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Suresh R, Orbach N, Marek I. Synthesis of Stereodefined Polysubstituted Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13748-13753. [PMID: 38722207 PMCID: PMC11117409 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
We report a highly diastereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted bicyclobutanes possessing up to three stereodefined quaternary centers and five substituents. Our strategy involves a diastereoselective carbometalation of cyclopropenes followed by a cyclization to furnish the bicyclobutane ring system. This straightforward approach allows for the incorporation of a diverse range of substituents and functional groups, notably without the need for electron-withdrawing functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Suresh
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
and The Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Noam Orbach
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
and The Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
and The Resnick Sustainability Center for Catalysis, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
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2
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Abstract
The various facets of the chemistry of cyclopropane derivatives, the smallest carbocycle, are amazingly diverse and continue to fascinate theoreticians, synthetic or structural chemists having interest in fundamental physical, medicinal chemistry, and natural product synthesis. The challenges generated by this intriguing cyclic arrangement of only three tetravalent carbons represent a wide area of the chemical spectrum. From fundamental aspects of bonding through the synthesis of highly strained molecules, the understanding of the mode of action in biological systems to the selective cleavage into acyclic substrates makes the chemistry of these small rings fascinating. Therefore, efficient routes to prepare differently polysubstituted cyclopropanes have always been of a primordial importance. In the past decade, we and others have expanded the scope of the carbometalation reaction of cyclopropenes as a broad and general method to the formation of stereodefined cyclopropane derivatives. Although cyclopropenes, with their even higher strain energy, easily undergo addition reactions of organometallic reagents, their carbometalation reactions generate new regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity issues that needed to be addressed. These various stereochemical aspects accompanied our research from its origins to today, and we are proposing in this Account, a didactic overview of the different ways by which cyclopropenes can lead to the formation of polysubstituted cyclopropanes or open-products possessing several stereogenic centers as a single regio- and diastereomer.We initially launched our research campaign on the chemistry of these strained three-membered rings by the regio- and diastereoselective copper-catalyzed carbomagnesiation of enantiomerically enriched cyclopropenyl carbinols. The directing alcohol governed both the regio- and diastereoselectivity of the addition and also served as a good leaving group as it undergoes a selective 1,2-elimination reaction to provide enantioenriched alkylidenecyclopropanes in excellent yields and enantiomeric excesses. Then, we turned our attention to the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of stereodefined tri- and tetrasubstituted cyclopropanes through the diastereoselective addition to sp2- monosubstituted cyclopropenyl ester derivatives. With the aim to further expand this concept to the formation of penta- and hexa-substituted cyclopropanes as single isomer, we had first to design the preparation of the required 1,2-disubstituted cyclopropenes that would control the regioselective addition of the organometallic derivatives. The synthesis of penta- and hexa-substituted cyclopropanes was then reported for the first time as a single regio- and diastereomer. It should be noted that the in situ formed cyclopropyl-metal intermediate is configurationally stable and can be subsequently functionalized with pure retention of the configuration by addition of electrophiles. Then, the enantioselective-catalyzed carbometalation reaction of achiral cyclopropenes allowed the synthesis of several new classes of cyclopropane derivatives in high enantiomeric ratios. Finally, by combining the regio- and diastereoselective carbometalation reaction of a cyclopropene with a subsequent reaction of the resulting cyclopropylmetal species, a selective carbon-carbon bond cleavage was observed to lead to the preparation of acyclic substrates possessing several stereocenters including a quaternary carbon stereogenic center. Our original vision of using strain within an embedded double bond in a three-membered ring has provided new routes to the stereoselective synthesis of polysubstituted cyclopropanes and has been extremely successful, as it represents a current new tool for the synthesis of persubstituted cyclopropanes as a single diastereomer.
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3
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Cohen Y, Marek I. Directed Regioselective Carbometallation of 1,2-Dialkyl-Substituted Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26368-26372. [PMID: 34617656 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A regio- and diastereoselective copper-catalyzed carbomagnesiation of 1,2-dialkylated cyclopropenes is reported. The regioselectivity is controlled by a subtle tethered Lewis basic moiety. The chelating moieties allow the differentiation between two electronically tantamount organometallic intermediates. Further functionalization grants access to polysubstituted stereodefined cyclopropanes bearing up to five alkyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 3200009, Israel
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4
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Cohen Y, Marek I. Directed Regioselective Carbometallation of 1,2‐Dialkyl‐Substituted Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yair Cohen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City Haifa 3200009 Israel
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5
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Dian L, Marek I. Pd-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroalkynylation of Cyclopropenes. ACS Catal 2020; 10:1289-1293. [PMID: 32953232 PMCID: PMC7493299 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
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We report herein an easy, mild, and robust Pd-catalyzed
enantioselective
hydroalkynylation reaction of achiral cyclopropenes. Commercially
available Pd(acac)2 and (R)-DM-BINAP proved
to be the best combination to reach high diastereo- and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyang Dian
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
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6
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Edwards A, Rubin M. Directed Cu(I)-Catalyzed Carbomagnesiation of 1-Arylcycloprop-2-ene-1-carboxamides En Route to Densely Substituted Functionalized Cyclopropanes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8426-8448. [PMID: 29929370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed, directed addition of Grignard reagents across the strained C═C bond of cyclopropene-3-carboxamides was developed. It was demonstrated that the amide functionality serves as an ultimate directing group allowing for highly efficient control of diastereoselectivity of addition including stereoselectivity of electrophilic trapping with prochiral aldehydes. Also, regioselectivity of carbomagnesiation of cyclopropenes with a monosubstituted double bond is investigated. It was shown that in many cases this selectivity is controlled by steric factors and allows for preparation of products with a "reversed" regiochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Edwards
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kansas , 1567 Irving Hill Road , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Kansas , 1567 Irving Hill Road , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , North Caucasus Federal University , 1a Pushkin Street , Stavropol 355009 , Russian Federation
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7
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Abstract
Since the first discovery of carbocupration of alkynes in the 1970s a tremendous amount of research has been carried out in this field. The exceptionally high selectivities obtained attribute to the great synthetic value of carbocupration reactions. This tutorial review will present the most important features of carbocupration of alkynes and highlight the most relevant reviews. Then a comprehensive review of copper mediated carbometalation of cyclopropenes will follow. The latter method has received much attention over the last decade as it allows the highly selective construction of poly-substituted cyclopropanes which can be transformed into acyclic derivatives bearing one or multiple tertiary or quaternary carbon stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Müller
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
| | - I Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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8
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Börjesson M, Moragas T, Martin R. Ni-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Unactivated Alkyl Chlorides with CO2. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7504-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marino Börjesson
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Toni Moragas
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluïs Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Archambeau A, Nguyen DV, Meyer C, Cossy J. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Isomerization of Cyclopropenylmethyl Esters into (Acyloxymethylene)cyclopropanes. Chemistry 2016; 22:6100-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Archambeau
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique; Institute of Chemistry, Biology, and Innovation (CBI); ESPCI Paris, CNRS (UMR 8231); PSL Research University; 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Dinh-Vu Nguyen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique; Institute of Chemistry, Biology, and Innovation (CBI); ESPCI Paris, CNRS (UMR 8231); PSL Research University; 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Christophe Meyer
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique; Institute of Chemistry, Biology, and Innovation (CBI); ESPCI Paris, CNRS (UMR 8231); PSL Research University; 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique; Institute of Chemistry, Biology, and Innovation (CBI); ESPCI Paris, CNRS (UMR 8231); PSL Research University; 10 rue Vauquelin 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
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10
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Wang X, Liu Y, Martin R. Ni-Catalyzed Divergent Cyclization/Carboxylation of Unactivated Primary and Secondary Alkyl Halides with CO2. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6476-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Wang
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluïs Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Marek I, Masarwa A, Delaye PO, Leibeling M. Selective Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Acyclic Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:414-29. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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12
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Marek I, Masarwa A, Delaye PO, Leibeling M. Selektive C-C-Bindungsspaltung zur stereoselektiven Synthese acyclischer Systeme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Shimizu Y, Kanai M. Recent progress in copper-catalyzed difunctionalization of unactivated carboncarbon multiple bonds. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Marek I, Minko Y, Pasco M, Mejuch T, Gilboa N, Chechik H, Das JP. All-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers in acyclic systems through the creation of several C-C bonds per chemical step. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2682-94. [PMID: 24512113 DOI: 10.1021/ja410424g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the past few decades, it has become clear that asymmetric catalysis is one of the most powerful methods for the construction of carbon-carbon as well as carbon-heteroatom bonds in a stereoselective manner. However, when structural complexity increases (i.e., all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center), the difficulty in reaching the desired adducts through asymmetric catalytic reactions leads to a single carbon-carbon bond-forming event per chemical step between two components. Issues of efficiency and convergence should therefore be addressed to avoid extraneous chemical steps. In this Perspective, we present approaches that tackle the stimulating problem of efficiency while answering interesting synthetic challenges. Ideally, if one could create all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers via the creation of several new carbon-carbon bonds in an acyclic system and in a single-pot operation from simple precursors, it would certainly open new horizons toward solving the synthetic problems. Even more important for any further design, the presence of polyreactive intermediates in synthesis (bismetalated, carbenoid, and oxenoids species) becomes now an indispensable tool, as it creates consecutively the same number of carbon-carbon bonds as in a multi-step process, but in a single-pot operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
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15
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Didier D, Delaye PO, Simaan M, Island B, Eppe G, Eijsberg H, Kleiner A, Knochel P, Marek I. Modulable and Highly Diastereoselective Carbometalations of Cyclopropenes. Chemistry 2013; 20:1038-48. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Delaye PO, Didier D, Marek I. Diastereodivergent Carbometalation/Oxidation/Selective Ring Opening: Formation of All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers in Acyclic Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Delaye PO, Didier D, Marek I. Diastereodivergent Carbometalation/Oxidation/Selective Ring Opening: Formation of All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers in Acyclic Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5333-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Murakami K, Yorimitsu H. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed intermolecular carbomagnesiation and carbozincation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:278-302. [PMID: 23503106 PMCID: PMC3596116 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbomagnesiation and carbozincation reactions are efficient and direct routes to prepare complex and stereodefined organomagnesium and organozinc reagents. However, carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds are generally unreactive toward organomagnesium and organozinc reagents. Thus, transition metals were employed to accomplish the carbometalation involving wide varieties of substrates and reagents. Recent advances of transition-metal-catalyzed carbomagnesiation and carbozincation reactions are reviewed in this article. The contents are separated into five sections: carbomagnesiation and carbozincation of (1) alkynes bearing an electron-withdrawing group; (2) alkynes bearing a directing group; (3) strained cyclopropenes; (4) unactivated alkynes or alkenes; and (5) substrates that have two carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds (allenes, dienes, enynes, or diynes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Murakami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hideki Yorimitsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Department of Research Projects (ACT-C), Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
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19
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Pasco M, Gilboa N, Mejuch T, Marek I. The Renaissance of Zinc Carbenoid in Stereoselective Synthesis in Acyclic Systems. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Pasco
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic
Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Lise Meitner-Minerva
Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000,
Israel
| | - Noga Gilboa
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic
Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Lise Meitner-Minerva
Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000,
Israel
| | - Tom Mejuch
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic
Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Lise Meitner-Minerva
Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000,
Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic
Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Lise Meitner-Minerva
Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000,
Israel
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20
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Hassink MD, Fox JM. Functionalized Cyclopropenes and Methylenecyclopropenes from Dianions of 3-Hydroxymethylcyclopropenes. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2012; 44:2843-2850. [PMID: 23125466 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1290822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Disubstituted-3-hydroxymethylcyclopropene derivatives have been synthesized by reacting the dianions of 1-alkyl-3-hydroxymethylcyclopropenes with a range of electrophiles. Additionally, a complementary procedure is described for one-pot sequential alkylation/rearrangement to provide a convenient synthesis of a chiral methylenecyclopropane directly from a 1-alkyl-3-hydroxymethylcyclopropene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Hassink
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark DE 19716, USA
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21
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Tarwade V, Selvaraj R, Fox JM. Facially selective Cu-catalyzed carbozincation of cyclopropenes using arylzinc reagents formed by sequential I/Mg/Zn exchange. J Org Chem 2012; 77:9900-4. [PMID: 23035947 DOI: 10.1021/jo3019076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Described is a Cu-catalyzed directed carbozincation of cyclopropenes with organozinc reagents prepared by I/Mg/Zn exchange. This protocol broadens the scope with respect to functional group tolerance and enables use of aryl iodide precursors, rather than purified diorganozinc precursors. Critical to diastereoselectivity of the carbozincation step is the removal of magnesium halide salts after transmetalation with ZnCl(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Tarwade
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, United States
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22
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Basheer A, Mishima M, Marek I. Regioselective Carbon–Carbon Bond Cleavage in the Oxidation of Cyclopropenylcarbinols. Org Lett 2011; 13:4076-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201581c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Basheer
- Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 Israel, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mishima
- Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 Israel, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Ilan Marek
- Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 Israel, and Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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Abstract
This critical review discusses recent developments in the field of cyclopropene chemistry. Although several excellent reviews that mainly focused on the thermolysis and pyrolysis as well as metal-mediated reactions of cyclopropenes have been published, significant new developments have also been achieved in recent years. This brand new review provides an overview of the progress from 2007 to 2011 on the syntheses and transformations of cyclopropenes as well as their related mechanistic studies (238 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, China 200032
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24
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Masarwa A, Marek I. Selectivity in metal-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond cleavage of alkylidenecyclopropanes. Chemistry 2010; 16:9712-21. [PMID: 20607773 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
When more complex system leads to simpler reactivity profile; the ring-opening of strained three-membered rings such as methylene- and alkylidenecyclopropanes generally lead to several products. If one starts with more functionalized carbon skeletons, selective reactions are now observed and rationalization as well as synthetic applications are described in this concept article. This methodology could be used to the preparation of challenging structural motifs possessing quaternary carbon stereocenters in acyclic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Masarwa
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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25
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Tarwade V, Liu X, Yan N, Fox JM. Directed carbozincation reactions of cyclopropene derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:5382-3. [PMID: 19323580 DOI: 10.1021/ja900949n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A diastereoselective procedure has been developed for the Cu-catalyzed addition of diorganozinc reagents to cyclopropene derivatives. Ester and oxazolidinone functions direct the addition of a variety of organozinc reagents with excellent facial selectivity. The resulting cyclopropylzinc reagents can be captured via stereospecific reactions with electrophiles. Cycloprop-2-ene carboxylic esters, which are directly available from the transition-metal-catalyzed reactions of alkynes with alpha-diazo esters, can be utilized directly in carbozincation protocols. Both diastereoselectivity and regioselectivity are high for the carbozincation reactions of 2-alkylcycloprop-2-ene carboxylate esters. The scope of the method is broadened by the ability to utilize organozinc reagents that have been generated in situ from Grignard reagents. Chiral oxazolidinone auxilaries are effective in controlling the diastereoselectivity of the carbometalation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Tarwade
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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Xie X, Yang Z, Fox JM. Stereospecific synthesis of alkylidenecyclopropanes via sequential cyclopropene carbomagnesation/1,3-carbon shift. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3847-50. [PMID: 20462206 DOI: 10.1021/jo1002938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alkylidenecyclopropanes can be synthesized from enantiomerically enriched cyclopropene derivatives with >99% stereotransfer and good to excellent yield. The protocol comprises the stereoselective reaction of Grignard reagents with 1-alkoxymethyl-3-hydroxymethylcyclopropenes and a stereospecific [1,3] carbon shift reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Xie
- Brown Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark 19716, USA
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Banning JE, Prosser AR, Rubin M. Thermodynamic Control of Diastereoselectivity in the Formal Nucleophilic Substitution of Bromocyclopropanes. Org Lett 2010; 12:1488-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol100187c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Banning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wesoce Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-75832
| | - Anthony R. Prosser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wesoce Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-75832
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wesoce Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-75832
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Simaan S, Marek I. Hydroformylation Reaction of Alkylidenecyclopropane Derivatives: A New Pathway for the Formation of Acyclic Aldehydes Containing Quaternary Stereogenic Carbons. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:4066-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja100544c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samah Simaan
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32 000, Israel
| | - Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32 000, Israel
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30
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Simaan S, F. G. Goldberg A, Rosset S, Marek I. Metal-Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Alkylidenecyclopropanes: New Access to Building Blocks with an Acyclic Quaternary Stereogenic Center. Chemistry 2009; 16:774-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Simaan S, Masarwa A, Zohar E, Stanger A, Bertus P, Marek I. Cyclopropenylcarbinol Derivatives as New Versatile Intermediates in Organic Synthesis: Application to the Formation of Enantiomerically Pure Alkylidenecyclopropane Derivatives. Chemistry 2009; 15:8449-8464. [PMID: 19609999 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samah Simaan
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and the Lise Meitner-Minerva, Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 (Israel), Fax: (+972) 4 829 3709
| | - Ahmad Masarwa
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and the Lise Meitner-Minerva, Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 (Israel), Fax: (+972) 4 829 3709
| | - Elinor Zohar
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and the Lise Meitner-Minerva, Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 (Israel), Fax: (+972) 4 829 3709
| | - Amnon Stanger
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and the Lise Meitner-Minerva, Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 (Israel), Fax: (+972) 4 829 3709
| | - Philippe Bertus
- CNRS UMR 6011, Unite de Chimie Organique et Moleculaire (UCO2M), Universite du Maine, Avenue O. Messian, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9 (France)
| | - Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, and the Lise Meitner-Minerva, Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000 (Israel), Fax: (+972) 4 829 3709
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32
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Masarwa A, Fürstner A, Marek I. Metal-catalyzed rearrangement of enantiomerically pure alkylidenecyclopropane derivatives as a new access to cyclobutenes possessing quaternary stereocenters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:5760-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b910465h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Simaan S, Marek I. Copper-catalyzed hydride transfer from LiAlH4 for the formation of alkylidenecyclopropane derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:292-4. [PMID: 19209306 DOI: 10.1039/b817710d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samah Simaan
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
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34
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Sherrill WM, Rubin M. Rhodium-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Cyclopropenes. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:13804-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja805059f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William M. Sherrill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas and Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582
| | - Michael Rubin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas and Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Malott Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582
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Wang Y, Fordyce E, Chen F, Lam H. Stereoselective Synthesis of Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Alkenes by Iron-Catalyzed Carbometalation Ring-Opening Reactions of Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:7350-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Stereoselective Synthesis of Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Alkenes by Iron-Catalyzed Carbometalation Ring-Opening Reactions of Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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39
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Abramovitch A, Fensterbank L, Malacria M, Marek I. Convergent Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure Polyalkylated Cyclopropane Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6865-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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40
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Abramovitch A, Fensterbank L, Malacria M, Marek I. Convergent Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure Polyalkylated Cyclopropane Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Levin A, Marek I. Cyclopropenyllithiums as a new source of 1,1-bismetalated cyclopropyl derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4300-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b807635a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Kolodney G, Sklute G, Perrone S, Knochel P, Marek I. Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Homoallylic Amine Derivatives Containing Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:9291-4. [PMID: 17893895 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goren Kolodney
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Kolodney G, Sklute G, Perrone S, Knochel P, Marek I. Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Homoallylic Amine Derivatives Containing Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Marek I, Simaan S, Masarwa A. Enantiomerically enriched cyclopropene derivatives: versatile building blocks in asymmetric synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:7364-76. [PMID: 17663496 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomerically enriched cyclopropene derivatives, the smallest possible unsaturated carbocycles, are of great synthetic interest since they serve as versatile reactive building blocks. Their reactivity results from the relief of the ring strain in the small molecule. They can be transformed into a wide variety of complex chiral structures and a special emphasis will be directed towards the preparation of enantiomerically enriched methylene- and alkylidenecyclopropane derivatives. The ready availability of a wide range of these chiral entities now provides an excellent opportunity to discover new and unique transformations that can further enrich mainstream synthetic methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Marek
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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46
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Masarwa A, Stanger A, Marek I. An Efficient, Facile, and General Stereoselective Synthesis of Heterosubstituted Alkylidenecyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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47
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Masarwa A, Stanger A, Marek I. An Efficient, Facile, and General Stereoselective Synthesis of Heterosubstituted Alkylidenecyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:8039-42. [PMID: 17854109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Masarwa
- The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational, Quantum Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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48
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Marek I, Simaan S, Masarwa A. Enantiomerenangereicherte Cyclopropene: vielseitige Bausteine in der asymmetrischen Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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