1
|
Mekhail MA, Pota K, Kharel S, Freire DM, Green KN. Pyridine modifications regulate the electronics and reactivity of Fe-pyridinophane complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:892-901. [PMID: 36537287 PMCID: PMC10903111 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
12-Membered pyridinophanes are the focus of many studies as biological mimics, chelators, and catalytic precursors. Therefore, the desire to tune the reactivity of pyridinophanes to better control the applications of derivative metal complexes has inspired many structure-activity relationship studies. However, the separation of structural versus electronic changes imparted by ligand modification has made these structure-activity relationship studies of transition metal catalysts challenging to define. In this work we show that 4-substitution of the pyridine ring in 12-membered tetra-aza pyridinophanes successfully provides a regulatory handle on the electronic properties of the metal center and, therefore, the catalytic C-C coupling activity of the respective iron complexes. The C-C coupling reaction catalyzed by Fe(L1-L6) provides a range of yields (32-58%) that directly correlate with iron redox potentials (ΔE1/2 = 152 mV) and metal binding constants (Δlog β = 3.45), while the geometry of the complexes was virtually indistinguishable. These are the first results to definitively show the redox potential and metal binding as independent properties from the coordination chemistry in one ligand series. Adjustments to these chemical properties were then shown to provide a regulatory handle for the C-C coupling reactivity tuned via pyridine substitution in pyridinophanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magy A Mekhail
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA.
| | - Kristof Pota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA.
| | - Sugam Kharel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA.
| | - David M Freire
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA.
| | - Kayla N Green
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Substituent-Dependent Divergent Synthesis of 2-(3-Amino-2,4-dicyanophenyl)pyrroles, Pyrrolyldienols and 3-Amino-1-acylethylidene-2-cyanopyrrolizines via Reaction of Acylethynylpyrroles with Malononitrile. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238528. [PMID: 36500621 PMCID: PMC9737003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of pharmaceutically and high-tech prospective 2-(3-amino-2,4-dicyanophenyl)pyrroles (in up to 88% yield) via the reaction of easily available substituted acylethynylpyrroles with malononitrile has been developed. The reaction proceeds in the KOH/MeCN system at 0 °C for 2 h. In the case of 2-acylethynylpyrroles without substituents in the pyrrole ring, the reaction changes direction: instead of the target 2-(3-amino-2,4-dicyanophenyl)pyrroles, the unexpected formation of pyrrolyldienols and products of their intramolecular cyclization, 3-amino-1-acylethylidene-2-cyanopyrrolizines, is observed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Sohail M, Bilal M, Maqbool T, Rasool N, Ammar M, Mahmood S, Malik A, Zubair M, Abbas Ashraf G. Iron-catalyzed synthesis of N-heterocycles via intermolecular and intramolecular cyclization reactions: A review. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
4
|
Nickel Supported MCM-Functionalized 1,2,3-Triazol-4-ylmethanamine: An Efficient Nano-particle-Heterogeneous Catalyst Activate for Suzuki Reaction. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03802-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
5
|
Petkovic M, Savic V, Jovanovic M, Jovanovic P, Simic M, Tasic G. Dual Role of the Arylating Agent in a Highly C(2)-Selective Pd-Catalysed Functionalisation of Pyrrole Derivatives. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1758-6312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPyrrole derivatives with C(2)-aryl substituents are an important and widespread class of heterocyclic compounds. Their synthesis can be accomplished using several strategic variants which usually entail either protection of the N–H functionality followed by the arylation, or a direct arylation. Although direct arylation is a preferable process due to a reduced number of synthetic steps, it often requires vigorous conditions or challenging reagents. To this synthetic repertoire, we add a novel method that is based on the dual role of the arylating agent. It serves as the nitrogen protecting group while also being involved in the arylation step. Deprotection as a final stage is carried out simultaneously utilising amines as reacting components. This approach ensures relatively mild conditions and exclusive C(2) selectivity yielding 2-arylpyrroles with the amide functionality. While aromatic amines are not suitable partners under studied conditions, most likely due to lower nucleophilicity, aliphatic amines, either primary or secondary, afford products in good yields.
Collapse
|
6
|
Panza N, Tseberlidis G, Caselli A, Vicente R. Recent progresses in the chemistry of 12-membered pyridine-containing tetraazamacrocycles: From synthesis to catalysis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10635-10657. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00597b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview (non-comprehensive) on recent developments regarding pyridine-containing 12-membered tetraazamacrocycles with pyclen or Py2N2 backbones and their metal complexes from 2017 to the present. Firstly, the synthesis...
Collapse
|
7
|
Martínez-Camarena Á, Savastano M, Blasco S, Delgado-Pinar E, Giorgi C, Bianchi A, García-España E, Bazzicalupi C. Assembly of Polyiodide Networks with Cu(II) Complexes of Pyridinol-Based Tetraaza Macrocycles. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:368-383. [PMID: 34933551 PMCID: PMC8753606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Polyiodide networks
are currently of great practical interest for
the preparation of new electronic materials. The participation of
metals in the formation of these networks is believed to improve their
mechanical performance and thermal stability. Here we report the results
on the construction of polyiodide networks obtained using Cu(II) complexes
of a series of pyridinol-based tetraazacyclophanes as countercations.
The assembly of these crystalline polyiodides takes place from aqueous
solutions on the basis of similar structural elements, the [CuL]2+ and [Cu(H–1L)]+ (L = L2, L2-Me, L2-Me3) complex cations, so that the peculiarities induced by the
increase of N-methylation of ligands, the structural variable of ligands,
can be highlighted. First, solution equilibria involving ligands and
complexes were analyzed (potentiometry, NMR, UV–vis, ITC).
Then, the appropriate conditions could be selected to prepare polyiodides
based on the above complex cations. Single-crystal XRD analysis showed
that the coordination of pyridinol units to two metal ions is a prime
feature of these ligands, leading to polymeric coordination chains
of general formula {[Cu(H–1L)]}nn+ (L = L2-Me, L2-Me3). In the presence of the I–/I2 couple, the polymerization tendency
stops with the formation of [(CuL)(CuH–1L)]3+ (L = L2-Me, L2-Me3) dimers which are surrounded by polyiodide networks. Moreover,
coordination of the pyridinol group to two metal ions transforms the
surface charge of the ring from negative to markedly positive, generating
a suitable environment for the assembly of polyiodide anions, while
N-methylation shifts the directional control of the assembly from
H-bonds to I···I interactions. In fact, an extended
concatenation of iodine atoms occurs around the complex dimeric cations,
the supramolecular I···I interactions become shorter
and shorter, fading into stronger forces dominated by the orbital
overlap, which is promising for effective electronic materials. Polyiodides with high iodine density
are generated by Cu(II)
complexes of pyridinol-based tetraazacyclophanes. Direct coordination
of iodine atoms to Cu(II), anion−π interactions with
electron-poor aromatic surfaces, and shift of the directional control
of assembly from H-bonds to I···I interactions, governed
by N-methylation, are the main elements leading to enhanced iodine
chaining and strengthening of I···I contacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Martínez-Camarena
- ICMol, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Matteo Savastano
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Salvador Blasco
- ICMol, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Estefanía Delgado-Pinar
- ICMol, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, CQC, University of Coimbra, P3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Claudia Giorgi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrique García-España
- ICMol, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cao Y, Shih WC, Bhuvanesh N, Zhou J, Ozerov OV. Cooperative C-H activation of pyridine by PBP complexes of Rh and Ir can lead to bridging 2-pyridyls with different connectivity to the B-M unit. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14167-14173. [PMID: 34760201 PMCID: PMC8565379 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01850g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridine and quinoline undergo selective C–H activation in the 2-position with Rh and Ir complexes of a boryl/bis(phosphine) PBP pincer ligand, resulting in a 2-pyridyl bridging the transition metal and the boron center. Examination of this reactivity with Rh and Ir complexes carrying different non-pincer ligands on the transition metal led to the realization of the possible isomerism derived from the 2-pyridyl fragment connecting either via B–N/C–M bonds or via B–C/N–M bonds. This M–C/M–N isomerism was systematically examined for four structural types. Each of these types has a defined set of ligands on Rh/Ir besides 2-pyridyl and PBP. A pair of M–C/M–N isomers for each type was computationally examined for Rh and for Ir, totaling 16 compounds. Several of these compounds were isolated or observed in solution by experimental methods, in addition to a few 2-quinolyl variants. The DFT predictions concerning the thermodynamic preference within each M–C/M–N isomeric match the experimental findings very well. In two cases where DFT predicts <2 kcal mol−1 difference in free energy, both isomers were experimentally observed in solution. Analysis of the structural data, of the relevant Wiberg bond indices, and of the ETS-NOCV partitioning of the interaction of the 2-pyridyl fragment with the rest of the molecule points to the strength of the M–C(pyridyl) bond as the dominant parameter determining the relative M–C/M–N isomer favorability. This M–C bond is always stronger for the analogous Ir vs. Rh compounds, but the nature of the ligand trans to it has a significant influence, as well. DFT calculations were used to evaluate the mechanism of isomerization for one of the molecule types. The thermodynamic preference between two isomeric products of C–H activation of pyridine, with 2-pyridyl bridging boron and iridium or rhodium, primarily depends on the M–C bond strength.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station Texas 77842 USA
| | - Wei-Chun Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station Texas 77842 USA
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station Texas 77842 USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China
| | - Oleg V Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station Texas 77842 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of rotamers in the series of 2-(fluoroaryl)-4-substituted pyrroles. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
10
|
Brewer SM, Schwartz TM, Mekhail MA, Turan LS, Prior TJ, Hubin TJ, Janesko BG, Green KN. Mechanistic Insights into Iron-Catalyzed C–H Bond Activation and C–C Coupling. Organometallics 2021; 40:2467-2477. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M. Brewer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Timothy M. Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Magy A. Mekhail
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Lara S. Turan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Timothy J. Prior
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
| | - Timothy J. Hubin
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, 100 Campus Drive, Weatherford, Oklahoma 73096, United States
| | - Benjamin G. Janesko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kayla N. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hunjan MK, Panday S, Gupta A, Bhaumik J, Das P, Laha JK. Recent Advances in Functionalization of Pyrroles and their Translational Potential. CHEM REC 2021; 21:715-780. [PMID: 33650751 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Among the known aromatic nitrogen heterocycles, pyrrole represents a privileged aromatic heterocycle ranging its occurrence in the key component of "pigments of life" to biologically active natural products to active pharmaceuticals. Pyrrole being an electron-rich heteroaromatic compound, its predominant functionalization is legendary to aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions. Although a few excellent reviews on the functionalization of pyrroles including the reports by Baltazzi in 1963, Casiraghi and Rassu in 1995, and Banwell in 2006 are available, they are fragmentary and over fifteen years old, and do not cover the modern aspects of catalysis. A review covering a comprehensive package of direct functionalization on pyrroles via catalytic and non-catalytic methods including their translational potential is described. Subsequent to statutory yet concise introduction, the classical functionalization on pyrroles using Lewis acids largely following an ionic mechanism is discussed. The subsequent discussion follows the various metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization on pyrroles, which are otherwise difficult to implement by Lewis acids. A major emphasize is given on the radical based pyrrole functionalization under metal-free oxidative conditions, which is otherwise poorly highlighted in the literature. Towards the end, the current development of pyrrole functionalization under photocatalyzed and electrochemical conditions is appended. Only a selected examples of substrates and important mechanisms are discussed for different methods highlighting their scopes and limitations. The aromatic nucleophillic substitution on pyrroles (being an electron-rich heterocycle) happened to be the subject of recent investigations, which has also been covered accentuating their underlying conceptual development. Despite great achievements over the past several years in these areas, many challenges and problems are yet to be solved, which are all discussed in summary and outlook.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Kaur Hunjan
- Department of Pharmaceutial Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
| | - Surabhi Panday
- Department of Pharmaceutial Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
| | - Anjali Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutial Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
| | - Jayeeta Bhaumik
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, Sector 81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S., Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, 826004, India
| | - Joydev K Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutial Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen W, Li HJ, Cheng YF, Wu YC. Direct C2-arylation of N-acyl pyrroles with aryl halides under palladium catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1555-1564. [PMID: 33506844 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02579h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
C2-arylation of N-acyl pyrroles with aryl halides is developed for the first time using Pd(PPh3)4 as a catalyst in combination with Ag2CO3 under air, which allowed the application of a good compatibility catalytic system. This protocol provides a straightforward method for the preparation of valuable arylated pyrroles in moderate to good yields under the standard conditions with good substrate tolerance. Interestingly, while N-benzoyl pyrroles reacted well, the use of substrates with a thiophene or furan ring indicated that the thiophene and furan rings are more reactive than pyrrole for the present catalytic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, P.R. China.
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, P.R. China. and Weihai Huiankang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Weihai 264200, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Fei Cheng
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, P.R. China.
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaloğlu M, Kaloğlu N, Özdemir İ. Palladium-PEPPSI-NHC Complexes Bearing Imidazolidin-2-Ylidene Ligand: Efficient Precatalysts for the Direct C5-Arylation of N-Methylpyrrole-2-Carboxaldehyde. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
14
|
Che YY, Yue Y, Lin LZ, Pei B, Deng X, Feng C. Palladium-Catalyzed Electrophilic Functionalization of Pyridine Derivatives through Phosphonium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16414-16419. [PMID: 32533596 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a highly efficient and practical method for pyridine-derived heterobiaryl synthesis through palladium-catalyzed electrophilic functionalization of easily available pyridine-derived quaternary phosphonium salts. The nice generality of this reaction was goes beyond arylation, enabling facile incorporation of diverse carbon-based fragments, including alkenyl, alkynyl, and also allyl fragments, onto the pyridine core. Notably, the silver salt additive is revealed to be of vital importance for the success of this transformation and its pivotal role as transmetallation mediator, which guarantees a smooth transfer of pyridyl group to palladium intermediate, is also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Che
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Yue
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Zhi Lin
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Pei
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xuezu Deng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Che Y, Yue Y, Lin L, Pei B, Deng X, Feng C. Palladium‐Catalyzed Electrophilic Functionalization of Pyridine Derivatives through Phosphonium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan‐Yuan Che
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF)Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yanni Yue
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF)Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Ling‐Zhi Lin
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF)Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Pei
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF)Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xuezu Deng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF)Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF)Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stabilisation of Exotic Tribromide (Br 3-) Anions via Supramolecular Interaction with A Tosylated Macrocyclic Pyridinophane. A Serendipitous Case. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143155. [PMID: 32664239 PMCID: PMC7396983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraaza-macrocyclic pyridinophane L-Ts, decorated with a p-toluenesulfonyl (tosyl; Ts) group, appear to be a useful tool to provide evidence on how the interplay of various supramolecular forces can help stabilise exotic anionic species such as tribromide (Br3−) anions. Indeed, crystals of (H2L-Ts)(Br3)1.5(NO3)0.5 unexpectedly grew from an acidic (HNO3) aqueous solution of L-Ts in the presence of Br− anions. The crystal structure of this compound was determined by single crystal XRD analysis. Hydrogen bonds, salt-bridges, anion-π, π-π stacking, and van der Waals interactions contribute to stabilising the crystal lattice. The observation of two independent Br3− anions stuck over the π-electron densities of pyridine and tosyl ligand groups, one of them being sandwiched between two pyridine rings, corroborates the significance of anion-π interactions for N-containing heterocycles. We show herein the possibility of detecting anion-π contacts from fingerprint plots generated by Hirshfeld surface analysis, demonstrating the effective usage of this structural investigation technique to further dissect individual contributions of stabilising supramolecular forces.
Collapse
|
17
|
Muntzeck M, Pippert F, Wilhelm R. Tetraalkylammonium-based ionic liquids for a RuCl3 catalyzed C–H activated homocoupling. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
18
|
Yepremyan A, Mekhail MA, Niebuhr BP, Pota K, Sadagopan N, Schwartz TM, Green KN. Synthesis of 12-Membered Tetra-aza Macrocyclic Pyridinophanes Bearing Electron-Withdrawing Groups. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4988-4998. [PMID: 32208700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The number of substituted pyridine pyridinophanes found in the literature is limited due to challenges associated with 12-membered macrocycle and modified pyridine synthesis. Most notably, the electrophilic character at the 4-position of pyridine in pyridinophanes presents a unique challenge for introducing electrophilic chemical groups. Likewise, of the few reported, most substituted pyridine pyridinophanes in the literature are limited to electron-donating functionalities. Herein, new synthetic strategies for four new macrocycles bearing the electron-withdrawing groups CN, Cl, NO2, and CF3 are introduced. Potentiometric titrations were used to determine the protonation constants of the new pyridinophanes. Further, the influence of such modifications on the chemical behavior is predicted by comparing the potentiometric results to previously reported systems. X-ray diffraction analysis of the 4-Cl substituted species and its Cu(II) complex are also described to demonstrate the metal binding nature of these ligands. DFT analysis is used to support the experimental findings through energy calculations and ESP maps. These new molecules serve as a foundation to access a range of new pyridinophane small molecules and applications in future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akop Yepremyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 W. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Magy A Mekhail
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 W. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Brian P Niebuhr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 W. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kristof Pota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 W. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Nishanth Sadagopan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 W. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Timothy M Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 W. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kayla N Green
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 W. Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mekhail MA, Pota K, Schwartz TM, Green KN. Functionalized pyridine in pyclen-based iron( iii) complexes: evaluation of fundamental properties. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31165-31170. [PMID: 34094507 PMCID: PMC8174454 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Six iron(iii) pyridinophane complexes were evaluated to determine whether functionalizing the pyridine ring could introduce a handle by which electrochemical properties and thermodynamic stability can be tuned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magy A. Mekhail
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Kristof Pota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Timothy M. Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| | - Kayla N. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas Christian University
- Fort Worth
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kumar M, Sharma S, Sil P, Kushwaha M, Mayor S, Vishwakarma RA, Singh PP. C-H Arylation of N
-Heteroarenes under Metal-Free Conditions and its Application towards the Synthesis of Pentabromo- and Pentachloropseudilins. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road -180001 Jammu India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road -180001 Jammu India
| | - Parijat Sil
- National Centre for Biological Sciences; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research; GKVK; Bellary Road 560065 Bangalore- India
| | - Manoj Kushwaha
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road -180001 Jammu India
| | - Satyajit Mayor
- National Centre for Biological Sciences; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research; GKVK; Bellary Road 560065 Bangalore- India
| | - Ram A. Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road -180001 Jammu India
| | - Parvinder Pal Singh
- Medicinal Chemistry Division; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine; Canal Road -180001 Jammu India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang L, Uemura N, Nakao Y. meta-Selective C–H Borylation of Benzamides and Pyridines by an Iridium–Lewis Acid Bifunctional Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:7972-7979. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Yang
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Nao Uemura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakao
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chakraborty S, Ahmed J, Shaw BK, Jose A, Mandal SK. An Iron-Based Long-Lived Catalyst for Direct C-H Arylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes. Chemistry 2018; 24:17651-17655. [PMID: 30246421 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Direct C-H arylation of arenes and heteroarenes to biaryls at ambient temperature has been accomplished using a phenalenyl-supported iron(III) catalyst. The present catalyst requires a chemical reductant such as potassium and functions without any light stimulation. C-H arylation of various heteroarenes including pyridine as well as unactivated arene such as benzene delivered good to excellent yield (28 examples, up to 92 %) at room temperature. A combined effort based on experiments and theoretical calculations established that a phenalenyl-based radical species (generated by chemical reduction of the iron(III) coordinated phenalenyl complex) plays key role during the catalysis. Furthermore, this catalyst displayed remarkable stability during the catalysis, as evident from the fact that it was still usable over ten consecutive catalytic runs without losing its catalytic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Bikash Kumar Shaw
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Anex Jose
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-, 741246, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhou Y, Deng S, Mai S, Song Q. Cu-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Ring-Opening of 3-Aminoindazoles for the Synthesis of Aromatic Nitrile-Containing (Hetero)Arenes. Org Lett 2018; 20:6161-6165. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shuilin Deng
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyu Mai
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Brewer SM, Wilson KR, Jones DG, Reinheimer EW, Archibald SJ, Prior TJ, Ayala MA, Foster AL, Hubin TJ, Green KN. Increase of Direct C-C Coupling Reaction Yield by Identifying Structural and Electronic Properties of High-Spin Iron Tetra-azamacrocyclic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:8890-8902. [PMID: 30024738 PMCID: PMC7067264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Macrocyclic ligands have been explored extensively as scaffolds for transition metal catalysts for oxygen and hydrogen atom transfer reactions. C-C reactions facilitated using earth abundant metals bound to macrocyclic ligands have not been well-understood but could be a green alternative to replacing the current expensive and toxic precious metal systems most commonly used for these processes. Therefore, the yields from direct Suzuki-Miyaura C-C coupling of phenylboronic acid and pyrrole to produce 2-phenylpyrrole facilitated by eight high-spin iron complexes ([Fe3+L1(Cl)2]+, [Fe3+L4(Cl)2]+, [Fe2+L5(Cl)]+, [Fe2+L6(Cl)2], [Fe3+L7(Cl)2]+, [Fe3+L8(Cl)2]+, [Fe2+L9(Cl)]+, and [Fe2+L10(Cl)]+) were compared to identify the effect of structural and electronic properties on catalytic efficiency. Specifically, catalyst complexes were compared to evaluate the effect of five properties on catalyst reaction yields: (1) the coordination requirements of the catalyst, (2) redox half-potential of each complex, (3) topological constraint/rigidity, (4) N atom modification(s) increasing oxidative stability of the complex, and (5) geometric parameters. The need for two labile cis-coordination sites was confirmed based on a 42% decrease in catalytic reaction yield observed when complexes containing pentadentate ligands were used in place of complexes with tetradentate ligands. A strong correlation between iron(III/II) redox potential and catalytic reaction yields was also observed, with [Fe2+L6(Cl)2] providing the highest yield (81%, -405 mV). A Lorentzian fitting of redox potential versus yields predicts that these catalysts can undergo more fine-tuning to further increase yields. Interestingly, the remaining properties explored did not show a direct, strong relationship to catalytic reaction yields. Altogether, these results show that modifications to the ligand scaffold using fundamental concepts of inorganic coordination chemistry can be used to control the catalytic activity of macrocyclic iron complexes by controlling redox chemistry of the iron center. Furthermore, the data provide direction for the design of improved catalysts for this reaction and strategies to understand the impact of a ligand scaffold on catalytic activity of other reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M. Brewer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, TX 76129, United States
| | - Kevin R. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, 100 Campus Drive, Weatherford, OK 73096, United States
| | - Donald G. Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, 100 Campus Drive, Weatherford, OK 73096, United States
| | - Eric W. Reinheimer
- Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 9009 New Trails Drive The Woodlands, TX, United States
| | - Stephen J. Archibald
- Department of Chemistry and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Timothy J. Prior
- Department of Chemistry and Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Megan A. Ayala
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, 100 Campus Drive, Weatherford, OK 73096, United States
| | - Alexandria L. Foster
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, 100 Campus Drive, Weatherford, OK 73096, United States
| | - Timothy J. Hubin
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, 100 Campus Drive, Weatherford, OK 73096, United States
| | - Kayla N. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, 2950 S. Bowie, Fort Worth, TX 76129, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Brewer SM, Palacios PM, Johnston HM, Pierce BS, Green KN. Isolation and identification of the pre-catalyst in iron-catalyzed direct arylation of pyrrole with phenylboronic acid. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
26
|
Hajipour AR, Abolfathi P, Tavangar‐Rizi Z. Iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction: Heterogeneous palladium and copper‐free Heck and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions catalyzed by a reusable Fe(III) complex. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdol R. Hajipour
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 IR Iran
- Department of Pharmacology University of Wisconsin, Medical School 1300 University, Avenue Madison 53706‐1532 WI USA
| | - Parisa Abolfathi
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 IR Iran
| | - Zeinab Tavangar‐Rizi
- Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rajabzadeh M, Khalifeh R, Eshghi H, Bakavoli M. A facile hydrothermal synthesis of novel hollow triple-shell CuNiFe2O4 nanospheres with robust catalytic performance in the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
28
|
Qiao K, Zhang D, Zhang K, Yuan X, Zheng MW, Guo TF, Fang Z, Wan L, Guo K. Iron(ii)-catalyzed C-2 cyanomethylation of indoles and pyrroles via direct oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling with acetonitrile derivatives. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo01086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient approach for the C(sp2)–H/C(sp3)–H oxidative coupling of indoles and pyrroles with acetonitrile derivatives was reported by using the Fe(ii) complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qiao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Yuan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Ming-Wei Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Tian-Fo Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
| | - Li Wan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- P. R. China
- Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shih WC, Ozerov OV. Selective ortho C–H Activation of Pyridines Directed by Lewis Acidic Boron of PBP Pincer Iridium Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17297-17300. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gonzalez P, Pota K, Turan LS, da Costa VCP, Akkaraju G, Green KN. Synthesis, Characterization, and Activity of a Triazine Bridged Antioxidant Small Molecule. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2414-2423. [PMID: 28768410 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-ion misregulation and oxidative stress continue to be components of the continually evolving hypothesis describing the molecular origins of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, these features are viable targets for synthetic chemists to explore through hybridizations of metal-binding ligands and antioxidant units. To date, the metal-binding unit in potential therapeutic small molecules has largely been inspired by clioquinol with the exception of a handful of heterocyclic small molecules and open-chain systems. Heterocyclic small molecules such as cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) have the advantage of straightforward N-based modifications, allowing the addition of functional groups. In this work, we report the synthesis of a triazine bridged system containing two cyclen metal-binding units and an antioxidant coumarin appendage inspired by nature. This new potential therapeutic molecule shows the ability to bind copper in a unique manner compared to other chelates proposed to treat Alzheimer's disease. DPPH and TEAC assays exploring the activity of N-(2-((4,6-di(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecan-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)ethyl)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxamide (molecule 1) show that the molecule is antioxidant. Cellular studies of molecule 1 indicate a low toxicity (EC50 = 80 μM) and the ability to protect HT-22 neuronal cells from cell death induced by Aβ + copper(II), thus demonstrating the potential for molecule 1 to serve as a multimodal therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kristof Pota
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Lara Su Turan
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Viviana C. P. da Costa
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Giridhar Akkaraju
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Kayla N. Green
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kocaoğlu E, Karaman MA, Tokgöz H, Talaz O. Transition-Metal Catalyst Free Oxidative Radical Arylation of N-Methylpyrrole. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:5000-5004. [PMID: 31457776 PMCID: PMC6641933 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study represents an expansion of the application of catalysis in air through conventional coupling and free radical processes. A reactive free aryl radical intermediate was generated via the oxidation of an activated Ar-NH-NH2 bond by air as a simple and readily available oxidant. For this purpose, the usability of phenylhydrazine and phenylhydrazine hydrochloride salt reagents for the direct arylation of pyrrole with aryl radicals was investigated. The facile coupling of N-methylpyrrole with aryl radicals was easily applied for the convenient direct synthesis of C-2 arylated pyrroles without a transition-metal catalyst.
Collapse
|
32
|
Tseberlidis G, Intrieri D, Caselli A. Catalytic Applications of Pyridine-Containing Macrocyclic Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Tseberlidis
- Department of Chemistry; Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM-CNR-Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Daniela Intrieri
- Department of Chemistry; Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM-CNR-Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Alessandro Caselli
- Department of Chemistry; Università degli Studi di Milano and ISTM-CNR-Milano; Via Golgi 19 20133 Milan Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Azines, which are six-membered aromatic compounds containing one or more nitrogen atoms, serve as ubiquitous structural cores of aromatic species with important applications in biological and materials sciences. Among a variety of synthetic approaches toward azines, C-H functionalization represents the most rapid and atom-economical transformation, and it is advantageous for the late-stage functionalization of azine-containing functional molecules. Since azines have several C-H bonds with different reactivities, the development of new reactions that allow for the functionalization of azines in a regioselective fashion has comprised a central issue. This review describes recent advances in the C-H functionalization of azines categorized as follows: (1) SNAr reactions, (2) radical reactions, (3) deprotonation/functionalization, and (4) metal-catalyzed reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Murakami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shuya Yamada
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneda
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, and ‡JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nishimoto Y, Kondo H, Yamaguchi K, Yokogawa D, Yamaguchi J, Itami K, Irle S. Theoretical Elucidation of Potential Enantioselectivity in a Pd-Catalyzed Aromatic C–H Coupling Reaction. J Org Chem 2017; 82:4900-4906. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nishimoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kondo
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamaguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yokogawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- JST
ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Stephan Irle
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Catalytic C-H bond activation, which was an elusive subject of chemical research until the 1990s, has now become a standard synthetic method for the formation of new C-C and C-heteroatom bonds. The synthetic potential of C-H activation was first described for ruthenium catalysis and is now widely exploited by the use of various precious metals. Driven by the increasing interest in chemical utilization of ubiquitous metals that are abundant and nontoxic, iron catalysis has become a rapidly growing area of research, and iron-catalyzed C-H activation has been most actively explored in recent years. In this review, we summarize the development of stoichiometric C-H activation, which has a long history, and catalytic C-H functionalization, which emerged about 10 years ago. We focus in this review on reactions that take place via reactive organoiron intermediates, and we excluded those that use iron as a Lewis acid or radical initiator. The contents of this review are categorized by the type of C-H bond cleaved and the type of bond formed thereafter, and it covers the reactions of simple substrates and substrates possessing a directing group that anchors the catalyst to the substrate, providing an overview of iron-mediated and iron-catalyzed C-H activation reported in the literature by October 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Laurean Ilies
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Johnston AJS, Ling KB, Sale D, Lebrasseur N, Larrosa I. Direct ortho-Arylation of Pyridinecarboxylic Acids: Overcoming the Deactivating Effect of sp2-Nitrogen. Org Lett 2016; 18:6094-6097. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. S. Johnston
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Kenneth B. Ling
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K
| | - David Sale
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K
| | - Nathalie Lebrasseur
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Perumgani PC, Parvathaneni SP, Keesara S, Mandapati MR. Recyclable Pd(II)complex catalyzed oxidative sp2 CH bond acylation of 2-aryl pyridines with toluene derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
38
|
Hilton MC, Dolewski RD, McNally A. Selective Functionalization of Pyridines via Heterocyclic Phosphonium Salts. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13806-13809. [PMID: 27731999 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Methods that directly functionalize pyridines are in high demand due to their presence in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials. A reaction that selectively transforms the 4-position C-H bonds in pyridines into C-PPh3+ groups that are subsequently converted into heteroaryl ethers is presented. The two step sequence is effective on complex pyridines, pharmaceutical molecules, and other classes of heterocycles. Initial studies show that C-C, C-N, and C-S bond formations are also amenable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Hilton
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ryan D Dolewski
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Andrew McNally
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang HB, Hu YL, Li DJ. Facile and efficient Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction of aryl halides catalyzed by Pd2(dba)3 in ionic liquid/supercritical carbon dioxide biphasic system. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
40
|
Maeda H, Fukui A, Yamakado R, Yasuda N. Dipyrrolyphenol as a precursor of π-electronic anion that forms ion pairs with cations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:17572-5. [PMID: 26477582 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07493b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nitro-substituted dipyrrolylphenol was synthesized as a precursor of a π-electronic anion, whose phenolate (phenoxide) moiety upon deprotonation was stabilized by the hydrogen-bond-donating pyrrole NH, thus forming solid-state ion pairs with various cationic species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Maeda
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Fukui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Ryohei Yamakado
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Research and Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Maes J, Maes BU. A Journey Through Metal-Catalyzed C H Functionalization of Heterocycles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
42
|
Rossi R, Lessi M, Manzini C, Marianetti G, Bellina F. Transition Metal-Free Direct CH (Hetero)arylation of Heteroarenes: A Sustainable Methodology to Access (Hetero)aryl-Substituted Heteroarenes. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
43
|
Karadeniz E, Zora M, Kılıçaslan NZ. Facile synthesis of aryl-substituted pyridines via Suzuki–Miyaura approach. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
44
|
Figueira CA, Lopes PS, Gomes PT. Synthesis of 2-arylpyrroles via catalytic dehydrogenation of 2-aryl-1-pyrrolines in the presence of palladium-supported on alumina. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
45
|
Ma Z, Liu H, Zhang C, Zheng X, Yuan M, Fu H, Li R, Chen H. One-Pot Synthesis of Symmetrical 2,6-DiarylpyridinesviaPalladium/Copper-Catalyzed Sequential Decarboxylative and Direct CH Arylation. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Bauer
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
|
48
|
Bai Y, Tang L, Huang H, Deng GJ. Synthesis of 2,4-diarylsubstituted-pyridines through a Ru-catalyzed four component reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4404-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00162e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Diarylsubstituted pyridines were prepared from acetophenones, ammonium acetate and DMF under an oxygen atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Lichang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pagar VV, Liu RS. Gold-catalyzed α-furanylations of quinoline N-oxides with alkenyldiazo carbonyl species. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:6166-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00696a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold-catalyzed α-furanylations of 8-alkylquinoline N-oxides have been achieved using various alkenyldiazo carbonyl species as nucleophiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing-Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Batchu VR, Romero-Estudillo I, Boto A, Miguélez J. Metal-free, one-pot conversion of proline derivatives into 2-aryl-3-iodo pyrrolidines by a sequential scission-iodination-arylation process. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:9547-56. [PMID: 25333212 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01372g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The metal-free, direct conversion of readily available proline derivatives into 2-aryl-3-iodopyrrolidines is carried out under mild conditions and in good yields, using a sequential radical decarboxylation-oxidation-iodination-arylation reaction. These iodinated pyrrolidines are valuable precursors of other compounds. For instance, they can be cyclized to tricyclic compounds or undergo dehalogenation to 2-aryl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrroles, which are iminosugar and 2-arylpyrrole precursors. This process provides a short pathway to a variety of alkaloid and drug analogues of potential pharmaceutical interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkateswara Rao Batchu
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|