LASOL - CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, P.O. Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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16
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Yu Y, Su Z, Cao H. Strategies for Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2-a
]pyridine Derivatives: Carbene Transformations or C−H Functionalizations. CHEM REC 2018; 19:2105-2118. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Zhongshan 528458 P.R. of China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- School of Public Health; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangzhou 510006 P.R. of China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Zhongshan 528458 P.R. of China
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17
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Nemoto T, Harada S, Nakajima M. Synthetic Methods for 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles via Indole Ring Formation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; I1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; I1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Masaya Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Chiba University; I1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
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18
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Bao Y, Wang JY, Zhang YX, Li Y, Wang XS. Palladium-catalyzed C-H formylation of electron-rich heteroarenes through radical dichloromethylation. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Li LH, Niu ZJ, Liang YM. New Friedel–Crafts strategy for preparing 3-acylindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7792-7796. [PMID: 30325392 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new Friedel–Crafts acylation generates diverse high-biological value 3-acylindoles, and forms a new C–C bond under transition-metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jie Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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20
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21
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Lam SM, Wong WT, Chiu P. An Approach to the Welwistatin Core via a Diazoketone Rearrangement-Ring Expansion Strategy. Org Lett 2017; 19:4468-4471. [PMID: 28829148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rhodium-catalyzed decomposition of fused bicyclic α-diazo-β-hydroxyketone 16 and rearrangement to 17 is featured in an approach to the bridged bicyclic core of welwistatin. The bicyclic [4.3.1] core of 25 is furnished from a subsequent cyclopropanation to generate 23, followed by its ring expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuk Mei Lam
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Pauline Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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22
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Reyes JR, Xu J, Kobayashi K, Bhat V, Rawal VH. Total Synthesis of (−)‐
N
‐Methylwelwitindolinone B Isothiocyanate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:9962-9966. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julius R. Reyes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Jiasu Xu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Kenichi Kobayashi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Vikram Bhat
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Viresh H. Rawal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
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23
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Reyes JR, Xu J, Kobayashi K, Bhat V, Rawal VH. Total Synthesis of (−)‐
N
‐Methylwelwitindolinone B Isothiocyanate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julius R. Reyes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Jiasu Xu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Kenichi Kobayashi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Vikram Bhat
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Viresh H. Rawal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Chicago 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
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24
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25
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Schäfer D, Weiß P, Ermert J, Castillo Meleán J, Zarrad F, Neumaier B. Preparation of No-Carrier-Added 6-[18F]Fluoro-l-tryptophan via Cu-Mediated Radiofluorination. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Schäfer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin; INM-5: Nuklearchemie; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Philipp Weiß
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin; INM-5: Nuklearchemie; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Johannes Ermert
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin; INM-5: Nuklearchemie; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Johnny Castillo Meleán
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin; INM-5: Nuklearchemie; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Fadi Zarrad
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin; INM-5: Nuklearchemie; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin; INM-5: Nuklearchemie; 52425 Jülich Germany
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging; University Hospital Cologne; Kerpener Str. 62 50937 Cologne Germany
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26
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Extended N-Arylsulfonylindoles as 5-HT₆ Receptor Antagonists: Design, Synthesis & Biological Evaluation. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081070. [PMID: 27537868 PMCID: PMC6273627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on a known pharmacophore model for 5-HT6 receptor antagonists, a series of novel extended derivatives of the N-arylsulfonyindole scaffold were designed and identified as a new class of 5-HT6 receptor modulators. Eight of the compounds exhibited moderate to high binding affinities and displayed antagonist profile in 5-HT6 receptor functional assays. Compounds 2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-tosyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanol (4b), 1-(1-(4-iodophenylsulfonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanol (4g) and 2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-(naphthalen-1-ylsulfonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanol (4j) showed the best binding affinity (4b pKi = 7.87; 4g pKi = 7.73; 4j pKi = 7.83). Additionally, compound 4j was identified as a highly potent antagonist (IC50 = 32 nM) in calcium mobilisation functional assay.
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27
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Zhang ZW, Xue H, Li H, Kang H, Feng J, Lin A, Liu S. Collective Synthesis of 3-Acylindoles, Indole-3-carboxylic Esters, Indole-3-sulfinic Acids, and 3-(Methylsulfonyl)indoles from Free (N-H) Indoles via Common N-Indolyl Triethylborate. Org Lett 2016; 18:3918-21. [PMID: 27457258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A general and direct C3 functionalization of free (N-H) indoles with readily available electrophiles such as acid chlorides, chloroformates, thionyl chloride, and methylsulfonyl chloride via a common N-indolyl triethylborate intermediate is reported. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions in up to 93% yield. Indoles with substituents at the C2, C4, C5, C6, and C7 positions are well tolerated. The easy accessibility of a variety of important 3-acylindoles, indole-3-carboxylic esters, indole-3-sulfinic acids, and 3-(methylsulfonyl)indoles demonstrates the high degree of compatibility and practicability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xue
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Hailing Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Huaiping Kang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Juan Feng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
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28
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29
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Gogoi A, Modi A, Guin S, Rout SK, Das D, Patel BK. A metal free domino synthesis of 3-aroylindoles via two sp³ C-H activation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:10445-7. [PMID: 25061987 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04407j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal free synthesis of 3-aroylindole involving two sp(3) C-H activation has been achieved starting from o-alkynyl-N,N-dialkylamines using catalyst TBAI and oxidant TBHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupal Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
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30
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Nakano SI, Inoue N, Hamada Y, Nemoto T. Pd-Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization by Intramolecular Heck Insertion of an Allene–Allylic Amination Sequence: Application to the Synthesis of 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles. Org Lett 2015; 17:2622-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-ichi Nakano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Naoya Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Hamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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31
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Maimone TJ, Ishihara Y, Baran PS. Scalable Total Syntheses of (-)-Hapalindole U and (+)-Ambiguine H. Tetrahedron 2015; 71:3652-3665. [PMID: 25983347 PMCID: PMC4430130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Stigonemataceae family of cyanobacteria produces a class of biogenetically related indole natural products that include hapalindoles and ambiguines. In this full account, a practical route to the tetracyclic hapalindole family is presented by way of an eight-step, enantiospecific, protecting-group-free total synthesis of (-)-hapalindole U that features an oxidative indole-enolate coupling. With gram-scale access to hapalindole U, the first total synthesis of an ambiguine alkaloid, (+)-ambiguine H, was completed via an isonitrile-assisted prenylation of an indole followed by a photofragmentation cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Maimone
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Ishihara
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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32
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Cao H, Lei S, Li N, Chen L, Liu J, Cai H, Qiu S, Tan J. Cu-Catalyzed selective C3-formylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine C–H bonds with DMSO using molecular oxygen. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1823-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09134e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Using the widely available DMSO as the formylation reagent under oxidative conditions, an efficient Cu-catalyzed C3-formylation reaction of imidazo [1,2-a]pyridine C–H bonds to directly generate structurally sophisticated 3-formyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528458
- P.R. China
| | - Sai Lei
- College of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- P.R. China
| | - Naiying Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528458
- P.R. China
| | - Longbin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528458
- P.R. China
| | - Jingyun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528458
- P.R. China
| | - Huiyin Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528458
- P.R. China
| | - Shuxian Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528458
- P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Zhongshan 528458
- P.R. China
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33
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Weires N, Styduhar ED, Baker EL, Garg NK. Total synthesis of (-)-N-methylwelwitindolinone B isothiocyanate via a chlorinative oxabicycle ring-opening strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14710-3. [PMID: 25275668 PMCID: PMC4206695 DOI: 10.1021/ja5087672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of N-methylwelwitindolinone B isothiocyanate is reported. The route features several key steps, including a regio- and diastereoselective chlorinative oxabicycle ring-opening reaction to introduce the challenging alkyl chloride motif.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma L. Baker
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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34
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Zhang B, Liu B, Chen J, Wang J, Liu M. I2-mediated C3-formylation of indoles by tertiary amine and H2O. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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35
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Cleary L, Pitzen J, Brailsford JA, Shea KJ. Progress toward the total synthesis of N-methylwelwitindolinone B isothiocyanate. Org Lett 2014; 16:4460-3. [PMID: 25124334 DOI: 10.1021/ol5020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progress toward the welwitindolinone alkaloid N-methylwelwitindolinone B isothiocyanate is reported. A key reaction to synthesize the [4.3.1] bicycle embedded in the core of the molecule is a furan type 2 intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction with a tetrasubstituted dienophile, which sets the two vicinal quaternary centers present in the natural product. The sterically encumbered cycloaddition precursor was synthesized using a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction followed by a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. Finally, introduction of the secondary alkyl chloride was achieved by a regio- and diastereoselective opening of a [2.2.1] oxobicycloheptane functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Cleary
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine , 1102 Natural Sciences 2, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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36
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Intramolecular Larock indole synthesis for the preparation of tricyclic indoles and its application in the synthesis of tetrahydropyrroloquinoline and fargesine. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Zhou B, Yang Y, Tang H, Du J, Feng H, Li Y. Rh(III)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Redox-Neutral or Oxidative Cyclization of Alkynes: Short, Efficient Synthesis of 3,4-Fused Indole Skeletons. Org Lett 2014; 16:3900-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501599j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhou
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yaxi Yang
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Huanyu Tang
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Du
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Huijin Feng
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yuanchao Li
- Shanghai
Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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38
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Rajagopal B, Chou CH, Chung CC, Lin PC. Synthesis of Substituted 3-Indolylimines and Indole-3-carboxaldehydes by Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Annulation. Org Lett 2014; 16:3752-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501618z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basker Rajagopal
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Cheng Chung
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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39
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Zheng C, Chen JJ, Fan R. Dearomatization Strategy and Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Reaction: Construction of Azepino[5,4,3-cd]indoles from 2-Alkynylanilines. Org Lett 2014; 16:816-9. [PMID: 24432798 DOI: 10.1021/ol403557q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jin Jin Chen
- Children
Health Care Center Shanghai, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 24 Lane 1400, West Beijing Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Renhua Fan
- Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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40
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Zhang X, Li Y, Shi H, Zhang L, Zhang S, Xu X, Liu Q. Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed intramolecular amidoarylation and hydroarylation of alkyne via C–H activation: switchable synthesis of 3,4-fused tricyclic indoles and chromans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7306-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02398f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An intramolecular amidoarylation and hydroarylation of alkyne via rhodium(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation was developed for the switchable synthesis of 3,4-fused indoles and chromans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lunan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xianxiu Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024, China
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024, China
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41
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Synthesis of 3-acylindoles via decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction of free (NH) indoles with α-oxocarboxylic acids. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Bhat V, Dave A, MacKay JA, Rawal VH. The Chemistry of Hapalindoles, Fischerindoles, Ambiguines, and Welwitindolinones. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2014; 73:65-160. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-411565-1.00002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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43
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Styduhar ED, Huters AD, Weires NA, Garg NK. Enantiospecific total synthesis of N-methylwelwitindolinone D isonitrile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12422-5. [PMID: 24123612 PMCID: PMC3892424 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The total synthesis of N-methylwelwitindolinone D isonitrile (1) has been achieved in 17 steps from a readily available carvone derivative. The route features a double C-H functionalization event involving a keto oxindole substrate to introduce the tetrahydrofuran ring of the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan D. Styduhar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310-206-1843, Homepage: http://www.chem.ucla.edu/dept/Faculty/garg/Garg_Group/Home.html
| | - Alexander D. Huters
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310-206-1843, Homepage: http://www.chem.ucla.edu/dept/Faculty/garg/Garg_Group/Home.html
| | - Nicholas A. Weires
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310-206-1843, Homepage: http://www.chem.ucla.edu/dept/Faculty/garg/Garg_Group/Home.html
| | - Neil K. Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (USA), Fax: (+1) 310-206-1843, Homepage: http://www.chem.ucla.edu/dept/Faculty/garg/Garg_Group/Home.html
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Lu Q, Huang X, Song G, Sun CM, Jasinski JP, Keeley AC, Zhang W. Sequential [3 + 2] and [4 + 2] cycloadditions for stereoselective synthesis of a novel polyheterocyclic scaffold. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2013; 15:350-5. [PMID: 23701651 DOI: 10.1021/co400026s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A strategy of combining [3 + 2] cycloaddition and intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction is developed for the synthesis of a novel polycyclic scaffold with skeletal and substitutional diversities. Intermediates generated from stereoselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and maleimides were derivatized for intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of furan to form highly condensed heterocyclic products as racemic single diastereomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard,
Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical
Biology, Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai
200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin, Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard,
Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Gonghua Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical
Biology, Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai
200237, P. R. China
| | - Chung-Ming Sun
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300-10, Taiwan
(ROC)
| | - Jerry P. Jasinski
- Department of Chemistry, Keene State College, 220 Main Street, Keene, New Hampshire
03435, United States
| | - Amanda C. Keeley
- Department of Chemistry, Keene State College, 220 Main Street, Keene, New Hampshire
03435, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard,
Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
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46
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Fu TH, McElroy WT, Shamszad M, Heidebrecht RW, Gulledge B, Martin SF. Studies toward welwitindolinones: formal syntheses of N-methylwelwitindolinone C isothiocyanate and related natural products. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:5588-5603. [PMID: 23976796 PMCID: PMC3748834 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The formal syntheses of N-methylwelwitindolinone C isothiocyanate (4) and several other welwitindolinones 5-8 were achieved by the independent synthesis of 79. The synthesis featured a Lewis acid-mediated coupling between a heteroaryl carbinol and bis-TMS enol ether, an intramolecular enolate arylation, and an unprecedented intramolecular allylic alkylation of a γ-acyloxyenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-hao Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA
| | - William T. McElroy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA
| | - Mariam Shamszad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA
| | - Richard W. Heidebrecht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA
| | - Brian Gulledge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA
| | - Stephen F. Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165, USA
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47
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Xia XF, Zhang LL, Song XR, Niu YN, Liu XY, Liang YM. Palladium-copper-cocatalyzed intramolecular oxidative coupling: an efficient and atom-economical strategy for the synthesis of 3-acylindoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1410-2. [PMID: 23310929 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new and efficient catalytic approach to the synthesis of 3-acylindoles under Pd-Cu-cocatalyzed oxidative conditions is demonstrated. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) acts not only as the oxidant, but also as an oxygen source in the approach. The process allows quick and atom-economical assembly of 3-acylindoles from readily available starting materials and tolerates a broad range of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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48
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Gogoi A, Guin S, Rout SK, Patel BK. A copper-catalyzed synthesis of 3-aroylindoles via a sp3 C-H bond activation followed by C-C and C-O bond formation. Org Lett 2013; 15:1802-5. [PMID: 23541283 DOI: 10.1021/ol400692b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
An efficient Cu(I)-catalyzed synthesis of 3-aroylindoles has been achieved from o-alkynylated N,N-dimethylamines via a sp(3) C-H bond activation α to the nitrogen atom followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic attack with the alkyne using an aqueous solution of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant. In this tandem catalytic synthesis of 3-aroylindoles both C-C and C-O bonds are installed at the expense of two sp(3) C-H bond cleavages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupal Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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49
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Shan D, Gao Y, Jia Y. Intramolecular Larock Indole Synthesis: Preparation of 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles and Total Synthesis of Fargesine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4902-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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50
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Shan D, Gao Y, Jia Y. Intramolecular Larock Indole Synthesis: Preparation of 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles and Total Synthesis of Fargesine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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