1
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Zhang P, Liu Y, Li X, Siri G, Wang J, Li Z, Jian Y, Gao Z. Copper Catalyzed Three-Component Ullmann C-S Coupling in PEG for the Synthesis of 6-Aryl/alkylthio-purines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2212-2222. [PMID: 38311847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
To tackle the environmental unfriendly issue in existing synthesis strategies for 6-substitued thiopurine derivatives, such as poor step economy, frequent use of malodorous organic sulfur starting materials, toxic organic solvents, and equivalent dosage of base, we have developed a CuI-catalyzed base-free three-component Ullmann C-S coupling synthetic strategy, featured using inorganic salt Na2S as the sulfur source and nontoxic PEG-600 as the solvent. The newly developed strategy is particularly effective for the synthesis of 6-arylthiopurines. The high catalytic efficiency in PEG-600 can be rationalized by the high soluble ability of CuI catalyst, likely due to the presence of multiple oxygen coordination sites in PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yunfang Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xulian Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Geling Siri
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jieyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yajun Jian
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119, China
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2
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Lakshman MK. Base Modifications of Nucleosides via the Use of Peptide-Coupling Agents, and Beyond. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200182. [PMID: 36166699 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Several naturally occurring purine and pyrimidine nucleosides contain an amide linkage as part of the heterocyclic aglycone. Enolization of the amide and conversion to leaving groups at the amide carbon atom permits base modification by addition-elimination types of processes. Although a number of methods have been developed over the years for accomplishing such conversions, the present Personal Account describes efforts from the Lakshman laboratories. Facile activation of the amido groups in nucleobases can be achieved with peptide-coupling agents. Subsequent reaction with nucleophiles then accomplishes the base modifications. In many cases, the activation and displacement steps can be done as two-step, one-pot processes, whereas in other cases, discrete storable activated nucleosides can be isolated for subsequent displacement reactions. Using such an approach a wide range of nucleoside base modifications is readily achievable. In many instances, mechanistic investigations have been conducted so as to understand the activation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
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3
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Sebastian D, Satishkumar S, Pradhan P, Yang L, Lakshman MK. General Approach to N6,C5'-Difunctionalization of Adenosine. J Org Chem 2021; 87:18-39. [PMID: 34905365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Among the C6-halo purine ribonucleosides, the readily accessible 6-chloro derivative has been known to undergo slow SNAr reactions with amines, particularly aryl amines. In this work, we show that in 0.1 M AcOH in EtOH, aryl amines react quite efficiently at the C6-position of 2',3',5'-tri-O-(t-BuMe2Si)-protected 6-chloropurine riboside (6-ClP-riboside), with concomitant cleavage of the 5'-silyl group. These two-step processes proceeded in generally good yields, and notably, reactions in the absence of AcOH were much slower and/or lower yielding. Corresponding reactions of 2',3',5'-tri-O-(t-BuMe2Si)-protected 6-ClP-riboside with alkyl amines proceeded well but without desilylation at the primary hydroxyl terminus. These differences are likely due to the acidities of the ammonium chlorides formed in these reactions, and the role of AcOH was not desilylation but possibly only purine activation. With 50% aqueous TFA in THF at 0 °C, cleavage of the 5'-silyl group from 2',3',5'-tri-O-(t-BuMe2Si)-protected N6-alkyl adenosine derivatives and from 6-ClP-riboside was readily achieved. Reactions of the 5'-deprotected 6-ClP-riboside with alkyl amines proceeded in high yields and under mild conditions. Because these complementary methodologies yielded N6-aryl and -alkyl adenosine derivatives containing a free 5'-hydroxyl group, a variety of product functionalizations were undertaken to yield N6,C5'-doubly modified nucleoside analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dellamol Sebastian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States.,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Sakilam Satishkumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Padmanava Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Lijia Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States.,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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4
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Cīrule D, Novosjolova I, Bizdēna Ē, Turks M. 1,2,3-Triazoles as leaving groups: S NAr reactions of 2,6-bistriazolylpurines with O- and C-nucleophiles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:410-419. [PMID: 33633809 PMCID: PMC7884883 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A new approach was designed for the synthesis of C6-substituted 2-triazolylpurine derivatives. A series of substituted products was obtained in SNAr reactions between 2,6-bistriazolylpurine derivatives and O- and C-nucleophiles under mild conditions. The products were isolated in yields up to 87%. The developed C-O and C-C bond forming reactions clearly show the ability of the 1,2,3-triazolyl ring at the C6 position of purine to act as leaving group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dace Cīrule
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Irina Novosjolova
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ērika Bizdēna
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Māris Turks
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
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5
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Fang Y, Li W, Lin J, Li X. Different Bonds Cleavage of Arenesulfonates: Access to Diverse Aryl Ethers. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21050211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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6
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Improved Synthesis of Phosphoramidite-Protected N6-Methyladenosine via BOP-Mediated S NAr Reaction. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010147. [PMID: 33396208 PMCID: PMC7796277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine(m6A) is the most abundant modification in mRNA. Studies on proteins that introduce and bind m6A require the efficient synthesis of oligonucleotides containing m6A. We report an improved five-step synthesis of the m6A phosphoramidite starting from inosine, utilising a 1-H-benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphoniumhexafluorophosphate (BOP)-mediated SNAr reaction in the key step. The route manifests a substantial increase in overall yield compared to reported routes, and is useful for the synthesis of phosphoramidites of other adenosine derivatives, such as ethanoadenosine, an RNA analogue of the DNA adduct formed by the important anticancer drug Carmustine.
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7
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Korvinson KA, Akula HK, Malinchak CT, Sebastian D, Wei W, Khandaker TA, Andrzejewska MR, Zajc B, Lakshman MK. Catalytic Reductions Without External Hydrogen Gas: Broad Scope Hydrogenations with Tetrahydroxydiboron and a Tertiary Amine. Adv Synth Catal 2019; 362:166-176. [PMID: 33071705 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Facile reduction of aryl halides with a combination of 5% Pd/C, B2(OH)4, and 4-methylmorpholine is reported. Aryl bromides, iodides, and chlorides were efficiently reduced. Aryl dihalides containing two different halogen atoms underwent selective reduction: I over Br and Cl, and Br over Cl. Beyond these, aryl triflates were efficiently reduced. This combination was broadly general, effectuating reductions of benzylic halides and ethers, alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes, and azides, as well as for N-Cbz deprotection. A cyano group was unaffected, but a nitro group and a ketone underwent reduction to a low extent. When B2(OD)4 was used for aryl halide reduction, a significant amount of deuteriation occurred. However, H atom incorporation competed and increased in slower reactions. 4-Methylmorpholine was identified as a possible source of H atoms in this, but a combination of only 4-methylmorpholine and Pd/C did not result in reduction. Hydrogen gas has been observed to form with this reagent combination. Experiments aimed at understanding the chemistry led to the proposal of a plausible mechanism and to the identification of N,N-bis(methyl-d 3)pyridine-4-amine (DMAP-d 6) and B2(OD)4 as an effective combination for full aromatic deuteriation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A Korvinson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA).,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016 (USA)
| | - Hari K Akula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA)
| | - Casina T Malinchak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA).,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016 (USA)
| | - Dellamol Sebastian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA).,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016 (USA)
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA).,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016 (USA)
| | - Tashrique A Khandaker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA)
| | - Magdalena R Andrzejewska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA)
| | - Barbara Zajc
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA).,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016 (USA)
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031 (USA).,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016 (USA)
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Akula HK, Lakshman MK. Facile Modifications at the C4 Position of Pyrimidine Nucleosides via In Situ Amide Activation with 1H-Benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethyl-amino)phosphonium Hexafluorophosphate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 76:e73. [PMID: 30688408 DOI: 10.1002/cpnc.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Two approaches for C4 modifications of silyl-protected thymidine, 2'-deoxyuridine, and 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) are described. In both, nucleoside amide activation with 1H-benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) and DBU yields O4 -(benzotriazol-1-yl) derivatives. These in situ-formed intermediates are reacted with various nucleophiles, resulting in C4 modifications. In the two-step, one-pot approach, the O4 -(benzotriazol-1-yl) nucleoside intermediates are initially produced by reactions of the nucleosides with BOP and DBU in THF. This step is fast and typically complete within 30 min. Subsequently, the O4 -(benzotriazol-1-yl) derivatives are reacted with nucleophiles, such as aliphatic and aromatic amines, thiols, and alcohols, under appropriate conditions. Workup, isolation, and purification lead to the desired C4-modified pyrimidine nucleosides in good to excellent yields. In the one-step approach, the nucleosides are reacted with BOP and DBU, in the presence of the nucleophile (only aliphatic and aromatic amines, and thiols have been tested). Where comparisons are possible, the one-step approach is generally superior. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari K Akula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York.,The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York
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9
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Venkatesham A, Pillalamarri SR, De Wit F, Lescrinier E, Debyser Z, Van Aerschot A. Propargylated Purine Deoxynucleosides: New Tools for Fluorescence Imaging Strategies. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030468. [PMID: 30696094 PMCID: PMC6384747 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo imaging of biological processes is an important asset of modern cell biology. Selectively reacting fluorophores herein are an important tool and click chemistry reactions take a large share in these events. 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) is well known for visualizing DNA replication, but does not show any selectivity for incorporation into DNA. Striving for specific visualization of virus replication, in particular HIV replication, a series of propargylated purine deoxynucleosides were prepared aiming for selective incorporation by HIV reverse transcriptase (RT). We here report on the synthesis and preliminary biological effects (cellular toxicity, HIV inhibitory effects, and feasibility of the click reaction) of these nucleoside analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akkaladevi Venkatesham
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sambasiva Rao Pillalamarri
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Flore De Wit
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Eveline Lescrinier
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Zeger Debyser
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Arthur Van Aerschot
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Dept. of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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10
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Nami M, Sovari SN, Haghighatnia Y, Dabiri M, Salehi P. A Novel Synthesis of Macitentan, an Endothelin Receptor Antagonist. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2017.1320921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Nami
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Sara Nasiri Sovari
- Department of Research and Development, Hasti Aria Shimi Co., Tehran 1463745481, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Haghighatnia
- Department of Research and Development, Hasti Aria Shimi Co., Tehran 1463745481, Iran
| | - Minoo Dabiri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Peyman Salehi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
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11
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Akula HK, Kokatla H, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Schols D, Balzarini J, Yang L, Lakshman MK. Facile functionalization at the C4 position of pyrimidine nucleosides via amide group activation with (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) and biological evaluations of the products. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:1130-1139. [PMID: 28054092 PMCID: PMC5367150 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02334g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-protected thymidine, 2'-deoxyuridine, and 3'-azidothymidine (AZT) with (benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) leads to activation of the C4 amide carbonyl by formation of putative O4-(benzotriazol-1-yl) derivatives. Subsequent substitution with alkyl and aryl amines, thiols, and alcohols leads to facile functionalization at this position. Reactions with amines and thiols were conducted either as a two-step, one-pot transformation, or as a one-step conversion. Reactions with alcohols were conducted as two-step, one-pot transformations. In the course of these investigations, the formation of 1-(4-pyrimidinyl)-1H-benzotriazole-3-oxide derivatives from the pyrimidine nucleosides was identified. However, these too underwent conversion to the desired products. Products obtained from AZT were converted to the 3'-amino derivatives by catalytic reduction. All products were assayed for their abilities to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and for antiviral activities. Many were seen to be active against HIV-1 and HIV-2, and one was active against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari K Akula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, USA. and The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Hariprasad Kokatla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, USA.
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lijia Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, USA.
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, USA. and The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
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12
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Vemula SR, Kumar D, Cook GR. Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Amidation with N-Heterocycles via sp3 C–H Oxidation. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep R. Vemula
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
| | - Gregory R. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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13
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Singh MK, Lakshman MK. Diarylmethanes through an Unprecedented Palladium-Catalyzed C-C Cross-Coupling of 1-(Aryl)methoxy-1 H-Benzotriazoles with Arylboronic Acids. ChemCatChem 2015; 7:4156-4162. [PMID: 27134687 PMCID: PMC4847744 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
1-(Aryl)methoxy-1H-benzotriazoles (ArCH2OBt) are bench-stable reagents that are prepared readily from 1H-benzotriazol-1-yl-4-methylbenzenesulfonate (BtOTs) and benzylic alcohols. These compounds, which contain a N-O-C bond, undergo cross-coupling with arylboronic acids by C-O bond scission with catalysts that comprise Pd(OAc)2 and biarylphosphine ligands. Such reactivity of ArCH2OBt derivatives, leading to diarylmethanes, has not been described previously and constitutes a new activation of benzylic alcohols. With regard to the various ligands-metal complexes that support catalytic activity, it appears that those with smaller "percent buried volumes" (%Vbur) provide better outcomes. This factor has been evaluated in the initial optimization studies and in further reactions with difficult coupling partners. Ligand electronics of the biaryl moiety seem to play a lesser role in this type of reaction. The bis-coordinating bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl]ether appears to be suitable to improve the yields of low-yielding reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031
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14
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Satishkumar S, Vuram PK, Relangi SS, Gurram V, Zhou H, Kreitman RJ, Martínez Montemayor MM, Yang L, Kaliyaperumal M, Sharma S, Pottabathini N, Lakshman MK. Cladribine Analogues via O⁶-(Benzotriazolyl) Derivatives of Guanine Nucleosides. Molecules 2015; 20:18437-63. [PMID: 26473811 PMCID: PMC4841790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201018437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cladribine, 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine, is a highly efficacious, clinically used nucleoside for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia. It is also being evaluated against other lymphoid malignancies and has been a molecule of interest for well over half a century. In continuation of our interest in the amide bond-activation in purine nucleosides via the use of (benzotriazol-1yl-oxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate, we have evaluated the use of O⁶-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-2'-deoxyguanosine as a potential precursor to cladribine and its analogues. These compounds, after appropriate deprotection, were assessed for their biological activities, and the data are presented herein. Against hairy cell leukemia (HCL), T-cell lymphoma (TCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), cladribine was the most active against all. The bromo analogue of cladribine showed comparable activity to the ribose analogue of cladribine against HCL, but was more active against TCL and CLL. The bromo ribose analogue of cladribine showed activity, but was the least active among the C6-NH₂-containing compounds. Substitution with alkyl groups at the exocyclic amino group appears detrimental to activity, and only the C6 piperidinyl cladribine analogue demonstrated any activity. Against adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells, cladribine and its ribose analogue were most active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakilam Satishkumar
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Prasanna K Vuram
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Siva Subrahmanyam Relangi
- Discovery and Analytical Services, GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., 28A IDA Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India.
| | - Venkateshwarlu Gurram
- Discovery and Analytical Services, GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., 28A IDA Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India.
| | - Hong Zhou
- Clinical Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Robert J Kreitman
- Clinical Immunotherapy Section, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | - Lijia Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.
| | - Muralidharan Kaliyaperumal
- Discovery and Analytical Services, GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., 28A IDA Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India.
| | - Somesh Sharma
- Discovery and Analytical Services, GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., 28A IDA Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India.
| | - Narender Pottabathini
- Discovery and Analytical Services, GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., 28A IDA Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India.
| | - Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.
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15
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D'Errico S, Oliviero G, Borbone N, Nici F, Piccialli V, Pinto B, D'Alonzo D, Mayol L, Piccialli G. Synthesis of C6-Pyridylpurine Nucleosides by Reaction of Nebularine N1-Oxide with Pyridinyl Grignard Reagents. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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16
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Lakshman MK, Singh MK, Kumar M, Chamala RR, Yedulla VR, Wagner D, Leung E, Yang L, Matin A, Ahmad S. Facile synthesis of 1-alkoxy-1H-benzo- and 7-azabenzotriazoles from peptide coupling agents, mechanistic studies, and synthetic applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1919-32. [PMID: 25246951 PMCID: PMC4168895 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1H-Benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yloxy)tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP), 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (Bt-OTs), and 3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine-3-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (At-OTs) are classically utilized in peptide synthesis for amide-bond formation. However, a previously undescribed reaction of these compounds with alcohols in the presence of a base, leads to 1-alkoxy-1H-benzo- (Bt-OR) and 7-azabenzotriazoles (At-OR). Although BOP undergoes reactions with alcohols to furnish 1-alkoxy-1H-benzotriazoles, Bt-OTs proved to be superior. Both, primary and secondary alcohols undergo reaction under generally mild reaction conditions. Correspondingly, 1-alkoxy-1H-7-azabenzotriazoles were synthesized from At-OTs. Mechanistically, there are three pathways by which these peptide-coupling agents can react with alcohols. From (31)P{(1)H}, [(18)O]-labeling, and other chemical experiments, phosphonium and tosylate derivatives of alcohols seem to be intermediates. These then react with BtO(-) and AtO(-) produced in situ. In order to demonstrate broader utility, this novel reaction has been used to prepare a series of acyclic nucleoside-like compounds. Because BtO(-) is a nucleofuge, several Bt-OCH2Ar substrates have been evaluated in nucleophilic substitution reactions. Finally, the possible formation of Pd π-allyl complexes by departure of BtO(-) has been queried. Thus, alpha-allylation of three cyclic ketones was evaluated with 1-(cinnamyloxy)-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole, via in situ formation of pyrrolidine enamines and Pd catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Manish K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Raghu Ram Chamala
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Vijayender R Yedulla
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Domenick Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Evan Leung
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Lijia Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Asha Matin
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Sadia Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
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17
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Battula S, Vishwakarma RA, Ahmed QN. Cu–benzotriazole-catalyzed electrophilic cyclization of N-arylimines: a methodical tandem approach to O-protected-4hydroxyquinazolines-. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07377k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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18
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Traoré T, Cavagnino A, Saettel N, Radvanyi F, Piguel S, Bernard-Pierrot I, Stoven V, Legraverend M. New aminopyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of the TAM family. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 70:789-801. [PMID: 24239626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we describe the synthesis of new pyrimidine analogs of BMS-777607, a potent and selective inhibitor of Met kinase. Inhibition of Met and Axl remained high whereas inhibition of Tyro3 and Mer decreased to some extend. The preferential moderate inhibition of the non-phosphorylated form of Abl1 of some derivatives suggests that they behave as type II inhibitors. This hypothesis was confirmed by docking studies into the structure of Met (3F82) and in a Tyro3 model where key interactions with the hinge region, the DFG-out motif and the allosteric pocket explain this inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ténin Traoré
- Institut Curie, CNRS, UMR 176, Bât. 110-112, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay, France
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19
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Liu Q, Lu Z, Ren W, Shen K, Wang Y, Xu Q. Efficient Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Heteroaryl Ethers by a Transition Metal-Free CO Cross-Coupling Reaction of Activated and Unactivated Heteroaryl Chlorides with Alcohols and Phenols. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Špulák M, Novák Z, Palát K, Kuneš J, Pourová J, Pour M. The unambiguous synthesis and NMR assignment of 4-alkoxy and 3-alkylquinazolines. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Hanthorn JJ, Valgimigli L, Pratt DA. Preparation of Highly Reactive Pyridine- and Pyrimidine-Containing Diarylamine Antioxidants. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6908-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301013c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J. Hanthorn
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston,
Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Luca Valgimigli
- Department
of Organic Chemistry
“A. Mangini”, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Derek A. Pratt
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston,
Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Pvt., Ottawa,
Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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22
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Lakshman MK, Kumar A, Balachandran R, Day BW, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Balzarini J. Synthesis and biological properties of C-2 triazolylinosine derivatives. J Org Chem 2012; 77:5870-83. [PMID: 22758929 DOI: 10.1021/jo300628y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
O(6)-(Benzotriazol-1H-yl)guanosine and its 2'-deoxy analogue are readily converted to the O(6)-allyl derivatives that upon diazotization with t-BuONO and TMS-N(3) yield the C-2 azido derivatives. We have previously analyzed the solvent-dependent azide·tetrazole equilibrium of C-6 azidopurine nucleosides, and in contrast to these, the O(6)-allyl C-2 azido nucleosides appear to exist predominantly in the azido form, relatively independent of solvent polarity. In the presently described cases, the tetrazole appears to be very minor. Consistent with the presence of the azido functionality, each neat C-2 azide displayed a prominent IR band at 2126-2130 cm(-1). A screen of conditions for the ligation of the azido nucleosides with alkynes showed that CuCl in t-BuOH/H(2)O is optimal, yielding C-2 1,2,3-triazolyl nucleosides in 70-82% yields. Removal of the silyl groups with Et(3)N·3HF followed by deallylation with PhSO(2)Na/Pd(PPh(3))(4) gave the C-2 triazolylinosine nucleosides. In a continued demonstration of the versatility of O(6)-(benzotriazol-1H-yl)purine nucleosides, one C-2 triazolylinosine derivative was converted to two adenosine analogues via these intermediates, under mild conditions. Products were desilylated for biological assays. The two C-2 triazolyl adenosine analogues demonstrated pronounced antiproliferative activity in human ovarian and colorectal carcinoma cell cultures. When evaluated for antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of DNA and RNA viruses, some of the C-2 triazolylinosine derivatives showed modest inhibitory activity against cytomegalovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, USA.
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Kokatla HP, Lakshman MK. Two-step, one-pot synthesis of inosine, guanosine, and 2'-deoxyguanosine O6-ethers via intermediate O6-(benzotriazol-1-yl) derivatives. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN NUCLEIC ACID CHEMISTRY 2012; Chapter 1:Unit1.26. [PMID: 22700333 DOI: 10.1002/0471142700.nc0126s49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the etherification at the O(6)-position of silyl-protected inosine, guanosine, and 2'-deoxyguanosine is described. Typically, a THF solution of the silylated nucleoside is treated with 1H-benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) and Cs(2)CO(3) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Conversion to the O(6)-(benzotriazol-1-yl) ethers occurs within about 10 min for inosine, and within about 60 min for guanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine. Then, for reaction with alcohols, the reaction mixture is evaporated and the O(6)-(benzotriazol-1-yl) ether is treated with Cs(2)CO(3) and an appropriate alcohol, at room temperature. On the other hand, for reaction with phenols, Cs(2)CO(3) and the appropriate phenol are added to the reaction mixture without evaporation, and the reaction is carried out at 70°C. Subsequently, workup, isolation, and purification lead to the requisite O(6)-alkyl or O(6)-aryl ethers in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Prasad Kokatla
- The City College and The City University of New York, New York City, NY, USA
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24
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Phosphonium-mediated cyclization of N-(2-aminophenyl)thioureas: efficient synthesis of 2-aminobenzimidazoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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25
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Londregan AT, Jennings S, Wei L. Mild Addition of Nucleophiles to Pyridine-N-Oxides. Org Lett 2011; 13:1840-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200352g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allyn T. Londregan
- CVMED Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, United States
| | - Sandra Jennings
- CVMED Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, United States
| | - Liuqing Wei
- CVMED Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut, 06340, United States
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