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Vijayanathan M, Vadakkepat AK, Mahendran KR, Sharaf A, Frandsen KEH, Bandyopadhyay D, Pillai MR, Soniya EV. Structural and mechanistic insights into Quinolone Synthase to address its functional promiscuity. Commun Biol 2024; 7:566. [PMID: 38745065 PMCID: PMC11093982 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Quinolone synthase from Aegle marmelos (AmQNS) is a type III polyketide synthase that yields therapeutically effective quinolone and acridone compounds. Addressing the structural and molecular underpinnings of AmQNS and its substrate interaction in terms of its high selectivity and specificity can aid in the development of numerous novel compounds. This paper presents a high-resolution AmQNS crystal structure and explains its mechanistic role in synthetic selectivity. Additionally, we provide a model framework to comprehend structural constraints on ketide insertion and postulate that AmQNS's steric and electrostatic selectivity plays a role in its ability to bind to various core substrates, resulting in its synthetic diversity. AmQNS prefers quinolone synthesis and can accommodate large substrates because of its wide active site entrance. However, our research suggests that acridone is exclusively synthesized in the presence of high malonyl-CoA concentrations. Potential implications of functionally relevant residue mutations were also investigated, which will assist in harnessing the benefits of mutations for targeted polyketide production. The pharmaceutical industry stands to gain from these findings as they expand the pool of potential drug candidates, and these methodologies can also be applied to additional promising enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Vijayanathan
- Transdisciplinary Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
- Department of Plant and Environment Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Abhinav Koyamangalath Vadakkepat
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE17HB, UK
| | - Kozhinjampara R Mahendran
- Transdisciplinary Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Abdoallah Sharaf
- SequAna Core Facility, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11241, Egypt
| | - Kristian E H Frandsen
- Department of Plant and Environment Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Debashree Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Radhakrishna Pillai
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Eppurath Vasudevan Soniya
- Transdisciplinary Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India.
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2
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Rodríguez-Berríos RR, Isbel SR, Bugarin A. Epoxide-Based Synthetic Approaches toward Polypropionates and Related Bioactive Natural Products. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6195. [PMID: 37047173 PMCID: PMC10094535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polypropionate units are a common structural feature of many of the natural products in polyketides, some of which have shown a broad range of antimicrobial and therapeutic potential. Polypropionates are composed of a carbon skeleton with alternating methyl and hydroxy groups with a specific configuration. Different approaches have been developed for the synthesis of polypropionates and herein we include, for the first time, all of the epoxide-based methodologies that have been reported over the years by several research groups such as Kishi, Katsuki, Marashall, Miyashita, Prieto, Sarabia, Jung, McDonald, etc. Several syntheses of polypropionate fragments and natural products that employed epoxides as key intermediates have been described and summarized in this review. These synthetic approaches involve enatio- and diastereoselective synthesis of epoxides (epoxy-alcohols, epoxy-amides, and epoxy-esters) and their regioselective cleavage with carbon and/or hydride nucleophiles. In addition, we included a description of the isolation and biological activities of the polypropionates and related natural products that have been synthetized using epoxide-based approaches. In conclusion, the epoxide-based methodologies are a non-aldol alternative approach for the construction of polypropionate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl R. Rodríguez-Berríos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23346, San Juan 00931-3346, Puerto Rico;
| | - Stephen R. Isbel
- Department of Chemistry & Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA
| | - Alejandro Bugarin
- Department of Chemistry & Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA
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3
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Baars H, Classen MJ, Aggarwal VK. Synthesis of Alfaprostol and PGF 2α through 1,4-Addition of an Alkyne to an Enal Intermediate as the Key Step. Org Lett 2018; 19:6008-6011. [PMID: 29064717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The veterinary drug Alfaprostol and prostaglandin PGF2α have been synthesized in just nine steps. The strategy involved the conjugate addition of an alkyne to a bicyclic enal, available in three steps by a proline-catalyzed aldol reaction of succinaldehyde. In the case of Alfaprostol, this resulted in the shortest synthesis reported to date. For PGF2α, this approach improved our previous route by making the 1,4-addition and ozonolysis more operationally simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Baars
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Moritz J Classen
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Varinder K Aggarwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, U.K
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4
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Tokunaga T, Watanabe B, Sato S, Kawamoto J, Kurihara T. Synthesis and Functional Assessment of a Novel Fatty Acid Probe, ω-Ethynyl Eicosapentaenoic Acid Analog, to Analyze the in Vivo Behavior of Eicosapentaenoic Acid. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2077-2085. [PMID: 28682621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that plays various beneficial roles in organisms from bacteria to humans. Although its beneficial physiological functions are well-recognized, a molecular probe that enables the monitoring of its in vivo behavior without abolishing its native functions has not yet been developed. Here, we designed and synthesized an ω-ethynyl EPA analog (eEPA) as a tool for analyzing the in vivo behavior and function of EPA. eEPA has an ω-ethynyl group tag in place of the ω-methyl group of EPA. An ethynyl group has a characteristic Raman signal and can be visualized by Raman scattering microscopy. Moreover, this group can specifically react in situ with azide compounds, such as those with fluorescent group, via click chemistry. In this study, we first synthesized eEPA efficiently based on the following well-known strategies. To introduce four C-C double bonds, a coupling reaction between terminal acetylene and propargylic halide or tosylate was employed, and then, by simultaneous and stereoselective partial hydrogenation with P-2 nickel, the triple bonds were converted to cis double bonds. One double bond and an ω-terminal C-C triple bond were introduced by Wittig reaction with a phosphonium salt harboring an ethynyl group. Then, we evaluated the in vivo function of the resulting probe by using an EPA-producing bacterium, Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10. This cold-adapted bacterium inducibly produces EPA at low temperatures, and the EPA-deficient mutant (ΔEPA) shows growth retardation and abnormal morphology at low temperatures. When eEPA was exogenously supplemented to ΔEPA, eEPA was incorporated into the membrane phospholipids as an acyl chain, and the amount of eEPA was about 5% of the total fatty acids in the membrane, which is comparable to the amount of EPA in the membrane of the parent strain. Notably, by supplementation with eEPA, the growth retardation and abnormal morphology of ΔEPA were almost completely suppressed. These results indicated that eEPA mimics EPA well and is useful for analyzing the in vivo behavior of EPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Tokunaga
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University , Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Bunta Watanabe
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University , Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Sho Sato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University , Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Jun Kawamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University , Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kurihara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University , Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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5
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Kim SW, Lee W, Krische MJ. Asymmetric Allylation of Glycidols Mediated by Allyl Acetate via Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer. Org Lett 2017; 19:1252-1254. [PMID: 28221810 PMCID: PMC5651674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glycidols prepared via Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation participate in asymmetric redox-neutral carbonyl allylation with good levels of catalyst-directed diastereoselectivity. Equally stereoselective allylations may be performed from the aldehyde oxidation level using 2-propanol as the terminal reductant. An epoxide ring-opening reaction using AlMe3-n-BuLi is used to prepare the propionate-based stereotetrad spanning C17-C23 of dictyostatin, illustrating how this method may be applied to polyketide construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wook Kim
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Wonchul Lee
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Michael J. Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, Austin, TX 78712
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6
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Sempere Molina Y, Ruchti J, Carreira EM. Enantioselective Addition of Alkynes to α,α-Dichlorinated Aldehydes. Org Lett 2017; 19:743-745. [PMID: 28127958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective addition of terminal alkynes to α,α-dichlorinated aldehydes employing Zn(OTf)2/NME is disclosed. The propargylic alcohols obtained are accessed in good yields and high enantioselectivity from easily accessible α,α-dichloroaldehydes. The method opens new strategic opportunities for the synthesis of chlorinated natural products, such as the chlorosulfolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshua Sempere Molina
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Ruchti
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick M Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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7
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Hosokawa S. Remote Asymmetric Induction Reactions and Wide Range Stereocontrol Strategy for Synthesis of Polypropionates. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2017. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.75.831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Kumar P, Tripathi D, Sharma BM, Dwivedi N. Transition metal catalysis—a unique road map in the stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-polyols. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:733-761. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01925k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present review summarizes recent diverse reactions employed in the formation of 1,3-polyols providing an overview of the mechanistic pathway and the enantioselectivity obtained, in terms of the properties of transition metals directly involved in the catalytic transformations and their interaction with various ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar
- Organic Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Divya Tripathi
- Organic Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Brijesh M. Sharma
- Organic Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Namrata Dwivedi
- Organic Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
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9
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Arnold JS, Zhang Q, Nguyen HM. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Allylic Substitutions of Trichloroacetimidates. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Mongin F, Harrison-Marchand A. Mixed AggregAte (MAA): A Single Concept for All Dipolar Organometallic Aggregates. 2. Syntheses and Reactivities of Homo/HeteroMAAs. Chem Rev 2013; 113:7563-727. [DOI: 10.1021/cr3002966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mongin
- Equipe Chimie et Photonique Moléculaires, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bât. 10A, Case 1003, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cédex, France
| | - Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Laboratoire COBRA de l′Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, IRCOF, Rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cédex, France
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11
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Crimmins MT, Dechert AMR. Enantioselective synthesis of the C1-C6 and C7-C23 fragments of the proposed structure of iriomoteolide 1a. Org Lett 2012; 14:2366-9. [PMID: 22512249 PMCID: PMC3345064 DOI: 10.1021/ol300785c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of the C1-C6 and C7-C23 fragments of the proposed structure of iriomoteolide 1a has been accomplished. Key steps include a cross metathesis to form the C15-C16 E olefin and a chelation controlled Grignard addition to form the tertiary alcohol at C14. Notably, 7 of the 9 stereocenters of the proposed structure have been set using various aldol reactions employing metallo enolates of thiazolidinethiones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Crimmins
- Kenan, Caudill, Venable and Murray Laboratories of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.
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12
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Garnier-Amblard EC, Mays SG, Arrendale RF, Baillie MT, Bushnev AS, Culver DG, Evers TJ, Holt JJ, Howard RB, Liebeskind LS, Menaldino DS, Natchus MG, Petros JA, Ramaraju H, Reddy GP, Liotta DC. Novel synthesis and biological evaluation of enigmols as therapeutic agents for treating prostate cancer. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:438-43. [PMID: 24900327 DOI: 10.1021/ml2000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enigmol is a synthetic, orally active 1-deoxysphingoid base analogue that has demonstrated promising activity against prostate cancer. In these studies, the pharmacologic roles of stereochemistry and N-methylation in the structure of enigmols were examined. A novel enantioselective synthesis of all four possible 2S-diastereoisomers of enigmol (2-aminooctadecane-3,5-diols) from l-alanine is reported, which features a Liebeskind-Srogl cross-coupling reaction between l-alanine thiol ester and (E)-pentadec-1-enylboronic acid as the key step. In vitro biological evaluation of the four enigmol diastereoisomers and 2S,3S,5S-N-methylenigmol against two prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) indicates that all but one diastereomer demonstrate potent oncolytic activity. In nude mouse xenograft models of human prostate cancer, enigmol was equally effective as standard prostate cancer therapies (androgen deprivation or docetaxel), and two of the enigmol diastereomers, 2S,3S,5R-enigmol and 2S,3R,5S-enigmol, also caused statistically significant inhibition of tumor growth. A pharmacokinetic profile of enigmol and N-methylenigmol is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel C. Garnier-Amblard
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Suzanne G. Mays
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Richard F. Arrendale
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Mark T. Baillie
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Anatoliy S. Bushnev
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Deborah G. Culver
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Taylor J. Evers
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jason J. Holt
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Randy B. Howard
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Lanny S. Liebeskind
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - David S. Menaldino
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Michael G. Natchus
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John A. Petros
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30033, United States
| | - Harsha Ramaraju
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Emory University, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - G. Prabhakar Reddy
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Dennis C. Liotta
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1521 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory Institute for Drug Discovery (EIDD), 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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13
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Coombs TC, Lushington GH, Douglas J, Aubé J. 1,3-allylic strain as a strategic diversification element for constructing libraries of substituted 2-arylpiperidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:2734-7. [PMID: 21387477 PMCID: PMC3094568 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Flipping diversity Minimization of 1,3-allylic strain is a recurring element in the design of a stereochemically- and spatially-diverse collection of 2-arylpiperidines. Here, stereochemically-diverse scaffolding is first constructed using A1,3 strain to guide the regioselective addition of nucleophiles, which serve as handles for further substitution. N -substitution with alkyl and acyl substituents again leverages A1,3 strain to direct each stereoisomer to two different conformer populations, doubling the number of library members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C. Coombs
- Chemical Methodologies and Library Development Center, University of Kansas, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2121 Simons Drive, West Campus, Lawrence, KS 66047 (USA)
| | - Gerald H. Lushington
- Molecular Graphics Laboratory, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott Hall, Room 6044, Lawrence, KS 66047 (USA)
| | - Justin Douglas
- NMR Laboratory, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott Hall, Room 6044, Lawrence, KS 66047 (USA)
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Chemical Methodologies and Library Development Center, University of Kansas, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2121 Simons Drive, West Campus, Lawrence, KS 66047 (USA)
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14
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Coombs TC, Lushington GH, Douglas J, Aubé J. 1,3‐Allylic Strain as a Strategic Diversification Element for Constructing Libraries of Substituted 2‐Arylpiperidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C. Coombs
- Chemical Methodologies and Library Development Center, University of Kansas, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2121 Simons Drive, West Campus, Lawrence, KS 66047 (USA), Fax: (+1) 785‐864‐4496 medchem.ku.edu/faculty/Aube
| | | | - Justin Douglas
- NMR Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047 (USA)
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Chemical Methodologies and Library Development Center, University of Kansas, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, 2121 Simons Drive, West Campus, Lawrence, KS 66047 (USA), Fax: (+1) 785‐864‐4496 medchem.ku.edu/faculty/Aube
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15
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Wang Z, Castellano S, Kinderman SS, Argueta CE, Beshir AB, Fenteany G, Kwon O. Diversity through a branched reaction pathway: generation of multicyclic scaffolds and identification of antimigratory agents. Chemistry 2011; 17:649-54. [PMID: 21207585 PMCID: PMC3045630 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A library of 91 heterocyclic compounds composed of 16 distinct scaffolds has been synthesized through a sequence of phosphine-catalyzed ring-forming reactions, Tebbe reactions, Diels-Alder reactions, and, in some cases, hydrolysis. This effort in diversity-oriented synthesis produced a collection of compounds that exhibited high levels of structural variation both in terms of stereochemistry and the range of scaffolds represented. A simple but powerful sequence of reactions thus led to a high-diversity library of relatively modest size with which to explore biologically relevant regions of chemical space. From this library, several molecules were identified that inhibit the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and may serve as leads for the development of antimetastatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 (USA), Fax: (+1)310-206-3722
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, (P.R. China)
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 (USA), Fax: (+1)310-206-3722
| | - Sape S. Kinderman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 (USA), Fax: (+1)310-206-3722
| | - Christian E. Argueta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3060 (USA), Fax: (+1)860-486-2981
| | - Anwar B. Beshir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3060 (USA), Fax: (+1)860-486-2981
| | - Gabriel Fenteany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3060 (USA), Fax: (+1)860-486-2981
| | - Ohyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569 (USA), Fax: (+1)310-206-3722
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16
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Mishra JK, Wipf P, Sinha SC. Studies toward a library of tetrahydrofurans: click and MCR products of mono- and bis-tetrahydrofurans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:609-12. [PMID: 20614864 DOI: 10.1021/cc1000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra K Mishra
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodologies & Library Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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17
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Kwon SJ, Kim MI, Ku B, Coulombel L, Kim JH, Shawky JH, Linhardt RJ, Dordick JS. Unnatural polyketide analogues selectively target the HER signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells. Chembiochem 2010; 11:573-80. [PMID: 20058253 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases are critical targets for the regulation of cell survival. Cancer patients with abnormal receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) tend to have more aggressive disease with poor clinical outcomes. As a result, human epidermal growth factor receptor kinases, such as EGFR (HER1), HER2, and HER3, represent important therapeutic targets. Several plant polyphenols including the type III polyketide synthase products (genistein, curcumin, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin-3-galate) possess chemopreventive activity, primarily as a result of RTK inhibition. However, only a small fraction of the polyphenolic structural universe has been evaluated. Along these lines, we have developed an in vitro route to the synthesis and subsequent screening of unnatural polyketide analogues with N-acetylcysteamine (SNAc) starter substrates and malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and methylmalonyl-CoA as extender substrates. The resulting polyketide analogues possessed a similar structural polyketide backbone (aromatic-2-pyrone) with variable side chains. Screening chalcone synthase (CHS) reaction products against BT-474 cells resulted in identification of several trifluoromethylcinnamoyl-based polyketides that showed strong suppression of the HER2-associated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, yet did not inhibit the growth of nontransformed MCF-10A breast cells (IC(50)>100 microM). Specifically, 4-trifluoromethylcinnamoyl pyrone (compound 2 e) was highly potent (IC(50)<200 nM) among the test compounds toward proliferation of several breast cancer cell lines. This breadth of activity likely stems from the ability of compound 2 e to inhibit the phosphorylation of HER1, HER2, and HER3. Therefore, these polyketide analogues might prove to be useful drug candidates for potential breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Joon Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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Dandapani S, Marcaurelle LA. Current strategies for diversity-oriented synthesis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2010; 14:362-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2009] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Mukherjee S, Kontokosta D, Patil A, Rallapalli S, Lee D. Improved method for the synthesis of beta-carbonyl silyl-1,3-dithianes by the double conjugate addition of 1,3-dithiol to propargylic carbonyl compounds. J Org Chem 2010; 74:9206-9. [PMID: 19877611 DOI: 10.1021/jo901950e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Base-mediated double conjugate addition of 1,3-propane dithiol to various silylated propargylic aldehydes and ketones allows for an efficient and scalable synthesis of beta-carbonyl silyl-1,3-dithianes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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20
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Menz H, Kirsch SF. Total synthesis of polyrhacitides A and B by use of an iterative strategy for the stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-polyol arrays. Org Lett 2009; 11:5634-7. [PMID: 19919037 DOI: 10.1021/ol902135v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first total syntheses of polyrhacitides A and B, secondary metabolites from Chinese medicinal ants, were accomplished via an iterative approach to the 1,3-polyol motif. For the construction of all stereogenic centers, the catalytic asymmetric Overman esterification was utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Menz
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universitat Munchen, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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21
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Targeting historically refractory interfaces: a partnership model that accelerates drug discovery within an expanded haystack. Future Med Chem 2009; 1:577-81. [PMID: 21426026 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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22
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Clive DLJ, Pham MP. Conversion of Weinreb Amides into Benzene Rings Incorporating the Amide Carbonyl Carbon. J Org Chem 2009; 74:1685-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jo802629w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick L. J. Clive
- Chemistry Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Mai P. Pham
- Chemistry Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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23
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Galloway WRJD, Bender A, Welch M, Spring DR. The discovery of antibacterial agents using diversity-oriented synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:2446-62. [DOI: 10.1039/b816852k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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Solinas R, DiCesare JC, Baures PW. Parallel synthesis of an imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamide library bearing amino acid esters and alkanamines. Molecules 2008; 13:3149-70. [PMID: 19078856 PMCID: PMC2651155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13123149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2008] [Revised: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid scaffold is readily derivatized with amino acid esters and alkanamines to afford compounds with intramolecularly hydrogen bonded conformations that mimic substituted purines and therefore are hypothesized to be potential inhibitors of kinases through competitive binding to the ATP site. In this work, a total of 126 dissymmetrically disubstituted imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamides with amino acid ester and alkanamide substituents were prepared by parallel synthesis. The library members were purified by column chromatography on silica gel and the purified compounds characterized by LC-MS with LC detection at 214 nm. A selection of the final compounds was also analyzed by (1)H-NMR spectroscopy. The analytically pure final products have been submitted to the Molecular Library Small Molecule Repository (MLSMR) for screening in the Molecular Library Screening Center Network (MLSCN) as part of the NIH Roadmap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Solinas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA.
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25
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Sarabia F, Martín-Gálvez F, García-Castro M, Chammaa S, Sánchez-Ruiz A, Tejón-Blanco JF. Epoxyamide-Based Strategy for the Synthesis of Polypropionate-Type Frameworks. J Org Chem 2008; 73:8979-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801728s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sarabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Martín-Gálvez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Samy Chammaa
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Sánchez-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - José F. Tejón-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
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26
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Synthetic studies directed toward amphidinol 2: elucidation of the relative configuration of the C1–C10 fragment. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Frankowski KJ, Neuenswander B, Aubé J. Explorations of stemona alkaloid-inspired analogues: skeletal modification and functional group diversification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 10:721-5. [PMID: 18698827 DOI: 10.1021/cc800078h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A tandem Diels-Alder/Schmidt reaction provided an efficient route for the exploration of unnatural Stemona alkaloid analogues. Thus, a series of tricyclic scaffolds were efficiently prepared and then elaborated into seven sets of functionalized analogues. These derivatives incorporated appended heterocycles, such as indoles and quinolines, or other diversity-incorporating moieties such as carbamates and amines. Both the scaffold-generation sequence and the diversification steps could be manipulated to provide regio- and diastereochemically pure products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Frankowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development, University of Kansas, Malott Hall, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, USA
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Arikan F, Li J, Menche D. Diastereodivergent aldol reactions of beta-alkoxy ethyl ketones: modular access to (1,4)-syn and -anti polypropionates. Org Lett 2008; 10:3521-4. [PMID: 18630925 DOI: 10.1021/ol801292t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric substrate-controlled aldol reactions of ethyl ketones of type 4 with aldehyde 3 are reported. Modular access to all possible syn- and anti-aldol products was obtained by careful choice of reaction conditions. To achieve good selectivities in this diastereodivergent approach, selection of the protective group on the beta-oxygen of the enolate (R (2)) was of critical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Arikan
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Organic Chemistry, INF 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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29
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Cordier C, Morton D, Murrison S, Nelson A, O'Leary-Steele C. Natural products as an inspiration in the diversity-oriented synthesis of bioactive compound libraries. Nat Prod Rep 2008; 25:719-37. [PMID: 18663392 PMCID: PMC2496956 DOI: 10.1039/b706296f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of diversity-oriented synthesis is to drive the discovery of small molecules with previously unknown biological functions. Natural products necessarily populate biologically relevant chemical space, since they bind both their biosynthetic enzymes and their target macromolecules. Natural product families are, therefore, libraries of pre-validated, functionally diverse structures in which individual compounds selectively modulate unrelated macromolecular targets. This review describes examples of diversity-oriented syntheses which have, to some extent, been inspired by the structures of natural products. Particular emphasis is placed on innovations that allow the synthesis of compound libraries that, like natural products, are skeletally diverse. Mimicking the broad structural features of natural products may allow the discovery of compounds that modulate the functions of macromolecules for which ligands are not known. The ability of innovations in diversity-oriented synthesis to deliver such compounds is critically assessed.
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30
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Thomas G, Spandl R, Glansdorp F, Welch M, Bender A, Cockfield J, Lindsay J, Bryant C, Brown D, Loiseleur O, Rudyk H, Ladlow M, Spring D. Anti-MRSA Agent Discovery Using Diversity-Oriented Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200705415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Thomas GL, Spandl RJ, Glansdorp FG, Welch M, Bender A, Cockfield J, Lindsay JA, Bryant C, Brown DFJ, Loiseleur O, Rudyk H, Ladlow M, Spring DR. Anti-MRSA agent discovery using diversity-oriented synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:2808-12. [PMID: 18307176 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200705415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma L Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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32
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Dhondi PK, Carberry P, Chisholm JD. Ligand effects in the rhodium-catalyzed addition of alkynes to aldehydes and diketones. Modification of the β-diketonate ligand. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Dhondi PK, Carberry P, Choi LB, Chisholm JD. Addition of alkynes to aldehydes and activated ketones catalyzed by rhodium-phosphine complexes. J Org Chem 2007; 72:9590-6. [PMID: 17999525 DOI: 10.1021/jo701643h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mixture of 2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl and dicarbonylacetonato rhodium(I) provides an effective catalyst system for the addition of alkynes to aldehydes and activated ketones. In contrast to the more common zinc-catalyzed processes, enolizable 1,2-dicarbonyls are excellent substrates for these rhodium-catalyzed additions. This reaction allows for the formation of propargylic alcohols under mild conditions, tolerating many functional groups (such as carboxylic acids) that are incompatible with other methods. Little selectivity was observed in cases of unsymmetrical 1,2-diketones. Addition of alkynes to aldehydes with an adjacent chirality center usually provides the Felkin addition product with excellent selectivity in some cases. Studies on the catalyst structure show that both the beta-diketonate and a carbon monoxide ligand appear to be bound to the active catalyst. The use of chiral phosphines to induce asymmetry in the propargyl alcohol products provided low enantioselectivity, which may be due to the phosphine having a distal relationship to the reacting centers. Modification of other ligands, such as the beta-diketonate, appears to be a more promising avenue for the development of an enantioselective variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan K Dhondi
- Department of Chemistry, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
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Kesavan S, Panek JS, Porco JA. Preparation of Alkylidene Indane and Related Scaffolds and Their Further Elaboration to Novel Chemotypes. Org Lett 2007; 9:5203-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ol7023778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarathy Kesavan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - James S. Panek
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
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35
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Binder JT, Kirsch SF. Iterative approach to polyketide-type structures: stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-polyols utilizing the catalytic asymmetric Overman esterification. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:4164-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b708248g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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