1
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Liu X, Hee S, Sapir NG, Li A, Liu J, Chen Y. n-Bu 4NI/K 2S 2O 8 Mediated Csp 2-Csp 2 Bond Cleavage - Transformylation from p-Anisaldehyde to Primary Amides. Adv Synth Catal 2024; 366:2489-2494. [PMID: 38895098 PMCID: PMC11182648 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202301505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
n-Bu4NI/K2S2O8 mediated transformylation from p-anisaldehyde to primary amides is reported. The mechanistic studies suggest the reaction occurs via a single electron transfer pathway. Based on the DFT electronic structure calculations of various reaction pathways, the most plausible mechanism involves the formation of a phenyl radical cation and an arenium ion as the key intermediates. It represents the first example where p-anisaldehyde is employed as a formyl source via a non-metal mediated Csp2-Csp2 bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens, New York 11367, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Samual Hee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens, New York 11367, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Netanel G Sapir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens, New York 11367, United States
| | - Alvin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens, New York 11367, United States
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens, New York 11367, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Queens, New York 11367, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, New York 10016, United States
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2
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Raje S, Sheikh Mohammad T, de Ruiter G. A Neutral PC NHCP Co(I)-Me Pincer Complex as a Catalyst for N-Allylic Isomerization with a Broad Substrate Scope. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4319-4325. [PMID: 38520345 PMCID: PMC11002938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Earth-abundant-metal catalyzed double bond transposition offers a sustainable and atom-economical route toward the synthesis of internal alkenes. With an emphasis specifically on internal olefins and ethers, the isomerization of allylic amines has been particularly under represented in the literature. Herein, we report an efficient methodology for the selective isomerization of N-allylic organic compounds, including amines, amides, and imines. The reaction is catalyzed by a neutral PCNHCP cobalt(I) pincer complex and proceeds via a π-allyl mechanism. The isomerization occurs readily at 80-90 °C, and it is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups. The in situ formed enamines could additionally be used for a one-pot inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction to furnish a series of diversely substituted heterobiaryls, which is further discussed in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi Raje
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| | - Tofayel Sheikh Mohammad
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| | - Graham de Ruiter
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
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3
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Ren J, Xu J, Kong X, Li J, Li K. Coordinating activation strategy enables 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11466-11473. [PMID: 37886104 PMCID: PMC10599465 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03786j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The radical 1,2-difunctionalization reaction of alkynes has been evolved into a versatile approach for expeditiously increasing the complexity of the common feedstock alkyne. However, intermolecular 1,2-carboamidation with general alkyl groups is an unsolved problem. Herein, we show that a coordinating activation strategy could act as an efficient tool for enabling radical 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. With the employment of diacyl peroxides as both alkylating reagents and internal oxidants, a large library of β-alkylated enamides is constructed in a three-component manner from readily accessible amides and alkynes. This protocol exhibits broad substrate scope with good functional group compatibility and is amenable for late-stage functionalization of natural molecules and biologically compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Junhua Xu
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xiangxiang Kong
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Kaizhi Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
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4
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Lu XY, Wang JC, Sun XM, Gao MT, Ying WJ, Ge MY, Wei ZH, Liu Z, Chen XK. Photoredox/Nickel Dual-Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of Distal Cyano-Substituted Enamides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:513-524. [PMID: 36545950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the efficient photoredox/nickel dual-catalyzed cyanoalkylation reaction of enamides is illustrated. A wide scope of enamides and cycloketone oxime esters was well-tolerated, affording the synthetically versatile and geometrically defined β-cyanoalkylated enamide scaffolds. The synthetic practicality of this protocol was revealed by gram-scale reactions, further transformations of enamides, and late-stage modifications of biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Lu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jun-Chao Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Sun
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Meng-Ting Gao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Weng-Jing Ying
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Ge
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Zheng-Huan Wei
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Zi Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Xing-Ke Chen
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
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5
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Pollack SR, Dion A. Metal-Free Stereoselective Synthesis of ( E)- and ( Z)-N-Monosubstituted β-Aminoacrylates via Condensation Reactions of Carbamates. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11748-11762. [PMID: 34479408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
N-monosubstituted β-aminoacrylates are building blocks, which have been used in the preparation of amino acids and pharmaceuticals. Two efficient, stereoselective methods of preparation, via acid- or base-promoted condensation reactions of carbamates, are described. The base-promoted reaction is E-selective, while acid catalysis can, through the choice of solvent, selectively form E or Z. The acid-catalyzed E-selective process proceeds through a crystallization obviating the need for chromatographic purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Pollack
- Department of Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Amélie Dion
- Department of Process Research & Development, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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6
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Sunny S, Karvembu R. Recent Advances in Cobalt‐Catalyzed, Directing‐Group‐Assisted C−H Bond Amidation Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sereena Sunny
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India
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7
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Spieß P, Berger M, Kaiser D, Maulide N. Direct Synthesis of Enamides via Electrophilic Activation of Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10524-10529. [PMID: 34232035 PMCID: PMC8299460 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel, one-step N-dehydrogenation of amides to enamides is reported. This reaction employs the unlikely combination of LiHMDS and triflic anhydride, which serves as both the electrophilic activator and the oxidant, and is characterized by its simple setup and broad substrate scope. The synthetic utility of the formed enamides was readily demonstrated in a range of downstream transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Spieß
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Berger
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Kaiser
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Sambaiah M, Thota P, Kottawar SS, Yennam S, Shiva Kumar K, Behera M. Synthesis of New Lansiumamide A/Alatamide (cis‐Isomer) Based Unnatural α‐Amino Acid Derivatives via the Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross Coupling as Key Step. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sambaiah
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (Synthesis) GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd 125 & 126, IDA Mallapur Hyderabad Telangana India 500 076
- Department of Chemistry GITAM (DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY) GITAM School of Science Hyderabad campus Vill: Rudraram, Mdl: Patancheru, Dist: Sangareddy Telangana India 502329
| | - PradeepKumar Thota
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (Synthesis) GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd 125 & 126, IDA Mallapur Hyderabad Telangana India 500 076
| | - Shrinivas S. Kottawar
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (Synthesis) GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd 125 & 126, IDA Mallapur Hyderabad Telangana India 500 076
| | - Satyanarayana Yennam
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (Synthesis) GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd 125 & 126, IDA Mallapur Hyderabad Telangana India 500 076
| | - K. Shiva Kumar
- Department of Chemistry GITAM (DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY) GITAM School of Science Hyderabad campus Vill: Rudraram, Mdl: Patancheru, Dist: Sangareddy Telangana India 502329
| | - Manoranjan Behera
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory (Synthesis) GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd 125 & 126, IDA Mallapur Hyderabad Telangana India 500 076
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9
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Domingo R, van der Westhuyzen R, Hamann AR, Mostert KJ, Barnard L, Paquet T, Tjhin ET, Saliba KJ, van Otterlo WAL, Strauss E. Overcoming synthetic challenges in targeting coenzyme A biosynthesis with the antimicrobial natural product CJ-15,801. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:2118-2125. [PMID: 32206243 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00312f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of the essential metabolic cofactor coenzyme A (CoA) has been receiving increasing attention as a new target that shows potential to counter the rising resistance to established antimicrobials. In particular, phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (PPCS)-the second CoA biosynthesis enzyme that is found as part of the bifunctional CoaBC protein in bacteria, but is monofunctional in eukaryotes-has been validated as a target through extensive genetic knockdown studies in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Moreover, it has been identified as the molecular target of the fungal natural product CJ-15,801 that shows selective activity against Staphylococcus aureus and the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. As such, CJ-15,801 and 4'-phospho-CJ-15,801 (its metabolically active form) are excellent tool compounds for use in the development of new antimicrobial PPCS inhibitors. Unfortunately, further study and analysis of CJ-15,801 is currently being hampered by several unique challenges posed by its synthesis. In this study we describe how these challenges were overcome by using a robust palladium-catalyzed coupling to form the key N-acyl vinylogous carbamate moiety with retention of stereochemistry, and by extensive investigation of protecting groups suited to the labile functional group combinations contained in this molecule. We also demonstrate that using TBAF for deprotection causes undesired off-target effects related to the presence of residual tertiary ammonium salts. Finally, we provide a new method for the chemoenzymatic preparation of 4'-phospho-CJ-15,801 on multi-milligram scale, after showing that chemical synthesis of the molecule is not practical. Taken together, the results of this study advances our pursuit to discover new antimicrobials that specifically target CoA biosynthesis and/or utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyad Domingo
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Renier van der Westhuyzen
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Anton R Hamann
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Konrad J Mostert
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Leanne Barnard
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Tanya Paquet
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
| | - Erick T Tjhin
- Research School of Biology , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | - Kevin J Saliba
- Research School of Biology , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia.,Medical School , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa
| | - Erick Strauss
- Department of Biochemistry , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland 7602 , South Africa .
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10
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Liu Y, Xie F, Jia AQ, Li X. Cp*Co(iii)-catalyzed amidation of olefinic and aryl C-H bonds: highly selective synthesis of enamides and pyrimidones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4345-4348. [PMID: 29644366 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient and selective synthesis of enamides via C-H amidation of N-methoxy acrylamides with dioxazolones is realized under [Cp*CoIII] catalysis. The resulting enamide can further selectively cyclize to form pyrimidones, which can also act as a directing group for a second C-H amidation. All these three classes of products were selectively delivered under controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry Education, Department of Pharmacy, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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11
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Spry C, Sewell AL, Hering Y, Villa MV, Weber J, Hobson SJ, Harnor SJ, Gul S, Marquez R, Saliba KJ. Structure-activity analysis of CJ-15,801 analogues that interact with Plasmodium falciparum pantothenate kinase and inhibit parasite proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:1139-1147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Kim SY, Lee S, Kim G, Min BK, Kim JN. Synthesis of 3-(β,δ-Disubstituted)allylidene-2-oxindoles by S N
2′ Reaction of Phosphorous Ylides with Carbonates of Isatin-derived Moritas-Baylis-Hillman Adducts. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Sangku Lee
- Targeted Medicine Research Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Cheongwon 363-883 Korea
| | - Gieun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Beom Kyu Min
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Jae Nyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
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13
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Takamoto K, Ohno S, Hyogo N, Fujioka H, Arisawa M. Ruthenium-Catalyzed 1,6-Aromatic Enamide–Silylalkyne Cycloisomerization: Approach to 2,3-Disubstituted Indoles. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8733-8742. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Takamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shohei Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norimichi Hyogo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Arisawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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14
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Sambaiah M, Gudipati R, Shiva Kumar K, Yennam S, Behera M. An efficient method for the preparation of N-formyl-imide via amidine using propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P®). Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Xing L, Li C. Stereoselective Chlorination and Bromination of Enamides and Enamines via an Electrostatic Attraction Effect Using (1,1-Diacetoxyiodo)benzene and a Halide Source. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10000-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xing
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunbao Li
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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16
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Lone AM, Bhat BA. Metal free stereoselective synthesis of functionalized enamides. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:242-6. [PMID: 24264738 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41847b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and expeditious DABCO-mediated synthesis of functionalized enamides from alkenes is delineated. The reaction proceeds through an unprecedented cascade involving an Aza-Michael addition/α-bromination/elimination and a Morita-Baylis-Hillman type reaction to generate functionalized enamides in a regio- & stereoselective fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohd Lone
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Srinagar, India.
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17
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Mola L, Font J, Bosch L, Caner J, Costa AM, Etxebarría-Jardí G, Pineda O, de Vicente D, Vilarrasa J. Nucleophile-catalyzed additions to activated triple bonds. Protection of lactams, imides, and nucleosides with MocVinyl and related groups. J Org Chem 2013; 78:5832-42. [PMID: 23713491 DOI: 10.1021/jo4006409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Additions of lactams, imides, (S)-4-benzyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one, 2-pyridone, pyrimidine-2,4-diones (AZT derivatives), or inosines to the electron-deficient triple bonds of methyl propynoate, tert-butyl propynoate, 3-butyn-2-one, N-propynoylmorpholine, or N-methoxy-N-methylpropynamide in the presence of many potential catalysts were examined. DABCO and, second, DMAP appeared to be the best (highest reaction rates and E/Z ratios), while RuCl3, RuClCp*(PPh3)2, AuCl, AuCl(PPh3), CuI, and Cu2(OTf)2 were incapable of catalyzing such additions. The groups incorporated (for example, the 2-(methoxycarbonyl)ethenyl group that we name MocVinyl) serve as protecting groups for the above-mentioned heterocyclic CONH or CONHCO moieties. Deprotections were accomplished via exchange with good nucleophiles: the 1-dodecanethiolate anion turned out to be the most general and efficient reagent, but in some particular cases other nucleophiles also worked (e.g., MocVinyl-inosines can be cleaved with succinimide anion). Some structural and mechanistic details have been accounted for with the help of DFT and MP2 calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mola
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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18
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Polisar JG, Norton JR. On the reaction of carboxylic acids and isonitriles with conventional heating. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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van der Westhuyzen R, Hammons JC, Meier JL, Dahesh S, Moolman WJA, Pelly SC, Nizet V, Burkart MD, Strauss E. The antibiotic CJ-15,801 is an antimetabolite that hijacks and then inhibits CoA biosynthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:559-71. [PMID: 22633408 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The natural product CJ-15,801 is an inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus, but not other bacteria. Its close structural resemblance to pantothenic acid, the vitamin precursor of coenzyme A (CoA), and its Michael acceptor moiety suggest that it irreversibly inhibits an enzyme involved in CoA biosynthesis or utilization. However, its mode of action and the basis for its specificity have not been elucidated to date. We demonstrate that CJ-15,801 is transformed by the uniquely selective S. aureus pantothenate kinase, the first CoA biosynthetic enzyme, into a substrate for the next enzyme, phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase, which is inhibited through formation of a tight-binding structural mimic of its native reaction intermediate. These findings reveal CJ-15,801 as a vitamin biosynthetic pathway antimetabolite with a mechanism similar to that of the sulfonamide antibiotics and highlight CoA biosynthesis as a viable antimicrobial drug target.
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20
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21
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Pasqua AE, Crawford JJ, Long DL, Marquez R. Protecting Group Free, Stereocontrolled Synthesis of β-Halo-enamides. J Org Chem 2012; 77:2149-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202130e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adele E. Pasqua
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - James J. Crawford
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - De-Liang Long
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Rodolfo Marquez
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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Pasqua AE, Thomas LH, Crawford JJ, Marquez R. Regioselective synthesis of β-iodo-enamides and β-yn-enamides. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Pasqua AE, Matheson M, Sewell AL, Marquez R. Fast, Economic, and Green Synthesis of N-Formylated Benzotriazoles. Org Process Res Dev 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/op200011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adele E. Pasqua
- WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ
| | - Mhairi Matheson
- WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ
| | - Alan L. Sewell
- WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ
| | - Rodolfo Marquez
- WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ
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Barbazanges M, Meyer C, Cossy J, Turner P. Synthesis of 1,2‐Amino Alcohols by Sigmatropic Rearrangements of 3‐(N‐Tosylamino)allylic Alcohol Derivatives. Chemistry 2011; 17:4480-95. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Barbazanges
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS (UMR 7084), 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05 (France), Fax: (+33) 140‐79‐46‐60
| | - Christophe Meyer
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS (UMR 7084), 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05 (France), Fax: (+33) 140‐79‐46‐60
| | - Janine Cossy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS (UMR 7084), 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05 (France), Fax: (+33) 140‐79‐46‐60
| | - Peter Turner
- GlaxoSmithKline Stevenage, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG12NY (UK)
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Sewell AL, Villa MVJ, Matheson M, Whittingham WG, Marquez R. Fast and flexible synthesis of pantothenic acid and CJ-15,801. Org Lett 2011; 13:800-3. [PMID: 21250753 DOI: 10.1021/ol103114w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The fast and efficient syntheses of pantothenic acid and the antiparasitic agent CJ-15,801 have been achieved starting from a common imide unit through the selective manipulation of enamide intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan L Sewell
- WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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Huang JR, Cui HL, Lei J, Sun XH, Chen YC. Organocatalytic chemoselective asymmetric N-allylic alkylation of enamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4784-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05616b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Mathieson JE, Crawford JJ, Schmidtmann M, Marquez R. Fast and efficient one step synthesis of dienamides. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:2170-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b901797f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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McNab H, Morrow M, Parsons S, Shannon DA, Withell K. Synthetic routes to pyrrolizine-1,5-dione derivatives by flash vacuum pyrolysis of amidomethylene derivatives of Meldrum's acid. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4936-42. [DOI: 10.1039/b911951e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Enamides display a fine balance of stability and reactivity, which is now leading to their increasing use in organic synthesis. Enamides offer multiple opportunities for the inclusion of nitrogen based functionality into organic systems. Recent examples of these compounds as substrates are discussed in this article.
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Abstract
Pantothenic acid, a precursor of coenzyme A (CoA), is essential for the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Since the structure of pantothenic acid was determined, many analogues of this essential metabolite have been prepared. Several have been demonstrated to exert an antimicrobial effect against a range of microorganisms by inhibiting the utilization of pantothenic acid, validating pantothenic acid utilization as a potential novel antimicrobial drug target. This review commences with an overview of the mechanisms by which various microorganisms acquire the pantothenic acid they require for growth, and the universal CoA biosynthesis pathway by which pantothenic acid is converted into CoA. A detailed survey of studies that have investigated the inhibitory activity of analogues of pantothenic acid and other precursors of CoA follows. The potential of inhibitors of both pantothenic acid utilization and biosynthesis as novel antibacterial, antifungal and antimalarial agents is discussed, focusing on inhibitors and substrates of pantothenate kinase, the enzyme catalysing the rate-limiting step of CoA biosynthesis in many organisms. The best strategies are considered for identifying inhibitors of pantothenic acid utilization and biosynthesis that are potent and selective inhibitors of microbial growth and that may be suitable for use as chemotherapeutic agents in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Spry
- School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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